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Jeremiáše 49

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1 Proti Ammonitským. Takto praví Hospodin: Což nemá žádných synů Izrael? Což dědice žádného nemá? Proč dědičně opanoval král jejich Gádu, a lid jeho v městech tohoto bydlí?

2 Protož aj, dnové jdou, dí Hospodin, že způsobím, aby slyšáno bylo proti Rabba Ammonitských troubení válečné, a aby bylo obráceno v hromadu rumu, a jiná města jeho ohněm vypálena. I opanuje Izrael ty, kteříž jej byli opanovali, praví Hospodin.

3 Kvěl Ezebon, když popléněno bude Hai, křičte, ó dcery Rabba, přepašte se žíněmi, plačte, a běžte přes ploty; nebo král váš do zajetí půjde, kněží jeho i knížata jeho spolu.

4 Což se chlubíš údolími, když oplývá údolí tvé, ó dcero zpurná, kteráž doufáš v pokladech svých, říkajíc: Kdo by táhl na mne?

5 Aj, já uvedu na tebe strach, praví Panovník Hospodin zástupů, ze všeho vůkolí tvého, jímž rozehnáni budete všickni, a nebude žádného, kdo by shromáždil toulající se.

6 A však potom zase přivedu zajaté Ammonitské, dí Hospodin.

7 Proti Idumejským. Takto praví Hospodin zástupů: Což není více moudrosti v Teman? Zahynula rada od rozumných? Zmařena moudrost jejich?

8 Utíkejte, obraťe se, a hluboko se schovejte, obyvatelé Dedan; nebo bídu uvedu na Ezau v čas navštívení jeho.

9 Kdyby ti, kteříž zbírají víno, přišli na tebe, zdaž by nepozůstavili paběrků? Pakli zloději v noci, zdaž by škodili více nad potřebu svou?

10 Ale já obnažím Ezau, zodkrývám skrýše jeho, tak že se nebude moci ukryti. Pohubenoť bude símě jeho i bratří jeho i sousedé jeho, tak že nebude naprosto, kdo by řekl:

11 Zanech sirotků svých, já živiti je budu, a vdov svých mně se dověřte.

12 Takto zajisté praví Hospodin: Aj, ti, kteříž nemají žádného práva píti kalichu tohoto, předce pijí, ty pak sám abys toho naprosto prázen byl? Nebudeš prázen, ale jistotně píti budeš.

13 Nebo skrze sebe přisahám, dí Hospodin, že pustinou, útržkou, pouští a prokletím bude Bozra, a všecka města jeho budou pouští věčnou.

14 Pověst slyšel jsem od Hospodina, že posel k národům poslán jest: Shromažďte se, a táhněte proti němu; nuže, vstaňte k boji.

15 Nebo aj, způsobím to, abys byl za nejšpatnějšího mezi národy, v nevážnosti mezi lidmi.

16 To, že jsi hrozný, zklamá tě, i pýcha srdce tvého, ó ty, kterýž bydlíš v rozsedlinách skalních, kterýž se držíš vysokých pahrbků. Bys pak vysoko udělal hnízdo své jako orlice, i odtud tě strhnu, dí Hospodin.

17 I bude země Idumejská pustinou. Každý, kdož půjde skrze ni, užasne se, a diviti se bude nade všemi ranami jejími;

18 Jako podvrácení Sodomy a Gomory a sousedů jejich, praví Hospodin. Neosadí se tam žádný, aniž bydliti bude v ní syn člověka.

19 Aj, jako lev vystupuje i více než zdutí Jordána proti příbytku Nejsilnějšího, a však v okamžení zaženu jej z této země, a toho, kterýž jest vyvolený, ustanovím nad ní. Nebo kdo jest mně rovný? A kdo mi složí rok? A kdo jest ten pastýř, kterýž by se postavil proti mně?

