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Ezekiel 18

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1 Kaj aperis al mi vorto de la Eternulo, dirante:

2 Kial vi uzas cxe vi en la lando de Izrael cxi tiun proverbon kaj diras:La patroj mangxis nematurajn vinberojn, kaj la dentoj de la filoj agacigxis?

3 Kiel Mi vivas, diras la Sinjoro, la Eternulo, neniu plu uzos cxe vi tiun proverbon en Izrael.

4 Jen cxiuj animoj apartenas al Mi:kiel la animo de la patro, tiel ankaux la animo de la filo apartenas al Mi; tiu animo, kiu pekas, gxi mortos.

5 Sed se iu estas virta kaj agas lauxlegxe kaj juste;

6 ne mangxas sur la montoj kaj ne levas siajn okulojn al la idoloj de la domo de Izrael, ne malpurigas la edzinon de sia proksimulo kaj ne alproksimigxas al virino en la tempo de sxia monatajxo;

7 neniun perfortas, redonas al la sxuldanto lian garantiajxon, ne faras rabon, donas sian panon al malsatulo kaj nudulon kovras per vesto;

8 ne donas kontraux procentegoj kaj ne prenas troprofiton, detenas sian manon de maljustajxo, faras inter homo kaj homo jugxon justan;

9 sekvas Miajn legxojn kaj observas Miajn ordonojn, por plenumi ilin gxuste:tiu estas virtulo, kaj li certe vivos, diras la Sinjoro, la Eternulo.

10 Sed se li naskigis filon, kiu estas rabisto, versxas sangon, aux faras ion similan;

11 kaj cxion diritan li mem ne faras, sed li mangxas sur la montoj, malpurigas la edzinon de sia proksimulo;

12 perfortas malricxulon kaj senhavulon, faras rabadon, ne redonas garantiajxon, levas siajn okulojn al idoloj, faras abomenindajxon;

13 donas kontraux procentegoj, prenas troprofiton:cxu tia povas vivi? li ne devas vivi:cxar li faras cxiujn tiujn abomenindajxojn, li devas morti; lia sango estu sur li.

14 Sed jen li naskigis filon, kiu vidas cxiujn pekojn de sia patro, kiujn cxi tiu faras, kaj li timas, kaj ne faras ion similan:

15 sur la montoj li ne mangxas, siajn okulojn li ne levas al la idoloj de la domo de Izrael, la edzinon de sia proksimulo li ne malpurigas;

16 li neniun perfortas, garantiajxon ne prenas, rabadon ne faras, sian panon li donas al malsatulo kaj nudulon li kovras per vesto;

17 de premado de malricxulo detenas sian manon, procentegon kaj troprofiton ne prenas, plenumas Miajn ordonojn kaj sekvas Miajn legxojn:li ne mortos pro la pekoj de sia patro, sed li nepre vivos.

18 Kaj lia patro, cxar li faris kruelajxojn, prirabis fraton, kaj faris inter sia popolo tion, kio estas nebona:li mortos pro siaj malbonagoj.

19 Vi diros:Kial filo ne estas punata pro la malbonagoj de la patro? La filo agis gxuste kaj juste, observis cxiujn Miajn legxojn kaj plenumis ilin; tial li nepre vivos.

20 Tiu animo, kiu pekas, gxi mortos; filo ne suferos pro la malbonagoj de la patro, kaj patro ne suferos pro la malbonagoj de la filo; la virteco de virtulo estos sur li, kaj la malpieco de malpiulo estos sur li.

21 Sed se malpiulo deturnas sin de cxiuj siaj pekoj, kiujn li faris, kaj li observos cxiujn Miajn legxojn kaj agados gxuste kaj juste, tiam li vivos, li ne mortos.

22 CXiuj liaj malbonagoj, kiujn li faris, ne estos rememorataj; pro siaj bonaj agoj, kiujn li faris, li vivos.

23 CXu Mi deziras la morton de malpiulo? diras la Sinjoro, la Eternulo; kiam li deturnos sin de sia konduto, li ja vivos.

24 Kaj se virtulo deturnos sin de sia virteco kaj faros malbonagojn, agos simile al cxiuj abomenindajxoj, kiujn faras malpiulo:cxu li tiam povas vivi? CXiuj bonaj agoj, kiujn li faris, ne estos rememorataj; pro siaj krimoj, kiujn li faris, kaj pro siaj pekoj, kiujn li faris, pro ili li mortos.

25 Vi diros:Ne gxusta estas la maniero de agado de la Sinjoro. Auxskultu do, ho domo de Izrael:CXu Mia maniero de agado estas ne gxusta? Ne, via konduto estas ne gxusta.

26 Kiam virtulo deturnas sin de sia virteco kaj faras malbonagojn kaj mortas pro tio, tiam li mortas pro siaj malbonagoj, kiujn li faris.

