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2 Samuelo 13

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1 Poste okazis jeno:Absxalom, filo de David, havis belan fratinon, kies nomo estis Tamar; sxin ekamis Amnon, filo de David.

2 Kaj Amnon suferis multe kaj preskaux malsanigxis pro sia fratino Tamar; cxar sxi estis virgulino, kaj al Amnon sxajnis malfacile fari ion al sxi.

3 Sed Amnon havis amikon, kies nomo estis Jonadab, filo de SXimea, frato de David; kaj Jonadab estis homo tre sagxa.

4 Kaj li diris al li:Kial vi tiel malgrasigxas, ho regxido, kun cxiu tago? cxu vi ne diros al mi? Kaj Amnon diris al li:Tamaron, fratinon de mia frato Absxalom, mi amas.

5 Tiam Jonadab diris al li:Kusxigxu en vian liton, kaj sxajnigu vin malsana; kaj kiam venos via patro, por vidi vin, diru al li:Mi petas, ke mia fratino Tamar venu, kaj sxi donu al mi mangxi kaj sxi pretigu antaux mi la mangxajxon, por ke mi vidu kaj mi mangxu el sxiaj manoj.

6 Amnon kusxigxis, kaj sxajnigis sin malsana; kaj venis la regxo, por vidi lin, kaj Amnon diris al la regxo:Mi petas, ke venu mia fratino Tamar, kaj ke sxi pretigu antaux miaj okuloj du kuketojn, por ke mi mangxu el sxiaj manoj.

7 Tiam David sendis al Tamar en la domon, por diri:Iru, mi petas, en la domon de via frato Amnon, kaj pretigu al li mangxajxon.

8 Kaj Tamar iris en la domon de sia frato Amnon; li kusxis. Kaj sxi prenis paston, knedis gxin, preparis antaux liaj okuloj, kaj bakis la kuketojn.

9 Kaj sxi prenis la paton, kaj elskuis antaux li; sed li ne volis mangxi. Kaj Amnon diris:Forigu de mi cxiujn. Kaj cxiuj eliris de li.

10 Tiam Amnon diris al Tamar:Alportu la mangxajxon en la internan cxambron, por ke mi mangxu el viaj manoj. Tamar prenis la kuketojn, kiujn sxi faris, kaj alportis ilin al sia frato Amnon en la internan cxambron.

11 Sed, kiam sxi ilin alportis al li por mangxi, li kaptis sxin, kaj diris al sxi:Venu, kusxigxu kun mi, mia fratino.

12 Tiam sxi diris al li:Ne, mia frato, ne perfortu min; cxar tiel ne estas farate en Izrael; ne faru tian malnoblajxon.

13 Kien mi irus kun mia malhonoro? kaj vi farigxus kiel iu el la malnobluloj en Izrael. Parolu kun la regxo, mi petas; kaj li ne rifuzos min al vi.

14 Sed li ne volis obei sxiajn vortojn, kaj kaptis sxin kaj perfortis sxin kaj kusxis kun sxi.

15 Post tio Amnon ekmalamis sxin per tre granda malamo; pli granda estis la malamo, kiun li eksentis al sxi, ol la amo, kiun li antauxe havis por sxi. Kaj Amnon diris al sxi:Levigxu, foriru.

16 Kaj sxi diris al li:Se vi forpelas min, tiam cxi tiu granda malbono estas pli granda, ol la alia, kiun vi faris al mi. Sed li ne volis auxskulti sxin.

17 Kaj li alvokis sian junulon-servanton, kaj diris:Forpelu de mi cxi tiun for, kaj sxlosu la pordon post sxi.

18 SXi havis sur si diverskoloran veston, cxar per tiaj tunikoj vestadis sin la filinoj de la regxo. Kaj lia servanto elkondukis sxin eksteren kaj sxlosis la pordon post sxi.

19 Tiam Tamar prenis cindron sur sian kapon, kaj la diverskoloran veston, kiu estis sur sxi, sxi dissxiris; kaj sxi metis sian manon sur sian kapon, kaj iris kaj kriis.

