Bible

 

Genèse 30

Studie

   

1 Lorsque Rachel vit qu'elle ne donnait point d'enfants à Jacob, elle porta envie à sa soeur, et elle dit à Jacob: Donne-moi des enfants, ou je meurs!

2 La colère de Jacob s'enflamma contre Rachel, et il dit: Suis-je à la place de Dieu, qui t'empêche d'être féconde?

3 Elle dit: Voici ma servante Bilha; va vers elle; qu'elle enfante sur mes genoux, et que par elle j'aie aussi des fils.

4 Et elle lui donna pour femme Bilha, sa servante; et Jacob alla vers elle.

5 Bilha devint enceinte, et enfanta un fils à Jacob.

6 Rachel dit: Dieu m'a rendu justice, il a entendu ma voix, et il m'a donné un fils. C'est pourquoi elle l'appela du nom de Dan.

7 Bilha, servante de Rachel, devint encore enceinte, et enfanta un second fils à Jacob.

8 Rachel dit: J'ai lutté divinement contre ma soeur, et j'ai vaincu. Et elle l'appela du nom de Nephthali.

9 Léa voyant qu'elle avait cessé d'enfanter, prit Zilpa, sa servante, et la donna pour femme à Jacob.

10 Zilpa, servante de Léa, enfanta un fils à Jacob.

11 Léa dit: Quel bonheur! Et elle l'appela du nom de Gad.

12 Zilpa, servante de Léa, enfanta un second fils à Jacob.

13 Léa dit: Que je suis heureuse! car les filles me diront heureuse. Et elle l'appela du nom d'Aser.

14 Ruben sortit au temps de la moisson des blés, et trouva des mandragores dans les champs. Il les apporta à Léa, sa mère. Alors Rachel dit à Léa: Donne moi, je te prie, des mandragores de ton fils.

15 Elle lui répondit: Est-ce peu que tu aies pris mon mari, pour que tu prennes aussi les mandragores de mon fils? Et Rachel dit: Eh bien! il couchera avec toi cette nuit pour les mandragores de ton fils.

16 Le soir, comme Jacob revenait des champs, Léa sortit à sa rencontre, et dit: C'est vers moi que tu viendras, car je t'ai acheté pour les mandragores de mon fils. Et il coucha avec elle cette nuit.

17 Dieu exauça Léa, qui devint enceinte, et enfanta un cinquième fils à Jacob.

18 Léa dit: Dieu m'a donné mon salaire parce que j'ai donné ma servante à mon mari. Et elle l'appela du nom d'Issacar.

19 Léa devint encore enceinte, et enfanta un sixième fils à Jacob.

20 Léa dit: Dieu m'a fait un beau don; cette fois, mon mari habitera avec moi, car je lui ai enfanté six fils. Et elle l'appela du nom de Zabulon.

21 Ensuite, elle enfanta une fille, qu'elle appela du nom de Dina.

22 Dieu se souvint de Rachel, il l'exauça, et il la rendit féconde.

23 Elle devint enceinte, et enfanta un fils, et elle dit: Dieu a enlevé mon opprobre.

24 Et elle lui donna le nom de Joseph, en disant: Que l'Eternel m'ajoute un autre fils!

25 Lorsque Rachel eut enfanté Joseph, Jacob dit à Laban: Laisse-moi partir, pour que je m'en aille chez moi, dans mon pays.

26 Donne-moi mes femmes et mes enfants, pour lesquels je t'ai servi, et je m'en irai; car tu sais quel service j'ai fait pour toi.

27 Laban lui dit: Puissé-je trouver grâce à tes yeux! Je vois bien que l'Eternel m'a béni à cause de toi;

28 fixe-moi ton salaire, et je te le donnerai.

29 Jacob lui dit: Tu sais comment je t'ai servi, et ce qu'est devenu ton troupeau avec moi;

30 car le peu que tu avais avant moi s'est beaucoup accru, et l'Eternel t'a béni sur mes pas. Maintenant, quand travaillerai-je aussi pour ma maison?

31 Laban dit: Que te donnerai-je? Et Jacob répondit: Tu ne me donneras rien. Si tu consens à ce que je vais te dire, je ferai paître encore ton troupeau, et je le garderai.

32 Je parcourrai aujourd'hui tout ton troupeau; mets à part parmi les brebis tout agneau tacheté et marqueté et tout agneau noir, et parmi les chèvres tout ce qui est marqueté et tacheté. Ce sera mon salaire.

33 Ma droiture répondra pour moi demain, quand tu viendras voir mon salaire; tout ce qui ne sera pas tacheté et marqueté parmi les chèvres, et noir parmi les agneaux, ce sera de ma part un vol.

