The White Horse #12
12. The Word has been written through correspondences, and thus through representative ideas
The Word as regards its literal sense has been written through correspondences alone, and thus through such things as represent and signify the spiritual aspects of heaven and the Church: 1404, 1408-1409, 1540, 1619, 1659, 1709, 1783, 2179, 2763, 2899. This was done because of the internal sense in each particular instance: 2899; thus too for the sake of heaven, since those who are in heaven do not understand the Word according to its literal or natural sense but according to its internal, or spiritual sense: 2899. The Lord spoke through correspondences, through representative and signifying ideas, because He spoke from His divine being: 9049, 9063, 9086, 10126, 10276. The Lord thus spoke directly to the world and at the same time to heaven: 2533, 4807, 9049, 9063, 9086. Whatever the Lord spoke filled the whole of heaven: 1 4637. The historical narratives of the Word are representative, and their actual words have significances: 1540, 1659, 1709, 1783, 2686. The Word could not have been written in any other style for there to be communication through it with heaven: 2899, 6943, 9401. Those who treat the Word with contempt because of its simple and seemingly uncultivated style, and think that they would accept it if it had been written in a different style, are greatly mistaken: 8783. Also, the manner and style of writing of the most ancient authors was through correspondences and representative ideas: 605, 1756, 9942. I found through my own experience that the wise men of ancient times were delighted by the Word, because they found there representative and significant ideas: 2592-2593. If someone of the most ancient Church had read the Word, he would have seen clearly those things which are in the internal sense and obscurely those things in the external sense: 4493. The sons of Jacob were brought down into the land of Canaan because all places in that land were from very ancient times made representative: 1585, 3686, 4447, 5136, 6516; and so that the Word might be written there, where places were to be named because of their internal meaning: 3686, 4447, 5136, 6516. But in fact the Word in its external sense was altered on account of that people, though not as regards its internal sense: 10453, 10461, 10603-10604. Many passages from the Word are quoted about that nation, which must however be understood according to their internal sense-that is, other than according to the literal sense: 7051. Since that nation represented the Church, and because the Word was written among and about that nation, therefore heavenly ideas were signified by their names, for example Reuben, Simeon, Levi, Judah, Ephraim, Joseph and the rest; and by Judah in the internal sense is signified the Lord as regards celestial love, and His heavenly kingdom: 3654, 3881, 5583, 5782, 6362-6381.
So that it may be known what are the correspondences and their nature, and what is the nature of the representations in the Word, something will also be said about those. All things which correspond also represent and then signify something, such that correspondences and representations go together as one: 2896, 2899, 2973, 2987, 2989-2990, 3002, 3225. What those correspondences and representations are, from my own experience and examples: 2763, 2987-3002, 3213-3226, 3337-3352, 3472-3485, 4218-4228, 9280. The knowledge of correspondences and representations was the most important field of knowledge among the ancients: 3021, 3419, 4280, 4749, 4844, 4964, 4966, 6004, 7729, 10252; especially among people in eastern parts: 5702, 6692, 7097, 7779, 9391, 10252, 10407; in Egypt more than other places: 5702, 6692, 7097, 7779, 9391, 10407; even among the Gentiles, for example in Greece and elsewhere: 2762, 7729. But today it is among the lost fields of knowledge, especially in Europe: 2894-2895, 2995, 3630, 3632, 3747-3749, 4581, 4966, 10252. But always that type of knowledge is more important than all others, since without it the Word is not understood; nor are the rites of the Jewish Church which are written about in the Word; nor is it known what the nature of heaven is, nor is it known what that which is spiritual is, nor how it happens that there is an inflowing of the spiritual into the natural, nor how there is an inflowing of the soul into the body, and many other things: 4280, and in passages cited above. All things which appear among spirits and angels are representative in accord with correspondences: 1971, 3213-3226, 3475, 3485, 9457, 9481, 9576-9577. Heaven is full of representations: 1521, 1532, 1619. Representations are more beautiful and perfect the more interior they are in heaven: 3475. Representations there are real appearances since they come from the light of heaven, which is the divine truth; and this itself is the essential part of all things that are in existence: 3485.
