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Exodus 34

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1 Toen zeide de HEERE tot Mozes: Houw u twee stenen tafelen, gelijk de eerste waren, zo zal Ik op de tafelen schrijven dezelfde woorden, die op de eerste tafelen geweest zijn, die gij gebroken hebt.

2 En wees bereid tegen den morgenstond; dat gij in den morgenstond op den berg Sinai klimt, en stel u aldaar voor Mij, op den top des bergs.

3 En niemand zal met u opklimmen; dat er ook niemand gezien worde op den gansen berg; ook het kleine vee, noch runderen zullen tegenover dezen berg niet weiden.

4 Toen hieuw hij twee stenen tafelen, gelijk de eerste; en Mozes stond des morgens vroeg op, en klom op den berg Sinai, gelijk als hem de HEERE geboden had; en hij nam de twee stenen tafelen in zijn hand.

5 De HEERE nu kwam nederwaarts in een wolk, en stelde Zich aldaar bij hem; en Hij riep uit den Naam des HEEREN.

6 Als nu de HEERE voor zijn aangezicht voorbijging, zo riep Hij: HEERE, HEERE, God, barmhartig en genadig, lankmoedig en groot van weldadigheid en waarheid.

7 Die de weldadigheid bewaart aan vele duizenden, Die de ongerechtigheid, en overtreding, en zonde vergeeft; Die den schuldige geenszins onschuldig houdt, bezoekende de ongerechtigheid der vaderen aan de kinderen, en aan de kindskinderen, in het derde en vierde lid.

8 Mozes nu haastte zich en neigde het hoofd ter aarde, en hij boog zich.

9 En hij zeide: Heere! indien ik nu genade gevonden heb in Uw ogen, zo ga nu de Heere in het midden van ons, want dit is een hardnekkig volk; doch vergeef onze ongerechtigheid en onze zonde, en neem ons aan tot een erfdeel!

10 Toen zeide Hij: Zie, Ik maak een verbond; voor uw ganse volk zal Ik wonderen doen, die niet geschapen zijn op de ganse aarde, noch onder enige volken; alzo dat dit ganse volk, in welks midden gij zijt, des HEEREN werk zien zal, dat het schrikkelijk is, hetwelk Ik met u doe.

11 Onderhoudt gij hetgeen Ik u heden gebiede! zie, Ik zal voor uw aangezicht uitdrijven de Amorieten, en de Kanaanieten, en de Hethieten, en de Ferezieten, en de Hevieten, en de Jebusieten.

12 Wacht u, dat gij toch geen verbond maakt met den inwoners des lands, waarin gij komen zult; dat hij misschien niet tot een strik worde in het midden van u.

13 Maar hun altaren zult gijlieden omwerpen, en hun opgerichte beelden zult gij verbreken, en hun bossen zult gij afhouwen.

14 (Want gij zult u niet buigen voor een anderen god; want des HEEREN Naam is Ijveraar! een ijverig God is Hij!)

15 Opdat gij misschien geen verbond maakt met den inwoner van dat land; en zij hun goden niet nahoereren, noch hun goden offerande doen, en hij u nodigende, gij van hun offerande etet.

16 En gij voor uw zonen vrouwen neemt van hun dochteren; en hun dochteren, haar goden nahoererende, maken, dat ook uw zonen haar goden nahoereren.

17 Gij zult u geen gegoten goden maken.

18 Het feest der ongezuurde broden zult gij houden; zeven dagen zult gij ongezuurde broden eten, gelijk Ik u geboden heb, ter gezetter tijd der maand Abib; want in de maand Abib zijt gij uit Egypte uitgegaan.

19 Al wat de baarmoeder opent, is Mijn; ja, al uw vee, dat mannelijk zal geboren worden, openende de baarmoeder van het grote en kleine vee.

20 Doch den ezel, die de baarmoeder opent, zult gij met een stuk klein vee lossen; maar indien gij hem niet zult lossen, zo zult gij hem den nek breken. Al de eerstgeborenen uwer zonen zult gij lossen, en men zal voor Mijn aangezicht niet ledig verschijnen.

21 Zes dagen zult gij arbeiden, maar op den zevenden dag zult gij rusten; in den ploegtijd en in den oogst zult gij rusten.

22 Het feest der weken zult gij ook houden, zijnde het feest der eerstelingen van den tarweoogst, en het feest der inzameling, als het jaar om is.

23 Al wat mannelijk is onder u zal driemaal in het jaar verschijnen voor het aangezicht des Heeren Heeren, den God van Israel.

24 Wanneer Ik de volken voor uw aangezicht uit de bezitting zal verdrijven, en uw landpalen verwijden, dan zal niemand uw land begeren, terwijl gij henen opgaan zult, om te verschijnen voor het aangezicht des HEEREN uws Gods, driemaal in het jaar.

25 Gij zult het bloed van Mijn slachtoffer niet offeren met gedesemd brood; het slachtoffer van het paasfeest zal ook niet vernachten tot den morgen.

26 De eerstelingen van de eerste vruchten uws lands zult gij in het huis des HEEREN uws Gods brengen. Gij zult het bokje in de melk zijner moeder niet koken.

27 Verder zeide de HEERE tot Mozes: Schrijf u deze woorden; want naar luid dezer woorden heb Ik een verbond met u en met Israel gemaakt.

28 En hij was aldaar met den HEERE, veertig dagen en veertig nachten; hij at geen brood, en hij dronk geen water; en Hij schreef op de tafelen de woorden des verbonds, de tien woorden.

29 En het geschiedde, toen Mozes van den berg Sinai afging (de twee tafelen der getuigenis nu waren in de hand van Mozes, als hij van den berg afging), zo wist Mozes niet, dat het vel zijns aangezichts glinsterde, toen Hij met hem sprak.

30 Als nu Aaron en al de kinderen Israels Mozes aanzagen, ziet, zo glinsterde het vel zijns aangezichts; daarom vreesden zij tot hem toe te treden.

31 Toen riep Mozes hen; en Aaron, en al de oversten in de vergadering keerden weder tot hem; en Mozes sprak tot hen.

32 En daarna traden al de kinderen Israels toe; en hij gebood hun al wat de HEERE met hem gesproken had op den berg Sinai.

33 Alzo eindigde Mozes met hen te spreken, en hij had een deksel op zijn aangezicht gelegd.

34 Doch als Mozes voor het aangezicht des HEEREN kwam, om met Hem te spreken, zo nam hij het deksel af, totdat hij uitging; en nadat hij uitgegaan was, zo sprak hij tot de kinderen Israels, wat hem geboden was.

35 Zo zagen dan de kinderen Israels het aangezicht van Mozes, dat het vel van het aangezicht van Mozes glinsterde; derhalve deed Mozes het deksel weder op zijn aangezicht, totdat hij inging om met Hem te spreken.

   

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Arcana Coelestia # 9437

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9437. 'And Moses was in the mountain forty days and forty nights' means the instructions given and influx in their completeness. This is clear from the meaning of 'forty' as completeness. 'Forty' means completeness because 'four' means that which is complete, 9103, as similarly does 'ten', 3107, 4638, and forty is the product of four multiplied by ten. For compound numbers have a meaning similar to the simple numbers of which they are the product, 5291, 5335, 5708, 7973; and all numbers in the Word mean spiritual realities, see 575, 3252, 4264, 4495, 4670, 5265, 6175. All this goes to explain why Moses was in the mountain forty days and forty nights. The fact that 'forty' here means the instructions given and the influx in their completeness is evident from Chapters 25-32 which come next, recording the instructions Moses received, that is, instructions regarding the ark, Aaron, the urim and thummim, and sacrifices. The reason why influx in its completeness is also meant is that at that time Moses began to represent the outward holiness of the Word, which acted as the intermediary between the Lord and the people, and mediation is accomplished by means of influx through that holiness into the representative existing among that people, 9419.

[2] It was because 'forty' represented completeness that Moses remained on Mount Sinai forty days and forty nights not only this time but also on another occasion, Exodus 34:28; Deuteronomy 9:18, 25; 10:10. For the same reason the children of Israel wandered in the wilderness forty years until, as it says in Numbers 14:33-34; 32:13, all that generation had been consumed; Jonah told the Ninevites that their city would be overturned after forty days, Jonah 3:4; the prophet was commanded to lie on his right side and bear the iniquity of the house of Judah forty days, Ezekiel 4:6; it says regarding Egypt that it would be made completely desolate for forty years, after which they would be gathered from the peoples, Ezekiel 29:11-13; and the earth was rained on forty days and forty nights, so that it was inundated with the flood, Genesis 7:4, 12, 17. From all this it is evident why the wicked person was to receive forty blows, Deuteronomy 25:3, for 'forty blows' meant the punishment in its completeness. It is also evident what should be understood in the prophecy of Deborah and Barak when it says that no shield or spear was seen among the forty thousand of Israel, Judges 5:8, 'among the forty thousand of Israel' meaning among them all. It is in addition evident why the temple built by Solomon was forty cubits long, 1 Kings 6:17, as was the new temple, according to Ezekiel 41:2; for in the highest sense 'the temple' means the Lord, and in the internal sense heaven and the Church, so that 'forty' means completeness in respect of representation. And it has a like meaning in other places.

  
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Thanks to the Swedenborg Society for the permission to use this translation.

