Bible

 

Deuteronomium 28

Studie

   

1 Jestliže pak opravdově poslušen budeš hlasu Hospodina Boha svého, ostříhaje a čině všecka přikázaní jeho, kteráž já dnes přikazuji tobě, vyvýší tě Hospodin Bůh tvůj nade všecky národy země.

2 A přijdou na tě všecka požehnání tato, a vyplní se při tobě, když jen poslušen budeš hlasu Hospodina Boha svého.

3 Požehnaný budeš v městě, Požehnaný i na poli.

4 Požehnaný plod života tvého, úrody země tvé, i plod dobytka tvého, prvorozené skotů tvých i stáda bravů tvých.

5 Požehnaný koš tvůj i díže tvá.

6 Požehnaný budeš vcházeje, Požehnaný i vycházeje.

7 A učiní Hospodin, že nepřátelé tvoji, kteříž by povstali proti tobě, poraženi budou před tebou; jednou cestou vytáhnou proti tobě, a sedmi cestami před tebou utíkati budou.

8 Přikáže Hospodin požehnání svému, aby s tebou bylo v špižírnách tvých a při všem, k čemu bys koli přičinil ruku svou, a požehná tobě v zemi, kterouž Hospodin Bůh tvůj dává tobě.

9 Vystaví tě sobě Hospodin za lid svatý, jakož zapřisáhl tobě, když ostříhati budeš přikázaní Hospodina Boha svého, a choditi po cestách jeho.

10 I uzří všickni národové země, že jméno Hospodinovo vzýváno jest nad tebou, a budou se báti tebe.

11 Učiní také Hospodin, že hojnost míti budeš všeho dobrého, plodu života svého, i plodu dobytků svých, i úrod zemských v zemi, kterouž s přísahou zaslíbil otcům tvým, že ji tobě dá.

12 Otevře Hospodin tobě poklad svůj výborný, nebe, aby vydalo déšť zemi tvé časem svým, a požehná všelikému dílu ruky tvé, tak že mnohým národům půjčovati budeš, sám pak nic nevypůjčíš.

13 I ustanoví tě Hospodin za hlavu a ne za ocas, a budeš vždycky vyšší, a nikdy nižší, když poslouchati budeš přikázaní Hospodina Boha svého, kteráž já dnes tobě přikazuji, abys ostříhal a činil je.

14 A neuchýlíš se od žádného slova, kteráž já dnes přikazuji tobě, ani na pravo ani na levo, odcházeje po bozích cizích, abys jim sloužil.

15 Jestliže pak hlasu Hospodina Boha svého poslouchati, a všech přikázaní a ustanovení jeho, kteráž já dnes přikazuji tobě, ostříhati a činiti nebudeš, přijdou na tě všecka zlořečenství tato a postihnou tě.

16 Zlořečený budeš v městě, zlořečený i na poli.

17 Zlořečený koš tvůj, a zlořečená díže tvá.

18 Zlořečený plod života tvého i úrody země tvé, prvorozené skotů tvých i stáda bravů tvých.

19 Zlořečený budeš vcházeje, zlořečený i vycházeje.

20 Pošle Hospodin na tě zlořečení, zkormoucení a bídu při všem, k čemuž bys koli přičinil ruky své a což bys koli dělal, dokudž nebudeš vyhlazen, a nezahyneš v náhle pro zlé skutky tvé, skrze něž jsi opustil mne.

21 Dopustí Hospodin, aby se přídržely tebe morní bolesti, až tě i vypléní z země, do níž se béřeš, abys ji dědičně opanoval.

22 Bíti tě bude Hospodin souchotinami, zimnicí, pálivostí, horkem, mečem, suchem a rudou, a budou tě stíhati, až tě i zkazí.

23 I to nebe, kteréž jest nad hlavou tvou, bude měděné, a země, kteráž jest pod tebou, železná.

24 Hospodin zemi tvé místo deště prach a popel, a toť s nebe sstoupí na tě, dokudž bys nebyl vyhlazen.

25 Učiní i to Hospodin, že poražen budeš od nepřátel svých; jednou cestou vytáhneš proti nim, a sedmi cestami utíkati budeš od tváři jejich, a musíš se smýkati po všech královstvích země.