34 Laban dit: Eh bien! qu'il en soit selon ta parole.

35 Ce même jour, il mit à part les boucs rayés et marquetés, toutes les chèvres tachetées et marquetées, toutes celles où il y avait du blanc, et tout ce qui était noir parmi les brebis. Il les remit entre les mains de ses fils.

36 Puis il mit l'espace de trois journées de chemin entre lui et Jacob; et Jacob fit paître le reste du troupeau de Laban.

37 Jacob prit des branches vertes de peuplier, d'amandier et de platane; il y pela des bandes blanches, mettant à nu le blanc qui était sur les branches.

38 Puis il plaça les branches, qu'il avait pelées, dans les auges, dans les abreuvoirs, sous les yeux des brebis qui venaient boire, pour qu'elles entrassent en chaleur en venant boire.

39 Les brebis entraient en chaleur près des branches, et elles faisaient des petits rayés, tachetés et marquetés.

40 Jacob séparait les agneaux, et il mettait ensemble ce qui était rayé et tout ce qui était noir dans le troupeau de Laban. Il se fit ainsi des troupeaux à part, qu'il ne réunit point au troupeau de Laban.

41 Toutes les fois que les brebis vigoureuses entraient en chaleur, Jacob plaçait les branches dans les auges, sous les yeux des brebis, pour qu'elles entrassent en chaleur près des branches.

42 Quand les brebis étaient chétives, il ne les plaçait point; de sorte que les chétives étaient pour Laban, et les vigoureuses pour Jacob.

43 Cet homme devint de plus en plus riche; il eut du menu bétail en abondance, des servantes et des serviteurs, des chameaux et des ânes.

   

Komentář

 

Black

  

In Genesis 30:32, this signifies what is one's own. (Arcana Coelestia 3994)

In Joel 2:6, this signifies falsity from evil. (Apocalypse Explained 412[10])

Ze Swedenborgových děl

 

Arcana Coelestia # 3994

Prostudujte si tuto pasáž

  
/ 10837  
  

3994. 'And every black one among the lambs' means a proprium of innocence, which belongs to the good meant by 'Laban'. This is clear from the meaning of 'black' as the proprium, dealt with immediately above in 3993, and from the meaning of 'a lamb' as innocence, dealt with below. With regard to a proprium of innocence meant by 'black one among the lambs' the position is that, to be good, all good must contain innocence. Charity devoid of innocence is not charity, and still less can love to the Lord exist without it. Innocence is therefore an absolutely essential element of love and charity, and consequently of good. A proprium of innocence consists in knowing, acknowledging, and believing, not with the lips but with the heart, that nothing but evil originates in oneself, and everything good in the Lord, and therefore that such a proprium is altogether black, that is to say, both the will side of the proprium, which is evil, and the understanding side, which is falsity. When a person confesses and believes that in his heart, the Lord flows in with good and truth and instills a heavenly proprium into him which is bright and shining. Nobody can possibly be truly humble unless that acknowledgement and belief are present in his heart; and when they are present he is self-effacing, indeed self-loathing, and so is not preoccupied with himself, in which case he is in a fit state to receive the Lord's Divine. These are the circumstances in which the Lord flows in with good into a humble and contrite heart.

[2] Such is the proprium of innocence meant here by 'the black one among the lambs' which Jacob chose for himself, whereas 'the white one among the iambs' means the merit that is placed in good deeds - 'white' meaning merit, as stated above in 3993. Jacob did not choose this because it goes against innocence. Indeed anyone who places merit in good deeds acknowledges and believes that all good originates in himself, for he regards himself, not the Lord, in the good deeds he does and as a consequence seeks reward on the basis of that merit. For the same reason he also despises others in comparison with himself, indeed he even condemns them, and therefore to the same extent departs from heavenly order, that is, from good and truth. From all this it may be seen that charity towards the neighbour and love to the Lord are by no means able to exist unless they have innocence within them, and consequently that no one can enter heaven unless he possesses some degree of innocence, according to the Lord's words,

Truly I say to you, Whoever has not received the kingdom of God like a young child will not enter into it. Mark 10:15; Luke 18:17.

Here and elsewhere in the Word 'a young child' means innocence - see what has been stated already on these matters in the following paragraphs,

Early childhood is not innocence, but innocence resides in wisdom, 2305, 3494.

The nature of the innocence of early childhood, and the nature of the innocence of wisdom, 2306, 3183; also the nature of the proprium when, with innocence and charity, the Lord gives it life, 154.

Innocence causes good to be good, 2526, 2780.

[3] The fact that innocence is meant by 'lambs' may be seen from many places in the Word, of which let the following be quoted to confirm the point,

The wolf will dwell with the lamb, and the leopard will lie down with the kid, and the calf and the young lion and the ox together; and a little child will lead them. Isaiah 11:6.