27 Kaj kiam malpiulo deturnas sin de siaj malbonagoj, kiujn li faris, kaj li agas gxuste kaj juste, tiam li donas vivon al sia animo.

28 CXar li rigardis, kaj retiris sin de cxiuj siaj malbonagoj, kiujn li faris, tial li nepre vivos, li ne mortos.

29 La domo de Izrael diros:Ne gxusta estas la agadmaniero de la Sinjoro. CXu Mia agadmaniero estas ne gxusta, ho domo de Izrael? Ne, via agadmaniero estas ne gxusta.

30 Tial Mi jugxos vin, ho domo de Izrael, cxiun laux lia konduto, diras la Sinjoro, la Eternulo. Pentu kaj retiru vin de cxiuj viaj krimoj, por ke la malbonagoj ne estu por vi falilo.

31 Forjxetu de vi cxiujn viajn krimojn, per kiuj vi pekis, kaj faru al vi novan koron kaj novan spiriton. Kial vi mortu, ho domo de Izrael?

32 CXar Mi ne deziras la morton de mortanto, diras la Sinjoro, la Eternulo; konvertu vin kaj vivu.

   

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Arcana Coelestia # 3901

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3901. The reason why the final state of the Church is compared to eagles gathered together where there is a carcass or body is that 'eagles' means man's rational ideas. When used in reference to forms of good 'eagles' means true rational ideas, but when used in reference to forms of evil 'eagles' means false rational ideas, or reasonings. 'Birds' in general means a person's thoughts, and in both the genuine and the contrary senses, 40, 745, 776, 866, 991, 3219; and each species has some individual meaning, 'eagles' meaning rational ideas because they are high-flyers and sharp-sighted. This meaning may be seen from many places in the Word, from which let the following be brought forward to confirm it. First, places where true rational ideas are meant: in Moses,

Jehovah found His people [Jacob] in a wilderness land and in the emptiness, the howling, the lonely place He encompassed him, instructed him, and kept him as the pupil of His eye. As an eagle stirs up its nest, hovers over its young, spreads out its wings, takes one, carries it on its wings. Deuteronomy 32:10-11.

That which is described here and compared to the eagle is instruction in the truths and goods of faith. The actual process up to the point when a person becomes rational and spiritual is what this description and comparison contains. All comparisons in the Word are made by means of meaningful signs, in this case by 'the eagle', which means the rational.

[2] In the same author,

Jehovah said to Moses, You have seen the things which I did to the Egyptians, and I bore you on eagles' wings so that I might bring you to Myself. Exodus 19:3-4.

Here the meaning is similar. In Isaiah,

Those who await Jehovah will be renewed with strength; they will mount up with strong wings like eagles; they will run and not be weary, they will walk and not faint. Isaiah 40:31.

'Being renewed with strength' stands for growth in the willing of good, 'mounting up with strong wings like eagles' for growth in the understanding of truth, and so growth of the rational. Here, as elsewhere, dual expressions are used to present the subject, the first of a pair involving good which belongs to the will, the second truth which belongs to the understanding. 'Running and not being weary' and 'walking and not fainting' are similar dual expressions.

[3] In Ezekiel,

Speak a parable about the house of Israel, and say, Thus said the Lord Jehovih, A great eagle with long pinions, full of feathers, in its embroidery, came on Lebanon and took a twig of the cedar. He carried it into a land of trade, he placed it in a city of perfumers. It sprouted and became a spreading vine. There was another great eagle with great wings and full of feathers, towards which, behold, this vine directed its roots, and sent out its branches towards it to water it from the beds of its young plants in a good field, by many waters. But it will be laid waste. He sent his ambassadors to Egypt that they might give him horses and many people. Ezekiel 17:2-9, 15.

The eagle mentioned first stands for the rational enlightened by the Divine, the eagle mentioned second for the rational originating in the proprium, subsequently perverted by means of reasonings based on sensory evidence and factual knowledge - 'Egypt' standing for factual knowledge, 1164, 1165, 1186, 1462, and 'horses' for understanding resulting from all this, 2761, 2762, 3217.

[4] In Daniel,

A vision of Daniel. Four beasts came up out of the sea, different from one another. The first was like a lion, but had eagle's wings. I watched it until its wings were torn away and it was lifted up from the ground and made to stand on its feet like a human being; and the heart of a human being was given to it. Daniel 7:3-4.

That which is described by 'a lion which had eagle's wings' is the first state of the Church, 'eagle's wings' in this case meaning rational ideas originating in the proprium. And when these had been removed, rational ideas and desires in the will which had a Divine origin were given to it. These are meant by the lifting up of the eagle from the ground and the standing of it on its feet like a human being, and the gift to it of the heart of a human being.