The reason why every single thing in the spiritual world is represented in the natural world is that what is internal clothes itself as appropriate in what is its external guise, through which it presents itself visibly, and becomes apparent: 6275, 6284, 6299. Thus, an end clothes itself in suitable guises in order to present itself as a cause in a lower sphere, and then as an effect in a still lower sphere; and when an end passes by way of a cause into an effect, it presents itself visibly, or becomes apparent right before the eyes: 5711.
This is illustrated by the inflowing of the soul into the body: namely, the soul is clothed with such things in the body through which everything it thinks and wishes can present itself and become apparent visibly; therefore when thought flows down into the body it is represented by such gestures and actions as correspond to it: 2988. Quite clearly the feelings of the mind are represented in the face by its various expressions, to such an extent that they are seen there: 4791-4805, 5695. From this it is plain that in every single thing within the natural order there lies hidden deep inside a cause and an end from the spiritual world: 3562, 5711 since things which are in the natural order are final effects, within which are prior causes: 4240, 4939, 5651, 6275, 6284, 6299, 9216. Whatever is internal is that which is represented, and what is external that which serves to represent it: 4292.
What correspondences and representations are may be further seen in the work Heaven and Hell, where the correspondence of all things of heaven with all human things is dealt with: 87-102; the correspondence of heaven with all things of earth: 103-115; and representations and appearances in heaven: 170-176.
Since all things in the natural order are representative of spiritual and celestial realities, in ancient times there were churches in which all the external observances or rituals were representative: 519, 521, 2896. The Church was set up among the children of Israel as a representative church: 1003, 2179, 10149. There all the rituals were external forms representing the internal things of heaven and the Church: 4288, 4874. The representative things of the Church and worship ceased when the Lord came into the world and manifested Himself, because the Lord revealed the internal things of the Church, and all things of that Church, in a supreme sense, had regard to Him: 4835.
Fotnoter:
1. pervaserint totum caelum (De Equo Albo), impleverint universum coelum (De Nova Hierosolyma). The latter stands closer to what Swedenborg has [...] in the entry in his index which he's drawing on here. On the assumption that De Equo Albo is subsequent to De Nova Hierosolyma, this exemplifies Swedenborg's continual effort to refine his wording, though I'm not sure why he changed from impleo to pervado:' the Revd John Elliott, who has noted many similar refinings.
属天的奥秘 #3762
3762. “到了东方之子的地” 表提升到爱之真理. 这从 “东方之子的地” 的含义清楚可知. 显然, 亚兰或叙利亚被称为 “东方之子的地”, 因为这就是雅各所去之地 (参看3249节). “叙利亚” 一般是指对良善的认知, 如前所示 (1232, 1234节); 而 “亚兰-纳哈拉姆 (Aram Naharaim即两河的叙利亚)” 特指对真理的认知 (3051, 3664节). 然而, 在这种情况下, 为了表示整个这一章所论述的主题, 即朝向爱之真理的提升, 经上没有说他到 “亚兰” 或 “叙利亚”, 而是说 “到了东方之子的地”. 爱之真理用来描述那些在别处被称作属天真理的真理, 因为它们是涉及对邻之仁和对主之爱的认知. 就论述主的至高意义而言, 它们就是神性之爱的真理.
人在能够重生之前, 必须先学习这些涉及对邻之仁和对主之爱的真理; 并且这些真理必须得到承认和相信. 它们越得到承认, 相信, 并被赋予生命, 人就越重生, 同时它们也越被植入在人的属世层中, 在那里如在自己的土壤中. 它们首先通过教导被植入在属世层中, 这些教导来自父母和老师, 然后来自主的圣言, 之后来自人自己对它们的深入思考. 不过, 通过这些方法, 它们只是被储存在属世人的记忆中, 被列入那里的认知当中, 仍旧得不到承认, 相信和接受, 除非照它们去生活. 因为在这种情况下, 此人便进入对它们的情感中, 并且他越通过生活进入对它们的情感, 这些真理就越被植入在他的属世层中, 如在自己的土壤中. 诚然, 没有被如此植入的真理也与此人同在, 但只作为某种知识或历史而存在于他的记忆中. 这种知识或历史仅仅能使他谈论这类事, 利用它们赚取名声, 从而获得财富和地位. 在这种情况下, 这些真理还没有被植入在他里面.
至于 “东方之子” 表示爱之真理, 因而表示通向良善的真理认知, 这一点从 “子” 和 “东方” 的含义可以看出来: “子” 是指真理 (参看489, 491, 533, 1147, 2623节); “东方” 是指爱 (101, 1250, 3249节). 他们的地就是它们存在于其中的土壤. 因为 “东方之子” 是指那些拥有对真理与良善的认知, 因而拥有爱之真理的人. 这一点还可从圣言中的其它经文看出来, 如列王纪:
所罗门的智慧超过一切东方之子的智慧和埃及人的一切智慧. (列王纪上 4:30)
此处 “东方之子的智慧” 表示对真理与良善的内在认知, 因而表示那些拥有它们的人. 而 “埃及人的智慧” 表示对这些事物的记忆知识, 它们处于较低层级. “埃及人” 表示总的记忆知识 (参看1164, 1165, 1462节).
耶利米书:
耶和华如此说, 起来, 上去攻击基达, 毁灭东方之子. 他们的帐棚和羊群都要夺去, 他们的幔子和一切器皿, 并骆驼也要掠去. (耶利米书 49:28-29)
此处 “东方之子” 表示那些拥有对良善与真理的认知之人. 这一点从以下事实明显可知: “他们的帐棚和羊群都要夺去, 他们的幔子和一切器皿, 并骆驼也要掠去”. 因为 “帐棚” 表示良善的神圣事物 (414, 1102, 2145, 2152, 3312节); “羊群” 表仁之良善 (343, 2566节); “幔子” 表神圣真理 (2576, 3478节); “器皿” 表信之真理和记忆知识 (3068, 3079节); “骆驼” 是指总的记忆知识 (3048, 3071, 3143, 3145节). 因此, “东方之子” 表示那些拥有这些事物, 即拥有对良善与真理的认知之人.
耶稣出生时到祂那里的东方智者就属于那些被称作东方之子的人. 这一点从以下事实明显可知, 他们知道主要降生, 并且通过东方显现给他们的那颗星知晓祂的到来. 这些事在马太福音中被描述如下:
当耶稣生在犹太的伯利恒时, 看哪, 有几个博士从东方来到耶路撒冷, 说, 那生下来作犹太人之王的在哪里? 我们在东方看见祂的星, 特来拜祂. (马太福音 2:1-2)
自古以来, 来自叙利亚的东方之子当中就有这样的预言. 这一事实从巴兰关于主到来的预言清楚可知, 摩西五经:
我看见祂, 却不在现时; 我望见祂, 却不在近处. 必有一星从雅各而出, 必有一杖从以色列兴起. (民数记 24:17)
巴兰来自东方之子的地, 即来自叙利亚. 这一事实从这些话明显看出来:
巴兰便题起诗歌说, 巴勒领我出叙利亚; 摩押王领我出东山. (民数记 23:7)
耶稣出生时到祂那里的那三个智者被称为博士, 那时, 这个词是用来称谓智者的. 这一点从许多经文明显看出来, 如创世记 (41:8), 出埃及记 (7:11), 但以理书 (2:27; 4:6, 7), 以及先知书的各处.
“东方之子” 在反面意义上表示对邪恶与虚假的认知, 因而表示那些拥有它们的人. 这一点明显可见于以赛亚书:
以法莲的嫉妒就必消散, 犹大的仇敌必被剪除; 他们要向西飞, 扑在非利士人的肩头上; 一同掳掠东方之子. (以赛亚书 11:13-14)
在以西结书, 当说预言攻击亚扪人时:
看哪, 我要把你交给东方之子为业, 他们必在你中间安营居住. (以西结书 25:4, 10)
士师记:
以色列人每逢撒种之后, 米甸人, 亚玛力人和东方之子都上来; 他们都上来攻打他们. (士师记 6:3)
“米甸人” 表示那些处于虚假的人, 因为他们没有生活的良善 (3242节); “亚玛力人” 表示那些处于用来攻击真理的虚假之人 (1679节); “东方之子” 表示那些具有支持虚假的认知之人.
