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Josuo第22章

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1 Tiam Josuo alvokis la Rubenidojn kaj la Gadidojn kaj la duontribon de Manase;

2 kaj li diris al ili:Vi plenumis cxion, kion ordonis al vi Moseo, servanto de la Eternulo, kaj vi obeis mian vocxon en cxio, kion mi ordonis al vi.

3 Vi ne forlasis viajn fratojn dum longa tempo gxis nun, kaj vi plenumis la deciditajxon laux la ordono de la Eternulo, via Dio.

4 Nun la Eternulo, via Dio, donis ripozon al viaj fratoj, kiel Li diris al ili; turnu do vin nun, kaj iru al viaj tendoj sur la teron de via posedajxo, kiun donis al vi Moseo, servanto de la Eternulo, transe de Jordan.

5 Sed forte penu plenumi la ordonojn kaj la instruon, kiujn donis al vi Moseo, servanto de la Eternulo, por ami la Eternulon, vian Dion, kaj iri laux cxiuj Liaj vojoj kaj observi Liajn ordonojn kaj alfortikigxi al Li kaj servi al Li per via tuta koro kaj per via tuta animo.

6 Kaj Josuo benis ilin kaj forliberigis ilin; kaj ili iris al siaj tendoj.

7 Kaj al unu duono de la tribo de Manase Moseo donis posedajxon en Basxan, kaj al la dua duono Josuo donis posedajxon kun iliaj fratoj transe de Jordan, okcidente. Kaj kiam Josuo forliberigis ilin al iliaj tendoj, li benis ilin.

8 Kaj li diris al ili jene:Kun granda ricxajxo vi reiras nun al viaj tendoj, kaj kun tre granda brutaro, kun argxento kaj kun oro kaj kun kupro kaj kun fero, kaj kun tre multe da vestoj; dividu la militakiron, kiun vi ricevis de viaj malamikoj, kun viaj fratoj.

9 Kaj turnigxis la Rubenidoj kaj la Gadidoj kaj la duontribo de Manase, kaj foriris de la Izraelidoj el SXilo, kiu estas en la lando Kanaana, por iri en la landon Gilead, en la landon de ilia posedajxo, kiun ili ekposedis laux la ordono de la Eternulo per Moseo.

10 Kaj ili venis en la distriktojn cxe Jordan, kiuj estas en la lando Kanaana; kaj la Rubenidoj kaj la Gadidoj kaj la duontribo de Manase konstruis tie altaron cxe Jordan, altaron grandan kaj bonaspektan.

11 Kaj auxdis la Izraelidoj:Jen la Rubenidoj kaj la Gadidoj kaj la duontribo de Manase konstruis altaron apud la lando Kanaana, en la distriktoj de Jordan, sur la flanko de la Izraelidoj.

12 Kaj kiam la Izraelidoj tion auxdis, tiam la tuta komunumo de la Izraelidoj kolektigxis en SXilo, por iri kontraux ilin milite.

13 Kaj la Izraelidoj sendis al la Rubenidoj kaj la Gadidoj kaj la duontribo de Manase en la landon Gilead Pinehxason, filon de la pastro Eleazar,

14 kaj kun li dek cxefojn, po unu cxefo el tribo, el cxiuj triboj de Izrael; kaj cxiu el ili estis estro de patrodomo inter la miloj de Izrael.

15 Kaj ili venis al la Rubenidoj kaj la Gadidoj kaj la duontribo de Manase en la landon Gilead, kaj ekparolis al ili, dirante:

16 Tiel diras la tuta komunumo de la Eternulo:Kio estas cxi tiu krimo, kiun vi faris kontraux la Dio de Izrael, forturnigxinte hodiaux de la Eternulo, konstruinte al vi altaron kaj ribelante hodiaux kontraux la Eternulo?

17 CXu ne suficxas al ni la krimo pri Peor, de kiu ni ne purigxis gxis la nuna tago kaj pro kiu trafis frapo la komunumon de Izrael?

18 Kaj vi forturnigxas nun de la Eternulo! estos tiel:hodiaux vi ribelas kontraux la Eternulo, kaj morgaux Li koleros kontraux la tuta komunumo de Izrael.

