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Soudců 9

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1 Nebo odšed Abimelech syn Jerobálův do Sichem k bratřím matky své, mluvil k nim i ke vší čeledi domu otce matky své, řka:

2 Mluvte, prosím, ke všechněm mužům Sichemským: Co jest lépe vám, to-li, aby panovalo nad vámi sedmdesáte mužů, totiž všickni synové Jerobálovi, čili aby panoval nad vámi muž jeden? Pamatujte pak, že jsem já kost vaše a tělo vaše.

3 Tedy mluvili bratří matky jeho o něm ke všechněm mužům Sichemským všecka slova tato, a naklonilo se srdce jejich k Abimelechovi, nebo řekli: Bratr náš jest.

4 I dali jemu sedmdesáte lotů stříbra z domu Bále Berit, na něž sobě najal Abimelech služebníky, povaleče a tuláky, aby chodili za ním.

5 A přišed do domu otce svého do Ofra, zmordoval bratří své, syny Jerobálovy, sedmdesáte mužů, na jednom kameni; toliko zůstal Jotam syn Jerobálův nejmladší, nebo se byl skryl.

6 Tedy shromáždili se všickni muži Sichemští i všecken dům Mello, i šli, a ustanovili sobě Abimelecha za krále na rovinách u sloupu, kterýž jest u Sichem.

7 To když pověděli Jotamovi, odejda, postavil se na vrchu hory Garizim, a pozdvihna hlasu svého, volal, a řekl jim: Poslyšte mne muži Sichemští, a uslyš vás Bůh.

8 Sešlo se některého času dříví, aby pomazalo nad sebou krále. I řekli olivě: Kraluj nad námi.

9 Jimžto odpověděla oliva: Zdali já, opustě svou tučnost, kterouž ctěn bývá Bůh i lidé, půjdu, abych byla postavena nad stromy?

10 I řeklo dříví fíku: Poď ty a kraluj nad námi.

11 Jimž odpověděl fík: Zdali já, opustě sladkost svou a ovoce své výborné, půjdu, abych postaven byl nad stromy?

12 Řeklo opět dříví vinnému kořenu: Poď ty a kraluj nad námi.

13 Jimž odpověděl vinný kořen: Zdali já, opustě své víno, kteréž obveseluje Boha i lidi, půjdu, abych postaven byl nad stromy?

14 Naposledy řeklo všecko dříví bodláku: Poď ale ty a kraluj nad námi.

15 I odpověděl bodlák dříví: Jestliže v pravdě béřete vy mne sobě za krále, poďte, odpočívejte pod stínem mým; pakli nic, vyjdi oheň z bodláku a spal cedry Libánské.

16 Tak i nyní, jestliže jste právě a upřímě učinili, ustavivše Abimelecha za krále, a jestliže jste dobře učinili Jerobálovi a domu jeho, a jestliže podlé dobrodiní rukou jeho odplatili jste se jemu;

17 (Nebo otec můj bojoval za vás a opovážil se života svého, aby vás vysvobodil z ruky Madianských,

18 Vy pak teď povstali jste proti domu otce mého, a zmordovali jste syny jeho, sedmdesáte mužů na jednom kameni, a ustanovili jste krále Abimelecha, syna děvky jeho, nad muži Sichemskými, proto že bratr váš jest);

19 Jestliže, řku, právě a upřímě udělali jste Jerobálovi i domu jeho dne tohoto, veselte se z Abimelecha, a on také nechť se veselí z vás;

20 Pakli nic, nechť vyjde oheň z Abimelecha a sžíře muže Sichemské i dům Mello, nechť vyjde také oheň od mužů Sichemských a z domu Mello a sžíře Abimelecha.

21 Tedy utekl Jotam, a utíkaje, odšel do Beera, a zůstal tam, boje se Abimelecha bratra svého.

22 I panoval Abimelech nad Izraelem tři léta.

23 Poslal pak Bůh ducha zlého mezi Abimelecha a mezi muže Sichemské, a zpronevěřili se muži Sichemští Abimelechovi,

24 Aby pomštěna byla křivda sedmdesáti synů Jerobálových, a aby krev jejich přišla na Abimelecha bratra jejich, kterýž zmordoval je, a na muže Sichemské, kteříž posilnili rukou jeho, aby zmordoval bratří své.