This refers to the Lord's kingdom and to the state of peace and of innocence there. 'The wolf' stands for those who are opposed to innocence, 'the lamb' for those in whom innocence is present. A similar example occurs elsewhere in the same prophet,

The wolf and the lamb will feed together, and the lion will eat straw like the ox; and for the serpent, dust will be his bread. They will not hurt and will not destroy on all My holy mountain. Isaiah 65:25.

As above, 'the wolf' stands for those who are opposed to innocence, and 'the lamb' for those in whom innocence is present. Because 'the wolf' and 'the lamb' are opposites, the Lord also said to the seventy whom He sent out, in Luke,

Behold, I send you out as lambs in the midst of wolves. Luke 10:3.

In Moses,

He causes him to suck honey out of the crag, and oil out of the stony rock - butter from the cattle, and milk from the flock, with the fat of lambs and rams, the breed 1 of Bashan. Deuteronomy 32:13-14.

This refers in the internal sense to the celestial qualities of the Ancient Church. 'The fat of lambs' stands for the charity that goes with innocence.

[4] In the original language various nouns exist for lambs, and each is used to mean a different degree of innocence, for as has been stated, all good, if it is to be good, must have innocence within it. And so also must truth. Here in Genesis 30:32 the word used for lambs is also used for sheep, as in Leviticus 1:10; 3:7; 5:6; 17:3; 22:19; Numbers 18:17; and by that word is meant the innocence belonging to faith grounded in charity. Different words are used elsewhere, as in Isaiah,

Send the lamb of the ruler of the land from the rock towards the wilderness, to the mountain of the daughter of Zion. Isaiah 16:1.

A different word again is used in the same prophet,

The Lord Jehovih is coming with strength, and His arm will exercise dominion for Him. He will pasture His flock like a shepherd, He will gather the lambs into His arm, He will carry them in His bosom, and will lead those that give suck. Isaiah 40:9-11.

'Gathering the lambs into the arm and carrying in the bosom' stands for people who are governed by charity that has innocence within it.

[5] In John,

When He appeared [to the disciples] Jesus said to Peter, Simon, son of Jonah, do you love Me more than these? He said to Him, Yes, Lord; You know that I love You. He said to him, Feed My lambs. He said to him again, Simon, son of Jonah, do you love Me? He said to Him, Yes, Lord, You know that I love You. He said to him, Feed My sheep. John 21:15-16.

Here as elsewhere 'Peter' means faith - see the Prefaces to Chapters 18 and 22, and 3750. And since faith is not faith if it does not arise out of charity towards the neighbour, and so out of love to the Lord, neither are charity and love charity and love if they do not arise out of innocence. This is why the Lord first asks whether he loves Him, that is, whether love is present within faith, and after that says, 'Feed My lambs', that is, feed those who are innocent. Then after putting the same question again, He says, 'Feed My sheep', that is, feed those who have charity.

[6] Because the Lord is the Innocence itself which exists in His kingdom, for He is the source of all innocence, the Lord is therefore called the Lamb, as in John,

The next day John Baptist saw Jesus coming towards him, and said, Behold, the Lamb of God who bears away the sin of the world. John 1:29, 36.

And in Revelation,

They will fight with the Lamb, but the Lamb will overcome them, for He is Lord of lords, and King of kings, and those with Him have been called and chosen. Revelation 17:14.

There are other places in Revelation besides this - 5:6; 6:1, 16; 7:9, 14, 17; 12:11; 13:8; 14:1, 4; 19:7, 9; 21:22-23, 27; 22:1, 3. It is well known that in the highest sense the paschal lamb means the Lord - for the Passover meant the Lord's glorification, that is, His enduing the Human with the Divine - and in the representative sense means the regeneration of man. Indeed the paschal lamb means that which is the essential feature of regeneration, namely innocence; for nobody can be regenerated except by means of charity that has innocence within it.

[7] Because innocence is the first essential in the Lord's kingdom and is the celestial itself there, and because sacrifices and burnt offerings used to represent the spiritual and celestial things of the Lord's kingdom, the essential itself of the Lord's kingdom, which is innocence, was therefore represented by 'lambs'. This was why the continual or daily burnt offering was made from lambs, the first in the morning and the second 'between the evenings', Exodus 29:37-39; Numbers 28:3-4; and a double offering on the sabbath, Numbers 28:9-10; and many more lambs still at the appointed festivals, Leviticus 23:12; Numbers 28:11, 14, 19, 27; 28:1-end. After the days of her cleansing had been completed a woman who had given birth was required to offer a lamb as a burnt offering, also a young pigeon or else a turtledove, Leviticus 12:6. This was required in order that the sign of the fruit of conjugial love - a love which is innocence itself, see 2736 - might be represented, and because innocence is meant by 'babes'.

Poznámky pod čarou:

1. literally, sons

  
/ 10837  
  

Thanks to the Swedenborg Society for the permission to use this translation.