915. Le premier fondement, jaspe ; le second, saphir ; le troisième, chalcédoine ; le quatrième, émeraude ; (Vers. 21:20.) le cinquième, sardonyx ; le sixième, sardoine ; le septième, chrysolithe ; le huitième, béril ; le neuvième, topaze ; le dixième, chrysoprase ; le onzième, hyacinthe ; le douzième, améthyste, signifie toutes les choses de cette doctrine d'après le sens de la lettre de la Parole, dans leur ordre, chez ceux qui s'adressent immédiatement au Seigneur, et vivent selon les préceptes du Décalogue en fuyant les maux comme péchés ; car eux, et non les autres, sont dans la doctrine de l'amour envers Dieu et de l'amour à l'égard du prochain, qui sont les deux fondements de la religion. Que par les douze fondements de la muraille soient signifiées toutes les choses de la doctrine de la Nouvelle Jérusalem d'après le sens de la lettre de la Parole, on le voit ci-dessus, Nos. 902, 914 ; que par les pierres précieuses en général soient signifiés tous les vrais de la doctrine d'après la Parole, qui transparaissent par le sens spirituel, on le voit ci-dessus, Nos. 231, 540, 726, 911, 914 ; ici par chaque pierre est spécialement signifié quelque vrai, qui transparaît ainsi ; que la Parole, dans le sens de la lettre, quant à ses doctrinaux, corresponde aux pierres précieuses de tout genre, on le voit dans la doctrine de la nouvelle Jérusalem sur l'écriture sainte, Nos. 43-46. Il y a en général deux couleurs qui brillent dans les pierres précieuses, la couleur Rouge et la couleur Blanche ; les autres couleurs, comme le vert, le jaune, l'azur, et plusieurs autres, sont composées de celles-là au moyen du noir, et par la couleur rouge il est signifié le bien de l'amour, et par la couleur blanche le vrai de la sagesse ; si la couleur rouge signifie le bien de l'amour, c'est parce qu'elle tire son origine du feu du soleil, et que le feu du Soleil du Monde spirituel est dans son essence le Divin Amour du Seigneur, ainsi le bien de l'amour ; et si la couleur blanche signifie le vrai de la sagesse c'est parce qu'elle tire son origine de la lumière qui procède du feu de ce soleil, et que cette lumière procédante est dans son essence la Divine Sagesse, ainsi le vrai de la sagesse ; et le noir tire son origine de leur ombre, qui est l'ignorance ; mais expliquer en particulier quelle chose du bien et quelle chose du vrai signifie chaque pierre, cela serait trop long ; toutefois, pour savoir quelle chose du bien ou du vrai chaque pierre signifie dans cet ordre, il faut se reporter aux Explications ci-dessus données, Chapitre 7, depuis le Vers. 5 jusqu'au Vers. 8, Nos. 349-361, où il s'agit des douze Tribus d'Israël ; car ici, par chaque pierre, il est signifié la même chose que là par chaque Tribu nommée, puisque par les douze Tribus qui y sont désignées il est pareillement signifié tous les biens et tous les vrais de l'Église et de sa doctrine dans leur ordre ; c'est pourquoi il est aussi dit dans ce Chapitre, Vers. 14, que sur ces douze fondements étaient écrits les noms des douze Apôtres de l'Agneau ; par les douze Apôtres sont signifiées toutes les choses de la doctrine concernant le Seigneur, et concernant la vie selon ses préceptes, No. 903. Par ces douze pierres, il est aussi signifié les mêmes choses que par les douze pierres précieuses dans le Pectoral d'Aharon, qui était appelé Urim et Thuimim, — Exode 28:15-21 — choses qui ont été expliquées en particulier dans les ARCANES CÉLESTES, Nos. 9856, 9882, avec cette différence, que sur celles-ci il y avait les noms des douze Tribus d'Israël ; et sur celles-là les noms des douze Apôtres de l'Agneau. Il est dit aussi dans Ésaïe que les Fondements sont des pierres précieuses :

— « 0 affligée! voici, Moi, je disposerai avec L'antimoine TES PIERRES, TES FONDEMENTS JE POSERAI EN SAPHIRS, et tes portes en PIERRES DE RUBIS ; tous tes fils seront enseignés de Jéhovah. » — Ésaïe 54:11-13

— par affligée, il est entendu l'Église qui devait être instaurée par le Seigneur chez les nations.

