圣经文本

 

레위기第6章

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1 여호와께서 모세에게 일러 가라사대

2 누구든지 여호와께 신실치 못하여 범죄하되 곧 남의 물건을 맡거나 전당 잡거나 강도질하거나 늑봉하고도 사실을 부인하거나

3 남의 잃은 물건을 얻고도 사실을 부인하여 거짓 맹세하는 등 사람이 이 모든 일 중에 하나라도 행하여 범죄하면

4 이는 죄를 범하였고 죄가 있는 자니 그 빼앗은 것이나 늑봉한 것이나 맡은 것이나 얻은 유실물이나

5 무릇 그 거짓 맹세한 물건을 돌려 보내되 곧 그 본물에 오분 일을 더하여 돌려 보낼 것이니 그 죄가 드러나는 날에 그 임자에게 줄 것이요

6 그는 또 그 속건제를 여호와께 가져 올지니 곧 너의 지정한 가치대로 떼 중 흠 없는 수양을 속건 제물을 위하여 제사장에게로 끌어 올 것이요

7 제사장은 여호와 앞에서 그를 위하여 속죄한즉 그는 무슨 허물이든지 사함을 얻으리라 !

8 여호와께서 모세에게 일러 가라사대

9 아론과 그 자손에게 명하여 이르라 번제의 규례는 이러하니라 번제물은 단 위 석쇠 위에 아침까지 두고 단의 불로 그 위에서 꺼지지 않게 할 것이요

10 제사장은 세마포 긴 옷을 입고 세마포 고의로 하체를 가리우고 단 위에서 탄 번제의 재를 가져다가 단 곁에 두고

11 그 옷을 벗고 다른 옷을 입고 그 재를 진 바깥 정결한 곳으로 가져 갈 것이요

12 단 위에 불은 항상 피워 꺼지지 않게 할지니 제사장은 아침마다 나무를 그 위에 태우고 번제물을 그 위에 벌여놓고 화목제의 기름을 그 위에 사를지며

13 불은 끊이지 않고 단 위에 피워 꺼지지 않게 할지니라

14 소제의 규례는 이러하니라 아론의 자손은 그것을 단 앞 여호와 앞에 드리되

15 그 소제의 고운 기름 가루 한 웅큼과 소제물 위의 유향을 다 취하여 기념물로 단 위에 불살라 여호와 앞에 향기로운 냄새가 되게 하고

16 그 나머지는 아론과 그 자손이 먹되 누룩을 넣지 말고 거룩한 곳 회막 뜰에서 먹을지니라 !

17 그것에 누룩을 넣어 굽지 말라 ! 이는 나의 화제 중에서 내가 그들에게 주어 그 소득이 되게 하는 것이라 속죄제와 속건제같이 지극히 거룩한즉

18 무릇 아론 자손의 남자는 이를 먹을지니 이는 여호와의 화제 중에서 그들의 대대로 영원한 소득이 됨이라 이를 만지는 자마다 거룩하니라 !

19 여호와께서 모세에게 일러 가라사대

20 아론과 그 자손이 기름 부음을 받는 날에 여호와께 드릴 예물은 이러하니라 고운 가루 에바 십분 일을 항상 드리는 소제물로 삼아 그 절반은 아침에,절반은 저녁에 드리되

21 그것을 기름으로 반죽하여 번철에 굽고 기름에 적시어다가 썰어 소제로 여호와께 드려 향기로운 냄새가 되게 하라

22 이 소제는 아론의 자손 중 기름 부음을 받고 그를 이어 제사장 된 자가 드릴 것이요, 영원한 규례로 여호와께 온전히 불사를 것이니

23 무릇 제사장의 소제물은 온전히 불사르고 먹지 말지니라 !

