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1 Mose第8章

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1 Da gedachte Gott an Noah und an alle Tiere und alles Vieh, das mit ihm in dem Kasten war, und ließ Wind auf Erden kommen, und die Wasser fielen.

2 Und die Brunnen der Tiefe wurden verstopfet samt den Fenstern des Himmels, und dem Regen vom Himmel ward gewehret.

3 Und das Gewässer verlief sich von der Erde immer hin und nahm ab nach hundertundfünfzig Tagen.

4 Am siebzehnten Tage des siebenten Mondes ließ sich der Kasten nieder auf das Gebirge Ararat.

5 Es verlief aber das Gewässer fortan und nahm ab bis auf den zehnten Mond. Am ersten Tage des zehnten Mondes sahen der Berge Spitzen hervor.

6 Nach vierzig Tagen tat Noah das Fenster auf an dem Kasten, das er gemacht hatte,

7 und ließ einen Raben ausfliegen; der flog immer hin und wieder her, bis das Gewässer vertrocknete auf Erden.

8 Danach ließ er eine Taube von sich ausfliegen, auf daß er erführe, ob das Gewässer gefallen wäre auf Erden.

9 Da aber die Taube nicht fand, da ihr Fuß ruhen konnte, kam sie wieder zu ihm in den Kasten; denn das Gewässer war noch auf dem ganzen Erdboden. Da tat er die Hand heraus und nahm sie zu sich in den Kasten.

10 Da harrete er noch andere sieben Tage und ließ abermals eine Taube fliegen aus dem Kasten.

11 Die kam zu ihm um Vesperzeit, und siehe, ein Ölblatt hatte sie abgebrochen und trug's in ihrem Munde. Da vernahm Noah, daß das Gewässer gefallen wäre auf Erden.

12 Aber er harrete noch andere sieben Tage und ließ eine Taube ausfliegen, die kam nicht wieder zu ihm.

13 Im sechshundert und ersten Jahr des Alters Noahs, am ersten Tage des ersten Monden, vertrocknete das Gewässer auf Erden. Da tat Noah das Dach von dem Kasten und sah, daß der Erdboden trocken war.

14 Also ward die Erde ganz trocken am siebenundzwanzigsten Tage des andern Monden.

15 Da redete Gott mit Noah und sprach:

16 Gehe aus dem Kasten, du und dein Weib, deine Söhne und deiner Söhne Weiber mit dir.

17 Allerlei Tier, das bei dir ist, von allerlei Fleisch, an Vögeln, an Vieh und an allerlei Gewürm, das auf Erden kreucht, das gehe heraus mit dir; und reget euch auf Erden und seid fruchtbar und mehret euch auf Erden.

18 Also ging Noah heraus mit seinen Söhnen und seinem Weibe und seiner Söhne Weibern;

19 dazu allerlei Tier, allerlei Gewürm, allerlei Vögel und alles, was auf Erden kreucht, das ging aus dem Kasten, ein jegliches zu seinesgleichen.

20 Noah aber bauete dem HERRN einen Altar und nahm von allerlei reinem Vieh und von allerlei reinem Gevögel und opferte Brandopfer auf dem Altar.

21 Und der HERR roch den lieblichen Geruch und sprach in seinem Herzen: Ich will hinfort nicht mehr die Erde verfluchen um der Menschen willen; denn das Dichten des menschlichen Herzens ist böse von Jugend auf. Und ich will hinfort nicht mehr schlagen alles, was da lebet, wie ich getan habe.

22 Solange die Erde stehet, soll nicht aufhören Samen und Ernte, Frost und Hitze, Sommer und Winter, Tag und Nacht.

   

来自斯威登堡的著作

 

Arcana Coelestia#922

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922. 'He took from every clean beast, and from every clean bird' means goods that stem from charity, and the truths of faith. This has been shown already; 'beast' means goods that stem from charity, 45, 46, 142, 143, 246, 'bird' the truths of faith, 40, 776. Burnt offerings were made from cattle, from lambs and goats, and from turtle doves and young pigeons, Leviticus 1:2-17; Numbers 15:2-15; 28:1-end. These were clean beasts, each one of them meaning some particular heavenly quality. And because they meant these things in the Ancient Church, and in subsequent Churches represented them, it is clear that burnt offerings and sacrifices were nothing else than representatives that go with internal worship, and that when they had been divorced from internal worship they became idolatrous. This any mentally normal person can see, for what is an altar but merely something made of stone? And what is a burnt offering and a sacrifice but the slaughtering of an animal? For worship to be Divine it has to represent some heavenly quality which the worshippers know and acknowledge and from which they worship the One they are representing.

