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Matthieu 13

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1 Ce même jour-là Jésus étant sorti de la maison, s'assit près de la mer.

2 Et de grandes troupes s'assemblèrent autour de lui, c'est pourquoi il monta dans une nacelle, et s'assit, et toute la multitude se tenait sur le rivage.

3 Et il leur parla de plusieurs choses par des similitudes, en disant : voici, un semeur sortit pour semer.

4 Et comme il semait, une partie de la semence tomba le long du chemin, et les oiseaux vinrent, et la mangèrent toute.

5 Et une autre partie tomba dans des lieux pierreux, où elle n'avait guère de terre, et aussitôt elle leva, parce qu'elle n'entrait pas profondément dans la terre.

6 Et le soleil s'étant levé, elle fut brûlée; et parce qu'elle n'avait point de racine, elle sécha.

7 Et une autre partie tomba entre des épines; et les épines montèrent, et l'étouffèrent.

8 Et une autre partie tomba dans une bonne terre, et rendit du fruit, un grain [en rendit] cent, un autre, soixante, et un autre, trente.

9 Qui a des oreilles pour ouïr, qu'il entende.

10 Alors les Disciples s'approchant lui dirent : pourquoi leur parles-tu par des similitudes?

11 Il répondit, et leur dit : c'est parce qu'il vous est donné de connaître les mystères du Royaume des cieux, et que, pour eux, il ne leur est point donné [de les connaître].

12 Car à celui qui a, il sera donné, et il aura encore plus; mais à celui qui n'a rien, cela même qu'il a lui sera ôté.

13 C'est pourquoi je leur parle par des similitudes, à cause qu'en voyant ils ne voient point, et qu'en entendant ils n'entendent point, et ne comprennent point.

14 Et [ainsi] s'accomplit en eux la prophétie d'Esaïe, qui dit : en entendant vous ne comprendrez point; et en voyant vous verrez, et vous n'apercevrez point.

15 Car le cœur de ce peuple est engraissé, et ils ont ouï dur de leurs oreilles, et ont cligné de leurs yeux; de peur qu'ils ne voient des yeux, et qu'ils n'entendent des oreilles, et qu'ils ne comprennent du cœur, et ne se convertissent, et que je ne les guérisse.

16 Mais vos yeux sont bienheureux, car ils voient; et, vos oreilles sont [bienheureuses], car elles entendent.

17 Car en vérité je vous dis, que plusieurs Prophètes et plusieurs justes ont désiré de voir les choses que vous voyez, et ils ne les ont point vues; et d'ouïr les choses que vous entendez, et ils ne les ont point ouïes.

18 Vous donc, écoutez [le sens de] la similitude du semeur.

19 Quand un homme écoute la parole du Royaume, et ne la comprend point, le malin vient, et ravit ce qui est semé dans son cœur; et c'est là celui qui a reçu la semence auprès du chemin.

20 Et celui qui a reçu la semence dans des lieux pierreux, c'est celui qui écoute la parole, et qui la reçoit aussitôt avec joie;

21 Mais il n'a point de racine en lui-même, c'est pourquoi il n'est qu'à temps; de sorte que dès que l'affliction ou la persécution survienne à cause de la parole, il est aussitôt scandalisé.

22 Et celui qui a reçu la semence entre les épines, c'est celui qui écoute la parole de Dieu, mais l'inquiétude pour les choses de ce monde, et la tromperie des richesses étouffent la parole, et elle devient infructueuse.

23 Mais celui qui a reçu la semence dans une bonne terre, c'est celui qui écoute la parole, et qui la comprend; et porte du fruit, et produit, l'un cent, l'autre soixante, et l'autre trente.

24 Il leur proposa une autre similitude, en disant : le Royaume des cieux ressemble à un homme qui a semé de la bonne semence dans son champ.

25 Mais pendant que les hommes dormaient, son ennemi est venu, qui a semé de l'ivraie parmi le blé, puis s'en est allé.

26 Et après que la semence fut venue en herbe, et qu'elle eut porté du fruit, alors aussi parut l'ivraie.

27 Et les serviteurs du père de famille vinrent à lui, et lui dirent : Seigneur, n'as-tu pas semé de la bonne semence dans ton champ? d'où vient donc qu'il y a de l'ivraie?