Dans le Même :

— « Ainsi a dit le Seigneur Jéhovah : Moi, je vais fonder en Sion UNE PIERRE, PIERRE A L'ÉPREUVE, Angle de prix, de Fondation fondée ; je poserai le jugement pour règle, et ta justice pour aplomb. » — Ésaïe 28:16-17.

— Comme tout Vrai de la doctrine d'après la Parole est fondé sur la reconnaissance du Seigneur, c'est pour cela que le Seigneur est appelé LA PIERRE D'ISRAËL, — Genèse 49:24.

— et aussi LA PIERRE D'ANGLE que ceux qui bâtissaient ont rejetée, — Matthieu 21:42 ; Marc 12:10-11 ; Luc 20:17, ;

— que la Pierre d'Angle soit une pierre des fondements, on le voit d'après Jérémie 51:26.

— Le Seigneur aussi dans la Parole est, en beaucoup d'endroits, appelé la Pierre ; c'est pourquoi il se désigne Lui-Même par la Pierre, lorsqu'il dit :

— « Sur cette PIERRE je bâtirai mon Église. » — Matthieu 16:18-19 :

— et aussi quand il dit :

— « Quiconque entend mes paroles, et les fait, est pareil à un homme prudent qui bâtit une maison, et pose LE FONDEMENT SUR LA PIERRE. » — Luc 6:47-48 ; Matthieu 7:24-25 ;

— par la Pierre est signifié le Seigneur quant au Divin Vrai de la Parole. Que toutes les choses de l'Église et de sa doctrine se réfèrent à ces deux-ci : S'adresser immédiatement au Seigneur, et vivre selon les préceptes du Décalogue en fuyant les maux comme péchés ; et qu'ainsi toutes les choses de la doctrine se réfèrent à l'amour envers Dieu et à l'amour à l'égard du prochain, on le verra dans la DOCTRINE DE LA NOUVELLE JÉRUSALEM SUR LA CHARITÉ, où ces choses seront exposées dans leur ordre.

10137. 'And a drink offering of a quarter of a hin of wine' means spiritual truth, the amount needed for a joining together. This is clear from the meaning of 'wine' as truth, dealt with in 1071, 1798, 6377, at this point spiritual truth answering to the spiritual good derived from celestial good, meant by 'fine flour mixed with oil', dealt with immediately above in 10136 (where good is the subject in the Word, so too is truth, and indeed the truth belonging to the same class as the good. This is so because every single thing in heaven and also in the world has connection with good or with truth, and with both if it is to have any real existence, since good without truth is not good and truth without good is not truth, see the places referred to in 9263, 9314. This explains why when a minchah, which consisted of bread, was offered, so was a drink offering, which consisted of wine, in much the same way as in the Holy Supper. So it is that 'a drink offering of wine' is used here to mean the truth that answers to the good meant by a minchah, dealt with immediately above); and from the meaning of 'a quarter of a hin' as the amount needed for a joining together, dealt with immediately above in 10136.

[2] Everyone may see that not merely bread and wine should be understood by a minchah, which consisted of bread, and a drink offering, which consisted of wine, but something that belongs to the Church and to heaven, thus spiritual and celestial things, which are heaven's and the Church's. If this had not been so what would have been the point of putting the bread and wine on the fire on the altar? How could this have been pleasing to Jehovah, or how could it have been, as it says, an odour of rest to Him? How could it have expiated a person? Anyone who thinks reverently about the Word cannot imagine how an action so earthly could be pleasing to Jehovah unless something Divine on a deeper, more internal level was contained in it. The person who believes that the Word is Divine and spiritual throughout ought to believe completely that every detail there has some heavenly arcanum concealed within it. But the reason why no one up to now has known just where such an arcanum lies is that no one has known that an internal sense, which is spiritual and Divine, exists within every detail there. Nor has anyone known that angels are present with each person, perceiving his thoughts and understanding the Word in a spiritual manner when he reads it; that then through them a holy influence from the Lord reaches him; and that therefore through those angels heaven is linked to the person, to whom the Lord is linked by means of the heavens. It is for this reason that the kind of Word just described has been given to mankind, that Word being the sole means by which the Lord can provide for his salvation.