24 여호와께서 모세에게 일러 가라사대

25 아론과 그 아들들에게 고하여 이르라 ! 속죄제의 규례는 이러하니라 속죄제 희생은 지극히 거룩하니 여호와 앞 번제 희생을 잡는 곳에서 그 속죄제 희생을 잡을 것이요

26 죄를 위하여 제사드리는 제사장이 그것을 먹되 곧 회막 뜰 거룩한 곳에서 먹을 것이며

27 무릇 그 고기에 접촉하는 자는 거룩할 것이며 그 피가 어떤 옷에든지 묻었으면 묻은 그것을 거룩한 곳에서 빨 것이요

28 그 고기를 토기에 삶았으면 그 그릇을 깨뜨릴 것이요, 유기에 삶았으면 그 그릇을 닦고 물에 씻을 것이며

29 그 고기는 지극히 거룩하니 제사장의 남자마다 먹을 것이니라

30 그러나 피를 가지고 회막에 들어가 성소에서 속하게 한 속죄제 희생의 고기는 먹지 못할지니 불사를지니라

   

来自斯威登堡的著作

 

Arcana Coelestia#8680

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8680. 'And Jethro, the father-in-law of Moses, took a burnt offering and sacrifices for God' means worship springing from the good of love and the truths of faith. This is clear from the meaning of 'a burnt offering and sacrifices' as representatives of celestial and spiritual realities that belong to internal worship, 'burnt offerings' being representative of celestial realities, that is, aspects of the good of love, and 'sacrifices' being representative of spiritual ones, that is, aspects of the truth of faith, dealt with in 922, 923, 1823, 2180, 2805, 2807, 2830, 3218, 3519, 6905. The representation of 'burnt offerings' as aspects of the good of love, and of 'sacrifices' as aspects of the truth of faith, is clear from their institution - from the requirement that in burnt offerings everything was to be burnt, both the flesh and the blood, but that in sacrifices the flesh was to be eaten, as may be seen in chapters 1-5 of Leviticus; Numbers 28; and in Deuteronomy, where the following words occur,

You are to present, your burnt offerings, the flesh and the blood, on the altar of Jehovah your God; the blood of the sacrifices shall be poured out on the altar of Jehovah your God, and the flesh you shall eat. Deuteronomy 12:27.

The reason why those two realities were represented by the burnt offerings and sacrifices is that burnt offerings and sacrifices represented all worship of God in general, 923, 6905; and worship of God in general is founded on love and faith. Without these it is not worship, only ritual such as is performed by the external man who has no internal and so no life within him.

  
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Thanks to the Swedenborg Society for the permission to use this translation.

来自斯威登堡的著作

 

Arcana Coelestia#3519

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3519. 'And take for me from there two good kids of the she-goats' means truths born from that good. This is clear from the meaning of 'kids of the she-goats' as truths born from good, dealt with below. The reason for having 'two' was that as in the rational so in the natural there are things of the will and those of the understanding. Things in the natural that belong to the will are delights, while those that belong to the understanding are facts. These two have to be joined together if they are to be anything at all.

[2] As regards 'kids of the she-goats' meaning truths born from good, this becomes clear from those places in the Word where kids and she-goats are mentioned. It should be recognized that all gentle and useful beasts mentioned in the Word mean in the genuine sense celestial things, which are forms of good, and spiritual things, which are forms of truth, see 45, 46, 142, 143, 246, 714, 715, 776, 2179, 2180, 2781, 3218. And since there are various genera of celestial things or forms of good, and consequently there are various genera of spiritual things or forms of truth, one beast has a different meaning from another; that is to say, a lamb has one meaning, a kid another, and a sheep, she-goat, ram, he-goat, young bull, or ox another, while a horse or a camel has yet another meaning. Birds have a different meaning again, as also do beasts of the sea, such as sea monsters, and fish. The genera of celestial and spiritual things, and consequently of forms of good and truth, are more than anyone can number, even though when that which is celestial or good is mentioned, and also when that which is spiritual or truth, this is not envisaged as being anything complex, consisting of many parts, but as a single entity. Yet how complex both of these are, that is, how countless the genera are of which they consist, may be seen from what has been stated about heaven in 3241, to the effect that it is distinguished into countless separate communities, according to the genera of celestial and spiritual things, that is, of goods of love and of derivative truths of faith. Furthermore each genus of good and each genus of truth has countless species into which the communities of each genus are separated. And each species in a similar way has separate sub-species.

