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1 Mose第38章

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1 Es begab sich um dieselbe Zeit, daß Juda hinabzog von seinen Brüdern und tat sich zu einem Mann von Adullam, der hieß Hira.

2 Und Juda sah daselbst eines Kanaaniter-Mannes Tochter, der hieß Sua, und nahm sie. Und da er zu ihr einging,

3 ward sie schwanger und gebar einen Sohn, den hieß er Ger.

4 Und sie ward abermals schwanger und gebar einen Sohn, den hieß sie Onan.

5 Sie gebar abermals einen Sohn, den hieß sie Sela; und er war zu Chesib, da sie ihn gebar.

6 Und Juda gab seinem ersten Sohn, Ger, ein Weib, die hieß Thamar.

7 Aber Ger war böse vor dem HERRN; darum tötete ihn der HERR.

8 Da sprach Juda zu Onan: Gehe zu deines Bruders Weib und nimm sie zur Ehe, daß du deinem Bruder Samen erweckest.

9 Aber da Onan wußte, daß der Same nicht sein eigen sein sollte, wenn er einging zu seines Bruders Weib, ließ er's auf die Erde fallen und verderbte es, auf daß er seinem Bruder nicht Samen gäbe.

10 Da gefiel dem HERRN übel, was er tat, und er tötete ihn auch.

11 Da sprach Juda zu seiner Schwiegertochter Thamar: Bleibe eine Witwe in deines Vaters Hause, bis mein Sohn Sela groß wird. Denn er gedachte, vielleicht möchte er auch sterben wie seine Brüder. Also ging Thamar hin und blieb in ihres Vaters Hause.

12 Da nun viele Tage verlaufen waren, starb des Sua Tochter, Juda's Weib. Und nachdem Juda ausgetrauert hatte, ging er hinauf seine Schafe zu scheren, gen Thimnath mit seinem Freunde Hira von Adullam.

13 Da ward der Thamar angesagt: Siehe, dein Schwiegervater geht hinauf gen Thimnath, seine Schafe zu scheren.

14 Da legte sie die Witwenkleider von sich, die sie trug, deckte sich mit einem Mantel und verhüllte sich und setzte sich vor das Tor von Enaim an dem Wege gen Thimnath; denn sie sah, daß Sela war groß geworden, und sie ward ihm nicht zum Weibe gegeben.

15 Da sie nun Juda sah, meinte er, sie wäre eine Hure; denn sie hatte ihr Angesicht verdeckt.

16 Und er machte sich zu ihr am Wege und sprach: Laß mich doch zu dir kommen; denn er wußte nicht, daß es seine Schwiegertochter wäre. Sie antwortete: Was willst du mir geben, daß du zu mir kommst?

17 Er sprach: Ich will dir einen Ziegenbock von der Herde senden. Sie antwortete: So gib mir ein Pfand, bis daß du mir's sendest.

18 Er sprach: Was willst du für ein Pfand, das ich dir gebe? Sie antwortete: Deinen Ring und deine Schnur und deinen Stab, den du in den Händen hast. Da gab er's ihr und kam zu ihr; und sie ward von ihm schwanger.

19 Und sie machte sich auf und ging hin und zog ihre Witwenkleider wieder an.

20 Juda aber sandte den Ziegenbock durch seinen Freund Adullam, daß er das Pfand wieder holte von dem Weibe; und er fand sie nicht.

21 Da fragte er die Leute: Wo ist die Hure, die zu Enaim am Wege saß? Sie antworteten: Es ist keine Hure da gewesen.

22 Und er kam wieder zu Juda und sprach: Ich habe sie nicht gefunden; dazu sagen die Leute des Orts, es sei keine Hure da gewesen.

23 Juda sprach: Sie mag's behalten; sie kann uns doch nicht Schande nachsagen, denn ich habe den Bock gesandt, so hast du sie nicht gefunden.

24 ber drei Monate ward Juda angesagt: Deine Schwiegertochter Thamar hat gehurt; dazu siehe, ist sie von der Hurerei schwanger geworden. Juda spricht: Bringt sie hervor, daß sie verbrannt werde.

25 Und da man sie hervorbrachte, schickte sie zu ihrem Schwiegervater und sprach: Von dem Mann bin ich schwanger, des dies ist. Und sprach: Kennst du auch, wes dieser Ring und diese Schnur und dieser Stab ist?