25 Nebo učinili muži Sichemští jemu zálohy na vrších hor, a loupili všecky chodíci mimo ně tou cestou; kterážto věc povědína jest Abimelechovi.

26 Syn pak Ebedův Gál, jda s bratřími svými, přišel do Sichem, i těšili se z něho muži Sichemští.

27 A vyšedše na pole, sbírali víno své a tlačili i veselili se; a všedše do chrámu bohů svých, jedli a pili, a zlořečili Abimelechovi.

28 Řekl pak Gál syn Ebedův: Kdo jest Abimelech? A jaké jest Sichem, abychom sloužili jemu? Zdaliž není syn Jerobálův, a Zebul úředník jeho? Služte raději mužům Emora, otce Sichemova; nebo proč my máme sloužiti tomuto?

29 Ale ó kdyby tento lid byl v ruce mé, abych shladil Abimelecha! I řekl Abimelechovi: Sbeř sobě vojsko, a vyjdi.

30 Uslyšav pak Zebul, úředník města toho, slova Gále syna Ebedova, rozhněval se náramně.

31 I poslal posly k Abimelechovi tajně, řka: Hle, Gál syn Ebedův i bratří jeho přišli do Sichem, a hle, bojovati budou s městem proti tobě.

32 Protož nyní vstana nočně, ty i lid, kterýž jest s tebou, zdělej zálohy v poli.

33 A ráno, když bude slunce vycházeti, vstana, udeříš na město, a když on i lid, kterýž jest s ním, vyjde proti tobě, učiníš jemu to, což se naskytne ruce tvé.

34 A protož vstal Abimelech i všecken lid, kterýž s ním byl v noci, a učinili zálohy u Sichem na čtyřech místech.

35 I vyšel Gál syn Ebedův, a postavil se v bráně města; vyvstal pak Abimelech i lid, kterýž s ním byl, z záloh.

36 A uzřev Gál ten lid, řekl Zebulovi: Hle, lid sstupuje s vrchu hor. Jemuž odpověděl Zebul: Stín hor vidíš, jako nějaké lidi.

37 Tedy opět promluvil Gál, řka:Hle, lid sstupuje s vrchu, nebo houf jeden táhne cestou rovin Monenim.

38 Řekl pak jemu Zebul: Kde jsou nyní ústa tvá, jimižs mluvil: Kdo jest Abimelech, abychom sloužili jemu? Zdaliž toto není lid ten, kterýmž jsi pohrdal? Vytáhniž nyní, a bojuj proti němu.

39 I vytáhl Gál před lidmi Sichemskými, a bojoval proti Abimelechovi.

40 Ale Abimelech honil ho utíkajícího před tváří svou, a padlo raněných mnoho až k bráně.

41 Zůstal pak Abimelech v Aruma, a Zebul vyhnal Gále i bratří jeho, aby nezůstávali v Sichem.

42 Nazejtří pak vytáhl lid do pole, i oznámeno jest to Abimelechovi.

43 Tedy on pojal lid svůj, a rozdělil jej na tři houfy, zdělav zálohy v polích, a vida, an lid vychází z města, vyskočil na ně a zbil je.

44 Nebo Abimelech a houf, kterýž byl s ním, udeřili na ně a postavili se u brány města, druzí pak dva houfové obořili se na všecky ty, kteříž byli v poli, a zbili je.

45 Abimelech pak dobýval města celý ten den, až ho i dobyl, a lid, kterýž v něm byl, pobil, a zbořiv město, posál je solí.

46 Uslyševše pak všickni muži věže Sichemské, vešli do hradu svého, chrámu boha Berit.

47 A oznámeno jest Abimelechovi, že se tam shromáždili všickni muži věže Sichemské.

48 Tedy vstoupil Abimelech na horu Salmon, on i všecken lid, kterýž byl s ním, a nabrav seker s sebou, nasekal ratolestí s stromů, kterýchž nabral a vložil na rameno své. I řekl lidu, kterýž byl s ním: Což jste viděli, že jsem učinil, spěšně učiňte tak jako já.

49 I uťal sobě jeden každý ze všeho lidu ratolest, a jdouce za Abimelechem, skladli je u hradu, a zapálili jimi hrad. I zemřeli tam všickni muži věže Sichemské téměř tisíc mužů a žen.