20 Kaj diris al sxi sxia frato Absxalom:CXu via frato Amnon estis kun vi? nun, mia fratino, silentu; li estas via frato; ne tro afliktigxu pro tiu afero. Kaj Tamar restis malgxoja en la domo de sia frato Absxalom.

21 Kiam la regxo David auxdis cxion cxi tion, li tre koleris.

22 Absxalom parolis kun Amnon nek malbonon nek bonon; cxar Absxalom malamis Amnonon pro tio, ke li perfortis lian fratinon Tamar.

23 Okazis post du jaroj, ke oni tondis la sxafojn cxe Absxalom en Baal- HXacor, kiu estas apud Efraim; kaj Absxalom invitis cxiujn filojn de la regxo.

24 Kaj Absxalom venis al la regxo, kaj diris:Jen oni tondas cxe via sklavo; mi petas, ke la regxo kun siaj servantoj venu al via sklavo.

25 Sed la regxo diris al Absxalom:Ne, mia filo, ni ne iros cxiuj, por ke ni ne estu sxargxo por vi. Tiu insiste lin petis; sed li ne volis iri, li nur benis lin.

26 Tiam Absxalom diris:Se ne, tiam almenaux mia frato Amnon iru kun ni. Kaj la regxo diris al li:Por kio li iru kun vi?

27 Sed Absxalom insiste lin petis; tial li lasis iri kun li Amnonon kaj cxiujn filojn de la regxo.

28 Kaj Absxalom ordonis al siaj servantoj jene:Rigardu, mi petas, kiam la koro de Amnon gajigxos de vino, kaj mi diros al vi, ke vi frapu Amnonon, tiam mortigu lin, ne timu; cxar ja mi ordonis al vi; estu senhezitaj kaj kuragxaj.

29 Kaj la servantoj de Absxalom faris al Amnon, kiel ordonis Absxalom. Tiam levigxis cxiuj filoj de la regxo, kaj sidigxis cxiu sur sia mulo kaj forkuris.

30 Kiam ili estis ankoraux sur la vojo, al David venis la famo, ke Absxalom mortigis cxiujn filojn de la regxo kaj neniu el ili restis.

31 La regxo levigxis, kaj dissxiris siajn vestojn, kaj kusxigxis sur la tero; kaj cxiuj liaj servantoj staris kun dissxiritaj vestoj.

32 Tiam ekparolis Jonadab, filo de SXimea, frato de David, kaj diris:Mia sinjoro ne diru, ke cxiuj junuloj filoj de la regxo estas mortigitaj; cxar nur Amnon sola mortis; cxar cxe Absxalom tio estis decidita de post la tago, kiam tiu perfortis lian fratinon Tamar.

33 Kaj nun mia sinjoro la regxo ne atentu la famon, kiu diras, ke cxiuj filoj de la regxo mortis; nur Amnon sola mortis.

34 Dume Absxalom forkuris. La gardostaranta servanto levis siajn okulojn, kaj ekvidis, ke multe da homoj iras de la vojo malantauxa laux la deklivo de la monto.

35 Kaj Jonadab diris al la regxo:Jen la filoj de la regxo venas; kiel via sklavo diris, tiel farigxis.

36 Kiam li finis paroli, venis la filoj de la regxo, kaj ili levis sian vocxon kaj ploris; kaj ankaux la regxo kaj cxiuj liaj servantoj ploris per tre granda ploro.

37 Sed Absxalom forkuris, kaj venis al Talmaj, filo de Amihud, regxo de Gesxur. Kaj David funebris pro sia filo dum la tuta tempo.