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Arcana Coelestia # 2788

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2788. That 'on the third day' means that which has been completed, and the beginning of sanctification, is clear from the meaning of 'the third day'. 'Day' in the Word means state, 23, 487, 488, 493, 893, as also does 'year', and as in general do all periods of time - an hour, day, week, month, year, or age; also morning, midday, evening, and night; and spring, summer, autumn, and winter. And when 'the third' is added to any of these the end of that state, and at the same time the beginning of the next, are meant. Here, the subject being the sanctification of the Lord which was effected by means of temptations, 'the third day' means that which has been completed and at the same time the beginning of sanctification, as also follows from what has been said previously to this. The reason for this meaning is that when He had fulfilled everything the Lord was to rise again on the third day, for the things that were done by the Lord while He lived in the world, that is, the things that were yet to be done by Him, were embodied within the representatives of the Church as though they had already been done. This was as it is with the internal sense of the Word, for with God that which is yet to come to pass and that which already is are one and the same; indeed to Him the whole of eternity is here and now.

[2] This is why the number three was representative not only in the Ancient Church and in the Jewish but also among various gentile nations; see what has been stated about this number in 720, 901, 1825. That such was the origin of the meaning of 'three' is clear in Hosea,

We will return to Jehovah, for He has wounded and will heal us; He has stricken and will bind us up; He will revive us after two days, on the third day He will raise us up that we may live before Him. Hosea 6:1-2.

Here 'the third day' stands for the coming of the Lord and His resurrection. The same is clear from Jonah, in that he was in the stomach of the fish three days and three nights, Jonah 1:17, to which the Lord refers in Matthew as follows,

As Jonah was in the belly of the whale three days and three nights, so will the Son of Man be three days and three nights in the heart of the earth. Matthew 12:40.

[3] It should be realized that in the internal sense of the Word 'three days' and 'the third day' have the same meaning, as also do 'three' and 'third' in the following places: In John,

Jesus said to the Jews, Destroy this temple and in three days I will raise it up. He was speaking of the temple of His body. John 2:19-21; Matthew 26:61; Mark 14:58; 15:29.

It is a well known fact that the Lord rose again on the third day.

[4] For the same reason the Lord also distinguished three periods in His life: in Luke,

Go and tell that fox, Behold, I cast out demons and perform cures today and tomorrow, but on the third day I reach completion. Luke 13:32.

Also, the Lord underwent the final temptation, which was that of the Cross, at the third hour of the day, Mark 15:25. Three hours later, that is, at the sixth hour, darkness fell over the whole land, 1 Luke 23:44. And three hours after that, at the ninth hour, the end came, Mark 15:33-34, 37. But in the morning of the third day He rose again, Mark 16:1-4; Luke 24:7. See also Matthew 16:21; 17:22-23; 20:18-19; Mark 8:31; 9:31; 10:33-34; Luke 18:33; 24:46. From all this, and especially from the Lord's resurrection on the third day, the number three was representative and possessed a spiritual meaning. This fact becomes clear from the following places in the Word:

When Jehovah came down upon Mount Sinai He told Moses that he was to sanctify the people today and tomorrow and they were to wash their garments and be ready on the third day, for on the third day Jehovah would come down. Exodus 19:10-11, 15-16.

When they travelled from the mountain of Jehovah on a three days' journey, the Ark of Jehovah travelled before them on the three days' journey to search out rest for them. Numbers 10:33.

There was thick darkness for three days in all the land of Egypt, and nobody could see his brother for three days, but the children of Israel had light. Exodus 10:22-23.

[5] The flesh of a sacrifice made as a vow-offering or as a freewill-offering was to be eaten on the first and the second day; nothing was to be kept until the third day but was to be burned, because it was an abomination. So too with the flesh of a sacrifice made as a 'eucharistic' offering; if this was eaten on the third day the one offering the sacrifice would not be accepted and that soul would bear his iniquity. Leviticus 7:16-18; 19:6-7.

Anyone who touched a dead body was to purify himself on the third day, and on the seventh day he would be clean. If he did not do so that soul would be cut off from Israel. And one that was clean was to sprinkle water over the unclean person on the third day and on the seventh day. Numbers 19:12-13, 19.

Those who had killed someone in battle and had touched one who had been slain were to purify themselves on the third day and on the seventh day. Numbers 31:19.

[6] When they came into the land of Canaan the fruit of a tree was to be uncircumcised for three years and not eaten. Leviticus 19:23.

At the end of three years they were to bring every tenth part of their produce in that year and deposit it within their gates so that the Levite, the sojourner, the orphan, and the widow might eat. Deuteronomy 14:28-29; 26:12.

Three times a year they were to keep a feast to Jehovah. And three times a year every male person was to appear before the face of the Lord Jehovah. Exodus 23:14, 17; Deuteronomy 16:16.

