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Exode第30章

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1 Tu feras un autel pour brûler des parfums, tu le feras de bois d'acacia;

2 sa longueur sera d'une coudée, et sa largeur d'une coudée; il sera carré, et sa hauteur sera de deux coudées. Tu feras des cornes qui sortiront de l'autel.

3 Tu le couvriras d'or pur, le dessus, les côtés tout autour et les cornes, et tu y feras une bordure d'or tout autour.

4 Tu feras au-dessous de la bordure deux anneaux d'or aux deux côtés; tu en mettras aux deux côtés, pour recevoir les barres qui serviront à le porter.

5 Tu feras les barres de bois d'acacia, et tu les couvriras d'or.

6 Tu placeras l'autel en face du voile qui est devant l'arche du témoignage, en face du propitiatoire qui est sur le témoignage, et où je me rencontrerai avec toi.

7 Aaron y fera brûler du parfum odoriférant; il en fera brûler chaque matin, lorsqu'il préparera les lampes;

8 il en fera brûler aussi entre les deux soirs, lorsqu'il arrangera les lampes. C'est ainsi que l'on brûlera à perpétuité du parfum devant l'Eternel parmi vos descendants.

9 Vous n'offrirez sur l'autel ni parfum étranger, ni holocauste, ni offrande, et vous n'y répandrez aucune libation.

10 Une fois chaque année, Aaron fera des expiations sur les cornes de l'autel; avec le sang de la victime expiatoire, il y sera fait des expiations une fois chaque année parmi vos descendants. Ce sera une chose très sainte devant l'Eternel.

11 L'Eternel parla à Moïse, et dit:

12 Lorsque tu compteras les enfants d'Israël pour en faire le dénombrement, chacun d'eux paiera à l'Eternel le rachat de sa personne, afin qu'ils ne soient frappés d'aucune plaie lors de ce dénombrement.

13 Voici ce que donneront tous ceux qui seront compris dans le dénombrement: un demi-sicle, selon le sicle du sanctuaire, qui est de vingt guéras; un demi-sicle sera le don prélevé pour l'Eternel.

14 Tout homme compris dans le dénombrement, depuis l'âge de vingt ans et au-dessus, paiera le don prélevé pour l'Eternel.

15 Le riche ne paiera pas plus, et le pauvre ne paiera pas moins d'un demi-sicle, comme don prélevé pour l'Eternel, afin de racheter leurs personnes.

16 Tu recevras des enfants d'Israël l'argent du rachat, et tu l'appliqueras au travail de la tente d'assignation; ce sera pour les enfants d'Israël un souvenir devant l'Eternel pour le rachat de leurs personnes.

17 L'Eternel parla à Moïse, et dit:

18 Tu feras une cuve d'airain, avec sa base d'airain, pour les ablutions; tu la placeras entre la tente d'assignation et l'autel, et tu y mettras de l'eau,

19 avec laquelle Aaron et ses fils se laveront les mains et les pieds.

20 Lorsqu'ils entreront dans la tente d'assignation, ils se laveront avec cette eau, afin qu'ils ne meurent point; et aussi lorsqu'ils s'approcheront de l'autel, pour faire le service et pour offrir des sacrifices à l'Eternel.

21 Ils se laveront les mains et les pieds, afin qu'ils ne meurent point. Ce sera une loi perpétuelle pour Aaron, pour ses fils et pour leurs descendants.

22 L'Eternel parla à Moïse, et dit:

23 Prends des meilleurs aromates, cinq cents sicles de myrrhe, de celle qui coule d'elle-même; la moitié, soit deux cent cinquante sicles, de cinnamome aromatique, deux cent cinquante sicles de roseau aromatique,

24 cinq cents sicles de casse, selon le sicle du sanctuaire, et un hin d'huile d'olive.

25 Tu feras avec cela une huile pour l'onction sainte, composition de parfums selon l'art du parfumeur; ce sera l'huile pour l'onction sainte.