28 Mais il leur dit : c'est l'ennemi qui a fait cela. Et les serviteurs lui dirent : veux-tu donc que nous y allions, et que nous cueillions l'ivraie?

29 Et il leur dit : non; de peur qu'il n'arrive qu'en cueillant l'ivraie, vous n'arrachiez le blé en même temps.

30 Laissez-les croître tous deux ensemble, jusqu'à la moisson; et au temps de la moisson, je dirai aux moissonneurs : cueillez premièrement l'ivraie, et la liez en faisceaux pour la brûler; mais assemblez le blé dans mon grenier.

31 Il leur proposa une autre similitude, en disant : le Royaume des cieux est semblable au grain de semence de moutarde que quelqu'un a pris et semé dans son champ.

32 Qui est bien la plus petite de toutes les semences; mais quand il est crû, il est plus grand que les autres plantes, et devient un arbre; tellement que les oiseaux du ciel y viennent, et font leurs nids dans ses branches.

33 Il leur dit une autre similitude : le Royaume des cieux est semblable au levain qu'une femme prend, et qu'elle met parmi trois mesures de farine, jusqu'à ce qu'elle soit toute levée.

34 Jésus dit toutes ces choses aux troupes en similitudes, et il ne leur parlait point sans similitudes;

35 Afin que fût accompli ce dont il avait été parlé par le Prophète, en disant : j'ouvrirai ma bouche en similitudes; je déclarerai les choses qui ont été cachées dès la fondation du monde.

36 Alors Jésus ayant laissé les troupes, s'en alla à la maison, et ses Disciples vinrent à lui, et lui dirent : explique-nous la similitude de l'ivraie du champ.

37 Et il leur répondit et dit : celui qui sème la bonne semence, c'est le Fils de l'homme;

38 Et le champ, c'est le monde; la bonne semence ce sont les enfants du Royaume, et l'ivraie ce sont les enfants du malin;

39 Et l'ennemi qui l'a semée, c'est le diable; la moisson, c'est la fin du monde, et les moissonneurs sont les Anges.

40 Comme donc on cueille l'ivraie, et on la brûle au feu, il en sera de même à la fin de ce monde.

41 Le Fils de l'homme enverra ses Anges, qui cueilleront de son Royaume tous les scandales, et ceux qui commettent l'iniquité;

42 Et les jetteront dans la fournaise du feu; là il y aura des pleurs et des grincements de dents.

43 Alors les justes reluiront comme le soleil dans le Royaume de leur Père. Qui a des oreilles pour ouïr, qu'il entende.

44 Le Royaume des cieux est encore semblable à un trésor caché dans un champ, lequel un homme ayant trouvé, l'a caché; puis de la joie qu'il en a, il s'en va, et vend tout ce qu'il a, et achète ce champ.

45 Le Royaume des cieux est encore semblable à un marchand qui cherche de bonnes perles;

46 Et qui ayant trouvé une perle de grand prix, s'en est allé, et a vendu tout ce qu'il avait, et l'a achetée.

47 Le Royaume des cieux est encore semblable à un filet jeté dans la mer, et amassant toutes sortes de choses;

48 Lequel étant plein, les pêcheurs le tirent en haut sur le rivage, puis s'étant assis, ils mettent ce qu'il y a de bon à part dans leurs vaisseaux, et jettent dehors ce qui ne vaut rien.

49 Il en sera de même à la fin du monde, les Anges viendront, et sépareront les méchants d'avec les justes;

50 Et les jetteront dans la fournaise du feu; là il y aura des pleurs, et des grincements de dents.

51 Jésus leur dit : avez-vous compris toutes ces choses? Ils lui répondirent : oui, Seigneur.

52 Et il leur dit : c'est pour cela que tout Scribe qui est bien instruit pour le Royaume des cieux, est semblable à un père de famille qui tire de son trésor des choses nouvelles, et des choses anciennes.