[3] The fact that 'minchah', consisting of bread, means the good of love and that 'drink offering', consisting of wine, means the good of faith, and that this is what the angels see in them, becomes clear from all those places in the Word which make reference to a minchah or a drink offering, such as these verses in Joel,

The minchah has been cut off, and the drink offering, from the house of Jehovah; the priests have been mourning, the ministers of Jehovah. The field has been devastated, the land has been mourning because the grain has been devastated, the new wine has dried up, the oil languishes. The vine has dried up and the fig tree languishes. Wail, O ministers of the altar, because the minchah and the drink offering have been withheld from the house of your God. For the day of Jehovah is near, and comes as destruction from Shaddai. Joel 1:9-15.

This refers to the final period of the Church, when the good of love and truth of faith are not present there any longer, meant by 'the day of Jehovah is near, and comes as destruction from Shaddai'.

[4] From this it is evident that by the minchah and drink offering which have been cut off from the house of Jehovah, the field which has been devastated, the land which mourns, the grain which too has been devastated, the new wine which has dried up, the oil which languishes, and the vine and fig which do so, such things as belong to the Church and to heaven are meant. It is the internal sense however that shows what it is they mean. From that sense it is evident that 'the field' means the Church as regards its reception of truth, see 3766, 4982, 7502, 7571, 9295; 'the land' the Church as regards [its reception of] good, see the places referred to in 9325; 'the grain' all the good that the Church has, 5295, 5410, 5959; 'the new wine' all the truth that the Church has, 3580; 'the oil' the good of love, 4582, 4638, 9780; 'the vine' the spiritual Church's interior good, 5113, 6376, 9277; and 'the fig' its exterior good, 217, 4231, 5113. From all this it is evident that 'the minchah' and 'the drink offering' mean worship springing from the good of love and from the good of faith.

[5] In Malachi,

I will not accept a minchah from your hands. For from the rising of the sun even to its setting, great is the name of Jehovah among the nations; and in every place [there will be] incense, offered to My name, and a pure minchah. Malachi 1:10-11.

It is evident that a minchah should not be understood here either by 'a minchah', nor incense by 'incense', since the subject is the Church among the gentile nations, among whom there was no minchah. For it says, 'From the rising of the sun to its setting, great is the name of Jehovah among the nations; and in every place [there will be] a pure minchah and incense', 'incense' meaning adoration springing from the good of faith, see 9475.

[6] Something similar occurs in David,

My prayers are acceptable, [as] incense before You, the lifting up of my hands, [as] the evening minchah. Psalms 141:2.

'The evening minchah' means the good of love in the external man.

[7] In Isaiah,

You inflamed yourselves among the gods under every green tree. You have also poured out a drink offering to them; you have presented a gift ¹ . You offer the king a gift in oil, and multiply your perfumes; and you debase yourself even to hell. Isaiah 57:5-6, 9.

This refers to worship based on evils and falsities which come from hell. 'The gods' in the internal sense are falsities, for although those who worshipped other gods called them by name, nevertheless falsities arising from evils were what they worshipped. Regarding the gods of the foreigner in the Word, that falsities are meant by them, see 4402(end), 8941. '[Every] green tree' means every perception, recognition, and corroboration of falsity, 2722, 2972, 4552, 7692, 'green' implying a sensory apprehension, 7691. 'Inflaming oneself' means worship that is passionate, for 'the fire' that causes such fervour is love in both senses, 5215, 6832, 7575. 'Pouring out a drink offering' is worship springing from the falsities of evil; 'offering the king a gift in oil' is the worship of Satan springing from evils, 'a gift in oil' being a minchah, and 'multiplying perfumes' is multiplying offerings of incense, by which acts of adoration are meant, 9475. Therefore it also says that he debases himself even to hell.

[8]From these considerations it becomes clear that 'a minchah', which consisted of bread, and 'a drink offering', which consisted of wine, mean things such as belong to the Church and to heaven, namely heavenly food and drink, in the same way as the bread and wine in the Holy Supper do - for the reason given above, that heaven may join itself to a person through the Word, consequently that the Lord may do so through heaven by means of the Word. Since the Divine presence in the Word consists in such things it nourishes the minds not only of people in the world but also of angels and causes heaven and the world to be one.