19 Se la lando de via posedajxo sxajnas al vi malpura, tiam transiru en la landon de la posedajxo de la Eternulo, en kiu staras la logxejo de la Eternulo, kaj prenu posedajxon inter ni; sed kontraux la Eternulo ne ribelu, kaj kontraux ni ne ribelu, konstruante al vi altaron krom la altaro de la Eternulo, nia Dio.

20 Jen, Ahxan, filo de Zerahx, faris krimon koncerne la anatemitajxon, kaj la kolero estis kontraux la tuta komunumo de Izrael, kaj ne li sola mortis pro sia krimo.

21 Kaj respondis la Rubenidoj kaj la Gadidoj kaj la duontribo de Manase, kaj diris al la milestroj de Izrael:

22 Dio de la dioj, la Eternulo, Dio de la dioj, la Eternulo, Li scias, kaj Izrael sciu; se ni agis pro ribelo aux por defali de la Eternulo, tiam Li ne helpu nin hodiaux.

23 Se ni konstruis al ni la altaron por tio, ke ni defalu de la Eternulo, aux ke ni alportu sur gxi bruloferon kaj farunoferon, aux ke ni faru sur gxi pacoferojn, tiam la Eternulo nin punu.

24 Ni faris tion pro zorgo pri tio, ke morgaux ne diru viaj filoj al niaj filoj:Kion komunan vi havas kun la Eternulo, Dio de Izrael?

25 kiel limon inter ni kaj vi, Rubenidoj kaj Gadidoj, la Eternulo metis Jordanon; vi ne havas parton en la Eternulo. Kaj tiamaniere viaj filoj malhelpus niajn filojn respekti la Eternulon.

26 Tial ni diris:ni konstruu al ni altaron, ne por brulofero nek por aliaj oferoj,

27 sed nur por ke gxi estu atesto inter ni kaj vi kaj inter niaj estontaj generacioj, ke ni havas la rajton fari servon al la Eternulo antaux Li per niaj bruloferoj kaj per niaj bucxoferoj kaj per niaj pacoferoj, kaj por ke ne diru viaj filoj morgaux al niaj filoj:Vi ne havas parton en la Eternulo.

28 Kaj ni pensis:Se ili diros tion al ni kaj al niaj estontaj generacioj, tiam ni diros:Vidu la similajxon de la altaro de la Eternulo, kiun faris niaj patroj, ne por brulofero nek por bucxofero, sed nur kiel ateston inter ni kaj vi.

29 Malproksima de ni estas la deziro ribeli kontraux la Eternulo kaj defali hodiaux de la Eternulo, konstrui altaron por brulofero, por farunofero kaj por bucxofero, krom la altaro de la Eternulo, nia Dio, kiu estas antaux Lia tabernaklo.

30 Kaj la pastro Pinehxas, kaj la cxefoj de la komunumo, kaj la milestroj de Izrael, kiuj estis kun li, auxdis la vortojn, kiujn diris la Rubenidoj kaj la Gadidoj kaj la Manaseidoj, kaj tio placxis al ili.

31 Kaj la pastro Pinehxas, filo de Eleazar, diris al la Rubenidoj kaj la Gadidoj kaj la Manaseidoj:Nun ni scias, ke la Eternulo estas inter ni, cxar vi ne faris kontraux la Eternulo tiun krimon; vi savis la Izraelidojn kontraux la mano de la Eternulo.

32 Kaj la pastro Pinehxas, filo de Eleazar, kaj la cxefoj reiris de la Rubenidoj kaj la Gadidoj el la lando Gilead en la landon Kanaanan, al la Izraelidoj, kaj alportis al ili respondon.

33 Kaj tio placxis al la Izraelidoj; kaj la Izraelidoj benis Dion, kaj ne havis plu la intencon iri kontraux ilin milite, por ruinigi la landon, en kiu logxis la Rubenidoj kaj la Gadidoj.

34 Kaj la Rubenidoj kaj la Gadidoj donis nomon al la altaro:ke gxi estu atesto inter ni, ke la Eternulo estas la Dio.

   

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Exploring the Meaning of Joshua 22

原作者: New Christian Bible Study Staff, Julian Duckworth

Joshua 22: The tribes of Reuben, Gad and half Manasseh return.

