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Exodus 34

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1 I řekl Hospodin k Mojžíšovi: Vyteš sobě dvě dsky kamenné podobné prvním, a napíši na dskách těch slova, kteráž byla na dskách prvních, kteréž jsi rozrazil.

2 Budiž tedy hotov ráno, a vstoupíš v jitře na horu Sinai, a staneš přede mnou na vrchu hory té.

3 Žádný ať nevstupuje s tebou, aniž také kdo vidín bude na vší hoře; ani ovce neb volové pásti se budou naproti hoře této.

4 Tedy Mojžíš vytesal dvě dsky kamenné podobné prvním, a vstav ráno, vstoupil na horu Sinai, jakž mu přikázal Hospodin, a vzal v ruku svou dvě dsky kamenné.

5 I sstoupil Hospodin v oblaku, a stál s ním tam, a zavolal ze jména: Hospodin.

6 Nebo pomíjeje Hospodin tvář jeho, volal: Hospodin, Hospodin, Bůh silný, lítostivý a milostivý, dlouhočekající a hojný v milosrdenství a pravdě,

7 Milosrdenství čině tisícům, odpouštěje nepravost a přestoupení i hřích, a kterýž nikoli neospravedlňuje vinného, navštěvuje nepravost otců na synech, a na synech synů do třetího i čtvrtého pokolení.

8 Mojžíš pak rychle sklonil hlavu k zemi, a poklonu učinil.

9 A řekl: Prosím, našel-li jsem milost v očích tvých, Pane, nechť jde, prosím, Pán u prostřed nás, nebo lid jest tvrdé šíje, a milostiv buď nepravosti naší a hříchu našemu, a měj nás za dědictví.

10 Kterýžto řekl: Aj, já učiním smlouvu přede vším lidem tvým. Učiním divné věci, kteréž nejsou učiněny na vší zemi a ve všech národech, a viděti bude všecken lid, (mezi nimiž jsi,) skutky Hospodinovy; nebo hrozné bude to, což já učiním s tebou.

11 Zachovej to, což já dnes tobě přikazuji. Aj, já vyženu před tváří tvou Amorea a Kananea, Hetea a Ferezea, Hevea a Jebuzea.

12 Varuj se pak, abys nečinil smlouvy s obyvateli země té, do kteréž vejdeš, ať by nebyli osídlem u prostřed tebe.

13 Ale zboříte oltáře jejich, a modly jejich polámete, a jejich háje posekáte.

14 Nebo nebudeš se klaněti Bohu jinému, proto že Hospodin jest, jméno má horlivý, Bůh silný, horlivý jest.

15 Nevcházej v smlouvu s obyvateli země té, aby když by smilnili, jdouce po bozích svých, a obětovali bohům svým, nepovolali tě, a jedl bys z oběti jejich.

16 A abys nebral ze dcer jeho synům svým, i smilnily by dcery jejich, jdouce po bozích svých, a naučily by smilniti syny tvé, jdouce po bozích svých.

17 Bohů slitých neuděláš sobě.

18 Slavnost přesnic zachovávati budeš. Za sedm dní jísti budeš chleby nekvašené, jakž jsem přikázal tobě, v čas vyměřený měsíce Abib; nebo měsíce toho vyšel jsi z Egypta.

19 Všecko což otvírá život, mé jest, i všeliký samec v dobytku tvém, prvorozený z volů a ovcí.

20 Ale prvorozené osle vyplatíš dobytčetem; pakli bys nevyplatil, šíji zlomíš jemu. Každého prvorozeného z synů svých vyplatíš, aniž ukáží se přede mnou prázdní.

21 Šest dní pracovati budeš, dne pak sedmého přestaneš; v čas orání i žně přestaneš.

22 A učiníš sobě slavnost téhodnů, svátek prvotin žně pšeničné a slavnost klizení po vyjití každého roku.

23 Třikrát v roce ukáže se každý z vás pohlaví mužského před oblíčejem Panovníka Hospodina, Boha Izraelského.

24 Nebo vyvrhu národy od tváři tvé a rozšířím meze tvé, aniž kdo sáhne na zemi tvou, když vstoupíš, abys se ukázal před Hospodinem Bohem svým třikrát v roce.

25 Nebudeš obětovati krve oběti mé, dokavadž u tebe kvas jest, aniž zůstane do jitra obět slavnosti Fáze.

26 Prvotiny prvních úrod země své přinášeti budeš do domu Hospodina Boha svého. Nebudeš vařiti kozelce v mléce matky jeho.

