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Levitiko 5

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1 Se iu pekos per tio, ke li auxdos jxuron kaj estos atestanto, aux ke li vidos aux scios, sed ne sciigos kaj portos sur si la pekon;

2 aux se iu ektusxos ion malpuran, aux kadavrajxon de malpura besto, aux kadavrajxon de malpura bruto, aux kadavrajxon de malpura rampajxo, kaj li tion ne scios, kaj li malpurigxos kaj kulpigxos;

3 aux se iu ektusxos malpurajxon de homo, kia ajn estus tiu malpurajxo, per kiu oni malpurigxas, kaj li tion ne scios, kaj poste li sciigxos, kaj li estos kulpa;

4 aux se iu per nesingarda busxo jxuros fari ion malbonan aux bonan, kion ajn homo elesprimas per jxuro, kaj li tion ne rimarkos, kaj poste li sciigxos, kaj li estos kulpa pri io el tiuj aferoj:

5 se iu estos kulpa pri io el tiuj aferoj, li faru konfeson pri tio, kion li pekis;

6 kaj pro sia peko, kiun li pekis, li alportu al la Eternulo kiel propekan oferon inon el la malgrandaj brutoj, sxafinon aux kaprinon; kaj la pastro liberigos lin de lia peko.

7 Kaj se li ne estos suficxe bonstata, por alporti sxafinon, li alportu pro sia peko, kiun li pekis, du turtojn aux du kolombidojn al la Eternulo, unu kiel propekan oferon, la duan kiel bruloferon.

8 Li alportu ilin al la pastro, kaj cxi tiu prezentos antauxe tiun, kiu estos propeka ofero, kaj li tordorompos gxian kapon cxe la nuko, sed ne apartigos gxin;

9 kaj li aspergos per la sango de la propeka ofero la muron de la altaro, kaj la restintan sangon li elpremos cxe la bazo de la altaro; tio estas propeka ofero.

10 Kaj el la dua li faros bruloferon laux la reguloj; kaj la pastro liberigos lin de la peko, kiun li pekis, kaj estos pardonite al li.

11 Se li ne estos suficxe bonstata, por alporti du turtojn aux du kolombidojn, tiam li alportu kiel oferon pro sia peko dekonon de efo da delikata faruno, kiel propekan oferon; li ne versxu sur gxin oleon kaj ne metu sur gxin olibanon, cxar gxi estas propeka ofero.

12 Kaj li alportu gxin al la pastro, kaj la pastro prenos el gxi plenmanon kiel memorparton kaj bruligos sur la altaro kun la fajroferoj al la Eternulo; gxi estas propeka ofero.

13 Kaj la pastro liberigos lin de lia peko, kiun li pekis koncerne iun el tiuj aferoj, kaj estos pardonite al li; la restajxo estu por la pastro, kiel farunofero.

14 Kaj la Eternulo ekparolis al Moseo, dirante:

15 Se iu kulpigxos, pekante per eraro kontraux la sanktajxoj de la Eternulo, tiam li alportu kiel prokulpan oferon al la Eternulo virsxafon sendifektan el la malgrandaj brutoj, havantan laux via taksado la valoron de du sikloj, laux la sankta siklo; gxi estu prokulpa ofero.

16 Kaj pro la sanktajxo, kontraux kiu li pekis, li pagu, kaj li aldonu kvinonon de gxia valoro kaj donu tion al la pastro; kaj la pastro pekliberigos lin per la prokulpa virsxafo, kaj estos pardonite al li.

17 Kaj se iu pekos, farante iun el tiuj aferoj, kiujn la Eternulo malpermesis, sed li ne sciis kaj farigxis kulpa, kaj li portos sur si sian pekon:

18 tiam li alportu virsxafon sendifektan el la malgrandaj brutoj, laux via taksado, kiel kulpoferon al la pastro; kaj la pastro pekliberigos lin koncerne lian eraron, kiun li faris ne sciante, kaj estos pardonite al li.

19 GXi estas prokulpa ofero; li kulpigxis antaux la Eternulo.

   

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Arcana Coelestia # 10210

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10210. 'With the blood of the sin [offering] of expiations' means by means of truths which spring from the good of innocence. This is clear from the meaning of 'the blood' as Divine Truth, dealt with in 4735, 6978, 7317, 7326, 7846, 7850, 9127, 9393, 10026, 10033, 10047; and from the meaning of 'the sin [offering] of expiations', or the sin sacrifice by means of which expiation was made, as purification from evils and consequent falsities.

'Sin' is used to mean a sacrifice for sin, see 10039.

'Expiation' means purification from evils and consequent falsities, 9506.

The reason why this purification is accomplished by means of truths which spring from the good of innocence is that the blood with which the expiation was accomplished came from a young bull or from a lamb, and 'a young bull' means the good of innocence in the external man, 9391, 9990, 10132, 'a lamb' the good of innocence in the internal man, 10132; and innocence must be present if truth and good are to be received, 3111, 3994, 4797, 6013, 6765, 7836(end), 7840, 9262, 10134, as well as the places referred to in 10021. The good of innocence consists in acknowledging that all truths and forms of good come from the Lord and none at all from the human self or proprium; thus it consists in wishing to be led by the Lord and not by self. From this it is evident that the more a person trusts and believes in himself, thus the more he is ruled by self-love, the less the good of innocence is present in him. This is why a person cannot be purified from evils unless the good of innocence is present in him. For if this good is not present that person is led not by the Lord but by self; and anyone who is led by self is led by hell, since the human proprium is nothing but evil, and all evil belongs to hell. The fact that every expiation was accomplished with the blood either of a young bull, or of a lamb, or of turtle doves, that is, young pigeons, is clear in Moses, in Exodus 29:36; Leviticus 4:1-7, 13-18, 27-end; 5:1-7; 15:14, 24, 28-31; Numbers 6:9-11. 'Turtle doves' and 'young pigeons' as well mean the good of innocence.