20 Protož slyšte radu Hospodinovu, kterouž zavřel o Idumejských, a to, což myslil proti obyvatelům Temanským: Zajisté žeť je vyvlekou nejmenší tohoto stáda, zajisté že je popléní i příbytky jejich.

21 Od hřmotu pádu jejich třásti se bude ta země, hlas a křik jejich slyšán bude u moře Rudého.

22 Aj, jako orlice přitáhne a přiletí, a roztáhne křídla svá na Bozru, i bude srdce silných Idumejských v ten den podobné srdci ženy svírající se.

23 Proti Damašku. Zastydí se Emat i Arfad, nebo novinu zlou uslyší, a užasnou se, tak že se i moře zkormoutí, aniž se bude moci upokojiti.

24 Oslábne Damašek, obrátí se k utíkání, a hrůza podejme jej, svírání a bolesti zachvátí jej jako rodičku.

25 Ale řkou: Jakž by nemělo ostáti město slovoutné, město radosti mé?

26 Protož padnou mládenci jeho na ulicích jeho, a všickni muži bojovní vypléněni budou v ten den, dí Hospodin zástupů.

27 A zanítím oheň ve zdi Damašské, kterýž do konce zkazí paláce Benadadovy.

28 Proti Cedar a královstvím Azor, kteráž pohubiti má Nabuchodonozor král Babylonský. Takto praví Hospodin: Vstaňte, táhněte proti Cedar, a vypleňte národy východní.

29 Stany jejich i stáda jejich vezmou, kortýny jejich se vším nádobím jejich, i velbloudy jejich poberou sobě, a volati budou na ně: Strach jest vůkol.

30 Utecte, rozprchněte se rychle, skrejte se hluboce, obyvatelé Azor, dí Hospodin, neboť Nabuchodonozor král Babylonský složil proti vám radu, a vymyslil proti vám chytrost.

31 Vstaňte, táhněte proti národu upokojenému, kterýž sedí bezpečně, praví Hospodin. Nemá ani vrat ani závory, a samotní bydlejí.

32 Budou zajisté velbloudi jejich v loupež, a množství dobytků jejich v kořist, a rozptýlím na všeliký vítr ty, kteříž i v nejzadnějších koutech bydlejí, a ze všech stran uvedu bídu na ně, dí Hospodin.

33 I bude Azor příbytkem draků, pustinou až na věky; neosadí se tam žádný, aniž bude bydleti v něm syn člověka.

34 Slovo Hospodinovo, kteréž se stalo k Jeremiášovi proroku proti Elamitským, na počátku kralování Sedechiáše krále Judského, řkoucí:

35 Takto praví Hospodin zástupů: Aj, já polámi lučiště Elamitských, největší sílu jejich.

36 Uvedu zajisté na Elamitské čtyři větry ode čtyř stran světa, a rozptýlím je na všecky ty větry, tak že nebude národu, do něhož by se nedostal někdo z vyhnaných Elamitských.

37 A předěsím Elamitské před nepřátely jejich a před těmi, kteříž hledají bezživotí jejich. Uvedu, pravím, na ně zlé, prchlivost hněvu svého, dí Hospodin, a budu posílati za nimi meč, dokudž jim konce neučiním.

38 I postavím stolici svou mezi Elamitskými, a vypléním odtud krále i knížata, praví Hospodin.

39 A však stane se v posledních dnech, že zase přivedu zajaté Elamitské, dí Hospodin.

   

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Eagle

  

Eagle wings, referred to in Daniel 7:3, signify rational principles grounded in man's proprium and ways of thinking.

(Odkazy: Arcana Coelestia 3901)

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Arcana Coelestia # 3901

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3901. The reason why the final state of the Church is compared to eagles gathered together where there is a carcass or body is that 'eagles' means man's rational ideas. When used in reference to forms of good 'eagles' means true rational ideas, but when used in reference to forms of evil 'eagles' means false rational ideas, or reasonings. 'Birds' in general means a person's thoughts, and in both the genuine and the contrary senses, 40, 745, 776, 866, 991, 3219; and each species has some individual meaning, 'eagles' meaning rational ideas because they are high-flyers and sharp-sighted. This meaning may be seen from many places in the Word, from which let the following be brought forward to confirm it. First, places where true rational ideas are meant: in Moses,

Jehovah found His people [Jacob] in a wilderness land and in the emptiness, the howling, the lonely place He encompassed him, instructed him, and kept him as the pupil of His eye. As an eagle stirs up its nest, hovers over its young, spreads out its wings, takes one, carries it on its wings. Deuteronomy 32:10-11.

That which is described here and compared to the eagle is instruction in the truths and goods of faith. The actual process up to the point when a person becomes rational and spiritual is what this description and comparison contains. All comparisons in the Word are made by means of meaningful signs, in this case by 'the eagle', which means the rational.

[2] In the same author,

Jehovah said to Moses, You have seen the things which I did to the Egyptians, and I bore you on eagles' wings so that I might bring you to Myself. Exodus 19:3-4.

Here the meaning is similar. In Isaiah,

Those who await Jehovah will be renewed with strength; they will mount up with strong wings like eagles; they will run and not be weary, they will walk and not faint. Isaiah 40:31.

'Being renewed with strength' stands for growth in the willing of good, 'mounting up with strong wings like eagles' for growth in the understanding of truth, and so growth of the rational. Here, as elsewhere, dual expressions are used to present the subject, the first of a pair involving good which belongs to the will, the second truth which belongs to the understanding. 'Running and not being weary' and 'walking and not fainting' are similar dual expressions.

[3] In Ezekiel,

Speak a parable about the house of Israel, and say, Thus said the Lord Jehovih, A great eagle with long pinions, full of feathers, in its embroidery, came on Lebanon and took a twig of the cedar. He carried it into a land of trade, he placed it in a city of perfumers. It sprouted and became a spreading vine. There was another great eagle with great wings and full of feathers, towards which, behold, this vine directed its roots, and sent out its branches towards it to water it from the beds of its young plants in a good field, by many waters. But it will be laid waste. He sent his ambassadors to Egypt that they might give him horses and many people. Ezekiel 17:2-9, 15.

The eagle mentioned first stands for the rational enlightened by the Divine, the eagle mentioned second for the rational originating in the proprium, subsequently perverted by means of reasonings based on sensory evidence and factual knowledge - 'Egypt' standing for factual knowledge, 1164, 1165, 1186, 1462, and 'horses' for understanding resulting from all this, 2761, 2762, 3217.

[4] In Daniel,

A vision of Daniel. Four beasts came up out of the sea, different from one another. The first was like a lion, but had eagle's wings. I watched it until its wings were torn away and it was lifted up from the ground and made to stand on its feet like a human being; and the heart of a human being was given to it. Daniel 7:3-4.

That which is described by 'a lion which had eagle's wings' is the first state of the Church, 'eagle's wings' in this case meaning rational ideas originating in the proprium. And when these had been removed, rational ideas and desires in the will which had a Divine origin were given to it. These are meant by the lifting up of the eagle from the ground and the standing of it on its feet like a human being, and the gift to it of the heart of a human being.

[5] In Ezekiel,

As for the likeness of the faces of the four living creatures or cherubs, each of the four had the face of a human being, and the face of a lion on the right side; and each of the four the face of an ox on the left side; and each of the four had the face of an eagle. Ezekiel 1:10.

Their wheels were called Galgal; and each one had four faces - the first face was the face of a cherub, the second face the face of a human being, the third the face of a lion, and the fourth the face of an eagle. Ezekiel 10:13-14.

In John,

Around the throne were four living creatures full of eyes in front and behind. The first living creature was like a lion, the second living creature was like a calf, the third living creature had a face like a human being, the fourth living creature was like a flying eagle. Revelation 4:7.