[5] In Ezekiel,

As for the likeness of the faces of the four living creatures or cherubs, each of the four had the face of a human being, and the face of a lion on the right side; and each of the four the face of an ox on the left side; and each of the four had the face of an eagle. Ezekiel 1:10.

Their wheels were called Galgal; and each one had four faces - the first face was the face of a cherub, the second face the face of a human being, the third the face of a lion, and the fourth the face of an eagle. Ezekiel 10:13-14.

In John,

Around the throne were four living creatures full of eyes in front and behind. The first living creature was like a lion, the second living creature was like a calf, the third living creature had a face like a human being, the fourth living creature was like a flying eagle. Revelation 4:7.

Clearly, those living creatures that were seen mean Divine arcana, as consequently does the likeness of their faces. But exactly which arcana are meant cannot be known unless one knows what 'lion', 'calf', 'human being', and 'eagle' mean in the internal sense. It is evident that 'the face of an eagle' means vigilance and therefore providence, for the cherubs who were represented by the living creatures in Ezekiel mean the Lord's providence which guards against anyone entering the mysteries of faith from himself and his own rationality as the starting point, see 308. This also shows that when 'an eagle' is used in reference to a human being the rational is meant in the internal sense. It has this meaning because an eagle is a high-flyer and from its more exalted position has a wide view of things below.

[6] In Job,

Is it through your intelligence that the hawk flies up and spreads its wings towards the south? Is it at your command 1 that the eagle lifts itself up and makes its nest up high? Job 39:26-27.

In this verse it is evident that 'the eagle' means reason which is an attribute of intelligence. This was what 'eagle' meant in the Ancient Church, for the Book of Job is a book of the Ancient Church, 3540 (end). In fact the writing of almost all the books of that period involved the use of meaningful signs, but with the passage of time meaningful signs have been so eclipsed that it is not even known that 'birds' in general means thoughts, even though these are referred to many times in the Word and in those places quite clearly is meant something different from birds.

[7] As regards 'the eagle' in the contrary sense meaning rational ideas that are not true, and so are false, this is evident from the following places: In Moses,

Jehovah will raise up above you a nation from far away, from the end of the earth, as an eagle flies, a nation whose language you do not understand, a hard-faced nation. Deuteronomy 28:49-50.

In Jeremiah,

Behold, he comes up [like] clouds, and his chariots like a whirlwind; his horses are swifter than eagles. Woe to us, for we have been laid waste! Jeremiah 4:13.

In the same prophet,

Your bragging has deceived you, and the pride of your heart, you who dwell in the clefts of the rock, who hold the height of the hill; because, like the eagle, you have made your nest up high, I will cast you down from there. Behold, he mounts up and flies like an eagle, and spreads his wings over Bozrah; and the heart of the powerful men of Edom has become on that day like the heart of a woman in distress. Jeremiah 49:16, 22.

In the same prophet,

Our pursuers were swifter than eagles; they pursued us over the mountains, they laid in wait for us in the wilderness. Lamentations 4:19.

In Micah,

Make yourself bald, and shave your head for the children of your delight; extend your baldness like an eagle, for they have departed from you. Micah 1:16.

In Obadiah,

If you raise yourself up like the eagle, and if you place your nest among the stars, I will bring you down from there. Obad. verse 4.

In Habakkuk,

I am rousing the Chaldeans, a bitter and headlong nation, marching into the breadths of the earth, to inherit habitations that are not its own. Its horses are swifter than leopards. 2 Its horsemen will come from afar. They will fly in like an eagle hastening to devour. Habakkuk 1:6, 8.

[8] In all these places 'eagles' means falsity that has been introduced through reasonings - the delusions of the senses and external appearances being the source of that falsity. 'The Chaldeans' referred to in the last of the Prophets quoted means people who outwardly are holy but inwardly are under the influence of falsity, see 1368, and these like Babel are those who lay waste the Church, 1367. 'The breadths of the earth' means truths (the vastation of which is meant by 'marching into the breadths of the earth') see 3433, 3434, and 'horses' their intellectual concepts, which are similar, 2761, 2762, 3217. What is meant by 'an eagle hastening to devour' is clear from all this, namely a hastening to make man desolate of truths, for the desolation of the Church is the subject in these verses. Comparisons are made with eagles, but as has been stated, comparisons in the Word are made by means of meaningful signs. From all this one may now see what is meant by the comparison with the eagles which will be gathered together where the carcass is.

Poznámky pod čarou:

1. literally, mouth

2. The Latin means eagles, but the Hebrew means leopards, which Swedenborg has in other places where he quotes this verse.

  
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Thanks to the Swedenborg Society for the permission to use this translation.

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Hosea 11:11

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11 They will come trembling like a bird out of Egypt, and like a dove out of the land of Assyria; and I will settle them in their houses," says Yahweh.