  
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Thanks to the Swedenborg Society for the permission to use this translation.

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Arcana Coelestia # 9506

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9506. 'And you shall make a mercy-seat from pure gold' means the hearing and reception of all things that belong to worship arising from the good of love. This is clear from the meaning of 'the mercy-seat' as the cleansing from evils or forgiveness of sins, consequently the hearing and reception of all things that belong to worship, dealt with below; and from the meaning of 'gold' as the good of love, dealt with in 113, 1551, 1552, 5658, 6914. The truth that 'the mercy-seat' means the cleansing from evils and forgiveness of sins is clear from those places in the Word where propitiation or expiation is referred to. 1 The reason why the hearing and reception of all things belonging to worship is also meant is that only those who have made propitiation or expiation, that is, been cleansed from evils, are heard by the Lord and have their worship accepted by Him; it does not happen with those who are steeped in evils, that is, have not made expiation or propitiation. Therefore also Aaron was not allowed to approach the mercy-seat until he had been cleansed and had made propitiation for himself and the people.

[2] The truth that 'the mercy-seat' consequently means the hearing and reception of all things that belong to worship is also clear from the consideration that Jehovah spoke to Moses over the mercy-seat between the cherubs. The reason why worship arising from the good of love is that which is received is that no one is allowed to enter heaven and so approach the Lord other than a person who is governed by good, that is to say, by the good of love to the Lord and the good of charity towards the neighbour, see 8516, 8539, 8722, 8772, 9139, 9227, 9230, 9274; no one else is heard nor can anyone else's worship be received. This also explains why there were cherubs over the mercy-seat; for watchfulness and providence are meant by 'the cherubs', guarding against access to the Lord except through the good of love, that is, guarding against entrance into heaven by any apart from those who are governed by good, and also guarding against those in hell gaining access to the inhabitants of heaven and doing them harm. All this shows what was meant by the presence of the mercy-seat over the ark and by that of the cherubs over the mercy-seat, and by the fact that the mercy-seat and the cherubs too were made from pure gold; for 'gold' means the good of love, and 'the ark' heaven where the Lord is.

[3] The truth that 'the mercy-seat' means the cleansing from evils, and so the forgiveness of sins, is clear from places in the Word where 'propitiation' or 'expiation' 2 is referred to, as in David,

O Jehovah, expiate our sins for Your name's sake. Psalms 79:9.

In the same author,

He, being merciful, has expiated iniquity. Psalms 78:38.

In the same author,

You will expiate me with hyssop and I shall become clean; You will wash me and I shall be made whiter than snow. Psalms 51:7.

In Isaiah,

Evil will come upon you, which you will not know how to ward off; calamity will befall you, which you will not be able to expiate. Isaiah 47:11.

And in Moses,

Sing, O nations, the people of Him who will avenge the blood of His servants, and will expiate His land, His people. Deuteronomy 32:43.

[4] Expiations were effected by means of sacrifices; and it says that when they were offered the priest would expiate him from sin, and he would be pardoned, 3 Leviticus 4:26, 31, 35; 5:6, 10, 13, 16, 18; 6:7; 9:7; 15:15, 30. Expiation was also effected by 'silver', Exodus 30:16; Psalms 49:7. Hence also the day of expiations 4 before the feast of tabernacles, Leviticus 23:27-32. But it should be recognized that none of those expiations constituted a real cleansing from evils or forgiveness of sins; it only represented it. For every religious observance among the Israelite and Jewish nation was merely representative of the Lord, His kingdom and Church, and such realities as belong to heaven and the Church. How representations brought such realities to angels' awareness in heaven, see 9229.

[5] Since the cleansing from evils and forgiveness of sins was meant by 'the mercy-seat', the hearing and reception of all things that belonged to worship was also meant; for one who has been cleansed from evils is heard and his worship is received. This was represented by Jehovah's speaking above the mercy-seat to Moses and His commanding what the children of Israel should do, as is clear from verse 22 of the present chapter, where it says,

And I will meet with you there, and I will speak to you from above the mercy-seat, from between the two cherubs which are over the ark of the Testimony, [declaring] everything that I shall command you for the children of Israel.

The like occurs elsewhere,

Whenever Moses spoke to Jehovah he heard the voice speaking from above the mercy-seat that was over the ark of the Testimony, from between the two cherubs. Numbers 7:89.

The fact that a person was heard and his worship was received when he had been cleansed from evils was represented by Aaron's not going into the holy place within the veil before the mercy-seat unless he had first made expiation for himself and the people, by ceremonial washing, sacrifices, incense, and blood, as stated in Leviticus 16:2-16, which concludes,

In this way he shall expiate the holy place from the uncleannesses of the children of Israel, and from their transgressions in regard of all their sins.

It also says in verse 2 that Jehovah would appear at the mercy-seat 'in the cloud', meaning in Divine Truth adjusted to people's ability to receive and understand it, such as the Word is in the sense of the letter, 4060, 4391, 5922, 6343 (end), 6752, 8106, 8443, 8781.

Poznámky pod čarou:

1. The Latin word propitiatorium rendered the mercy-seat may be translated more literally as the place of propitiation.

2. The Hebrew verb behind expiate, used in an uncommon way in the following quotations, means cover over. The Latin verb generally means atone for or purify what is defiled.

3. i.e. the priest shall make atonement for the person's sin, and the person will stand forgiven

4. Generally known as the day of atonement

  
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Thanks to the Swedenborg Society for the permission to use this translation.