26 I budou těla vaše mrtvá za pokrm všemu ptactvu nebeskému, a šelmám zemským, a nebude, kdo by je odehnal.

27 Raní tě Hospodin vředem Egyptským, neduhy na zadku, prašivinami a svrabem nezhojitelným.

28 Raní tě Hospodin pominutím smyslu, slepotou a tupostí srdce,

29 Tak že o poledni makati budeš, jako maká slepý ve tmě, a nebudeš míti prospěchu na cestách svých; k tomu také utiskán budeš, a loupen po všecky dny, a nebude, kdo by tě vysvobodil.

30 Manželku sobě zasnoubíš, a jiný s ní obývati bude; dům vystavíš, a nebudeš bydliti v něm; vinici štípíš, a sbírati na ní nebudeš.

31 Vůl tvůj před tvýma očima zabit bude, a ty jeho jísti nebudeš; osel tvůj uchvácen bude před tváří tvou, anižť se zase navrátí; dobytek tvůj vydán bude nepřátelům tvým, a žádný ho nevysvobodí.

32 Synové tvoji a dcery tvé cizímu národu vydáni budou, a oči tvé na to hledíce, umdlívati budou pro ně celého dne, a nebude síly v ruce tvé.

33 Úrody země tvé i všecko úsilí tvé sžíře národ, kteréhož ty neznáš, a nebudeš než potlačený a potřený po všecky dny.

34 A omámený budeš nad těmi věcmi, kteréž viděti budou oči tvé.

35 Raní tě Hospodin vředem nejhorším na kolenou i na lýtkách, tak že se nebudeš moci zhojiti, od spodku nohy tvé až do vrchu hlavy.

36 Zavede tě Hospodin i krále tvého, kteréhož ustanovíš nad sebou, do národu, kteréhož jsi ty neznal, ani předkové tvoji, a sloužiti tam budeš bohům cizím, dřevu a kameni.

37 A budeš k užasnutí a přísloví i v rozprávku všechněm národům, mezi kteréž zavede tě Hospodin.

38 Mnoho semene vyneseš na pole k rozsívání, a málo shromáždíš, nebo sžerou to kobylky.

39 Vinice štípíš a dělati je budeš, ale vína píti ani sbírati nebudeš, nebo červ sžíře je.

40 Olivoví hojnost míti budeš ve všech končinách svých, a však olejem se pomazovati nebudeš, nebo sprchne ovoce s olivy tvé.

41 Synů a dcer naplodíš, a nebudeš jich míti, nebo zajati budou.

42 Všecko stromoví tvé i úrody země tvé kobylky zkazí.

43 Cizozemec, kterýž s tebou přebývá, vzroste nad tebe, ty pak velice ponižovati se musíš.

44 On půjčovati bude tobě, a ty nebudeš míti, co bys půjčil jemu; on bude přednější, a ty poslednější.

45 A přijdou na tebe všecka zlořečenství tato a stíhati tě budou, a obklíčí tě, až i zahyneš, jestliže bys neuposlechl hlasu Hospodina Boha svého, a neostříhal přikázaní a ustanovení jeho, kteráž přikázal tobě.

46 A budou rány tyto znamením a zázrakem na tobě i semeni tvém až na věky,

47 Proto že jsi nesloužil Hospodinu Bohu svému s potěšením a veselím srdce, maje hojnost všech věcí.

48 A protož nepříteli svému, kteréhož poslal na tebe Hospodin, sloužiti musíš v hladu, žízni, v nahotě a v nedostatku všech věcí; a vloží na šíji tvou jho železné, dokudž tě nesetře.

49 Přivede Hospodin na tebe národ z daleka, od nejdalších končin země, jako letí orlice, národ, jehož jazyku nerozumíš,

50 Národ nestydatý, kterýž ani starce nebude šanovati, a nad dítětem se neslituje.

51 A sžíře plod dobytků tvých i úrody země tvé, dokudž nebudeš vyhlazen; a nezanechá tobě obilí, vína mladého a oleje, prvorozeného z skotů tvých, ani stáda bravů tvých, až tě i vyhladí.