38 Absxalom forkuris, kaj iris Gesxuron, kaj restis tie dum tri jaroj.

39 Kaj la regxo David forte sopiris al Absxalom; cxar li konsoligxis pri la morto de Amnon.

   

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Arcana Coelestia # 4763

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4763. 'And he rent his clothes' means mourning. This is clear from the meaning of 'rending clothes' as mourning, that is to say, mourning on account of the loss of truth, or the fact that no faith exists. In the Word, especially the historical part, one often reads about people rending their clothes, but the origin of that practice is not known at the present day. Nor is it known that it was representative of grief on account of the loss of truth. This practice became representative from the fact that 'clothes' meant truths, as has been shown and may be seen in 4545. Further on in this chapter it is also said that when Jacob recognized his son's tunic he rent his clothes, verse 34, by which mourning for lost truth is meant. Similar instances of this practice occur elsewhere in the Word, where it is stated that when the Rabshakeh was sent by Sennacherib king of Asshur and uttered insults against Jerusalem, Eliakim who was over the king's house, and Shebna the secretary, and Joash the recorder 1 rent their clothes and reported these things to king Hezekiah; and when he heard them the king too rent his clothes and covered himself with sackcloth, Isaiah 36:22; 37:1; 2 Kings 18:37; 19:1. The insults he uttered were directed against God, the king, and Jerusalem, and so against Divine Truth, as is even more evident from the internal sense of this narrative. It was to express mourning therefore that their clothes were rent.

[2] When Jehudi had read before the king the scroll which Jeremiah wrote, it is said that he threw it into the fire, but the king and his servants who were listening to all those words did not tear their clothes apart, Jeremiah 36:23-24. 'They did not tear their clothes apart' meant that they did not mourn on account of the non-acceptance of Divine Truth. Something similar is implied by Joshua the son of Nun and Caleb the son of Jephunneh rending their clothes, when the spies spoke in opposition to them, by speaking unfavourably about the land of Canaan, Numbers 14:6; for 'the land of Canaan' means the Lord's kingdom, and 'to speak in opposition to this' describes falsity in opposition to Divine Truth. Mourning over the loss of Divine Truth and Divine Good is meant where it is said, in 1 Samuel 4:11-12, that when the ark of God was captured by the Philistines and both of Eli's sons died, a man ran from the line of battle to Shiloh, with rent clothes and dust on his head. Because 'the ark' represented the Lord's kingdom, and in the highest sense the Lord Himself, and consequently represented everything holy in the Church, 'rent clothes' meant grief over the loss of Divine Truth, while 'dust on his head' meant grief over the loss of Divine Good.

[3] In the narrative about Samuel and Saul one reads,

When Samuel turned to go away Saul took hold of the skirt of his tunic, and it was torn away. Therefore Samuel said to him, Jehovah has torn the kingdom of Israel from upon you this day and has given it to your companion. I will not return with you, for you have rejected the word of Jehovah, and Jehovah has rejected you from being king over Israel. 1 Samuel 15:26-28.

The tearing away by Saul of the skirt of Samuel's tunic represented that which Samuel then stated - that the kingdom would be torn from him and that he would not be the king of Israel any longer. For 'the kingdom' in the internal sense means Divine Truth, 1672, 2547, 4691, as also does 'king' and 'kingship', 1672, 1728, 2015, 2069, 3009, 3670, 4575, 4581, especially the king and the kingdom of Israel, since 'Israel' represented the Lord's kingship. The meaning is similar in what is recorded concerning Jeroboam and Ahijah the prophet,

When Jeroboam went out of Jerusalem, and Ahijah the prophet found him on the road, when he was covered with a new garment and both were alone in the field, Ahijah took hold of the new garment that was on him and rent it into twelve pieces; and he said to Jeroboam, Take for yourself ten pieces; for thus said Jehovah, the God of Israel, behold, I am rending [the kingdom] from the hand of Solomon and I will give you ten tribes. 1 Kings 11:29-31.

[4] The second Book of Samuel likewise records that when Saul was killed in battle they tore their clothes apart,

When Saul was killed in battle, on the third day a man came from the camp, whose clothes had been rent. And when David heard about the death of Saul, David took hold of his garments and tore them apart; and so did all his servants who were with him. 2 Samuel 1:2, 10-12.