27 I řekl Hospodin Mojžíšovi: Napiš sobě slova tato; nebo podlé slov těch učinil jsem smlouvu s tebou a s Izraelem.

28 Byl pak tam s Hospodinem čtyřidceti dní a čtyřidceti nocí, chleba nejedl a vody nepil; a napsal na dskách slova té smlouvy, totiž deset slov.

29 I stalo se, když sstupoval Mojžíš s hory Sinai, (a měl dvě dsky svědectví v rukou svých, když sstupoval s hory), nevěděl, že by se stkvěla kůže tváři jeho, když mluvil s ním.

30 A viděl Aron i všickni synové Izraelští Mojžíše, a aj, stkvěla se kůže tváři jeho, a nesměli přistoupiti k němu.

31 Ale Mojžíš zavolal jich, a navrátili se k němu Aron i všecka knížata shromáždění toho, a mluvil Mojžíš s nimi.

32 Potom přišli také k němu všickni synové Izraelští, jimžto přikázal všecko, což s ním mluvil Hospodin na hoře Sinai.

33 Dokudž pak mluvil Mojžíš s nimi, měl zástěru na tváři své.

34 Ale když vcházel Mojžíš před tvář Hospodina, aby mluvil s ním, odjímal zástěru, dokudž nevyšel. Vyšed pak, mluvil synům Izraelským, což mu bylo rozkázáno.

35 Tedy viděli synové Izraelští tvář Mojžíšovu, že se stkvěla kůže tváři jeho. A kladl zase Mojžíš zástěru na tvář svou, dokudž nevcházel, aby mluvil s ním.

   

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Arcana Coelestia # 4925

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4925. 'That behold, his brother came out' means the truth of good. This is clear from the meaning of 'brother' as that which is kindred, by virtue of good, dealt with in 3815, 4267, and so the truth of good. The truth of good is that truth which is rooted in good, or that faith which is rooted in charity. Dealt with here in the internal sense is the birthright in the case of those who are being born again or regenerated by the Lord, and therefore the birthright within the Church. It has been a matter of argument since most ancient times as to which is the firstborn, whether this is the good of charity or whether it is the truth of faith. Unseen while a person is being born again and becoming a Church, good conceals itself within the interior man and reveals itself solely within some affection which does not pass into the conscious feelings of the external or natural man until he has been born again. But truth reveals itself, for this does enter his conscious feelings and lodges in the memory belonging to the external or natural man. This explains why many have fallen into the error that truth is the firstborn, and at length even thinking that truth is the vital element of the Church, so vital that truth which is called faith can save a person without the good of charity.

[2] From this one error very many others have been derived which have infected not only what is taught but also life, such as the error that no matter what kind of life a person leads he can be saved provided he has faith. A further derivative error is that very wicked people are accepted into heaven provided that in the final hour before they die they declare their belief in those things which are matters of faith; and another such error is that, irrespective of the kind of life one has led, one is accepted into heaven solely by grace. Because people hold to this teaching they fail at length to know what charity is or to have any concern about what it is, till in the end they do not believe in the existence of it, or consequently in the existence of heaven and hell. The reason for this is that faith without charity, or truth without good, teaches a person nothing; and the more it departs from good, the more foolish it makes him. For good is what the Lord flows into and through which He flows, imparting intelligence and wisdom and consequently a superior ability to see, and also perception whether something is really true or not.

[3] From these considerations one may now see the position with regard to the birthright, namely that in actual fact it belongs to good but appears to belong to truth. This is what the birth of Tamar's two sons is used to describe in the internal sense. 'The twice-dyed thread' which the midwife bound on the hand that came out means good, as shown in 4922; 'coming out first' means priority of place, 4923; 'withdrawing the hand' means that good concealed its own power, as stated immediately above [in 4924]; 'his brother came out' means truth; 'you have made a breach upon yourself means this truth's apparent separation from good; 'afterwards his brother came out' means that good is in actual fact first; and 'on whose hand was the twice-dyed thread' means the acknowledgement that good is first. For it is not until after a person has been born again that good is acknowledged to be first, at which point that person's actions spring from good, and his view of truth and what this is like springs from the same.

