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Exodus第23章

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1 Du må ikke udsprede falske ygter. Gør ikke fælles Sag med den, der har Uret, ved at optræde som uretfærdigt Vidne.

2 Du må ikke følge Mængden i, hvad der er ondt, eller i dit Vidnesbyrd for etten tage Hensyn til Mængden, så du bøjer etten.

3 Du må ikke tage Parti for den ringe i hans etssag.

4 Når du træffer din Fjendes Okse eller Æsel løbende løse, skal du bringe dem tilbage til ham.

5 Når du ser din Uvens Æsel segne under sin Byrde, må du ikke lade ham i Stikken, men du skal hjælpe ham med at læsse Byrden af.

6 Du må ikke bøje din fattige Landsmands et i hans etssag.

7 Hold dig fra en uretfærdig Sag; og den, som er uskyldig og har et. må du ikke berøve Livet; nej, du må ikke skaffe den et, som har Uret.

8 Tag ikke mod Bestikkelse, thi Bestikkelse gør den seende blind og fordrejer Sagen for dem, der har et.

9 Undertryk ikke den fremmede; I ved jo, hvorledes den fremmede er til Mode, thi I,var selv fremmede i Ægypten.

10 Seks År igennem skal du tilså dit Land og indsamle dets Afgrøde;

11 men i det syvende skal du lade det hvile og ligge urørt, så at de fattige i dit Folk kan gøre sig til gode dermed, og Markens vilde Dyr kan æde, hvad de levner; ligeså skal du gøre med din Vingård og dine Oliventræer.

12 I seks Dage skal du gøre dit Arbejde, men på den syvende skal du hvile, for at dine Okser og Æsler kan få Hvile og din Trælkvindes Søn og den fremmede hvile ud.

13 Hold eder alt, hvad jeg siger eder, efterrettelig; du må ikke nævne andre Guders Navn, det må ikke høres i din Mund.

14 Tre Gange om Året skal du holde Højtid for mig.

15 Du skal fejre de usyrede Brøds Højtid; i syv Dage skal du spise usyret Brød, som jeg har pålagt dig, på den fastsatte Tid i Abib Måned, thi i den Måned vandrede du ud af Ægypten, Man må ikke stedes for mit Åsyn med tomme Hænder.

16 Fremdeles skal du fejre Højtiden for Høsten, Førstegrøden af dit Arbejde, af hvad du sår i din Mark, og Højtiden for Frugthøsten ved Årets Udgang, når du har bjærget Udbyttet af dit Arbejde hjem fra Marken.

17 Tre Gange om Året skal alle dine Mænd stedes for den Herre HE ENs Åsyn.

18 Du må ikke ofre Blodet af mit Slagtoffer sammen med syret Brød. Fedtet fra min Højtid må ikke gemmes til næste Morgen.

19 Du skal bringe det første, Førstegrøden af din Jord, til HE EN din Guds Hus. Du må ikke koge et Kid i dets Moders Mælk.

20 Se, jeg sender en Engel foran dig for at vogte dig undervejs og føre dig til det Sted, jeg har beredt.

21 Tag dig vel i Vare for ham og adlyd ham; vær ikke genstridig imod ham, thi han skal ikke tilgive eders Overtrædelser, efterdi mit Navn er i ham.

22 Når du adlyder ham og gør alt, hvad jeg siger, vil jeg være dine Fjenders Fjende og dine Modstanderes Modstander,

23 Ja, min Engel skal drage foran dig og føre dig til Amoriterne, Hetiterne, Perizziterne, Kana'anæerne, Hivviterne og Jebusiterne, og jeg vil udrydde dem.

24 Du må ikke tilbede eller dyrke deres Guder eller følge deres Skikke; men du skal nedbryde dem og sønderslå deres Stenstøtter.

25 I skal dyrke HE EN eders Gud, så vil jeg velsigne dit Brød og dit Vand og holde Sygdomme borte fra dig.

26 Utidige Fødsler eller Ufrugtbarhed skal ikke forekomme i dit Land, og dine Dages Mål vil jeg gøre fuldt.

27 Jeg vil sende min ædsel foran dig og bringe Bestyrtelse over alle de Folk, du kommer til, og jeg vil drive alle dine Fjender på Flugt for dig.