This too represented mourning because of Divine Truth, lost and cast away by those who adhered to faith separated from charity. For as stated above, 'kingship' meant Divine Truth, while 'the Philistines' by whom Saul was slain represented adherents to faith separated from charity, 1197, 1198, 3412, 3413. The same is also evident from David's lament over him, in verses 18-27 of the same chapter.

[5] When Absalom had slain Amnon his brother and the news reached David that Absalom had slain all the king's sons, David tore his clothes apart and lay on the ground; and all his servants standing by tore their clothes apart, 2 Samuel 13:28, 30-31. This too was done for the sake of the representation that truths from the Divine were lost, those truths being meant in the internal sense by 'the king's sons'. A similar meaning exists in the reference to Hushai the Archite who with his tunic torn apart came to meet David when he fled from Absalom, 2 Samuel 15:32; for in the Word 'a king', and in particular David, represents Divine Truth. The meaning is also very similar in the reference to Ahab, who tore his clothes apart and put sackcloth over his flesh when Elijah told Ahab the king of Israel the words of Jehovah, to the effect that he would be completely wiped out for the evil he had done, 1 Kings 21:27-29.

[6] The fact that tearing apart or rending clothes represented mourning the loss of Truth is additionally clear from the following: Hilkiah the priest found the Book of the law in the house of Jehovah. When Shaphan read it before king Josiah and the king heard the words of the Book of the law, he tore his clothes apart, 2 Kings 22:11. Plainly the king did so because the Word, that is, Divine truth, had been lost for so long and in their hearts and life had been blotted out.

[7] The tearing apart of his own clothes by the high priest, when the Lord confessed He was the Christ the Son of God, and his declaration that He had spoken utter blasphemy, Matthew 26:63-65; Mark 14:63-64, meant that the high priest was absolutely convinced that the Lord had spoken against the Word and so against Divine truth. When Elijah went up in the whirlwind, and Elisha saw it, it is said,

He took hold of his own clothes and tore them into two pieces. And he took up Elijah's tunic that had fallen from upon him, and he struck the waters and they were divided this way and that, and Elisha went over. 2 Kings 2:11-14.

Elisha tore his own clothes apart at that time to express mourning the loss of the Word, that is, of Divine Truth; for 'Elijah' represents the Lord as regards the Word, that is, Divine Truth, 2762. When the tunic fell from Elijah and was picked up by Elisha, the continuation of Elijah's representation by Elisha was represented, 'the tunic' meaning Divine Truth, see 4677. This also explains why the garment torn apart when such mourning took place was the tunic, as is evident from some of the places that have been quoted. Because 'a garment' meant the truth possessed by the Church, and in the highest sense Divine Truth, it was therefore shameful, except when one was mourning, to go about with clothes that were torn. This is evident from what was done to David's servants by Hanun king of the children of Ammon, when he cut off half the beard of each one, and their garments at the middle even to their buttocks, for which reason they were not allowed to come to David, 2 Samuel 10:4-5.

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Arcana Coelestia # 4581

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4581. 'And he poured out a drink-offering onto it' means the Divine Good of Truth. This is clear from the meaning of 'a drink-offering' as the Divine Good of Truth, dealt with below. But first one must say what the good of truth is. The good of truth is that which elsewhere has been called the good of faith, which is love towards the neighbour, or charity. There are two universal kinds of good, the first being that which is called the good of faith, the second that which is referred to as the good of love. The good of faith is the kind of good meant by 'a drink-offering', and the good of love the kind meant by 'oil'. The good of love exists with those whom the Lord brings to what is good by an internal way, while the good of faith exists with those He brings to it by an external way. The good of love exists with members of the celestial Church, and likewise with angels of the inmost or third heaven, but the good of faith with members of the spiritual Church, and likewise with angels of the middle or second heaven. Consequently the first kind of good is called celestial good, whereas the second kind is called spiritual good. The difference between the two is, on the one hand, willing what is good out of a will for good and, on the other, willing what is good out of an understanding of it. The second kind of good therefore - spiritual good or the good of faith, which is the good of truth - is meant by 'a drink-offering'; but the first - celestial good or the good of love - is meant in the internal sense by 'oil'.