50 Odšel pak Abimelech do Tébes, a položil se u Tébes, i dobyl ho.

51 Byla pak věže pevná u prostřed města, a utekli tam všickni muži i ženy, i všickni přední města toho, a zavřeli po sobě, vstoupivše na vrch věže.

52 Tehdy přišed Abimelech až k věži, dobýval jí, a přistoupil až ke dveřím věže, aby je zapálil ohněm.

53 V tom žena nějaká svrhla kus žernovu na hlavu Abimelechovu, a prorazila hlavu jeho.

54 A on rychle zavolav mládence, kterýž nosil zbroj jeho, řekl jemu: Vytrhni meč svůj a zabí mne, aby potom nepravili o mně: Žena zabila ho. I probodl jej služebník jeho, a umřel.

55 Uzřevše pak synové Izraelští, že by umřel Abimelech, odešli jeden každý k místu svému.

56 A tak odměnil Bůh zlým Abimelechovi za nešlechetnost, kterouž páchal proti otci svému, zmordovav sedmdesáte bratří svých.

57 Tolikéž i všecku nešlechetnost mužů Sichemských vrátil Bůh na hlavu jejich, a přišlo na ně zlořečení Jotama syna Jerobálova.

   

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Exploring the Meaning of Judges 9

Napsal(a) New Christian Bible Study Staff, Julian Duckworth

Judges 9: Abimelech’s conspiracy, the parable of the trees, Abimelech’s downfall.

This chapter follows the story of Gideon’s many sons; he had seventy sons by his many wives, and also one other son, Abimelech, by a concubine. After Gideon’s death, Abimelech went to the men of Shechem, where his mother’s family lived, and asked them if they would rather be ruled by seventy sons, or by him. The men of Shechem agreed it would be better to have one king, so they gave him seventy pieces of silver from the temple of Baal. Using the silver, Abimelech hired men to come with him, and they killed the seventy sons of Gideon except the youngest, Jotham, who hid. Then they anointed Abimelech king.

When Jotham heard the news, he stood on the top of Mount Gerizim and taunted the men of Shechem with a parable. In his parable, the trees were searching for a king to lead them; they ask the olive, then the fig, then the vine to rule over them. Each refuses, because they do not want to give up their special purpose. Finally, the bramble agrees to lead them, but gives them the choice of either sheltering in its non-existent shade or being consumed by its own fire.

Jotham explained the parable, warning that Abimelech and the men of Shechem would more than likely tear each other down in the end. Then he fled to Beer to escape his brother’s vengeance.

After Abimelech had ruled Israel for three years, the Lord sent an evil spirit to spark ill-will between Abimelech and the men of Shechem. This evil spirit was meant to avenge the killing of Gideon’s seventy sons.

The rest of this chapter describes the city’s descent into chaos, illustrating the various manifestations of evil and falsity through many examples. Robbers were sent to ambush travellers in the mountains, the people of Shechem drunkenly cursed Abimelech in the temple of their god, and the tower of Shechem was burned, killing a thousand hiding in it. Finally, Abimelech lay siege to Thebez, and the people took shelter on the top of a tower there. When he tried to burn that tower, a woman hurled down a millstone to break Abimelech’s skull. In his final moments, Abimelech commanded his armourbearer to kill him with his sword, so that people would not say he was killed by a woman. All of these incidents depict the absolute corruption under Abimelech’s rule.

*****

The key to understanding this story is that Gideon’s son, Abimelech, is the son of a concubine, not a lawful wife. Spiritually speaking, a concubine stands for a love that has become distorted. A genuine love for someone is a love for sake of that other person, while a distorted love means loving someone for what we can get from them (see Swedenborg’s work, Divine Love and Wisdom 271[2], on the love of dominating for the sake of self-love).

The references to Gideon’s seventy sons stand for the enormity of Abimelech’s wrongdoing. The number ‘seven’ stands for something fully worked through, and seventy even more so.

Jotham’s parable presents three levels of pure love: the love of the Lord (the olive with its fragrant oil), the love of truth (the vine with its rich wine), and the love of use (the fig with its abundant seeds). The bramble, with its painful grip, stands for a love of evil and falsity (see Swedenborg’s work, Arcana Caelestia 273).

