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Λευιτικόν第1章

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1 Και εκαλεσε Κυριος τον Μωυσην και ελαλησε προς αυτον εκ της σκηνης του μαρτυριου, λεγων,

2 Λαλησον προς τους υιους Ισραηλ και ειπε προς αυτους, Εαν τις απο σας προσφερη δωρον προς τον Κυριον, θελετε προσφερει το δωρον σας απο των κτηνων, απο των βοων η απο των προβατων.

3 Εαν το δωρον αυτου ηναι ολοκαυτωμα απο των βοων, αρσενικον αμωμον ας προσφερη αυτο· παρα την θυραν της σκηνης του μαρτυριου θελει προσφερει αυτο, δια να ηναι δεκτον ενωπιον του Κυριου.

4 Και θελει επιθεσει την χειρα αυτου επι την κεφαλην του ολοκαυτωματος και θελει εισθαι δεκτον υπερ αυτου, δια να γεινη εξιλεωσις περι αυτου.

5 Και θελουσι σφαξει τον μοσχον ενωπιον Κυριου· και οι υιοι του Ααρων, οι ιερεις, θελουσι φερει το αιμα και θελουσι ραντισει το αιμα κυκλω επι το θυσιαστηριον το παρα την θυραν της σκηνης του μαρτυριου.

6 Και θελουσιν εκδαρει το ολοκαυτωμα και θελουσι διαμελισει αυτο κατα τα μελη αυτου.

7 Και οι υιοι του Ααρων του ιερεως θελουσι βαλει πυρ επι το θυσιαστηριον και θελουσι στοιβασει ξυλα επι το πυρ.

8 Και οι υιοι του Ααρων, οι ιερεις, θελουσιν επιστοιβασει τα μελη, την κεφαλην και το στεαρ, επι τα ξυλα τα επι του πυρος, του επι του θυσιαστηριου·

9 τα δε εντοσθια αυτου και τους ποδας αυτου θελουσι πλυνει με υδωρ· και θελει καυσει ο ιερευς τα παντα επι του θυσιαστηριου· ολοκαυτωμα ειναι, θυσια γινομενη δια πυρος εις οσμην ευωδιας προς τον Κυριον.

10 Εαν δε το δωρον αυτου δια το ολοκαυτωμα ηναι εκ των ποιμνιων, εκ των προβατων η εκ των αιγων, αρσενικον αμωμον θελει προσφερει αυτο.

11 Και θελουσι σφαξει αυτο εις τα πλαγια του θυσιαστηριου προς βορραν ενωπιον Κυριου· και θελουσι ραντισει οι υιοι του Ααρων, οι ιερεις, το αιμα αυτου επι το θυσιαστηριον κυκλω·

12 και θελουσι διαμελισει αυτο κατα τα μελη αυτου και την κεφαλην αυτου και το στεαρ αυτου· και θελει επιστοιβασει αυτα ο ιερευς επι τα ξυλα τα επι του πυρος του επι του θυσιαστηριου·

13 τα δε εντοσθια και τους ποδας θελουσι πλυνει με υδωρ· και θελει φερει τα παντα ο ιερευς και καυσει αυτα επι του θυσιαστηριου· ολοκαυτωμα ειναι, θυσια γινομενη δια πυρος εις οσμην ευωδιας προς τον Κυριον.

14 Και εαν το δωρον αυτου προς τον Κυριον ηναι ολοκαυτωμα απο πτηνων, τοτε θελει προσφερει το δωρον αυτου απο τρυγονων η απο νεοσσων περιστερων.

15 Και θελει προσαγαγει αυτο ο ιερευς προς το θυσιαστηριον και θελει αποκοψει δια των ονυχων την κεφαλην αυτου και καυσει αυτο επι του θυσιαστηριου· και το αιμα αυτου θελει στραγγισει προς το πλαγιον του θυσιαστηριου·

16 και θελει εκβαλει τον προλοβον αυτου μετα της κοπρου αυτου και ριψει αυτα εις τα πλαγια του θυσιαστηριου κατα ανατολας, εις τον τοπον της στακτης·

17 και θελει διασχισει αυτο εκ των πτερυγων αυτου, πλην δεν θελει διαχωρισει και θελει καυσει αυτο ο ιερευς επι του θυσιαστηριου, επι των ξυλων των επι του πυρος· ολοκαυτωμα ειναι, θυσια γινομενη δια πυρος εις οσμην ευωδιας προς τον Κυριον.

来自斯威登堡的著作

 

Arcana Coelestia#8680

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8680. 'And Jethro, the father-in-law of Moses, took a burnt offering and sacrifices for God' means worship springing from the good of love and the truths of faith. This is clear from the meaning of 'a burnt offering and sacrifices' as representatives of celestial and spiritual realities that belong to internal worship, 'burnt offerings' being representative of celestial realities, that is, aspects of the good of love, and 'sacrifices' being representative of spiritual ones, that is, aspects of the truth of faith, dealt with in 922, 923, 1823, 2180, 2805, 2807, 2830, 3218, 3519, 6905. The representation of 'burnt offerings' as aspects of the good of love, and of 'sacrifices' as aspects of the truth of faith, is clear from their institution - from the requirement that in burnt offerings everything was to be burnt, both the flesh and the blood, but that in sacrifices the flesh was to be eaten, as may be seen in chapters 1-5 of Leviticus; Numbers 28; and in Deuteronomy, where the following words occur,

You are to present, your burnt offerings, the flesh and the blood, on the altar of Jehovah your God; the blood of the sacrifices shall be poured out on the altar of Jehovah your God, and the flesh you shall eat. Deuteronomy 12:27.

The reason why those two realities were represented by the burnt offerings and sacrifices is that burnt offerings and sacrifices represented all worship of God in general, 923, 6905; and worship of God in general is founded on love and faith. Without these it is not worship, only ritual such as is performed by the external man who has no internal and so no life within him.

  
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Thanks to the Swedenborg Society for the permission to use this translation.

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Exodus第18章

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1 Now Jethro, the priest of Midian, Moses' father-in-law, heard of all that God had done for Moses, and for Israel his people, how that Yahweh had brought Israel out of Egypt.

2 Jethro, Moses' father-in-law, received Zipporah, Moses' wife, after he had sent her away,

3 and her two sons. The name of one son was Gershom, for Moses said, "I have lived as a foreigner in a foreign land".

4 The name of the other was Eliezer, for he said, "My father's God was my help and delivered me from Pharaoh's sword."

5 Jethro, Moses' father-in-law, came with his sons and his wife to Moses into the wilderness where he was encamped, at the Mountain of God.

6 He said to Moses, "I, your father-in-law Jethro, have come to you with your wife, and her two sons with her."

7 Moses went out to meet his father-in-law, and bowed and kissed him. They asked each other of their welfare, and they came into the tent.

8 Moses told his father-in-law all that Yahweh had done to Pharaoh and to the Egyptians for Israel's sake, all the hardships that had come on them on the way, and how Yahweh delivered them.

9 Jethro rejoiced for all the goodness which Yahweh had done to Israel, in that he had delivered them out of the hand of the Egyptians.

10 Jethro said, "Blessed be Yahweh, who has delivered you out of the hand of the Egyptians, and out of the hand of Pharaoh; who has delivered the people from under the hand of the Egyptians.

11 Now I know that Yahweh is greater than all gods because of the thing in which they dealt arrogantly against them."

12 Jethro, Moses' father-in-law, took a burnt offering and sacrifices for God. Aaron came with all of the elders of Israel, to eat bread with Moses' father-in-law before God.

13 It happened on the next day, that Moses sat to judge the people, and the people stood around Moses from the morning to the evening.

14 When Moses' father-in-law saw all that he did to the people, he said, "What is this thing that you do for the people? Why do you sit alone, and all the people stand around you from morning to evening?"

15 Moses said to his father-in-law, "Because the people come to me to inquire of God.

16 When they have a matter, they come to me, and I judge between a man and his neighbor, and I make them know the statutes of God, and his laws."

17 Moses' father-in-law said to him, "The thing that you do is not good.

18 You will surely wear away, both you, and this people that is with you; for the thing is too heavy for you. You are not able to perform it yourself alone.

19 Listen now to my voice. I will give you counsel, and God be with you. You represent the people before God, and bring the causes to God.

20 You shall teach them the statutes and the laws, and shall show them the way in which they must walk, and the work that they must do.

21 Moreover you shall provide out of all the people able men, such as fear God: men of truth, hating unjust gain; and place such over them, to be rulers of thousands, rulers of hundreds, rulers of fifties, and rulers of tens.

22 Let them judge the people at all times. It shall be that every great matter they shall bring to you, but every small matter they shall judge themselves. So shall it be easier for you, and they shall share the load with you.

23 If you will do this thing, and God commands you so, then you will be able to endure, and all of these people also will go to their place in peace."

24 So Moses listened to the voice of his father-in-law, and did all that he had said.

25 Moses chose able men out of all Israel, and made them heads over the people, rulers of thousands, rulers of hundreds, rulers of fifties, and rulers of tens.

26 They judged the people at all times. They brought the hard causes to Moses, but every small matter they judged themselves.

27 Moses let his father-in-law depart, and he went his way into his own land.