[4] These are the matters contained within the internal sense, in which teaching is given regarding the good and truth with a person who is being born anew, namely that good in actual fact occupies first place but truth appears to do so, and that good is not seen to occupy the first place while a person is being regenerated but is plainly seen to do so once he has been regenerated. But there is no need to explain these matters any further since they have been explained already - see 3324, 3325, 3494, 3539, 3548, 3556, 3563, 3570, 3576, 3603, 3701, 4243, 4244, 4247, 4337; and the fact that controversy has taken place since ancient times over whether the birthright belonged to good or to truth, that is, to charity or to faith, 2435.

[5] Because in the highest sense the Lord is the firstborn, and therefore love to Him and charity towards the neighbour are the firstborn, the law was for that reason laid down in the representative Church that firstborn things were Jehovah's: in Moses,

Sanctify to Me all the firstborn, that which opens the womb among the children of Israel; with man and with beast let them be Mine. Exodus 13:2.

You shall make over to Jehovah all that opens the worm', and every firstling of a beast; however many males you have they shall be Jehovah's. Exodus 13:12.

All that opens the womb is Mine; therefore among all your cattle, you shall give the male. that among oxen and small cattle which opens [the womb]. Exodus 34:19.

All that opens the womb among all flesh which they bring to Jehovah, from men and from beasts, shall be yours. Nevertheless you shall surely redeem all the firstborn of men. Numbers 18:15.

Behold, I Myself have taken the Levites from the midst of the children of Israel, instead of every firstborn, that which opens the womb, from the children of Israel, so that the Levites may be Mine. Numbers 3:12.

[6] Because the firstborn is the one that opens the womb, the expression 'that which opens the womb' is therefore added, when the firstborn is mentioned in these places, so as to mean good. It is evident that this expression means good from the specific details contained in the internal sense, especially from those which are recorded regarding the sons of Tamar: Zerah is said to have opened the womb with his hand, and 'Zerah' represents good, as is also clear from the twice-dyed thread placed on his hand, dealt with in 4922. In addition to this 'the womb', to which the expression 'opened' is applied, means the place where good and truth, consequently the Church, lie, see 4918, while 'opening the womb' means supplying the power which enables truth to be born.

[7] Because the Lord is the only firstborn - He being Good itself, and His Good being the source of all truth - Jacob, who was not the firstborn, was therefore allowed to purchase the birthright from Esau his brother so that he might represent Him. Also, because this was not sufficient, he was called Israel, so that by this name he might represent the good of truth; for 'Israel' in the representative sense means good which comes through truth, 3654, 4286, 4598.

  
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Thanks to the Swedenborg Society for the permission to use this translation.

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Arcana Coelestia # 4922

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4922. 'And bound on his hand a twice-dyed thread' means that a sign was placed on it, namely on that power - 'twice-dyed' meaning good. This is clear from the meaning of 'binding on the hand' as placing a sign on power, for 'the hand' means power, 4920; and from the meaning of 'twice-dyed' as good, in particular spiritual good. The reason 'twice-dyed' means spiritual good is that this expression describes a shade of scarlet, and in the next life whenever one sees scarlet spiritual good is meant, which is the good of charity towards the neighbour. For all colours clearly visible in the next life mean something connected with good and truth since they are products of the light of heaven, which essentially is wisdom and intelligence flowing from the Lord's Divine. The variegations or modifications of that light are consequently variegations and so to speak modifications of wisdom and intelligence, and therefore of good and truth. For details about the light in heaven flowing from the Lord's Divine wisdom and intelligence, where the Lord is seen as the Sun, see 1053, 1521-1533, 1619-1632, 2776, 3138, 3167, 3190, 3195, 3222, 3223, 3225, 3337, 3339, 3340, 3485, 3636, 3643, 3862, 3993, 4180, 4214, 4302, 4405, 4408, 4413, 4415, 4523-4533; and for details about colours having their origin in that light and about their being variegations and modifications of that light, and therefore of intelligence and wisdom, 1042, 1043, 1053, 1624, 3993, 4530, 4677, 4742.

[2] As regards 'twice-dyed' meaning spiritual good, this is evident from places in the Word where this expression is used, as in Jeremiah,

If therefore you have been laid waste, what will you do? If you clothe yourself in twice-dyed and deck yourself with ornaments of gold, in vain will you make yourself beautiful; your lovers will abhor you. Jeremiah 4:30.

This refers to Judah. 'Clothing yourself in twice-dyed' stands for spiritual good, 'decking yourself with ornaments of gold' for celestial good. In 2 Samuel,

David lamented over Saul and over Jonathan, and wrote it down that they teach the children of Judah the bow. Daughters of Israel, weep over Saul who clothed you in twice-dyed delicately, 1 and placed an ornament of gold on your apparel. 2 Samuel 1:17-18, 24.