26 Tu en oindras la tente d'assignation et l'arche du témoignage,

27 la table et tous ses ustensiles, le chandelier et ses ustensiles, l'autel des parfums,

28 l'autel des holocaustes et tous ses ustensiles, la cuve avec sa base.

29 Tu sanctifieras ces choses, et elles seront très saintes, tout ce qui les touchera sera sanctifié.

30 Tu oindras Aaron et ses fils, et tu les sanctifieras, pour qu'ils soient à mon service dans le sacerdoce.

31 Tu parleras aux enfants d'Israël, et tu diras: Ce sera pour moi l'huile de l'onction sainte, parmi vos descendants.

32 On n'en répandra point sur le corps d'un homme, et vous n'en ferez point de semblable, dans les mêmes proportions; elle est sainte, et vous la regarderez comme sainte.

33 Quiconque en composera de semblable, ou en mettra sur un étranger, sera retranché de son peuple.

34 L'Eternel dit à Moïse: Prends des aromates, du stacté, de l'ongle odorant, du galbanum, et de l'encens pur, en parties égales.

35 Tu feras avec cela un parfum composé selon l'art du parfumeur; il sera salé, pur et saint.

36 Tu le réduiras en poudre, et tu le mettras devant le témoignage, dans la tente d'assignation, où je me rencontrerai avec toi. Ce sera pour vous une chose très sainte.

37 Vous ne ferez point pour vous de parfum semblable, dans les mêmes proportions; vous le regarderez comme saint, et réservé pour l'Eternel.

38 Quiconque en fera de semblable, pour le sentir, sera retranché de son peuple.

   

来自斯威登堡的著作

 

Apocalypse Revealed#316

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316. "And do not harm the oil and the wine." This symbolizes the Lord's provision that they not violate and profane the goods and truths concealed inwardly in the Word.

Oil symbolizes the goodness of love, and wine the truth springing from that goodness. Thus the oil here symbolizes sacred goodness, and the wine sacred truth. The Lord's provision that these not be violated and profaned is symbolized by the people's being told not to harm them. For this instruction came from the midst of the four living creatures, thus from the Lord (no. 314). Whatever the Lord says He also provides. That this is something He provides may be seen in nos. 314 and 255 above.

That oil symbolizes the goodness of love - this we will see in nos. 778, 779 below.

That wine symbolizes the truth springing from that goodness is clear from the following passages:

Everyone who thirsts, come to the waters; and you who have no money, come, buy and eat. Yes..., buy wine and milk without money... (Isaiah 55:1)

It shall come to pass in that day that the mountains will drip new wine, and the hills flow with milk... (Joel 3:18, cf. Amos 9:13-14)

Joy is taken away... from Carmel, and in the vineyards there will be no singing... No treaders will tread out wine in the presses; I have made their shouting cease. (Isaiah 16:10, cf. Jeremiah 48:32-33)

Carmel symbolizes the spiritual church, because it had vineyards there.

[2] ...wail, all you drinkers of wine, because of the new wine, for it has been cut off from your mouth... The vinedressers have wailed... (Joel 1:5, 10-11)

Almost the same images occur in Hosea 9:2-3.

He washes his clothing in wine, and His vesture in the blood of grapes. His eyes are red with wine... (Genesis 49:11-12)

The subject is the Lord, and the wine symbolizes Divine truth. That is why the Lord instituted the Holy Supper, in which the bread symbolizes the Lord in respect to Divine good, and the wine the Lord in respect to Divine truth; and in their recipients the bread symbolizes a sacred goodness, and the wine sacred truth, received from the Lord. Therefore He said,

I say to you, that I will not drink of this fruit of the vine from now on until that day when I drink it new with you... in My Father's kingdom. (Matthew 26:29, cf. Luke 22:18)

Because bread and wine have these symbolic meanings, so too Melchizedek, going to meet Abram, brought out bread and wine, he being a priest of God Most High, and he blessed Abram (Genesis 14:18-19).

[3] The grain offering and drink offering used in sacrifices had similar symbolic meanings, as described in Exodus 29:40, Leviticus 23:12-13, 18-19ff. The grain offering was an offering of wheat flour, thus taking the place of bread, and the drink offering was an offering of wine.

It can be seen from this what these words of the Lord symbolize:

Nor do they put new wine into old wineskins... But they put the... wine into new wineskins, and both are preserved. (Matthew 9:17, cf. Luke 5:37-38)

New wine is the Divine truth in the New Testament, thus in the New Church, and the old wine is the Divine truth in the Old Testament, thus in the old church.

A similar idea is symbolized by these words of the Lord at the wedding in Cana of Galilee:

Every man at the beginning sets out the good wine, and when the guests have well drunk, then the inferior. You have kept the good wine until now! (John 2:1-10)

[4] Something similar is symbolized by the wine in the Lord's parable concerning the man wounded by thieves, on whose wound the Samaritan poured oil and wine (Luke 10:33-34); for the man wounded by thieves means people whom the Jews wounded spiritually by evils and falsities, and to whom the Samaritan brought aid by pouring oil and wine on their wounds, that is, by teaching them goodness and truth, and as far as possible, healing them.

Sacred truth is symbolized by wine and new wine also elsewhere in the Word, as in Isaiah 1:21-22; 25:6; 36:17.

[5] Because of this, a vineyard in the Word symbolizes a church that possesses truths from the Lord.

That wine symbolizes sacred truth can be seen also from its opposite meaning, in which it symbolizes truth falsified and profaned, as in the following places:

Harlotry, wine, and new wine have taken hold of the heart... Their wine is gone, they commit harlotry continually. (Hosea 4:11, 18)

Harlotry symbolizes the falsification of truth, and so, too, do the wine and new wine here.

...in the hand of Jehovah a cup, and He mixed it with wine; He filled it with the mixture and poured it out, and its dregs shall all the wicked of the earth, sucking, drink. (Psalms 75:8)

Babylon was a golden cup in Jehovah's hand, that made all the earth drunk. The nations drank her wine; therefore they are deranged. (Jeremiah 51:7)

Babylon has fallen..., because she has made all nations drink of the wine of the wrath of her fornication... If anyone worships the beast..., he shall also drink of the wine of the wrath of God, which is mixed with undiluted wine in the cup of the wrath (of God). (Revelation 14:8-10)

(Babylon has made) all the nations (drink) of the wine... of her fornication. (Revelation 18:3)

...great Babylon was remembered before God, to give her the cup of the wine of the fury of His wrath. (Revelation 16:19)

...the inhabitants of the earth were made drunk with the wine of her fornication. (Revelation 17:1-2)

[6] The wine that Belshazzar, the king of Babylon, and his lords and wives and concubines drank from the vessels of the Temple in Jerusalem, while they praised the gods of gold, silver, bronze, iron, wood, and stone (Daniel 5:2-4) - that wine symbolized nothing else but the sacred truth of the Word and church profaned, which is why the writing then appeared on the wall, and the king that very night was slain (Daniel 5:25, 30)

Wine symbolizes truth falsified also in Isaiah 5:11-12, 21-22; 28:1, 3, 7; 29:9; 56:11-12.

The drink offering that they poured out as an offering to idols has the same symbolic meaning in Isaiah 65:11; 57:6; Jeremiah 7:18; 44:17-19; Ezekiel 20:28; Deuteronomy 32:38.

It is owing to its correspondence that wine symbolizes sacred truth, and in an opposite sense, truth profaned. For when a person reads "wine" in the Word, angels - who apprehend everything spiritually - have just this interpretation of it. Such is the correspondence between the natural thoughts of people and the spiritual thoughts of angels. The case is the same with the wine in the Holy Supper. That is why the Holy Supper occasions an introduction into heaven (no. 224 at the end).

  
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Many thanks to the General Church of the New Jerusalem, and to Rev. N.B. Rogers, translator, for the permission to use this translation.

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Isaiah第28章:7

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7 They also reel with wine, and stagger with strong drink. The priest and the prophet reel with strong drink. They are swallowed up by wine. They stagger with strong drink. They err in vision. They stumble in judgment.