Joshua told the people that in three days they would be crossing the Jordan and inheriting the land. Joshua 1:11; 3:2.

Jehovah called to Samuel three times and the third time he answered Him. 1 Samuel 3:8.

[7] When Saul wished to kill David, David hid in the field until the third evening. Jonathan told David, I will sound out my father on the third day from now. Jonathan said that he would shoot three arrows to the side of the stone. And David fell face to the ground, before Jonathan and bowed down three times.12, 19, 20, 35, 36, 41.

David was to choose one of these three things - either seven years of famine in the land, or his own flight before his enemies for three months, or pestilence in the land for three days. 2 Samuel 24:12-13.

[8] There was a famine in the days of David for three years, year after year. 2 Samuel 21:1.

Elijah stretched himself over the dead boy three times and revived him. 1 Kings 17:21.

When he had built the altar to Jehovah, Elijah told them to pour water over the burnt offering and over the wood three times. 1 Kings 18:34.

Fire consumed the captains of fifty sent on two occasions to Elijah, but not the one sent on the third occasion. 2 Kings 1:13-14.

It was a sign to King Hezekiah that they were to eat in that year what had grown of itself, and in the second year further growth from the same; but in the third year they were to sow, reap, plant vineyards, and eat the fruit of these. 2 Kings 19:29.

[9] Daniel went into his house and had the windows open in his [upper] chamber towards Jerusalem, where three times a day he gave thanks on his knees and prayed. Daniel 6:10, 13.

Daniel was mourning for three whole weeks, not eating pleasant bread, nor drinking wine, nor anointing himself, until the three whole weeks were completed. Daniel 10:2-3.

Isaiah went naked and barefoot three years as a sign and a portent against Egypt and against Cush. Isaiah 20:3.

Out of the Lampstand went three branches on either side, and three almond-shaped cups on each branch. Exodus 25:32-33.

In the Urim and Thummim there were three precious stones in each row. Exodus 28:17-20.

[10] In the New Temple there were to be three chambers on this side of the gate and three on that, and all three were to measure the same. And the breadth of the gate to the vestibule of the house was to be three cubits this way and three cubits that. Ezekiel 40:10, 21, 48.

In the New Jerusalem there were to be three gates to the north, three to the east, three to the south, and three to the west. Ezekiel 48:31-34; Revelation 21:13.

The same may be seen in the following places:

Peter denied Jesus three times. Matthew 26:34, 69 and following verses.

The Lord said to Peter three times, Do you love Me? John 21:17.

Also, in the parable about the man who planted a vineyard, he sent servants three times, and at length his own son. Luke 20:12; Mark 12:2, 4-6.

The labourers in the vineyard were hired at the third hour, the sixth hour, the ninth hour, and the eleventh hour. Matthew 20:1-17.

And concerning the fig tree which, because it bore no fruit for three years, was to be cut down. Luke 13:6-7.

[11] Just as a group of three and a third one were representative, so also was a third part, as in the following:

Minchahs consisted of two tenths of fine flour mixed with a third part of a hin of oil, and the wine for the drink-offering was a third of a hin. Numbers 15:6-7; Ezekiel 46:14.

In Ezekiel it is said that he was to run a razor over his head and over his beard, and then to divide his hair, burning a third part in the fire, striking a third around the city with his sword, and scattering a third to the wind. Ezekiel 5:1-2, 11.

In Zechariah it is said that in the whole land, two parts were to be cut off, and the third would be left. Yet this third would be led through fire and tested. Zechariah 13:8-9.

[12] In John it is said that when the first angel sounded there came hail, and fire mixed with blood; and it fell on to the earth so that a third part of the trees were burned. The second angel sounded and so to speak a great mountain burning with fire was cast into the sea. And a third part of the sea became blood resulting in the death of a third part of the creatures who had their being in the sea. And a third part of the ships was destroyed. The third angel sounded and there fell from the sky a great star burning like a torch and it fell upon a third part of the rivers. The name of the star is Wormwood. The fourth angel sounded and a third part of the sun was struck, and a third part of the moon, and a third part of the stars, so that a third part of these was blacked out, and the day had no light for a third part of it, nor likewise the night. Revelation 8:7-12.

[13] The four angels were released to kill a third part of mankind. Revelation 9:15.

A third part of mankind was killed by these three, fire, smoke, and brimstone, which went forth out of the mouths of the horses. Revelation 9:18.

The dragon drew with his tail a third part of the stars of heaven and cast them down to the earth. Revelation 12:4.

'A third part' however means something which is not yet finished, whereas 'a third' and 'a group of three' mean that which has been finished - evil in the case of the evil, good in the case of the good.

სქოლიოები:

1. or over the whole earth

  
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Thanks to the Swedenborg Society for the permission to use this translation.