Clearly, those living creatures that were seen mean Divine arcana, as consequently does the likeness of their faces. But exactly which arcana are meant cannot be known unless one knows what 'lion', 'calf', 'human being', and 'eagle' mean in the internal sense. It is evident that 'the face of an eagle' means vigilance and therefore providence, for the cherubs who were represented by the living creatures in Ezekiel mean the Lord's providence which guards against anyone entering the mysteries of faith from himself and his own rationality as the starting point, see 308. This also shows that when 'an eagle' is used in reference to a human being the rational is meant in the internal sense. It has this meaning because an eagle is a high-flyer and from its more exalted position has a wide view of things below.

[6] In Job,

Is it through your intelligence that the hawk flies up and spreads its wings towards the south? Is it at your command 1 that the eagle lifts itself up and makes its nest up high? Job 39:26-27.

In this verse it is evident that 'the eagle' means reason which is an attribute of intelligence. This was what 'eagle' meant in the Ancient Church, for the Book of Job is a book of the Ancient Church, 3540 (end). In fact the writing of almost all the books of that period involved the use of meaningful signs, but with the passage of time meaningful signs have been so eclipsed that it is not even known that 'birds' in general means thoughts, even though these are referred to many times in the Word and in those places quite clearly is meant something different from birds.

[7] As regards 'the eagle' in the contrary sense meaning rational ideas that are not true, and so are false, this is evident from the following places: In Moses,

Jehovah will raise up above you a nation from far away, from the end of the earth, as an eagle flies, a nation whose language you do not understand, a hard-faced nation. Deuteronomy 28:49-50.

In Jeremiah,

Behold, he comes up [like] clouds, and his chariots like a whirlwind; his horses are swifter than eagles. Woe to us, for we have been laid waste! Jeremiah 4:13.

In the same prophet,

Your bragging has deceived you, and the pride of your heart, you who dwell in the clefts of the rock, who hold the height of the hill; because, like the eagle, you have made your nest up high, I will cast you down from there. Behold, he mounts up and flies like an eagle, and spreads his wings over Bozrah; and the heart of the powerful men of Edom has become on that day like the heart of a woman in distress. Jeremiah 49:16, 22.

In the same prophet,

Our pursuers were swifter than eagles; they pursued us over the mountains, they laid in wait for us in the wilderness. Lamentations 4:19.

In Micah,

Make yourself bald, and shave your head for the children of your delight; extend your baldness like an eagle, for they have departed from you. Micah 1:16.

In Obadiah,

If you raise yourself up like the eagle, and if you place your nest among the stars, I will bring you down from there. Obad. verse 4.

In Habakkuk,

I am rousing the Chaldeans, a bitter and headlong nation, marching into the breadths of the earth, to inherit habitations that are not its own. Its horses are swifter than leopards. 2 Its horsemen will come from afar. They will fly in like an eagle hastening to devour. Habakkuk 1:6, 8.

[8] In all these places 'eagles' means falsity that has been introduced through reasonings - the delusions of the senses and external appearances being the source of that falsity. 'The Chaldeans' referred to in the last of the Prophets quoted means people who outwardly are holy but inwardly are under the influence of falsity, see 1368, and these like Babel are those who lay waste the Church, 1367. 'The breadths of the earth' means truths (the vastation of which is meant by 'marching into the breadths of the earth') see 3433, 3434, and 'horses' their intellectual concepts, which are similar, 2761, 2762, 3217. What is meant by 'an eagle hastening to devour' is clear from all this, namely a hastening to make man desolate of truths, for the desolation of the Church is the subject in these verses. Comparisons are made with eagles, but as has been stated, comparisons in the Word are made by means of meaningful signs. From all this one may now see what is meant by the comparison with the eagles which will be gathered together where the carcass is.

Poznámky pod čarou:

1. literally, mouth

2. The Latin means eagles, but the Hebrew means leopards, which Swedenborg has in other places where he quotes this verse.

  
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Thanks to the Swedenborg Society for the permission to use this translation.