26 Juda erkannte es und sprach: Sie ist gerechter als ich; denn ich habe sie nicht gegeben meinen Sohn Sela. Doch erkannte er sie fürder nicht mehr.

27 Und da sie gebären sollte, wurden Zwillinge in ihrem Leib gefunden.

28 Und als sie jetzt gebar, tat sich eine Hand heraus. Da nahm die Wehmutter einen roten Faden und band ihn darum und sprach: Der wird zuerst herauskommen.

29 Da aber der seine Hand wieder hineinzog, kam sein Bruder heraus; und sie sprach: Warum hast du um deinetwillen solchen Riß gerissen? Und man hieß ihn Perez.

30 Darnach kam sein Bruder heraus, der den roten Faden um seine Hand hatte. Und man hieß ihn Serah.

   

来自斯威登堡的著作

 

Arcana Coelestia#4871

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4871. 'And he said, I will send a kid of the she-goats from the flock' means a pledge assuring a joining together. This is clear from the meaning of 'a kid of the she-goats' as innocence present in the external or natural man, dealt with in 3519; and being innocence it is a pledge of conjugial love or a pledge assuring a joining together, for genuine conjugial love consists in innocence, see 2736. From this arose the custom received from the ancients that when they went in once again to their wives men would send ahead of them 'a kid of the she-goats', as is also evident from what is recorded concerning Samson in the Book of Judges,

It happened after a while, 1 in the days of the wheat harvest, that Samson visited his wife with a kid of the she-goats; for he said, I will go in to my wife into the chamber. Judges 15:1.

Much the same situation is described here in Genesis; but as the promised kid of the she-goats was not going to be accepted by her, Tamar asked for a pledge. The expression 'pledge assuring a joining together' is used, not a conjugial pledge, because on Judah's side the joining together was as it is with a prostitute.

脚注:

1. literally, after days

  
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Thanks to the Swedenborg Society for the permission to use this translation.

来自斯威登堡的著作

 

Arcana Coelestia#3519

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3519. 'And take for me from there two good kids of the she-goats' means truths born from that good. This is clear from the meaning of 'kids of the she-goats' as truths born from good, dealt with below. The reason for having 'two' was that as in the rational so in the natural there are things of the will and those of the understanding. Things in the natural that belong to the will are delights, while those that belong to the understanding are facts. These two have to be joined together if they are to be anything at all.

[2] As regards 'kids of the she-goats' meaning truths born from good, this becomes clear from those places in the Word where kids and she-goats are mentioned. It should be recognized that all gentle and useful beasts mentioned in the Word mean in the genuine sense celestial things, which are forms of good, and spiritual things, which are forms of truth, see 45, 46, 142, 143, 246, 714, 715, 776, 2179, 2180, 2781, 3218. And since there are various genera of celestial things or forms of good, and consequently there are various genera of spiritual things or forms of truth, one beast has a different meaning from another; that is to say, a lamb has one meaning, a kid another, and a sheep, she-goat, ram, he-goat, young bull, or ox another, while a horse or a camel has yet another meaning. Birds have a different meaning again, as also do beasts of the sea, such as sea monsters, and fish. The genera of celestial and spiritual things, and consequently of forms of good and truth, are more than anyone can number, even though when that which is celestial or good is mentioned, and also when that which is spiritual or truth, this is not envisaged as being anything complex, consisting of many parts, but as a single entity. Yet how complex both of these are, that is, how countless the genera are of which they consist, may be seen from what has been stated about heaven in 3241, to the effect that it is distinguished into countless separate communities, according to the genera of celestial and spiritual things, that is, of goods of love and of derivative truths of faith. Furthermore each genus of good and each genus of truth has countless species into which the communities of each genus are separated. And each species in a similar way has separate sub-species.

[3] The commonest genera of good and truth are what the living creatures offered as burnt offerings and sacrifices represented. And because the genera are quite distinct and separate, people were explicitly commanded to use those living creatures and no others, that is to say, in some sacrifices lambs and ewe-lambs, and also kids and female kids of she-goats were to be used, in other sacrifices rams and sheep, and also he-goats, were to be used, while in other sacrifices again, calves, young bulls, and oxen, or else pigeons and doves, were to be used, see 992, 1823, 2180, 2805, 2807, 2830, 3218. What kids and she-goats meant however becomes clear both from the sacrifices in which they used to be offered and from other places in the Word. These show that lambs and ewe-lambs meant innocence belonging to the internal or rational man, and kids and she-goats innocence belonging to the external or natural man, and so the truth and the good of the latter.