52 A oblehne tě ve všech městech tvých, dokudž by nepadly zdi tvé vysoké a pevné, v nichž ty doufáš po vší zemi své; obležen, pravím, budeš ve všech městech svých, po vší zemi své, kterouž Hospodin Bůh tvůj dal tobě,

53 Tak že v obležení a ssoužení, jímž ssouží tě nepřítel tvůj, jísti budeš plod života svého, maso synů svých a dcer svých, kteréž by dal tobě Hospodin Bůh tvůj.

54 Člověk mezi vámi rozmazaný a v rozkoši schovaný záviděti bude bratru svému, i vlastní ženě své, i ostatním synům svým, kterýchž ještě zanechal,

55 Tak že neudělí žádnému z nich masa synů svých, kteréž jísti bude, proto že nezůstalo jemu nic jiného v obležení a v ssoužení, jímž ssouží tě nepřítel tvůj ve všech městech tvých.

56 Rozmazaná mezi vámi a v rozkoši schovaná žena, kteráž rozmazaností a rozkoší velikou ledva nohou země se dotkla, vlastnímu muži svému a synu svému i dceři své,

57 Také i lůžka svého, kteréž z ní vychází při porodu, ano i synů svých, kteréž zplodí, záviděti bude; nebo jísti je bude tajně pro nedostatek všech věcí v obležení a ssoužení, jímž ssouží tě nepřítel tvůj v městech tvých.

58 Nebudeš-li ostříhati a činiti všech slov zákona tohoto, kteráž psána jsou v knize této, abys se bál toho veleslavného a hrozného jména Hospodina Boha svého:

59 Rozmnoží ku podivení Hospodin rány tvé, a rány semene tvého, rány veliké a trvánlivé, i nemoci těžké a dlouhé.

60 A obrátí na tebe všecky neduhy Egyptské, jichžs se strašil, a přichytí se tebe.

61 Všelijaký také neduh a všelikou ránu, kteráž není psána v knize zákona tohoto, uvede Hospodin na tebe, dokudž nebudeš vyhlazen.

62 A zůstane vás maličko, ješto vás prvé bylo mnoho, jako hvězd nebeských, proto že jsi neposlouchal hlasu Hospodina Boha svého.

63 I stane se, že jakož se veselil Hospodin nad vámi, dobře vám čině a rozmnožuje vás, tak veseliti se bude Hospodin nad vámi, když vás zkazí a vyhladí, a vypléněni budete z země, do kteréž jdete, abyste dědičně vládli jí.

64 A rozptýlí tě Hospodin mezi všecky národy, od jednoho konce země až do druhého, a budeš tam sloužiti bohům cizím, kterýchž ty neznáš, ani otcové tvoji, dřevu a kameni.

65 A mezi národy těmi neoddechneš, aniž bude míti odpočinutí spodek nohy tvé; tam také dá Hospodin tobě srdce lekavé, a oči blíkavé, a truchlost mysli.

66 I bude život tvůj nejistý před tebou, a strašiti se budeš v noci i ve dne, a nikdež nebudeš jist svým životem.

67 Ráno díš: Ó by již byl večer! a večer díš: Ó by již bylo jitro! pro strach srdce svého, jímž se lekáš, a pro ty věci, na něž očima svýma hleděti musíš.

68 A zavede tě Hospodin do Egypta na lodech, cestou, o níž jsem řekl tobě: Nebudeš jí viděti více; a tam prodávati se budete nepřátelům svým za služebníky a děvky, a nebude, kdo by koupil.

   

Ze Swedenborgových děl

 

Arcana Coelestia # 9262

Prostudujte si tuto pasáž

  
/ 10837  
  

9262. 'And do not kill the innocent and the righteous' means detesting the destruction of good, interior and exterior. This is clear from the meaning of 'the innocent' as a person governed by interior good, and so in the abstract sense as interior good, dealt with below; from the meaning of 'the righteous' as a person governed by exterior good, and in the abstract sense as exterior good, since 'righteous' has reference to the good of love towards the neighbour, but 'innocent' to the good of love to the Lord - the good of love towards the neighbour being exterior good, and the good of love to the Lord being interior good; and from the meaning of 'killing' as destroying. The fact that 'righteous' means the good of love towards the neighbour will also be seen below. But the reason why 'the innocent' means the good of love to the Lord is that people endowed with innocence are those who love the Lord; for innocence consists in the acknowledgement in a person's heart that left to himself he intends nothing but evil and perceives nothing but falsity, and that all good of love and all truth of faith come from the Lord alone. No others can acknowledge these things in their heart except those who have been joined to the Lord in love. Such people inhabit the inmost heaven, which is accordingly called the heaven of innocence. Therefore the good that is theirs is interior good; for the Divine Good of Love coming from the Lord is that which inhabitants of the heaven of innocence receive. Therefore also they appear naked and also look like young children. So it is that innocence is represented by nakedness and also by early childhood. For its representation by nakedness, see 165, 213, 214, 8375; and by early childhood, 430, 1616, 2280, 2305, 2306, 3183, 3494, 4563, 4797, 5608 (end).