53 Et quand Jésus eut achevé ces similitudes, il partit de là.

54 Et étant venu en son pays, il les enseignait dans leur Synagogue, de telle sorte qu'ils en étaient étonnés, et disaient : d'où viennent à celui-ci cette science et ces vertus?

55 Celui-ci n'est-il pas le fils du charpentier? sa mère ne s'appelle-t-elle pas Marie? et ses frères [ne s'appellent-ils pas] Jacques, Joses, Simon et Jude?

56 Et ses sœurs ne sont-elles pas toutes parmi nous? D'où viennent donc à celui-ci toutes ces choses?

57 Tellement qu'ils étaient scandalisés en lui. Mais Jésus leur dit : un Prophète n'est sans honneur que dans son pays, et dans sa maison.

58 Et il ne fit là guère de miracles, à cause de leur incrédulité.

   

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Arcana Coelestia # 9295

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9295. This second feast, which was called 'the feast of the harvest of the firstfruits of works', also 'of the firstfruits of wheat' as well as 'the feast of weeks', means the planting of truth in good. This is clear from the establishment of it, spoken of in Moses as follows,

Say to the children of Israel, When you have come into the land which I am giving you, and you reap its harvest, you shall bring a sheaf of the firstfruits of your harvest to the priest, who shall wave the sheaf before Jehovah, so that you may be acceptable; on the day after the sabbath the priest shall wave it. And you shall offer on that day a he-lamb 1 as a burnt offering, also a minchah and a drink-offering. But you shall not eat bread or parched ears or green ones until that very day. After this you shall count for yourselves from the day after the sabbath, from the day you bring the sheaf of the wave-offering, seven sabbaths shall there be complete. Until the day after the seventh sabbath you shall count fifty days, and offer a new gift to Jehovah. You shall bring from your dwellings the bread of the wave-offering; it shall be baked with yeast, as firstfruits to Jehovah. Besides the bread you shall offer seven lambs, one young bull, and two rams, as a burnt offering, together with their minchah and drink-offering. Leviticus 23:10-21; Deuteronomy 16:9-12.

[2] No one can know what the meaning is of these details except from their internal sense. In that sense the seeds which are sown in the field are truths of faith which are planted in good. Harvest means their growing ripe when forms of good develop from them; for wheat and barley are forms of good, and ears containing them are truths accordingly linked to good. A sheaf is an ordered sequence and bringing together of such truths; for the truths have been arranged into sheaf-like groups. Waving means giving life to, for truths with a person are not living ones until they are rooted in good. The priest who waved the sheaf, that is, who gave life to forms of the good of truth, represented the Lord; for He is the Source of life in its entirety. Doing this on the day after the sabbath meant the holiness of goodness and truth joined together. Their not being permitted before then to eat bread, parched ears, or green ones meant not making the life of good their own before then, bread being the good of love, parched ears the good of charity, green ones the good of truth, and eating making one's own. The requirement that from then seven sabbaths were to be counted until the feast, which therefore was held on the fiftieth day, meant a complete planting of truth in good until the first phase of a new state. Bread made with yeast which was offered then meant good not as yet completely purified. The waving of it meant giving it life. The burnt offering of the lambs, young bull, and rams, together with minchah and drink-offerings meant worship of the Lord that has all the essential characteristics of that good. These are the things that are meant by this feast and what happened then. And from all this it is evident that a second state in deliverance from damnation was meant, which was a state when truth was planted in good.

[3] Since this feast was called the feast of the firstfruits of harvest one needs to know what 'harvest' means in the Word. In a broad sense 'the field' that contains the harvest means the whole human race or the whole world, in a less broad sense the Church, in a narrower sense a member of the Church, and in an even narrower sense the good present in a member of the Church since this good receives the truths of faith as the field receives seeds. From the meaning of 'the field' it is evident what 'harvest' means. That is to say, in the broadest sense it means the state of the whole human race in respect of its reception of good through truth, in a less broad sense the state of the Church in respect of the reception of the truths of faith in good, in a narrower sense the state of a member of the Church in respect of that reception, and in a still narrower sense the state of good in respect of the reception of truth, and so the planting of truth in good.

