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3 Mosebok第4章

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1 Og Herren talte til Moses og sa:

2 Tal til Israels barn og si: Når nogen synder av vanvare mot noget av Herrens bud og gjør noget som han har forbudt å gjøre,

3 så skal han, dersom det er den salvede prest som synder og således fører skyld over folket, ofre Herren en ung okse uten lyte til bot for den synd han har gjort; det er hans syndoffer.

4 Han skal føre oksen frem for Herrens åsyn, til inngangen til sammenkomstens telt, og han skal legge sin hånd på oksens hode, og han skal slakte oksen for Herrens åsyn.

5 Så skal han - den salvede prest - ta av oksens blod og bære det inn i sammenkomstens telt.

6 Og han - presten - skal dyppe sin finger i blodet, og han skal sprenge av blodet syv ganger for Herrens åsyn, like foran helligdommens forheng.

7 Noget av blodet skal han stryke på hornene av alteret med den velluktende røkelse, det som står for Herrens åsyn i sammenkomstens telt; og resten av oksens blod skal han helle ut ved foten av brennofferalteret, som står ved inngangen til sammenkomstens telt.

8 Alt fettet på syndoffer-oksen skal han ta ut av den, både fettet som dekker innvollene, og alt det fett som er på innvollene,

9 og begge nyrene med det fett som er på dem, ved lendene, og den store leverlapp; den skal han ta ut sammen med nyrene.

10 Alt dette skal tas ut, likesom det tas ut av takkoffer-oksen; og presten skal brenne det på brennoffer-alteret.

11 Men oksens hud og alt dens kjøtt med hode og med føtter og innvoller og skarn,

12 hele oksen skal han føre utenfor leiren til et rent sted, der hvor de slår ut asken, og han skal brenne den op på veden; der hvor de slår ut asken, der skal den brennes.

13 Dersom det er hele Israels menighet som synder av vanvare mot noget av Herrens bud, så det er skjult for folkets øine, og de gjør noget som han har forbudt å gjøre, og således fører skyld over sig,

14 og så den synd de har gjort, blir vitterlig, da skal folket ofre en ung okse til syndoffer. Den skal de føre frem foran sammenkomstens telt,

15 og menighetens eldste skal legge sine hender på oksens hode for Herrens åsyn, og så skal oksen slaktes for Herrens åsyn.

16 Den salvede prest skal bære noget av oksens blod inn i sammenkomstens telt.

17 Og han - presten - skal dyppe sin finger i blodet og sprenge syv ganger for Herrens åsyn, like foran forhenget.

18 Noget av blodet skal han stryke på hornene av det alter som står for Herrens åsyn i sammenkomstens telt; og resten av blodet skal han helle ut ved foten av brennoffer-alteret, som står ved inngangen til sammenkomstens telt.

19 Alt fettet på oksen skal han ta ut av den og brenne på alteret.

20 Han skal gjøre med denne okse likesom han gjorde med den første syndoffer-okse. Og presten skal gjøre soning for dem, så de får forlatelse.

21 Så skal de føre oksen utenfor leiren og brenne den op likesom den første okse; det er syndofferet for menigheten.

22 Er det en høvding som synder av vanvare mot noget av Herrens, sin Guds bud og gjør noget som han har forbudt å gjøre, og således fører skyld over sig,

23 og så den synd han har gjort, blir vitterlig for ham, da skal han som sitt offer føre frem en gjetebukk, en han uten lyte.

24 Og han skal legge sin hånd på bukkens hode og slakte den på det sted hvor de slakter brennofferet for Herrens åsyn; det er et syndoffer.

25 Presten skal ta av syndofferets blod på sin finger og stryke det på hornene av brennoffer-alteret; og resten av blodet skal han helle ut ved foten av brennoffer-alteret.

26 Alt fettet skal han brenne på alteret likesom takkofferets fett. Og presten skal gjøre soning for ham og fri ham for hans synd, så han får forlatelse.

27 Dersom det er nogen av det menige folk som synder av vanvare mot noget av Herrens bud og gjør noget som han har forbudt å gjøre, og således fører skyld over sig,

28 og så den synd han har gjort, blir vitterlig for ham, da skal han som sitt offer for den synd han har gjort, føre frem en gjet uten lyte, en hun.

29 Og han skal legge sin hånd på syndofferets hode og slakte syndofferet der hvor brennofferet slaktes.

30 Presten skal ta av gjetens blod på sin finger og stryke det på hornene av brennoffer-alteret; og resten av blodet skal han helle ut ved alterets fot.

31 Alt fettet skal han ta ut, likesom fettet tas ut av takkofferet, og presten skal brenne det på alteret til en velbehagelig duft for Herren. Således skal presten gjøre soning for ham, så han får forlatelse.

32 Er det et får han fører frem som syndoffer, så skal han komme med en hun uten lyte.

33 Og han skal legge sin hånd på offerdyrets hode og slakte det til syndoffer på det sted hvor brennofferet slaktes.

34 Presten skal ta av syndofferets blod på sin finger og stryke det på hornene av brennoffer-alteret; og resten av blodet skal han helle ut ved alterets fot.

35 Alt fettet skal han ta ut, likesom fettet på fåret tas ut av takkofferet, og presten skal brenne det på alteret sammen med Herrens ildoffer. Således skal presten gjøre soning for ham for den synd han har gjort, så han får forlatelse.

   

来自斯威登堡的著作

 

Arcana Coelestia#10040

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10040. Since the flesh of the young bull together with its skin and dung was burned with fire outside the camp, it becomes clear that the good of love was not meant by its 'flesh' but the evil of [self] love, as accords with the things stated above in 10035 regarding its 'flesh', and in 10038 just above regarding 'the camp'. But the reason why they were allowed to eat the flesh of the sacrifice, as becomes clear from places which come further on, was that in its worship that nation was interested in the outward performance but not in anything internal, see the places referred to in 9320(end), 9380. And an outward performance devoid of anything internal is not at all holy because then it is something done merely by the body and spoken by the mouth, and the heart and soul are not in it. Nevertheless the outward performance devoid of anything internal was called holy because it represented holy and internal things, these being everything that belongs to love and faith received from the Lord and offered back to Him. Since that nation was by nature such they were not permitted to eat blood and fat, because 'blood' meant Divine Truth which composes faith, while 'fat' meant Divine Good which constitutes love, both of which are received from the Lord, see above in 10033. But they were permitted to eat the flesh of a sacrifice because this flesh meant the human proprium or selfhood, 10035; and the proprium of that nation was such that they worshipped the outward forms as being holy but made nothing whatever of their inward substance. And that worship - apart from the representative aspect of it, which was holy - was idolatrous, see 4281, 4311. Furthermore that flesh, as a representative sign, had no other meaning, when its blood represented Divine Truth and its fat Divine Good, 10033; for then that flesh represented something which was devoid of life and soul, as the outward devoid of the inward is, which is referred to as being dead and which is in keeping with the following words in Moses,

You shall not eat the blood, because the blood is the soul; and you shall not eat the soul with the flesh. Deuteronomy 12:23.

[2] The worship of the nation of the catholic religion, as it is called 1 , is almost the same; that is to say, its worship is outward, devoid of anything inward. The common people are prevented from knowing the inner truths of the Word, because they are forbidden to read it, for which reason also it has come about in the Lord's Divine Providence that in the Holy Supper the common people are given the bread or flesh, but not the wine or blood. And yet blood is that which gives life to flesh, even as wine gives it to bread. For just as the bread without the wine provides no nourishment to the body, neither therefore does the good of love, meant by the bread and the flesh, without the truth of faith, meant by the wine and the blood, provide any nourishment to the soul. In the Lord's Divine Providence it has also come about there that the priest should drink the wine, because by this is meant nourishing the soul by means of Divine Truth devoid of the good of love, which is something outwardly holy devoid of anything inwardly so. They have no knowledge that this has happened in the Lord's Divine Providence because they venerate outward things in an idolatrous manner and so have no idea about inward things. If it had been otherwise, then not unlike the Jews they would have profaned holy things. That drinking of the wine by the priest alone is also a sign that knowledge of Divine Truth resides with priests alone and not with the common people, except so far as they are willing to give them it. Regarding the Holy Supper, that the bread and flesh in it are the Divine Good of the Lord's Divine Love towards the human race, and people's love offered back to the Lord, and that the blood and wine are the Divine Truth emanating from the Lord's Divine Good, and so the truth of faith received from the Lord and offered back to Him, see 3464, 3813, 4211, 4217, 4735, 4976, 6135, 6377, 6789, 7850, 9127.

As regards when it was that the flesh of sacrifices should be taken outside the camp to be burned with fire, see Leviticus 4:11-12, 21; and when it was, and by whom, that it should be eaten, Leviticus 6:26-30; 7:6, 15-19; 19:5-6; Deuteronomy 12:7, 17-18, 27; 27:6-7.

脚注:

1. i.e. Roman Catholicism is seen to be a single nation whose secular as well as spiritual head is the Pope.

  
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Thanks to the Swedenborg Society for the permission to use this translation.

来自斯威登堡的著作

 

Arcana Coelestia#4211

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4211. 'And called his brothers to eat bread' means [an invitation] to make the good from the Lord's Divine Natural their own. This is clear from the meaning of 'brothers' as those who were now to be joined together by the covenant, that is, by friendship, and in the internal sense as those who are governed by good and truth (for such people are called 'brothers', see 367, 2360, 3303, 3459, 3803, 3815, 4121, 4191); from the meaning of 'eating' as making one's own, dealt with in 3168, 3513 (end), 3832 (for meals taken together and feasts among the ancients meant making things their own and being joined together by means of love and charity, 3596); and from the meaning of 'bread' as good that stems from love, dealt with in 276, 680, 1798, 3478, 3735, and in the highest sense means the Lord, 2165, 2177, 3478, 3813. Since 'bread' in the highest sense means the Lord it therefore means everything holy which comes from Him, that is, it means everything good and true. And since no other good exists which is good except the good of love and charity, 'bread' therefore means love and charity. Sacrifices in former times had no other meaning, and for that reason were referred to by the single word 'bread', see 2165. And some of the flesh of the sacrifices was eaten so that the heavenly feast - that is, a joining together through good flowing from love and charity - might be represented. The same is meant today by the Holy Supper, for this has replaced sacrifices and feasts of consecrated things. The Holy Supper is in the Church an external practice that has an internal reality within it, and by means of this reality it joins one who is governed by love and charity to heaven, and by means of heaven to the Lord. For in the Holy Supper too 'eating' means making one's own - 'the bread' being celestial love and 'the wine' spiritual love - so much so that while it is being eaten by one in a state of holiness nothing else is perceived in heaven.

[2] The reason why the phrase 'making the good from the Lord's Divine Natural their own' is used is that the subject is the good that exists with the gentiles, for it is this good that 'Laban' represents now, 4189. When man is joined to the Lord he is not joined to His Supreme Divine itself but to His Divine Human, for man cannot have any idea at all of the Lord's Supreme Divine, because this lies so far beyond anything he can conceive of that it fades from view altogether and ceases to mean anything to him. But he is able to have an idea of His Divine Human. For everyone is joined through thought and affection to one of whom he can have some idea but not to one of whom he cannot have any idea. If, when a person thinks about the Lord's Human, holiness is present in his ideas he also thinks of the holiness which comes from the Lord and fills heaven, and at the same time he thinks of heaven, since heaven in its entirety corresponds to a complete human being, which correspondence has its origin in the Lord, 684, 1276, 2996, 2998, 3624-3649. This explains why it is not possible to be joined to the Lord's Supreme Divine, only to His Divine Human, and through that Divine Human to His Supreme Divine. Hence the statement in John 1:18 about nobody, except the only begotten Son, ever having seen God, also the statement about there being no way to the Father except through Him; as well as from the statement that He is the Mediator. The truth of all this can be plainly recognized from the fact that all within the Church who declare their belief in a Supreme Being and yet set the Lord at nought are people who have no belief in anything at all, not even in the existence of heaven or of hell, and who worship nature. And if such people are ready to learn from experience it will be clear to them that the wicked, even those who are extremely so, declare a like belief.

[3] But the way in which people think of the Lord's Human varies, one person's ideas being different from another's, and one person's more holy than another's. Those within the Church are able to think that His Human is Divine, and also that He is one with the Father, as He Himself says that the Father is in Him and He is in the Father. But those outside the Church are unable to do this, for one thing because they do not know anything about the Lord and for another because their idea of the Divine is gained solely from visible images and tangible idols. Nevertheless the Lord joins Himself to them by means of the good they do from the charity and obedience present within their crude notions of Him. And this is why mention is made here about them making the good from the Lord's Divine Natural their own. For when the Lord is joined to man the state of thought and consequent affection in him determines the exact nature of that conjunction. Those who have an entirely holy conception of the Lord and who at the same time have a true knowledge of and affections for what is good and true - as those within the Church are able to have - have been joined to the Lord as to His Divine Rational. Those however who do not have so holy a notion of Him and who do not have so interior a notion and affection, and yet the good of charity exists with them, have been joined to the Lord as regards His Divine Natural. And those whose holiness is cruder still are joined to the Lord as to His Divine Sensory Perception. This last type of joining is what is represented by 'the bronze serpent', in that those who looked at it recovered from serpent-bites, Numbers 21:9. This is the type of joining together which those among the gentiles have who worship idols and yet lead charitable lives in accordance with their own religion. From these considerations one may now see what is meant by making the good from the Lord's Divine Natural their own, meant by 'Jacob called his brothers to eat bread'.

  
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Thanks to the Swedenborg Society for the permission to use this translation.