28 Jeg vil sende Gedehamse foran dig, og de skal drive Hivviterne, Kana'anæerne og Hetiterne bort foran dig.

29 Men jeg vil ikke drive dem bort foran dig i et og samme År, for at Landet ikke skal lægges øde, og for at Markens vilde Dyr ikke skal tage Overhånd for dig;

30 lidt efter lidt vil jeg drive dem bort foran dig, indtil du bliver så talrig, at du kan tage Landet i Besiddelse.

31 Jeg vil lade dine Landemærker nå fra det røde Hav til Filisternes Hav, fra Ørkenen til Floden, thi jeg giver Landets Indbyggere i eders Hånd, så du kan drive dem bort foran dig.

32 Du må ikke slutte Pagt med dem eller deres Guder.

33 De må ikke blive boende i dit Land, for at de ikke skal forlede dig til Synd imod mig, til at dyrke deres Guder, så det bliver dig til en Snare!

   


The Project Gutenberg Association at Carnegie Mellon University

来自斯威登堡的著作

 

Arcana Coelestia#9297

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9297. 'Three times in the year all your males shall be seen at the face of the Lord Jehovah' means the Lord's constant appearance and presence in like manner in the truths of faith as well. This is clear from the meaning of 'three times in the year' as complete and continuous, dealt with in 4495, 9198; from the meaning of 'being seen' as appearance and presence, dealt with in 4198, 5975, 6893; from the meaning of 'males' as the truth of faith, dealt with in 2046, 7838; and from the meaning of 'face', when attributed to Jehovah or the Lord, as the Divine Good of Divine Love, which is Mercy, dealt with in 222, 223, 5585, 7599. And since the Divine Good of Divine Love is Jehovah or the Lord Himself, 'being seen at the face of the Lord Jehovah' has the same meaning as being seen by the Lord. The Lord is indeed One who sees a person and establishes His presence with him, enabling the person to see Him; thus no one sees the Lord from himself but from the Lord present with him.

[2] How to understand the Lord's constant appearance and presence in the truths of faith as well must be stated briefly. The Lord's presence with a person is in the good residing with him, since good composes his life but not truth except in the measure that it derives from good. Consequently, as stated above in 9296, the Lord's dwelling-place is in the good of innocence with a person. When therefore a person has been regenerated the Lord is present not only in the good residing with him but also in the truths deriving from the good; for the truths now receive their life from the good and are the outward form in which good exists and through which the essential nature of the good can be recognized. These truths are what constitute the person's new understanding, which makes one with his new will. For as stated already, all things have connection with truth and with good, and a person's understanding is dedicated to truths, but his will to good, from which the truths derive. From this it is evident how to understand the Lord's appearance and presence then in the truths of faith as well. These are the things that are meant by the requirement that three times in the year every male was to be seen at the face of the Lord Jehovah. The reason why it says 'males shall be seen' is that the truth of faith is meant by 'a male'; and the reason why it says 'at the face of the Lord Jehovah' is that 'Jehovah' means the Divine Being (Esse), and 'the Lord' the Divine Coming-into-Being (Existere) that arises from that Being. Consequently being (esse) on the human level is good, and coming-into-being (existere) that arises from it is truth.

[3] In the Church it is said that faith comes from the Lord; but it should be recognized that faith which is rooted in charity comes from the Lord, not faith separated from charity. Faith separated from charity springs from the self and is called faith that is no more than persuasion, which is dealt with under Teachings About Charity and Faith in the preliminary section of the next chapter. A person can know whether his faith comes from the Lord or from the self, for the faith of anyone who is influenced by truths solely for the sake of a reputation for being learned, which will bring him position and wealth, and not for the sake of leading a good and useful life, is no more than persuasion that comes from the self and not from the Lord.