[4] All this shows what 'harvest' means in the following places, as in Matthew,

He who sows the good seed is the Son of Man; the field is the world; the seed is the sons of the kingdom; the tares are the sons of the kingdom of the evil one; 2 the enemy who sows them is the devil; but the harvest is the close of the age, while the harvesters are the angels. Matthew 13:37-39.

'The good seed' is the truths of faith received from the Lord; 'the Son of Man' is the Lord in respect of the Church's truths; 'the world' which 'the field' stands for is the entire human race; 'the sons of the kingdom' whom 'the seed' stands for are the Church's truths of faith; 'the sons of the kingdom of the evil one' whom 'the tares' stand for are the Church's falsities of faith; 'the devil' whom 'the enemy' stands for and who sows them is hell; 'the close of the age' which 'the harvest' stands for is the final state of the Church in respect of the reception of the truths of faith in good; and 'the angels' whom 'the harvesters' stand for are truths from the Lord. That such things are meant by those words spoken by the Lord may be recognized from their internal sense indicated throughout this explanation of them. All this also shows the manner in which the Lord spoke when He was in the world, namely by the use of images that carried a spiritual meaning, and the reason why He did so was in order that the Word might exist not only for the world but also for heaven.

[5] In Revelation,

An angel came out of the temple, crying with a loud voice to him who sat on the cloud, Thrust in 3 your sickle and reap, for the hour of harvesting has come for you; for the harvest of the earth has become dry. The one sitting on the cloud therefore thrust 4 his sickle into the earth, and the earth was harvested. Revelation 14:15-16.

'The harvest' here also stands for the final state of the Church in respect of the reception of the truths of faith in good. In Joel,

The priests have been mourning, the ministers of Jehovah. The field has been devastated, the land has been mourning because the grain has been laid waste, the new wine has failed, the oil languishes. Farmers have been put to shame, vinedressers have wailed over the wheat and over the barley, for the reason that the harvest of the field has perished. Joel 1:9-11.

This describes the ruination of the Church in respect of truths of faith and forms of the good of charity by means of such things as belong to the field, vineyard, and olive-grove. The Church itself is 'the field', and its final state, which the Lord called 'the close of the age', is 'the harvest'.

[6] In the same prophet,

Send out the sickle, for the harvest is ripe. Come, go down, for the winepress is full, the vats overflow - for great is their wickedness. Joel 3:13.

Here also 'the harvest' means the close of the age or final state of a Church laid waste. In Jeremiah,

Cut off the sower from Babel, and the one handling the sickle in the time of harvest. Jeremiah 50:16.

In the same prophet,

The daughter of Babel is like a threshing-floor; it is time to thresh her. Only a little while, and the time of harvest comes [to her]. Jeremiah 51:33.

'The time of harvest' stands for the final state of the Church there.

[7] In Isaiah,

Wail, O ships of Tarshish! For Tyre has been laid waste, so that there is no house nor anyone to go in. The inhabitants of the island are silent, O merchant of Sidon passing over the sea; they have replenished you. And through the great waters the seed of Shihor is the harvest of the Nile, her produce, to be the merchandise of nations. Isaiah 23:1-3.

The holy things of the Church that are described in these verses cannot be known to anyone except from the internal sense. Everyone knows that the holy things of heaven and of the Church are present throughout the Word, and that for this reason the Word is holy. The literal sense of those verses describes things connected with the commerce of Tyre and Sidon, but without a holy and more internal sense those descriptions are not holy. What their meaning is in this more internal sense is evident if they are brought to the surface. 'Ships of Tarshish' are doctrinal teachings about truth and good; 'Tyre and Sidon' are cognitions or knowledge of goodness and truth; 'no house, so that there is not anyone to go in' means that there is no longer any good in which truth can be planted; 'the inhabitants of the island who are silent' are more remote forms of good; 'the seed of Shihor' is true factual knowledge; and 'the harvest of the Nile, her produce' is good resulting from that knowledge, outside the Church.

Poznámky pod čarou:

1. literally, son of a lamb

2. The Latin means the sons of that of the evil one. Swedenborg derives this wording from the Latin Bible of Sebastian Schmidt. The Greek means simply the sons of the evil one.

3. literally, Send

4. literally, sent

  
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Thanks to the Swedenborg Society for the permission to use this translation.

Bible

 

Exodus 23

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1 "You shall not spread a false report. Don't join your hand with the wicked to be a malicious witness.

2 "You shall not follow a crowd to do evil; neither shall you testify in court to side with a multitude to pervert justice;

3 neither shall you favor a poor man in his cause.

4 "If you meet your enemy's ox or his donkey going astray, you shall surely bring it back to him again.

5 If you see the donkey of him who hates you fallen down under his burden, don't leave him, you shall surely help him with it.

6 "You shall not deny justice to your poor people in their lawsuits.

7 "Keep far from a false charge, and don't kill the innocent and righteous: for I will not justify the wicked.

8 "You shall take no bribe, for a bribe blinds those who have sight and perverts the words of the righteous.

9 "You shall not oppress an alien, for you know the heart of an alien, since you were aliens in the land of Egypt.

10 "For six years you shall sow your land, and shall gather in its increase,

11 but the seventh year you shall let it rest and lie fallow, that the poor of your people may eat; and what they leave the animal of the field shall eat. In the same way, you shall deal with your vineyard and with your olive grove.

12 "Six days you shall do your work, and on the seventh day you shall rest, that your ox and your donkey may have rest, and the son of your handmaid, and the alien may be refreshed.

13 "Be careful to do all things that I have said to you; and don't invoke the name of other gods, neither let them be heard out of your mouth.

14 "You shall observe a feast to me three times a year.

15 You shall observe the feast of unleavened bread. Seven days you shall eat unleavened bread, as I commanded you, at the time appointed in the month Abib (for in it you came out from Egypt), and no one shall appear before me empty.

16 And the feast of harvest, the first fruits of your labors, which you sow in the field: and the feast of harvest, at the end of the year, when you gather in your labors out of the field.

17 Three times in the year all your males shall appear before the Lord Yahweh.

18 "You shall not offer the blood of my sacrifice with leavened bread, neither shall the fat of my feast remain all night until the morning.

19 The first of the first fruits of your ground you shall bring into the house of Yahweh your God. "You shall not boil a young goat in its mother's milk.

20 "Behold, I send an angel before you, to keep you by the way, and to bring you into the place which I have prepared.

21 Pay attention to him, and listen to his voice. Don't provoke him, for he will not pardon your disobedience, for my name is in him.

22 But if you indeed listen to his voice, and do all that I speak, then I will be an enemy to your enemies, and an adversary to your adversaries.

23 For my angel shall go before you, and bring you in to the Amorite, the Hittite, the Perizzite, the Canaanite, the Hivite, and the Jebusite; and I will cut them off.

24 You shall not bow down to their gods, nor serve them, nor follow their practices, but you shall utterly overthrow them and demolish their pillars.

25 You shall serve Yahweh your God, and he will bless your bread and your water, and I will take sickness away from your midst.

26 No one will miscarry or be barren in your land. I will fulfill the number of your days.

27 I will send my terror before you, and will confuse all the people to whom you come, and I will make all your enemies turn their backs to you.

28 I will send the hornet before you, which will drive out the Hivite, the Canaanite, and the Hittite, from before you.

29 I will not drive them out from before you in one year, lest the land become desolate, and the animals of the field multiply against you.

30 Little by little I will drive them out from before you, until you have increased and inherit the land.

31 I will set your border from the Red Sea even to the sea of the Philistines, and from the wilderness to the River; for I will deliver the inhabitants of the land into your hand, and you shall drive them out before you.

32 You shall make no covenant with them, nor with their gods.

33 They shall not dwell in your land, lest they make you sin against me, for if you serve their gods, it will surely be a snare to you."