[2] From all that has just been stated regarding innocence it may be seen that what is Divine and the Lord's cannot be received except within innocence. This being so, good is not good unless there is innocence within it, 2526, 2780, 3994, 6765, 7840, 7887, that is, unless there is the acknowledgement that from the self nothing but evil and falsity arises and that from the Lord comes all goodness and truth. Believing the former about the self, and believing the latter about the Lord and also desiring it to be so, are what constitutes innocence. Therefore the good of innocence is God's goodness itself coming from the Lord and residing with a person. So it is that 'the innocent' means a person governed by interior good and in the abstract sense means interior good.

[3] Because 'the innocent' or 'innocence' means Divine Good coming from the Lord, shedding innocent blood was a thoroughly atrocious crime. And when it had been committed the whole land was under damnation until the crime had been expiated, as becomes clear from the process of investigation and absolution from guilt if someone had been found slain in the land. That process is spoken of in Moses as follows,

When one is found slain in the land, lying in the field, and it is not known who smote him, then your elders and your judges shall come out and they shall measure [the distance] to the cities which are around the one slain. It shall be however, that in the city nearest to the one slain the elders of this city shall take an ox's heifer by means of which no work has been done, which has not pulled in the yoke; and the elders of this city shall bring the heifer down to a barren valley which is neither tilled nor sown, and there they shall break the heifer's neck in the valley. Then the priests, the sons of Levi, shall come near, and all the elders of this city standing by the one slain. They shall wash their hands over the heifer whose neck has been broken in the valley; and they shall answer and say, Our hands have not shed this blood, and our eyes have not seen it; expiate Your people Israel whom You have redeemed, O Jehovah, and do not set innocent blood in the midst of Your people Israel. In this way the blood will be expiated for them. But you shall put away the innocent blood from the midst of you, if you do what is right in the eyes of Jehovah. Deuteronomy 21:1-10.

Anyone can see that this process of investigation and absolution from guilt when innocent blood had been shed in the land holds within it the arcana of heaven, of which people cannot have any knowledge at all unless they know what is meant by 'one slain, [lying] in the field', by 'an ox's heifer by means of which no work has been done, and which has not pulled in the yoke', by 'a barren valley which is neither tilled nor sown', by 'breaking the neck of the heifer in the valley', by 'washing hands over the heifer', and by all the other details of the process. Unless everything laid down had meant those arcana it would have been totally unsuitable for the Word that has been dictated by God and inspired in every word and part of a letter. For without its deeper meaning such a process would have been an observance which had nothing holy about it, indeed which had scarcely any value.

[4] But exactly which arcana lie within it is nevertheless evident from the internal sense, that is, if it is known that 'one slain in the land, lying in the field' means truth and good wiped out in the Church where good exists; that 'the city nearest to the one slain' means the truth taught by the Church whose good has been wiped out; that 'an ox's heifer by means of which no work has been done, and which has not pulled in the yoke' means the good of the external or natural man, who has not as yet, through enslavement to evil desires, drawn falsities into his faith and evils into his life; that 'a barren valley which is neither tilled nor sown' means the natural mind that is not cultivated with truths or forms of the good of faith owing to lack of knowledge; that 'breaking its neck in the valley' means purification, on account of absence of blame because it was due to lack of knowledge; and that 'washing the hand' means being absolved from that atrocious crime. Once these things are known it is evident that 'shedding innocent blood' means wiping out Divine Truth and Good that come from the Lord, thus the Lord Himself as He exists with a member of the Church.

[5] It should be recognized that this entire process represented in heaven the kind of crime that had no blame attached to the commission of it because it was due to ignorance that had innocence within it and was therefore as something not evil. Each detail within that process, even the smallest, represented some essential aspect of the reality portrayed by the whole. But which aspect each one represented is clear from the internal sense.