Here 'teaching the bow' stands for teaching the doctrine of love and charity, for 'the bow' means that doctrine. 'Clothing in twice-dyed' stands for spiritual good, as previously, and 'placing an ornament of gold on one's apparel' for celestial good.

[3] Such being the meaning of 'twice-dyed', instructions were also given to use twice-dyed scarlet on the curtains of the Dwelling-place, the veil, the covering for the door of the tent, the covering to the gate of the court, the table of the Presence when they were about to set out, Aaron's sacred vestments such as the ephod, the breastplate of judgement, and the fringes of the robe of the ephod:

The curtains of the Dwelling-place

You shall make for the Dwelling-place ten curtains - fine-twined linen, and violet and purple and twice-dyed scarlet. Exodus 26:1.

The veil

You shall make a veil of violet and purple, and of twice-dyed scarlet, and of fine-twined linen. Exodus 26:31.

The covering for the door of the tent

You shall make a covering for the door of the tent, of violet and purple and twice-dyed scarlet, and of fine-twined linen. Exodus 26:36.

[4] The covering to the gate of the court

For the gate of the court you shall make a covering of violet and purple and twice-dyed scarlet, and fine-twined linen, the work of an embroiderer. Exodus 27:16.

The table of the Presence when they were about to set out

When the camp sets out they shall spread over the table of the Presence a cloth of twice-dyed scarlet, and shall cover this with a covering of badger skin. Numbers 4:8.

The ephod

You shall make an ephod out of gold, violet and purple, and twice-dyed scarlet, fine-twined linen, the work of a craftsman; and the girdle similarly. Exodus 28:5-6, 8; 39:2-3.

The breastplate of judgement

You shall make the breastplate of judgement, the work of a craftsman, like the work of the ephod, out of gold, violet, and purple. and twice-dyed scarlet, and fine-twined linen. Exodus 28:15.

The fringes of the robe of the ephod

Pomegranates of violet, and purple, and twice-dyed scarlet. Exodus 28:33.

[5] It was because the Tent of Meeting with the Ark in it represented heaven that the colours mentioned in these places were required. They meant in their order celestial and spiritual things, as follows: 'Violet and purple' meant celestial kinds of good and truth, 'twice-dyed scarlet and fine-twined linen' spiritual kinds of good and truth. Anyone believing that the Word is holy can recognize that each has a specific meaning, and anyone believing that the Word is holy for the reason that it has been sent down from the Lord by way of heaven can recognize that the celestial and spiritual things belonging to His kingdom are meant. Similar instructions were given, in cleansings from leprosy, to use 'cedarwood, scarlet, and hyssop', Leviticus 14:4, 6, 52; and to cast 'cedarwood and hyssop and twice-dyed of purple' on to the fire in which the red heifer was being burned, from which the water of separation was prepared, Numbers 19:6.

[6] The profanation of good and truth is described by similar words in John,

I saw a woman sitting on a scarlet beast, full of blasphemous names. It had seven heads and ten horns. The woman was clothed in purple and scarlet. and covered 2 with gold and precious stones and pearls. holding in her hand a golden cup, full of abominations and the uncleanness of whoredom. Revelation 17:3-4.

And after this,

Woe, woe, the great city, you that were clothed in fine linen and purple and scarlet, and covered' with gold and precious stones and pearls. Revelation 18:16.

This refers to 'Babel' by which the profanation of good is meant, 1182, 1283, 1295, 1304, 1306-1308, 1321, 1322, 1326, in this case the profanation both of good and of truth, which is 'Babylonian'. Among the Prophets in the Old Testament 'Babel' describes the profanation of good and 'Chaldea' the profanation of truth.

[7] In the contrary sense 'scarlet' means the evil that is the contrary of spiritual good, as in Isaiah,

Though your sins are like scarlet, they will be white as snow. Though they are red as crimson, 3 they will be as wool. Isaiah 1:18.

The reason 'scarlet' means this evil is that 'blood', likewise, because of its red colour, in the genuine sense means spiritual good or charity towards the neighbour, and in the contrary sense violence done to charity, 374, 1005.

Poznámky pod čarou:

1. literally, with delights

2. literally, gilded

3. literally, purple

  
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Thanks to the Swedenborg Society for the permission to use this translation.