[4] There are also theoretical truths of faith and there are practical ones. The person who considers theoretical truths for the sake of practical ones and sees how the theoretical fit in with the practical, the person who therefore sees how the two combine to result in a good and useful life and feels an affection for them both with this end in view, he has the faith that comes from the Lord. The reason for this is that the useful life, which is his end in view, consists in the good that resides with him; and it is that life which gives form to all things, the truths of faith being the means. It is transparently evident from those in the next life that this is so. All without exception there are restored to the state of good which was theirs or to the state of evil which was theirs, thus to what had moved them to serve a useful life, that is, to what had been their end in view, or what they had loved above all things and what had therefore been the actual delight of their life. Everyone is restored to this. The truths or the falsities that have made one with that service remain. In addition to these many more are acquired which combine with those truths or falsities, giving the usefulness greater solidity and definite shape. So it is that spirits and angels are the outward forms of whatever use they serve. Evil spirits are forms of evil use; these are in hell. Good spirits or angels are forms of good use; these are in heaven. This also explains why the moment they are present spirits can be recognized for what they are. Their truths of faith can be recognized from their face and from the beautiful way it is shaped. Their actual good, or their usefulness, can also be recognized from the fire of love in their face which enhances its beauty, as well as from the sphere emanating from them. From all this it is again made clear what the Lord's presence in the truths of faith is.

  
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Thanks to the Swedenborg Society for the permission to use this translation.

来自斯威登堡的著作

 

Arcana Coelestia#9198

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9198. 'Any widow' means those who have good that is without truth, and still have a desire for truth. This is clear from the meaning of 'a widow' as good that is without truth and nevertheless has a desire for truth. The reason why 'a widow' has this meaning is that 'a man' (vir) means truth and his 'wife' (mulier) good, so that when this man's wife has become a widow she means good that is without truth. But in an even more internal sense than this 'a widow' means truth that is without good, the reason being that in that sense 'a husband' (maritus) means good and his 'wife' (uxor) truth, see 3236, 4510, 4823. In this sense the Lord by virtue of His Divine Good is called 'Husband' and 'Bridegroom', while His kingdom and Church by virtue of its acceptance of Divine Truth that emanates from the Lord is called 'wife' and 'bride', 9182. But since the subject now is not the Lord's celestial Church but His spiritual Church, 'a widow' means one who has good but not truth, and still has a desire for truth. It is similar with 'an orphan'. In the inmost or celestial sense 'an orphan' means those who have good and a desire for truth. See what has been introduced and explained in 4844 regarding the meaning of 'a widow' and 'an orphan' in the celestial sense. To this let what the Lord says in Luke about the widow in Zarephath be added,

Truly I say to you that no prophet is accepted in his own country. In truth, I tell you, there were many widows in Israel in the days of Elijah, when the heaven was shut up three years and six months, while there was a great famine over the whole land; yet Elijah was sent to none of them, except to Zarephath of Sidon, to a woman - a widow. Luke 4:24-26.

[2] Since the Divine was the source of all the things spoken by the Lord they have an inner meaning; and the subject in that inner meaning is the Lord Himself, also His kingdom and the Church. Therefore what the Lord meant on that level of meaning by the things He said about the widow in Zarephath of Sidon may be seen if brought out into the open.

No prophet is accepted in his own country

This means that the Lord and Divine Truth that comes from Him are less well received and loved in people's hearts within the Church than outside it. The Lord spoke these words to the Jews, among whom the Church existed at that time; and as is well known, the Lord was less well received there than by gentiles who were outside the Church. The situation is similar in the Church at the present day, which takes its name Christian from Him. In this Church the Lord is indeed received in what it teaches; yet few accept Him by acknowledging Him in their heart, fewer still doing so with love and affection. The acceptance of Him by gentiles outside the Church who have been converted is different. They worship and adore Him as their one and only God; they declare with their lips and contemplate in their hearts that they acknowledge Him as their God, since He has appeared in human form, 5256. A contrary attitude exists within the Church. Here, because He was born a human being, there is scarcely any acknowledgement of Him as God in people's hearts. They make His Humanity like their own, even though they know that His Father was Jehovah and not a human being. All this shows what 'No prophet is accepted in his own country' has been used to mean in the internal sense. In this sense 'a prophet' means the Lord in respect of Divine Truth, and so in respect of the teachings of the Church. For the meaning of 'a prophet' as one who teaches, and in the abstract sense as doctrinal teachings, and - when it is used in reference to the Lord - as Divine Truth or the Word, see above in 9188 (end).

[3] There were many widows in Israel in the days of Elijah

In the internal sense this means the situation at that time, when God's truth coming from the Word was acknowledged in the Church. 'Widows' are those who have good that is without truth, as stated above; 'Elijah' is the Lord in respect of the Word, 'the days of Elijah' being the situation or state at that time, when God's truth coming from the Word was received; and 'Israel' is the Church.

'Elijah' represented the Lord in respect of the Word, see Preface to Genesis 18, and 2762, 5247 (end), 8029. 'Days' are states, 893, 2788, 3462, 3785, 4850, 6110, 8426. 'Israel' is the Church, 4286, 6426, 6637, 8805.

[4] When the heaven was closed for three years and six months

This means the internal Church completely laid waste, 'the heaven' meaning the internal aspect of the Church, and 'three years and six months' meaning to completeness. For the meaning of 'the heaven' as the internal aspect of the Church, see 1733, 1850, 3355, 4535. It is said to be 'closed' when it has been laid waste and exists no longer. As regards the meaning of 'three years and six months' as to completeness, this is clear from the meaning of '1260 days' in Revelation 11:3; 12:6 - this number of days making up three years and six months - as to completeness or right to the end. It is clear likewise from the meaning of 'three days and a half', Revelation 11:9-11, and also of 'a time and times and half a time' in Revelation 12:14, and in Daniel 12:7 too, as to completeness or right to the end.

[5] While there was a great famine over the whole land

This means the external Church also laid waste, for 'a famine' is an absence and want of truth and good, 3364, 5277, 5279, 5281, 5300, 5360, 5376, 5415, 5576, 6110, 7102, and 'the land' or 'the earth' is the external Church, 1262, 1413, 1733, 1850, 2117, 2118 (end), 3355, 4535, 5577, 8011, 8732.

Yet Elijah was sent to none of them

This means the Lord in respect of the Word, thus the Lord's Word, not sent to others, because it would not have been received elsewhere, 'Elijah' being, as stated above, the Lord in respect of the Word.

[6] Except to Zarephath of Sidon, to a woman - a widow

This means sent only to those who have good and a desire for truth. The description 'Zarephath of Sidon' is used because 'Sidon' means cognitions or knowledge of goodness and truth, 1201. The fact that 'a woman - a widow' means one who has good and a desire for truth is evident from this, and especially from what is recorded about her in the first Book of Kings,

Elijah came to Zarephath of Sidon, to a woman - a widow - to sustain him. He told her to bring him a little water to drink, and then to bring him a small piece of bread in her hand. She said that she had a tiny amount of flour in a jar, and a tiny amount of oil in a flask, to make just a cake for herself and her son. Elijah said, Make me a small cake from it first, and bring it to me; and make one for yourself and your son after that. She did so; and the jar of flour was not used up, and the flask of oil did not fail. 1 Kings 17:9-15.

[7] Obedience, and the desire that good has for truth, is described by her giving the prophet water, as she had been commanded to do, and then by her making a cake for him first from the little she had, and for herself and her son after that. Consequent enrichment in the good of truth is meant when it says that the pot of flour was not used up and the flask of oil did not fail.

'Water' in the internal sense is truth, 2702, 3058, 3424, 4976, 5668, 8568. 'Flour' is truth derived from good, 2177. 'Oil is the good of love, 886, 4582, 4638. 'A cake' made from these ingredients is truth joined to its own good, 7978.

From all this it is plain that 'a widow' means one who has good and a desire for truth. Good and its desire for truth is described by her charity towards the prophet, greater than towards herself and her son, 'a prophet' being teachings that present truth, as has been shown above.

[8] All that has been said here shows what the Word is like, that it conceals within itself the arcana of heaven, which are not visible in the letter. But every detail of what the Lord spoke when He was in the world, and of what He spoke before that through prophets, contains heavenly and Divine matters on a level altogether above the sense of the letter. And not only individual words contain those matters, but even the individual letters of words, indeed the individual parts of each letter. But is there anyone who believes this to be so? Yet it is most certainly so; it has been proved to me beyond all doubt, as in the Lord's Divine mercy will be shown elsewhere.

  
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Thanks to the Swedenborg Society for the permission to use this translation.