[9] From this it also becomes clear that all the things without exception which have been stated and commanded in the Word regarding the minchah and drink offering, or bread and wine, contain Divine arcana within them. This is so for example with the requirement that a minchah should consist of fine flour which had oil and also frankincense on it, that it should be altogether salted, and that it should be unleavened or without yeast. Then there is the requirement that there was to be one set of proportions for the mixture when a lamb was sacrificed, another when it was a ram, another when it was a young bull, and yet another in guilt- and sin-sacrifices, while the proportions in other sacrifices were different again. The proportion of wine in the drink offering varied in a similar way. Unless these specific requirements had embodied the arcana of heaven no such things would ever have been commanded in connection with the various forms of worship.

[10] To enable these different requirements to be seen alongside one another, let them be set out here in their own order, as contained in the eucharistic sacrifices and burnt offerings, in Numbers 15:4-12; 28:9-12, 20-21, 28-29; 29:3-4, 9-10, 14-15, 18, 21, 24, 27, 30, 33, 37,

For each lamb there was a minchah consisting of one tenth of an ephah of fine flour mixed with a quarter of a hin of oil; and the wine for the drink offering was a quarter of a hin.

For each ram there was a minchah consisting of two tenths [of an ephah] of fine flour, and a third of a hin of oil; and a third of a hin of wine for the drink offering.

For each young bull there was a minchah consisting of three tenths [of an ephah] of fine flour mixed with oil, a half of a hin; and half of a hin of wine for the drink offering.

The reason why the proportions of fine flour, oil, and wine for a lamb should be different from those for a ram or for a young bull was that a lamb meant the inmost good of innocence, a ram the middle good of innocence, and a young bull the lowest or external good of innocence. For there are three heavens - the inmost, the middle, and the lowest - and therefore also there are three degrees of the good of innocence. The increase of it from first to last is meant by the increase in the proportions of fine flour, oil, and wine. It should be remembered that the good of innocence is the very soul of heaven, because that good alone is the recipient of the love, charity, and faith which constitute the heavens.

'A lamb' means the inmost good of innocence, see 3994, 10132.

'A ram' means the middle or interior good of innocence, 10042.

'A young bull' means the lowest or external good of innocence, 9391, 9990.

[11] In sacrifices for thanksgiving (confessio) however there was a minchah consisting of unleavened cakes mixed with oil, unleavened wafers anointed with oil, cakes made of fried flour and mixed with oil, and in addition leavened bread cakes, Leviticus 7:11-12; and in guilt- and sin-sacrifices there was a minchah consisting of a tenth of an ephah of fine flour, but without oil or frankincense on top of it, Leviticus 5:11. The reason why no oil or frankincense should be put on top of the minchah composing a sin- or guilt-sacrifice was that 'oil' is a sign of the good of love and 'frankincense' a sign of the truth which goes with that good, and a sin- or a guilt-sacrifice is a sign of purification and expiation from evils and the falsities arising from them, which therefore were not to be mingled with good or the truth springing from it.

[12] In addition to these there were the minchah of Aaron and his sons on the day they were going to be anointed, see Leviticus 6:20-22; the minchah of the firstfruits of the harvest, Leviticus 2:14-15; 23:10, 12-13, 17; the minchah of the Nazirite, Numbers 6:13-21]; the minchah of jealousy, Numbers 5:11-31]; the minchah of one cleansed from leprosy, Leviticus 14:1-32]; and also the minchah baked in an oven, the minchah prepared in a pan, and the minchah cooked in a pot, Leviticus 2:4-7. There was was to be no yeast in a minchah, nor any honey; and the minchah had to be fully salted, Leviticus 2:11, 13. The reason why there should be no yeast in a minchah, nor any honey, was that in the spiritual sense 'yeast' means falsity arising from evil, and 'honey' external delight very much mixed with the delight belonging to love of the world, which also causes fermentation in heavenly forms of good and truths and subsequent disintegration of them. And the reason why they should be fully salted was that 'salt' was a sign of truth desiring good and so joining the two together.

'Yeast' means falsity arising from evil, see 2342, 7906, 8051, 9992.

'Honey' means external delight, thus such delight belonging to love in both senses, 5620.

'Salt' means truth desiring good, 9207.

Fotnoter: