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Ելք第20章

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1 Տէրը յայտնեց հետեւեալ բոլոր պատգամները՝ ասելով.

2 «Ե՛ս եմ քո Տէր Աստուածը, որ քեզ հանեցի Եգիպտացիների երկրից՝ ստրկութեան տնից:

3 Ինձնից բացի այլ աստուածներ չպիտի լինեն քեզ համար:

4 Վերեւում՝ երկնքում, ներքեւում՝ երկրի վրայ, եւ երկրի խորքի ջրերի մէջ եղած որեւէ բանի նմանութեամբ քեզ կուռքեր չպիտի կերտես:

5 Չպիտի երկրպագես ու չպիտի պաշտես դրանց, որովհետեւ ե՛ս եմ քո Տէր Աստուածը՝ մի նախանձոտ Աստուած. հայրերի մեղքերի համար պատժում եմ որդիներին, ինձ ատող մարդկանց նոյնիսկ երրորդ ու չորրորդ սերնդին,

6 իսկ ինձ սիրող ու իմ հրամանը կատարող մարդկանց մինչեւ հազարերորդ սերնդին ողորմում եմ:

7 Քո տէր Աստծու անունն զուր տեղը չպիտի արտասանես, որովհետեւ Տէրը արդար չի համարում նրան, ով իր անունը զուր տեղն է արտասանում:

8 Յիշի՛ր շաբաթ օրը, որպէսզի սուրբ պահես այն:

9 Վեց օր պիտի աշխատես եւ պիտի կատարես քո բոլոր գործերը:

10 Եօթներորդ օրը քո տէր Աստծու շաբաթ օրն է: Այդ օրը դու ոչ մի գործ չպիտի անես, ոչ էլ քո տղան ու աղջիկը, քո ծառան ու քո աղախինը, քո էշն ու քո եզը, քո բոլոր անասունները, քեզ մօտ գտնուող օտարականն ու քեզ մօտ բնակուող պանդուխտը,

11 որովհետեւ Տէր Աստուած վեց օրում ստեղծեց երկինքն ու երկիրը, ծովն ու այն ամէնը, ինչ դրանց մէջ է, իսկ եօթներորդ օրը հանգստացաւ: Դրա համար էլ Տէրն օրհնեց եօթներորդ օրը եւ այն սուրբ հռչակեց:

12 Պատուի՛ր քո հօրն ու քո մօրը, որպէսզի բարիք գտնես, երկար ապրես բարեբեր այն երկրի վրայ, որ Տէր Աստուած տալու է քեզ:

13 Մի՛ սպանիր:

14 Մի՛ շնացիր:

15 Մի՛ գողացիր:

16 Քո հարեւանի դէմ սուտ վկայութիւն մի՛ տուր:

17 Ո՛չ քո մերձաւորի տան, ո՛չ նրա ագարակի վրայ աչք մի՛ ունեցիր: Ո՛չ քո մերձաւորի կնոջ վրայ, ո՛չ նրա ծառայի վրայ, ո՛չ նրա աղախնու վրայ, ո՛չ նրա եզան վրայ, ո՛չ նրա էշի վրայ, ո՛չ նրա անասունի վրայ, ո՛չ այն ամենի վրայ, ինչ քո մերձաւորինն է, աչք մի՛ ունեցիր»:

18 Ողջ ժողովուրդը լսում էր որոտը, շեփորի ձայնը, տեսնում փայլատակումներն ու ծխացող լեռը: Ողջ ժողովուրդը զարհուրեց, ընկրկեց ու կանգնեց հեռու:

19 Մարդիկ ասացին Մովսէսին. «Դո՛ւ խօսիր մեզ հետ, եւ մենք կը հնազանդուենք: Աստուած թող չխօսի մեզ հետ, թէ չէ կարող ենք մեռնել:

20 Մովսէսն ասաց նրանց. «Սրտապնդուեցէ՛ք, որովհետեւ Աստուած ձեզ փորձելու համար եկաւ ձեզ մօտ, որպէսզի նրա երկիւղը լինի ձեր մէջ, եւ դուք մեղք չգործէք»:

21 Ժողովուրդը լեռից հեռու էր կանգնած, իսկ Մովսէսը մտաւ մառախուղի մէջ, ուր գտնւում էր Աստուած:

22 Տէրն ասաց Մովսէսին. «Այսպէս կ՚ասես Յակոբի սերնդին եւ կը հաղորդես Իսրայէլի որդիներին. «Դուք ինքներդ տեսաք, որ ես երկնքից խօսեցի ձեզ հետ:

23 Ձեզ համար ոսկէ ու արծաթէ աստուածներ չպատրաստէք:

24 Ինձ համար հողաշէն զոհասեղան կը պատրաստէք եւ դրա վրայ, ամէն տեղ, ուր կը դնեմ իմ անունը, կը մատուցէք ձեր ողջակէզներն ու ձեր խաղաղութեան զոհերը, ձեր ոչխարներն ու ձեր արջառները: Ես կը գամ քեզ մօտ ու կ՚օրհնեմ քեզ:

25 Իսկ եթէ զոհասեղանը քարից կառուցես, դրա քարերը յղկուած թող չլինեն, որովհետեւ եթէ քո ձեռքի գործիքը դիպցնես դրան, ապա դա պղծուած կը լինի:

26 Իմ զոհասեղանի վրայ աստիճաններով չբարձրանաս, որպէսզի դրա վրայ քո ամօթոյքը չերեւայ»:

   

来自斯威登堡的著作

 

Arcana Coelestia#8920

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8920. 'Speak yourself to us, [and we will hear]' means the reception of truth in an adjusted form, which - in that form - they will obey. This is clear from the meaning of 'speaking' as influx and communication, dealt with in 2951, 3060, 4131, 5481, 5797, 6225, 7270, 8128, and therefore also as reception since what flows in and is communicated is received; and from the representation of Moses, the one who should speak, as the truth from God below heaven joined to God's truth in heaven, thus the intermediary between the Lord and the people, dealt with in 8760, 8787, 8805. So it is that here 'Moses' is truth in an adjusted form.

[2] As regards truth in an adjusted form, it should be recognized that when God's truth comes down by way of the heavens to people in the world, as the Word came down, it undergoes adjustment for all on its way down, both for those in heaven and for those on earth. But the form in which God's truth exists in the heavens is completely different from that in which it exists in the world. In the heavens that truth is as it exists in the internal sense of the Word, in the world it is as it appears in the literal sense. Indeed in the heavens themselves it exists in diverse forms - in one form in the inmost or third heaven, in another in the middle or second heaven, and in yet another in the first or lowest heaven. The form that God's truth takes - that is, the perception, thought, and utterance of it - in the inmost or third heaven is so superior to the form it takes in the middle or second heaven that it is not comprehensible there; it is so Divine and matchless. It contains countless things which cannot find utterance in the second heaven; it consists of nothing other than the changes of state which the affections inherent in love undergo. Yet the form God's truth takes in the middle or second heaven is in like manner superior to the one it takes in the first or lowest heaven, and is even more superior to the form God's truth takes in the world. So it is that the things which find utterance in those heavens are of a kind that no human mind has ever perceived or any ear has heard, as those who have been raised to heaven know from experience.

[3] People who have no knowledge of this suppose that those in the heavens think in the same way and speak in the same way as on earth. But they suppose this because they do not know that the interior aspects of a person belong to a higher level of existence than exterior ones do, or that the thought and speech of those in the heavens is celestial and spiritual, whereas on earth it is natural, the difference between the two being so great that words cannot describe it. But regarding those types of speech, see 1634-1650, 1757-1759, 1876, 2157, 2472, 2476, 3342-3345, 4104, 4609, 5225, 5287, 6040, 6982, 7002, 7089, 7131, 7191, 7381, 8343, 8733, 8734.

[4] From all this also it is evident that unless God's truth or the Word appeared in an adjusted form it would be unintelligible. For if it were above people's level of perception it would not pass into understanding or accordingly into faith. This is why God's truth has been given to mankind in the form taken by the Word in the letter; for if it were to appear in the form in which it exists in heaven, it would be unintelligible to anyone in the world. As soon as anyone glanced at it and saw what was in it, it would be cast aside, since it would not consist in images such as belong to natural light. Furthermore it would be full of arcana which could not possibly find a place in a person's way of thinking because they would be entirely at odds with the appearances and illusions derived from the world through the outward senses - not to mention the copious chain of deeper arcana which lie hidden within those arcana and cannot be expressed except by variations and changes in the state of heavenly light and flame, by means of which angelic speech and thought are carried on.

  
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Thanks to the Swedenborg Society for the permission to use this translation.

来自斯威登堡的著作

 

Arcana Coelestia#7381

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7381. 'Say to Aaron' means an influx of inward law into outward law. This is clear from the representation of 'Moses' as the law of God, dealt with in 6713, 6752; from the representation of 'Aaron' as teachings presenting what is good and true, dealt with in 6998, 7089, these teachings represented by 'Aaron' being nothing other than outward law emanating from inward law, that is, from the Divine through inward law; and from the meaning of 'saying' as influx, as in 6152, 6291, 7291. The reason why at this point 'saying' means influx is that Moses is commanded to 'Say to Aaron'; 'Moses' is inward law, and 'Aaron' outward law, and influx from the Divine takes place through what is inward into what is outward. Inward law is God's truth itself as it exists in heaven, while outward law is God's truth as it exists on earth. Thus inward law is truth suited to angels, while outward law is truth suited to men.

[2] Since inward law, represented by 'Moses', is truth suited to angels, while outward law, represented by 'Aaron', is truth suited to men, let something be said about them here. Truth suited to angels is for the most part beyond the comprehension of men. This is clear from the consideration that in heaven things are seen and spoken such as eye has never seen, nor ear ever heard. The reason for this is that the things spoken of among angels are spiritual, which are withdrawn from natural things and consequently are far removed from the ideas and words belonging to man's speech. For man has formed his ideas from things in the natural order, especially its grosser aspects, that is, from things which he has seen in the world and on earth, and has had physical contact with, that is, material things. Even though the ideas belonging to a person's inward thought exist on a level above material things they are nevertheless founded on material things; and the level that ideas are founded on is the level on which they seem to exist. That is the level on which a person perceives the things he thinks about. From this one may see what the situation is with the truth of faith, and also the nature of that which comes within man's range of thought, namely that which is called outward law and is represented by 'Aaron'.

[3] Let the following example serve to shed light on this. Man can have no thought at all without ideas involving time and space; such ideas cling to practically every detail of what man thinks. If ideas formed from time and space were taken away from man he would not know what he thinks, and scarcely whether he thinks. Yet angels' ideas have nothing of time or space within them, but states instead. The reason is that the natural world marks itself off from the spiritual world by the existence of time and space within it. The reason why time and space exist in the natural world, but states instead in the spiritual world, is this: In the natural world the sun appears to give rise to days and years by its apparent revolutions. It divides the days up into the four periods of night, morning, midday, and evening, and the years too into the four seasons of winter, spring, summer, and autumn, which it effects by means of variations of light and shade, as well as of warmth and coldness. And these divisions are the source of ideas of time and varying periods of it. Ideas of space arise from the use of periods as measurements; therefore where one exists, so does the other.

[4] But in the spiritual world the Sun of heaven, which is the source of spiritual light and spiritual heat, does not make circuits and revolutions which give rise to ideas of time and space. The light which flows from that Sun is God's truth, and the heat which flows from that Sun is God's goodness. These give rise to ideas of states among the angels, states of intelligence and faith being the product of God's truth, and states of wisdom and love the product of God's goodness. Variations in these states among the angels are what states of light and shade in the world, and also of warmth and coldness, correspond to, which are attributable to the sun since it is responsible for the existence of times and seasons and of spatial measurements. This example demonstrates to some extent what inward truth or truth suited to angels, called inward law, is like, and what outward truth or truth suited to men, referred to as outward law, is like. It also goes to explain why the things that angels discuss with one another are beyond man's comprehension and also indescribable.

  
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Thanks to the Swedenborg Society for the permission to use this translation.