[2] Nobody, it is true, can see that such things as these were meant by 'oil' and 'a drink-offering' unless he does so from the internal sense. Yet anyone may see that things of a holy nature were represented by them, for unless those holy things were represented by them what else would pouring out a drink-offering or pouring oil onto a stone pillar be but some ridiculous and idolatrous action? It is like the coronation of a king. What else would the ceremonies performed on that occasion be if they did not mean and imply things of a holy nature - placing the crown on his head; anointing him with oil from a horn, on his forehead and on his wrists; placing a sceptre in his hand, as well as a sword and keys; investing him with a purple robe, and then seating him on a silver throne; and after that, his riding in his regalia on a horse, and later still his being served at table by men of distinction, besides many other ceremonies? Unless these represented things of a holy nature and were themselves holy by virtue of their correspondence with the things of heaven and consequently of the Church, they would be no more than the kind of games that young children play, though on a grander scale, or else like plays that are performed on the stage.

[3] But all those ceremonies trace their origin back to most ancient times when ceremonies were holy by virtue of their representation of things that were holy and of their correspondence with holy things in heaven and consequently in the Church. Even today they are considered holy, though not because people know their spiritual representation and correspondence but through the interpretation so to speak they put on symbols in common use. If however people did know what the crown, oil, horn, sceptre, sword, keys, purple robe, silver throne, riding on a white horse, and eating while men of distinction act as the servers, all represented and to what holy thing each corresponded, they would conceive of those things in an even holier way. But they do not know, and surprisingly do not wish to know; indeed that lack of knowledge is so great that the representatives and the meaningful signs included within such ceremonies and within every part of the Word have been obliterated from people's minds at the present day.

[4] The fact that 'a drink-offering' means the good of truth, or spiritual good, may be seen from the sacrifices in which drink-offerings were used. When sacrifices were offered they were made either from the herd or from the flock, and they were representative of internal worship of the Lord, 922, 923, 1823, 2180, 2805, 2807, 2830, 3519. To these the minchah and the drink-offering were added. The minchah, which consisted of fine flour mixed with oil, meant celestial good, or what amounted to the same, the good of love - 'the oil' meaning love to the Lord and 'the fine flour' charity towards the neighbour. But the drink-offering, which consisted of wine, meant spiritual good, or what amounted to the same, the good of faith. Both these therefore, the minchah and the drink-offering, have the same meaning as the bread and wine in the Holy Supper.

[5] The addition of a minchah and a drink-offering to a burnt offering or to a sacrifice is clear in Moses,

You shall offer two lambs in their first year, each day continually. One lamb you shall offer in the morning, and the second you shall offer between the evenings; and a tenth of fine flour mixed with beaten oil, a quarter of a hin, and a drink-offering of a quarter of a hin of wine, for the first lamb; and so also for the second lamb. Exodus 29:38-41.

In the same author,

You shall offer on the day when you wave the sheaf of the firstfruits of the harvest a lamb without blemish in its first year as a burnt offering to Jehovah, its minchah being two tenths of fine flour mixed with oil, and its drink-offering wine, a quarter of a hin. Leviticus 23:12-13, 18.

In the same author,

On the day when the days of Naziriteship are completed he is to offer his gift to Jehovah, sacrifices and also a basket of unleavened [loaves] of fine flour, cakes mingled with oil, and unleavened wafers anointed with oil, together with their minchah and their drink-offerings. Numbers 6:13-17.

In the same author,

Upon the burnt offering they shall offer a minchah of a tenth [of an ephah] of fine flour mixed with a quarter of a hin of oil, and wine as the drink-offering, a quarter of a hin - in one way upon the burnt offering of a ram, and in another upon that of a bull. Numbers 15:3-11.

In the same author,

With the continual burnt offering you shall offer a drink-offering, a quarter of a hin for a lamb; in the holy place pour out a drink-offering of wine to Jehovah. Numbers 28:6-7.