The evil spirit sent by the Lord seems to show that God was punishing his own people, but that is only how things appear (Arcana Caelestia 1838). When we look deeper, we will realize that we are punished by our own evil actions, for evil breeds more evil and there is no rest for the wicked (see Isaiah 48:22). In regeneration, the process of breaking down the power of evil and false states in ourselves is called “vastation”. Once we have done the grueling work to minimize these influences over us, we can fully appreciate the joys of spiritual life (Arcana Caelestia 2694[2]).

Spiritually, an ambush depicts the way hell attacks our minds: without warning. Drunkenness and cursing a former ally stands for the abandonment of all values and integrity. The tower represents the pride which rises up in self-love and love of dominance, and beyond that, Abimelech’s aversion to being killed by a woman stands for the rejection of all that is good and true. Her millstone grinds corn to make it edible, in the same way that we must process truths to put them to use (see Swedenborg’s work, Apocalypse Explained 1182).

This powerful chapter shows the descent of evil into greater evils, until they become so consuming they have no vestige of good left, and no recognition of truth remaining. The final two verses state: “Thus God repaid the wickedness of Abimelech, which he had done to his father by killing his seventy brothers. And all the evil of the men of Shechem God returned on their own heads, and on them came the curse of Jotham the son of Gideon.”

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Judges 9

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1 Abimelech the son of Jerubbaal went to Shechem to his mother's brothers, and spoke with them, and with all the family of the house of his mother's father, saying,

2 "Please speak in the ears of all the men of Shechem, 'Is it better for you that all the sons of Jerubbaal, who are seventy persons, rule over you, or that one rule over you?' Remember also that I am your bone and your flesh."

3 His mother's brothers spoke of him in the ears of all the men of Shechem all these words: and their hearts inclined to follow Abimelech; for they said, "He is our brother."

4 They gave him seventy [pieces] of silver out of the house of Baal Berith, with which Abimelech hired vain and light fellows, who followed him.

5 He went to his father's house at Ophrah, and killed his brothers the sons of Jerubbaal, being seventy persons, on one stone: but Jotham the youngest son of Jerubbaal was left; for he hid himself.

6 All the men of Shechem assembled themselves together, and all the house of Millo, and went and made Abimelech king, by the oak of the pillar that was in Shechem.

7 When they told it to Jotham, he went and stood on the top of Mount Gerizim, and lifted up his voice, and cried, and said to them, "Listen to me, you men of Shechem, that God may Listen to you.

8 The trees went forth on a time to anoint a king over them; and they said to the olive tree, 'Reign over us.'

9 "But the olive tree said to them, 'Should I leave my fatness, with which by me they honor God and man, and go to wave back and forth over the trees?'

10 "The trees said to the fig tree, 'Come and reign over us.'

11 "But the fig tree said to them, 'Should I leave my sweetness, and my good fruit, and go to wave back and forth over the trees?'

12 "The trees said to the vine, 'Come and reign over us.'

13 "The vine said to them, 'Should I leave my new wine, which cheers God and man, and go to wave back and forth over the trees?'

14 "Then all the trees said to the bramble, 'Come and reign over us.'

15 "The bramble said to the trees, 'If in truth you anoint me king over you, then come and take refuge in my shade; and if not, let fire come out of the bramble, and devour the cedars of Lebanon.'

16 "Now therefore, if you have dealt truly and righteously, in that you have made Abimelech king, and if you have dealt well with Jerubbaal and his house, and have done to him according to the deserving of his hands

17 (for my father fought for you, and risked his life, and delivered you out of the hand of Midian:

18 and you have risen up against my father's house this day, and have slain his sons, seventy persons, on one stone, and have made Abimelech, the son of his female servant, king over the men of Shechem, because he is your brother);

19 if you then have dealt truly and righteously with Jerubbaal and with his house this day, then rejoice in Abimelech, and let him also rejoice in you:

20 but if not, let fire come out from Abimelech, and devour the men of Shechem, and the house of Millo; and let fire come out from the men of Shechem, and from the house of Millo, and devour Abimelech."

21 Jotham ran away, and fled, and went to Beer, and lived there, for fear of Abimelech his brother.

22 Abimelech was prince over Israel three years.

23 God sent an evil spirit between Abimelech and the men of Shechem; and the men of Shechem dealt treacherously with Abimelech:

24 that the violence done to the seventy sons of Jerubbaal might come, and that their blood might be laid on Abimelech their brother, who killed them, and on the men of Shechem, who strengthened his hands to kill his brothers.

25 The men of Shechem set an ambush for him on the tops of the mountains, and they robbed all who came along that way by them: and it was told Abimelech.

26 Gaal the son of Ebed came with his brothers, and went over to Shechem; and the men of Shechem put their trust in him.

27 They went out into the field, and gathered their vineyards, and trod [the grapes], and held festival, and went into the house of their god, and did eat and drink, and cursed Abimelech.

28 Gaal the son of Ebed said, "Who is Abimelech, and who is Shechem, that we should serve him? Isn't he the son of Jerubbaal? and Zebul his officer? serve the men of Hamor the father of Shechem: but why should we serve him?

29 Would that this people were under my hand! Then I would remove Abimelech." He said to Abimelech, "Increase your army, and come out!"

30 When Zebul the ruler of the city heard the words of Gaal the son of Ebed, his anger was kindled.

31 He sent messengers to Abimelech craftily, saying, "Behold, Gaal the son of Ebed and his brothers are come to Shechem; and behold, they constrain the city [to take part] against you.

32 Now therefore, go up by night, you and the people who are with you, and lie in wait in the field:

33 and it shall be, that in the morning, as soon as the sun is up, you shall rise early, and rush on the city; and behold, when he and the people who are with him come out against you, then may you do to them as you shall find occasion."

34 Abimelech rose up, and all the people who were with him, by night, and they laid wait against Shechem in four companies.

35 Gaal the son of Ebed went out, and stood in the entrance of the gate of the city: and Abimelech rose up, and the people who were with him, from the ambush.

36 When Gaal saw the people, he said to Zebul, "Behold, people are coming down from the tops of the mountains." Zebul said to him, "You see the shadow of the mountains as if they were men."

37 Gaal spoke again and said, "Behold, people are coming down by the middle of the land, and one company comes by the way of the oak of Meonenim."

38 Then Zebul said to him, "Now where is your mouth, that you said, 'Who is Abimelech, that we should serve him?' Isn't this the people that you have despised? Please go out now and fight with them."

39 Gaal went out before the men of Shechem, and fought with Abimelech.

40 Abimelech chased him, and he fled before him, and many fell wounded, even to the entrance of the gate.

41 Abimelech lived at Arumah: and Zebul drove out Gaal and his brothers, that they should not dwell in Shechem.

42 It happened on the next day, that the people went out into the field; and they told Abimelech.

43 He took the people, and divided them into three companies, and laid wait in the field; and he looked, and behold, the people came forth out of the city; He rose up against them, and struck them.

44 Abimelech, and the companies that were with him, rushed forward, and stood in the entrance of the gate of the city: and the two companies rushed on all who were in the field, and struck them.

45 Abimelech fought against the city all that day; and he took the city, and killed the people who were therein: and he beat down the city, and sowed it with salt.

46 When all the men of the tower of Shechem heard of it, they entered into the stronghold of the house of Elberith.

47 It was told Abimelech that all the men of the tower of Shechem were gathered together.

48 Abimelech went up to Mount Zalmon, he and all the people who were with him; and Abimelech took an axe in his hand, and cut down a bough from the trees, and took it up, and laid it on his shoulder: and he said to the people who were with him, "What you have seen me do, make haste, and do as I have done!"

49 All the people likewise each cut down his bough, and followed Abimelech, and put them at the base of the stronghold, and set the stronghold on fire on them; so that all the people of the tower of Shechem died also, about a thousand men and women.

50 Then went Abimelech to Thebez, and encamped against Thebez, and took it.

51 But there was a strong tower within the city, and there fled all the men and women, and all they of the city, and shut themselves in, and went up to the roof of the tower.

52 Abimelech came to the tower, and fought against it, and drew near to the door of the tower to burn it with fire.

53 A certain woman cast an upper millstone on Abimelech's head, and broke his skull.

54 Then he called hastily to the young man his armor bearer, and said to him, "Draw your sword, and kill me, that men not say of me, 'A woman killed him.' His young man thrust him through, and he died."

55 When the men of Israel saw that Abimelech was dead, they departed every man to his place.

56 Thus God requited the wickedness of Abimelech, which he did to his father, in killing his seventy brothers;

57 and all the wickedness of the men of Shechem did God requite on their heads: and on them came the curse of Jotham the son of Jerubbaal.