[4] The fact that truth and good present in the innocence that belongs to the external or natural man is meant by a kid and a she-goat is clear from the following places in the Word: In Isaiah,

The wolf will dwell with the lamb, and the leopard will lie down with the kid, the calf also and the young lion and the sheep together; and a little child will lead them. Isaiah 11:6.

This refers to the Lord's kingdom and to the state there in which people have no fear of evil, that is, no dread of hell, because they are with the Lord. 'The lamb' and 'the kid' stand for people who have innocence within them, and who, being the most secure of all, are mentioned first.

[5] When all the firstborn of Egypt were smitten the people were commanded to kill from among the lambs or among the kids a male without blemish, and to put some of the blood on the doorposts and on the lintel of their houses; and so the destroyer would not strike them with the plague, Exodus 12:5, 7, 13. 'The firstborn of Egypt' means the good of love and charity that was wiped out, 3325. 'The lambs' and 'the kids' are states of innocence, in which those with whom these exist are secure from evil. Indeed all in heaven are kept secure by the Lord through states of innocence. That security was represented by the killing of the lamb or kid, and putting the blood on the doorposts and on the lintel of the houses. .

[6] To avert his own death when a person saw Jehovah manifested as an angel he would sacrifice 'a kid of the she-goats', as Gideon did when he saw Him, Judges 6:19, and also Manoah, Judges 13:15-16, 19. The reason they offered a kid was that Jehovah or the Lord cannot appear to anybody, not even to an angel, unless the one to whom He appears is in a state of innocence. Therefore as soon as the Lord is present people are brought into a state of innocence, for the Lord enters in by way of innocence, even with angels in heaven. Consequently no one is able to enter heaven unless he has a measure of innocence, according to the Lord's words recorded in Matthew 18:3; Mark 10:15; Luke 18:17. Regarding people's belief that they would die when Jehovah appeared to them if they did not offer such a burnt offering, see Judges 13:22-23.

[7] Since genuine conjugial love is innocence itself, 2736, it was customary in the representative Church for a man to go to his wife with the gift of a kid of the she-goats, as one reads of Samson in Judges 15:1, and also of Judah when he visited Tamar, Genesis 38:17, 20, 23. The fact that 'a kid' and 'a she-goat' meant innocence is also evident from the sacrifices made as guilt offerings that a person would offer if he had sinned through error, Leviticus 1:10; 4:28; 5:6. Sinning through error is sinning through ignorance that has innocence within it. The same is evident from the following Divine command in Moses,

You shall bring the first of the firstfruits of your land to the house of Jehovah your God. You shall not boil a kid in its mother's milk. Exodus 23:19; 34:26.

Here the requirement 'to bring the firstfruits of the land to the house of Jehovah' means the state of innocence which exists in early childhood; and 'not boiling a kid in its mother's milk' means that they were not to destroy the innocence of early childhood. This being their meaning, the one command, in both places referred to, follows directly after the other. In the literal sense there seems to be no connection at all between them as there is in the internal sense.

[8] Because kids and she-goats, as has been stated, meant innocence it was also required that the curtains over the tabernacle should be made from she-goat hair, Exodus 25:4; 26:7; 35:5-6, 23, 26; 36:14, as a sign that all the holy things represented in it depended for their very being on innocence. 'She-goat hair' means the last or outermost degree of innocence present in ignorance, such as exists with gentiles who in the internal sense are meant by the curtains of the tabernacle. These considerations now show what truths born of good are, and what the nature of these is, meant by the two good kids of the she-goats which Rebekah his mother spoke about to Jacob. That is to say, they are truths belonging to innocence or early childhood, meant also by the things which Esau was to bring to Isaac his father, dealt with in 3501, 3508. They were not in fact such truths, but initially they appeared to be. Thus it was that Jacob pretended by means of them to be Esau.

  
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Thanks to the Swedenborg Society for the permission to use this translation.