'One who has been slain' is truth and good that have been wiped out, see 4503.

'The land' is the Church, 662, 1066, 1067, 1262, 1413, 1607, 1733, 1850, 2117, 2118 (end), 2928, 3355, 4447, 4535, 5577, 8011, 8732.

'The field' is the Church in respect of good, thus the Church's good, 2971, 3310, 3766, 4982, 7502, 7571, 9139.

'The city' is teachings presenting the truth, thus the truth taught by the Church, 402, 2268, 2449, 2712, 2943, 3216, 4492, 4493.

'Ox' is the good of the external or natural man, 2180, 2566, 2781, 9134, so that 'a heifer' is good in its infancy, 1824, 1825.

[6] 'No work had been done by it, and it had not pulled in the yoke', it is evident, means that up to then it had not, owing to lack of knowledge, served falsities and evils; for 'working' and 'pulling in the yoke' mean serving.

'A valley' is the lower mind, which is called the natural mind, 3417, 4715; 'a barren valley' is that mind when devoid of truths and forms of good, 3908; so that 'a valley which is neither tilled nor sown' is the natural mind not yet cultivated with truths and forms of good, thus which is still lacking in knowledge, 'the seed with which it is sown' being the truth of faith, 1025, 1447, 1610, 1940, 2848, 3038, 3373, 3671, 6158.

'Breaking the neck' is expiation, because the slaughter of various beasts, like the offering of sacrifice, meant expiation.

'Washing the hand' means purification from falsities and evils, 3147; here therefore it means purification from that atrocious crime; for 'shedding blood' in general means violence done to goodness and truth, 9127, so that 'shedding innocent blood' means wiping out what is Divine residing with a person and comes from the Lord, thus the Lord Himself residing with that person; for truth and good residing with a person are the Lord Himself since they come from Him.

[7] The like is meant by 'shedding innocent blood' in Deuteronomy 19:10; 27:25; Isaiah 59:3, 7; Jeremiah 2:34; 7:6; 19:4; 22:3, 17; Joel 3:19; Psalms 94:21. 'One who is innocent' means in the proximate sense someone who is blameless and also free from evil, to which people also bore witness in former times by washing their hands, Psalms 26:6; 73:13; Matthew 27:24; John 18:38; 19:4. The reason for this is that good which comes from the Lord and resides with a person is blameless and free from evil; this good is the good of innocence in the internal sense, as has been shown. But good that is blameless and free from evil as it exists in the external man, which is exterior good, is called 'righteous', as also in David,

The throne of perdition will not be linked to You - those who gather themselves together against the soul of the righteous and condemn innocent blood. Psalms 94:20-21.

  
/ 10837  
  

Thanks to the Swedenborg Society for the permission to use this translation.

Ze Swedenborgových děl

 

Arcana Coelestia # 4535

Prostudujte si tuto pasáž

  
/ 10837  
  

4535. The preliminary sections of previous chapters - Chapter 26 onwards - explained what the Lord foretold about His Coming or THE CLOSE OF THE AGE. Frequently in those sections it has been shown that His Coming or the Close of the Age means the last period of the Church, which in the Word is called the Last Judgement. Those who do not look beyond the literal sense cannot know of the Last Judgement as anything else than the destruction of the world, the particular source for such an idea being the Book of Revelation. There it is said that [John] saw 'a new heaven and a new earth, for the former heaven and the former earth had passed away; and there was no more sea', and in addition that he saw 'the Holy City, new Jerusalem, coming down from God out of heaven', Revelation 21:1-2. Prophetical utterances in Isaiah, where similar predictions occur, are also a source of the same idea,

Behold, I am creating new heavens and a new earth; therefore the former things will not be remembered or come to mind. 1 Be glad and rejoice for ever in the things I am creating; behold, I will create Jerusalem a rejoicing, and her people a joy. Isaiah 65:17-18; 66:22.

[2] Those who do not look beyond the literal sense cannot conceive of anything else than this - that the whole sky together with this planet will be annihilated, and then the dead - for the first time - will rise again and dwell in the new heaven and on the new earth. But these places in the Word should not be understood in that way, as may be recognized from other places in the Word where the heavens and the earth are referred to. Those who have any belief in an internal sense can see plainly that 'a new heaven' and 'a new earth' are used to mean a new Church which takes over when the previous one passes away, 1733, 1850, 3355 (end), and that 'heaven' is the internal aspect of that new Church and 'earth' the external aspect of it.

[3] This last period of the previous Church and the first of the new one are also called the Close of the Age, about which the Lord has spoken in Matthew 24. They are called also His Coming, for at that time the Lord departs from the previous Church and comes to the new. The description of that period as the Close of the Age may also be seen from other places in the Word, as in Isaiah,

On that day a remnant will return, the remnant of Jacob, to the God of power. For though your people Israel will be as the sand of the sea, a remnant of it will return. The close has been determined, overflowing with righteousness, for the Lord Jehovih Zebaoth is bringing the whole earth to its close and to its determined end. Isaiah 10:20-23.

In the same prophet,

Now do not be derisive, lest your punishments increase, for a close and a cutting off I have heard from the Lord Jehovih Zebaoth over the whole earth. Isaiah 28:22.

In Jeremiah,

Thus said Jehovah, The whole earth will be a waste, yet I will not bring it to a close. Jeremiah 4:27.

In Zephaniah,

I will bring men into distress, and they will go as the blind, because they have sinned against Jehovah; and their blood will be poured out like dust, and their flesh like dung. For Jehovah will bring to a close, indeed to a hasty one, all the inhabitants of the earth. Zephaniah 1:17-18.

From each detail stated here it is evident that 'a close' means the last period of the Church and 'the earth' the Church itself.

[4] The reason why 'the earth (or land)' means the Church is that the land of Canaan was the land where the Church had existed since most ancient times, and later on where among the descendants of Jacob a representative of the Church existed. When this land is said to have been 'brought to a close' it is not the nation dwelling there that is meant but the holiness of worship which existed with the nation where the Church was. For the Word is spiritual; but the actual land is not spiritual, nor is the nation dwelling in it, only that which constitutes the Church there. For evidence that the land of Canaan was the land where the Church had existed from most ancient times, see 567, 3686, 4447, 4454, 4516, 4517; and this explains why 'the land' or 'the earth' in the Word means the Church, 566, 662, 1066, 1067, 1262, 3355, 4447. From all this one may see what is meant in Isaiah by 'bringing the whole earth to a close', and in Zephaniah by 'bringing all the inhabitants of the earth to a hasty one'. It is well known that the Jewish nation which inhabited that land was not 'brought to a close' but that the holiness of worship among them was.

[5] This meaning of 'the close' is even clearer in Daniel,

Seventy weeks have been decreed concerning your people and your holy city to bring transgression to a close and to seal up sins and to atone for iniquity, and to bring in everlasting righteousness, and to seal up vision and prophet, and to anoint the Most Holy Place. In the middle of the week he will cause sacrifice and offering to cease. At length upon the bird of desolations will come desolation; until a close and a cutting off will it drop upon the devastation. Daniel 9:24, 27.

[6] From this one may now see that the close of the age - about which the disciples were asking when they said to the Lord 'What will be the sign of Your coming and of the close of the age?' Matthew 24:3 - does not mean anything else than the final period of the Church. The same is also meant by the Lord's words, which are the very last in the same gospel,

Jesus said to the disciples, Teaching them to observe 2 all things whatever I have commanded you; and behold, I am with you at all times 3 even to the close of the age. Matthew 28:20.

The reason why the Lord said that He would be with the disciples even to the close of the age is that the Lord's twelve disciples are similar in meaning to the twelve tribes of Israel. That is to say, they mean all things of love and faith, and therefore all things of the Church, see 3354, 3488, 3858, as do the twelve tribes, 3858, 3926, 3939, 4060. The fact that the Church reaches its close when no charity exists there any longer, nor consequently any faith, has been shown several times already; and that within the Church at the present day, called the Christian Church, scarcely any trace of charity or consequently of faith survives there; and that the close of the age is accordingly now at hand, will in the Lord's Divine mercy be shown further on.

Poznámky pod čarou:

1. literally, come up upon the heart

2. Reading servare (to observe) for the imperative servate (observe)

3. literally, I am with you all the days

  
/ 10837  
  

Thanks to the Swedenborg Society for the permission to use this translation.