With the land of Canaan now settled by Israel, the time had come for the men of Reuben, Gad, and one half of Manasseh to return to the other side of the Jordan, where their wives, children, cattle and sheep were left. The men of these two and a half tribes had been ordered to fight alongside the other tribes of Israel, and only then to return home.

They left, and when they came to the banks of the River Jordan, they built a large altar to the Lord. When the rest of Israel caught word of this, they wanted to go to war with these tribes, because they felt the altar was a sacrilege - Israel had the tabernacle for its worship of the Lord. They sent Phineas the priest to ask why they had built the altar. These tribes across the Jordan replied that in the future, the people of Israel may move against them, and reject them. They said the altar would serve as a witness to their worship of the Lord, just as the Israelites in Canaan worshiped. This answer pleased the priest, and when he told the leaders of Israel, it pleased them too.

The spiritual meaning of this episode is a very important one for us. The tribes living on the other side of the River Jordan stand for the worldly activities of our outward life, which in themselves are a very important part of our spiritual life. These actions make up the external part of spiritual life, in which we are able to do good (see Swedenborg’s work, Arcana Caelestia 9824[2]).

The tribes building an altar to God portrays our understanding that all the good we do, and all the use we provide, is possible because of the Lord. He is the giver of all good, which is why we must serve the Lord. Without use, spiritual thoughts and beliefs do not have a foundation (Arcana Caelestia 9473[3]).

Reuben, Gad and half of Manasseh said that the people of Israel might cut them off in the future. In spiritual terms, this would be to separate spiritual life and external life in daily living. This would result in such things as hypocrisy, and faith without charity, both of which are a threat to our spiritual well-being (see Swedenborg’s work, Doctrine of Life 4).

The altar, which was built on Canaan’s side of the Jordan before these tribes crossed over, was to stand as a witness to the union between the tribes within Canaan and the tribes across the Jordan, as one nation before the Lord (Arcana Caelestia 9714).

This unity means that we must be equally present in three areas of life: in the depths of our heart, in our worship and adoration of the Lord; in our mind, in our understanding and delight in the Lord’s Word with all its truth; and in our outward actions, where our acknowledgement of the Lord as our God leads us to be sincere, just, moral, fair, compassionate and dedicated to the service of God.

The answer from the three tribes pleased the priest and, in turn, the leaders of Israel. This reception represents our affirmation that ‘being spiritual’ does not take the place of helping others, but really demands that we serve the Lord in our daily actions (see Swedenborg’s work, Apocalypse Explained 325[4]).

来自斯威登堡的著作

 

Arcana Coelestia#9714

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9714. 'And you shall make the altar' means that which was representative of the Lord and of the worship of Him. This is clear from the meaning of 'the altar' - the one to be used for burnt offerings and sacrifices - as that which was representative of the Lord; and since the burnt offerings and sacrifices were the signs of all that constituted worship of the Lord, the altar was also representative of the worship of Him. Not that the Lord is worshipped with burnt offerings and sacrifices but with what they represented, namely the celestial things of love and the spiritual things of faith, 922, 923, 1823, 2180, 2805, 2807, 2830, 3519, 6905, 8680, 8936.

[2] There were two objects which served to represent the Lord's Divine Human - the temple and the altar. That the temple did so He Himself teaches in John,

Jesus said, Destroy this temple and in three days I will raise it up again. He was speaking of the temple of His body. John 2:19-21.

That the altar did so is likewise made clear by the Lord's own words, where He speaks in Matthew about the temple and at the same time the altar,

Fools and blind! For you say, Whoever swears by the temple, it is nothing; but whoever swears by the gold of the temple, he is guilty. Which of the two is greater, the gold or the temple that makes the gold holy? In the same way, Whoever swears by the altar, it is nothing; but whoever swears by the gift that is on it, he is guilty. Fools and blind! Which of the two is greater, the gift or the altar that makes the gift holy? He who swears by the altar swears by it and by everything that is on it. And he who swears by the temple swears by it and by Him who dwells in it. And he who swears by heaven swears by God's throne and by Him who sits on it. Matthew 23:16-22.

From this it is evident that just as the temple was representative of the Lord's Divine Human, so too was the altar; for something similar is stated regarding the altar as is stated regarding the temple, namely that the altar is what makes the gift on it holy. This shows that the altar was a channel through which other things were rendered holy, and for this reason was also representative of the Lord's Divine Human, the Source of all holiness. But the altar was representative of the Lord in respect of His Divine Good, whereas the temple was representative of Him in respect of His Divine Truth, thus in respect of heaven since Divine Truth emanating from the Lord makes heaven. This explains why the Lord says in regard to the temple that he who swears by the temple swears by it and by Him who dwells in it, and goes on to say that he who swears by heaven swears by God's throne and by Him who sits on it. 'God's throne' is Divine Truth emanating from the Lord, and so is heaven, while 'He who sits on it' is the Lord, 5313. Much the same as was represented by the temple was represented also by the dwelling-place; the Lord in respect of Divine Truth there is the Testimony which was within the ark, 9503.

[3] Since the altar represented the Lord in respect of Divine Good it was the real holy of holies, making everything that touched it holy, as is made clear later on in this Book of Exodus, where it says,

Seven days you shall make expiation on the altar and sanctify it, that the altar may be most holy, 1 and all that touches it may be made holy. Exodus 29:37.

This was the reason why fire burned unceasingly on the altar and was never put out, Leviticus 6:12-13; and from this fire and no other source the incense-fire was taken, Leviticus 10:1-6. For the fire on the altar was a sign of the Divine Good of the Lord's Divine Love, 5215, 6314, 6832, 6834, 6849.

[4] As regards the altar and its being representative of the Lord, this is evident from the following words in David,

Let Your light and truth lead me to Your holy mountain and to Your dwellings, that I may go in to the altar of God, to God ... Psalms 43:3-4.

And in the same author,

I wash my hands in innocence, and I go around Your altar, O Jehovah. Psalms 26:6-7.

[5] But as regards the altar and its being representative of worship of the Lord, this may be seen in Isaiah,

All the cattle of Arabia will be gathered to You, the rams of Nebaioth will minister to You; they will come up with acceptance on My altar. Isaiah 60:7.

In Jeremiah,

The Lord has abandoned His altar, He has abominated His sanctuary. Lamentations 2:7.

'Abandoning the altar' stands for doing away with what was representative of worshipping the Lord from the good of love, 'abominating the sanctuary' stands for doing away with what was representative of worshipping the Lord from the truths of faith.

[6] In Ezekiel,

Your altars will be destroyed, I will scatter your bones around your altars. Your altars will be laid waste and made desolate, and your idols will be broken and cease to be. Ezekiel 6:4-6.

'Altars being destroyed, laid waste, and made desolate' stands for the ruination of that which belongs to representative worship. In Isaiah,

The iniquity of Jacob will be expiated, when He makes all the stones of the altar like chalk-stones scattered about. Isaiah 27:9.

'The stones of the altar scattered about' stands for all the truths of worship.

[7] In the same prophet,

On that day a person will regard his Maker, and his eyes [will regard] the Holy One of Israel. But he will not regard the altars, the work of his hands, and what his fingers have made. Isaiah 17:7-8.

'Altars, the work of hands, and what fingers have made' stands for worship that is the product of self-intelligence.

[8] In Hosea,

Ephraim has multiplied altars for sinning. Hosea 8:11.

'Multiplying altars for sinning' stands for devising meaningless forms of worship. In the same prophet,

Thistle and thorn will grow up on their altars. Hosea 10:8.

This describes how evils and falsities will come in and compose worship.

[9] In Isaiah,

On that day there will be an altar to Jehovah in the midst of Egypt. Isaiah 19:19.

'An altar to Jehovah' stands for worship of the Lord.

[10] Because the altar that is the subject here was portable it was made from shittim wood and overlaid with bronze. But an altar that was to remain permanently in the same place was built either from soil or from unhewn stones. An altar of soil was the chief representative sign of worship of the Lord that springs from the good of love, whereas an altar of unhewn stones was the representative sign of worship springing from forms of the good and of the truth of faith, 8935, 8940. The portable altar however that is the subject here was representative of worship of the Lord that springs from the good of love; and this was why it was made from shittim wood and overlaid with bronze.

脚注:

1. literally, holy of holies

  
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Thanks to the Swedenborg Society for the permission to use this translation.