Further references to minchahs and drink-offerings in the different kinds of sacrifices are continued in Numbers 28:7-end; 29:1-end.

[6] The meaning that 'minchah and drink-offering' had may be seen in addition from the considerations that love and faith constitute the whole of worship, and that in the Holy Supper 'the bread' - described in the quotations above as fine flour mixed with oil - and 'the wine' mean love and faith, and so the whole of worship, dealt with in 1798, 2165, 2177, 2187, 2343, 2359, 3464, 3735, 3813, 4211, 4217.

[7] But when people fell away from the genuine representative kind of worship of the Lord and turned to other gods and poured out drink-offerings to these, 'drink-offerings' came to mean things that were the reverse of charity and faith, namely the evils and falsities that go with the love of the world; as in Isaiah,

You inflamed yourselves among the gods under every green tree. You have also poured out a drink-offering to them, you have brought a minchah. Isaiah 57:5-6.

'Inflaming oneself among the gods' stands for cravings for falsity - 'gods' meaning falsities, 4402 (end), 4544. 'Under every green tree' stands for the trust in all falsities which leads to those cravings, 2722, 4552. 'Pouring out a drink-offering to them' and 'bringing a minchah' stand for the worship of those falsities. In the same prophet,

You who forsake Jehovah, who forget My holy mountain, who set a table for Gad, and fill a drink-offering for Meni. Isaiah 65:11.

In Jeremiah,

The sons gather pieces of wood, and the fathers kindle fire, and the women knead dough to make cakes for the queen of heaven, and to pour out drink-offerings to other gods. Jeremiah 7:18.

[8] In the same prophet,

We will surely do every word that has gone out of our mouth, to burn incense to the queen of heaven, and to pour out drink-offerings to her, as we did, we and our fathers, and our princes in the cities of Judah and in the streets of Jerusalem. Jeremiah 44:17-19.

'The queen of heaven' stands for all falsities, for 'the hosts of heaven' in the genuine sense means truths, and in the contrary sense falsities, and so in the same way do 'king' and 'queen'. 'Queen' accordingly stands for all [falsities] and 'pouring out drink-offerings to her' means worshipping them.

[9] In the same prophet,

The Chaldeans will burn the city, and the houses upon whose roofs they have burned incense to Baal and poured out drink-offerings to other gods. Jeremiah 32:29.

'The Chaldeans' stands for people whose worship involves falsity. 'Burning the city' stands for destroying and laying waste those whose doctrines teach falsity. Upon the roofs of the houses burning incense to Baal' stands for the worship of what is evil, 'pouring out drink-offerings to other gods' for the worship of what is false.

[10] In Hosea,

They will not dwell in Jehovah's land, but Ephraim will return to Egypt, and in Assyria they will eat what is unclean. They will not pour libations of wine to Jehovah. Hosea 9:3-4.

'Not dwelling in Jehovah's land' stands for not abiding in the good of love. 'Ephraim will return to Egypt' stands for the Church when its understanding will come to be no more than factual and sensory knowledge. 'In Assyria they will eat what is unclean' stands for impure and profane desires that are the product of reasoning. 'They will not pour libations of wine to Jehovah' stands for no worship based on truth.

[11] In Moses,

It will be said, Where are their gods, the rock in which they trusted, who ate the fat of the sacrifices, [who] drank the wine of their drink-offering? Let them rise up and help them! Deuteronomy 32:37-38.

'Gods' stands for falsities, as above. 'Who ate the fat of the sacrifices' stands for their destruction of the good belonging to worship, '[who] drank the wine of their drink-offering' for their destruction of the truth belonging to it. A reference to 'drink-offerings of blood' also occurs in David,

They will multiply their pains; they have hastened to another, lest I pour out their drink-offerings of blood, and take up their names upon My lips. Psalms 16:4.

By these 'drink-offerings' are meant profanations of truth, for in this case 'blood' means violence done to charity, 374, 1005, and profanation, 1003.

  
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Thanks to the Swedenborg Society for the permission to use this translation.