[2] Nobody except the person who does not wish to understand anything at all about the Lord can be ignorant of the fact that these things were representatives of the Lord. It is the internal things, namely charity and faith deriving from charity, through which the One who is being represented has to be seen, acknowledged, and believed, as is quite clear in the Prophets, for example in Jeremiah,

Thus said Jehovah Zebaoth, the God of Israel, Add your burnt offerings on to your sacrifices, and eat the flesh. I did not speak with your fathers and I did not command them on the day I brought them out of the land of Egypt on the matters of burnt offering and sacrifice. But this matter I commanded them, saying, Obey My voice, and I will be your God. Jeremiah 7:21-23.

Hearing or obeying His voice is obeying the law, the whole of which focuses on the one command that men should love God above everything else and their neighbour as themselves, for on these depend the Law and the Prophets, Matthew 22:37-40; 7:12. In David,

O Jehovah, sacrifice and offering You have not desired; burnt offering and sin-sacrifice You host not sought. I have delighted to do Your will, O my God, and Your law is within my heart. 1 Psalms 40:6, 8.

[3] In Samuel, who said to Saul,

Has Jehovah as great delight in burnt offerings and sacrifices as in obeying the voice of Jehovah? Behold, to obey is better than sacrifice, to hearken than the fat of rams. 1 Samuel 15:22.

What obeying His voice involves is apparent in Micah,

Shall I come before Jehovah with burnt offerings, with calves a year old? Will Jehovah be pleased with thousands of rams, with tens of thousands of rivers of oil? He has shown you, O man, what is good; and what does Jehovah require of you but to carry out judgement and the love of mercy, and to humble yourself by walking with your God. Micah 6:6-8.

These are the things that burnt offerings and sacrifices of clean beasts and birds mean. In Amos,

Though you offer Me your burnt offerings and gifts, I will not accept them, and the peace offering of your fatted ones I will not look upon. Let judgement flow like waters, and righteousness like a mighty stream. Amos 5:22, 24.

'Judgement' means truth, and 'righteousness' good. Both stem from charity and are the burnt offerings and sacrifices of the internal man. In Hosea,

I desire mercy and not sacrifice, and the knowledge of God rather than burnt offerings. Hosea 6:6.

From all these quotations the nature of sacrifices and burnt offerings when charity and faith are not present is clear. It is also clear from them that because 'clean beasts and clean birds' meant the goods that stem from charity and faith they also represented them.

脚注:

1. literally, in the midst of my viscera

  
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Thanks to the Swedenborg Society for the permission to use this translation.

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Leviticus第1章:2-17

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2 "Speak to the children of Israel, and tell them, 'When anyone of you offers an offering to Yahweh, you shall offer your offering of the livestock, from the herd and from the flock.

3 "'If his offering is a burnt offering from the herd, he shall offer a male without blemish. He shall offer it at the door of the Tent of Meeting, that he may be accepted before Yahweh.

4 He shall lay his hand on the head of the burnt offering, and it shall be accepted for him to make atonement for him.

5 He shall kill the bull before Yahweh. Aaron's sons, the priests, shall present the blood and sprinkle the blood around on the altar that is at the door of the Tent of Meeting.

6 He shall flay the burnt offering, and cut it into pieces.

7 The sons of Aaron the priest shall put fire on the altar, and lay wood in order on the fire;

8 and Aaron's sons, the priests, shall lay the pieces, the head, and the fat in order on the wood that is on the fire which is on the altar;

9 but its innards and its legs he shall wash with water. The priest shall burn the whole on the altar, for a burnt offering, an offering made by fire, of a pleasant aroma to Yahweh.

10 "'If his offering is from the flock, from the sheep, or from the goats, for a burnt offering, he shall offer a male without blemish.

11 He shall kill it on the north side of the altar before Yahweh. Aaron's sons, the priests, shall sprinkle its blood around on the altar.

12 He shall cut it into its pieces, with its head and its fat. The priest shall lay them in order on the wood that is on the fire which is on the altar,

13 but the innards and the legs he shall wash with water. The priest shall offer the whole, and burn it on the altar. It is a burnt offering, an offering made by fire, of a pleasant aroma to Yahweh.

14 "'If his offering to Yahweh is a burnt offering of birds, then he shall offer his offering of turtledoves, or of young pigeons.

15 The priest shall bring it to the altar, and wring off its head, and burn it on the altar; and its blood shall be drained out on the side of the altar;

16 and he shall take away its crop with its filth, and cast it beside the altar on the east part, in the place of the ashes.

17 He shall tear it by its wings, but shall not divide it apart. The priest shall burn it on the altar, on the wood that is on the fire. It is a burnt offering, an offering made by fire, of a pleasant aroma to Yahweh.