[3] The commonest genera of good and truth are what the living creatures offered as burnt offerings and sacrifices represented. And because the genera are quite distinct and separate, people were explicitly commanded to use those living creatures and no others, that is to say, in some sacrifices lambs and ewe-lambs, and also kids and female kids of she-goats were to be used, in other sacrifices rams and sheep, and also he-goats, were to be used, while in other sacrifices again, calves, young bulls, and oxen, or else pigeons and doves, were to be used, see 992, 1823, 2180, 2805, 2807, 2830, 3218. What kids and she-goats meant however becomes clear both from the sacrifices in which they used to be offered and from other places in the Word. These show that lambs and ewe-lambs meant innocence belonging to the internal or rational man, and kids and she-goats innocence belonging to the external or natural man, and so the truth and the good of the latter.

[4] The fact that truth and good present in the innocence that belongs to the external or natural man is meant by a kid and a she-goat is clear from the following places in the Word: In Isaiah,

The wolf will dwell with the lamb, and the leopard will lie down with the kid, the calf also and the young lion and the sheep together; and a little child will lead them. Isaiah 11:6.

This refers to the Lord's kingdom and to the state there in which people have no fear of evil, that is, no dread of hell, because they are with the Lord. 'The lamb' and 'the kid' stand for people who have innocence within them, and who, being the most secure of all, are mentioned first.

[5] When all the firstborn of Egypt were smitten the people were commanded to kill from among the lambs or among the kids a male without blemish, and to put some of the blood on the doorposts and on the lintel of their houses; and so the destroyer would not strike them with the plague, Exodus 12:5, 7, 13. 'The firstborn of Egypt' means the good of love and charity that was wiped out, 3325. 'The lambs' and 'the kids' are states of innocence, in which those with whom these exist are secure from evil. Indeed all in heaven are kept secure by the Lord through states of innocence. That security was represented by the killing of the lamb or kid, and putting the blood on the doorposts and on the lintel of the houses. .

[6] To avert his own death when a person saw Jehovah manifested as an angel he would sacrifice 'a kid of the she-goats', as Gideon did when he saw Him, Judges 6:19, and also Manoah, Judges 13:15-16, 19. The reason they offered a kid was that Jehovah or the Lord cannot appear to anybody, not even to an angel, unless the one to whom He appears is in a state of innocence. Therefore as soon as the Lord is present people are brought into a state of innocence, for the Lord enters in by way of innocence, even with angels in heaven. Consequently no one is able to enter heaven unless he has a measure of innocence, according to the Lord's words recorded in Matthew 18:3; Mark 10:15; Luke 18:17. Regarding people's belief that they would die when Jehovah appeared to them if they did not offer such a burnt offering, see Judges 13:22-23.

[7] Since genuine conjugial love is innocence itself, 2736, it was customary in the representative Church for a man to go to his wife with the gift of a kid of the she-goats, as one reads of Samson in Judges 15:1, and also of Judah when he visited Tamar, Genesis 38:17, 20, 23. The fact that 'a kid' and 'a she-goat' meant innocence is also evident from the sacrifices made as guilt offerings that a person would offer if he had sinned through error, Leviticus 1:10; 4:28; 5:6. Sinning through error is sinning through ignorance that has innocence within it. The same is evident from the following Divine command in Moses,

You shall bring the first of the firstfruits of your land to the house of Jehovah your God. You shall not boil a kid in its mother's milk. Exodus 23:19; 34:26.

Here the requirement 'to bring the firstfruits of the land to the house of Jehovah' means the state of innocence which exists in early childhood; and 'not boiling a kid in its mother's milk' means that they were not to destroy the innocence of early childhood. This being their meaning, the one command, in both places referred to, follows directly after the other. In the literal sense there seems to be no connection at all between them as there is in the internal sense.

[8] Because kids and she-goats, as has been stated, meant innocence it was also required that the curtains over the tabernacle should be made from she-goat hair, Exodus 25:4; 26:7; 35:5-6, 23, 26; 36:14, as a sign that all the holy things represented in it depended for their very being on innocence. 'She-goat hair' means the last or outermost degree of innocence present in ignorance, such as exists with gentiles who in the internal sense are meant by the curtains of the tabernacle. These considerations now show what truths born of good are, and what the nature of these is, meant by the two good kids of the she-goats which Rebekah his mother spoke about to Jacob. That is to say, they are truths belonging to innocence or early childhood, meant also by the things which Esau was to bring to Isaac his father, dealt with in 3501, 3508. They were not in fact such truths, but initially they appeared to be. Thus it was that Jacob pretended by means of them to be Esau.

  
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Thanks to the Swedenborg Society for the permission to use this translation.