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Sáng thế 34

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1 Nàng Ði-na, con gái của Lê-a sanh cho Gia-cốp, đi ra thăm bọn con gái của xứ đó.

2 Si-chem, con trai Hê-mô, người Hê-vít, hoàng tử xứ đó, thấy nàng, thì cướp đi, nằm với nàng và làm điếm nhục nàng.

3 Tâm hồn chàng vấn-vít cùng Ði-na, con gái Gia-cốp, thương mến con gái tơ đó, lấy lời ngon ngọt nói cùng nàng.

4 Si-chem nói cùng Hê-mô, cha mình, rằng: Hãy cho tôi con gái nầy làm vợ.

5 Vả, Gia-cốp hay được rằng chàng làm hư danh giá Ði-na, con gái mình, nhưng các con trai mình mắc ở ngoài đồng cùng súc vật, nên người làm thinh đến khi họ trở về.

6 Lúc đó, Hê-mê, cha Si-chem, đến cùng Gia-cốp đặng nói chuyện cùng người.

7 Các con trai Gia-cốp ở ngoài đồng trở về, vừa hay được việc ấy, bèn nổi nóng và giận lắm, vì việc ô danh mà Si-chem đã xui cho họ Y-sơ-ra-ên, nằm cùng con gái của Gia-cốp, là việc chẳng bao giờ nên làm.

8 Hê-mô nói cùng họ rằng: Tâm hồn Si-chem, con trai tôi, đã dan-díu cùng con gái các ông; xin hãy gả nàng cho nó làm vợ.

9 Hãy kết sui-gia cùng nhau; các ông gả con gái cho chúng tôi, rồi cưới các con gái chúng tôi lại.

10 Hãy ở cùng chúng tôi; xứ sẵn dành cho các ông; hãy ở, buôn bán và dựng cơ nghiệp tại đó.

11 Si-chem thưa cùng cha và các anh em của người con gái rằng: Xin cho tôi được ơn trước mặt các ông, và điều chi các ông nói, tôi xin nạp cho.

12 Xin hãy đòi một lễ cưới cho lớn, sính nghi cho cao, tôi xin nạp theo y lời các ông nói; nhưng hãy gả con gái đó cho tôi làm vợ.

13 Các con trai Gia-cốp đáp lại cùng Si-chem và Hê-mô, cha chàng, cùng dùng mưu nói chuyện với họ, vì Si-chem đã làm mất danh giá của Ði-na, em gái mình.

14 Các người ấy nói rằng: Gả em gái chúng tôi cho ai chẳng chịu phép cắt bì, ấy là một việc chúng tôi làm không được, vì sẽ là một nỗi nhuốc nha cho chúng tôi vậy.

15 Chúng tôi sẽ nhậm lời các ông được, là khi nào các ông trở nên giống như chúng tôi, tức là mọi người nam chịu phép cắt bì;

16 vậy, chúng tôi sẽ gả con gái chúng tôi cho các ông, và sẽ cưới con gái các ông lại; đoạn ta sẽ ở chung nhau, thành ra một dân mà thôi.

17 Còn nếu không khứng nghe theo lời, và không chịu phép cắt bì, thì chúng tôi bắt con gái lại và đi ở nơi khác.

18 Bao nhiêu lời họ nói làm cho đẹp dạ Hê-mô và Si-chem, con trai người.

19 Chàng trẻ tuổi đó không ngần ngại các việc họ đã định, vì con gái của Gia-cốp đẹp lòng chàng. Vả, chàng đây là một người quí trọng hơn mọi người trong nhà cha mình.

20 Vậy, Hê-mô và Si-chem, con trai người, đi đến cửa thành mình, nói cùng dân trong thành như vầy:

21 Các người đó ăn ở hòa thuận giữa vòng chúng ta; vậy cho họ ở trong xứ đặng buôn bán. Nầy, xứ cũng rộng cho họ ở; chúng ta sẽ cưới con gái họ làm vợ, và gả các con gái chúng ta lại.

22 Nhưng họ bằng lòng ở cùng chúng ta đặng thành một dân, miễn khi nào các người nam trong bọn mình phải chịu phép cắt bì chính như mọi người nam của họ vậy.

23 Thế thì, há rằng các súc vật, các tài sản và các bầy của họ sẽ chẳng thuộc về chúng ta sao? thôi, ta hãy nhận theo họ điều đó đi, để họ ở chung cùng chúng ta.

24 Mọi người đi ra cửa thành mình đều nghe theo lời Hê-mô và Si-chem, con trai người, và hết thảy người nam đi ra cửa thành mình đều chịu phép cắt bì.

25 Ðến ngày thứ ba, khi mọi người đương đau đớn, thì hai con trai Gia-cốp, là Si-mê-ôn và Lê-vi, anh nàng Ði-na, cầm mỗi người một thanh gươm, thừa khi ai nấy yên ổn, xông vào thành giết hết thảy người nam.

26 Hai người lại lấy gươm giết Hê-mô và Si-chem, con trai người, đem nàng Ði-na ra khỏi nhà Si-chem, rồi đi.

27 Vì cớ họ làm mất danh giá em gái mình, nên các con trai Gia-cốp xông vào những xác chết và phá cướp thành;

28 bắt các bầy chiên, bò, lừa, cùng vật chi trong thành và ngoài đồng;

29 cướp đem đi hết tài vật, các con trẻ và đờn bà, cùng mọi vật chi ở trong nhà vậy.

30 Gia-cốp bèn nói cùng Si-mê-ôn và Lê-vi rằng: Bay xui cho tao bối rối, làm cho dân xứ nầy, là người Ca-na-an và người Phê-rê-sít, oán ghét tao vậy. Tao đây, chỉ có ít người; nếu họ hiệp lại đánh tao, thì chắc tao và nội nhà đều bị tàn hại.

31 Ðáp rằng: Chúng tôi nỡ chịu người ta đãi em gái chúng tôi như con đĩ sao?

   

Ze Swedenborgových děl

 

Arcana Coelestia # 4391

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4391. 'And made booths for his cattle' means a similar increase in good and truth at that time. This is clear from the meaning of 'cattle' as goods and truths in general, and from the meaning of 'making booths', which are tents, as something similar to what is meant by 'building a house', namely receiving an increase of good from truth. The two phrases differ in that 'building a house' means that which is less general, and so rather more internal, while 'making booths', or tents, means that which is more general, and so rather more external. The house was intended for themselves, that is to say, for Jacob, his womenfolk and children, the booths for the servants, flocks and herds. In the Word 'booths' or tents, strictly speaking, means the holiness of truth, and they are distinguished from tabernacles, which too are called tents, by the fact that the latter mean the holiness of good, 414, 1102, 2145, 2152, 4128. The word in the original language for booths is 'succoth', whereas that for tabernacles is 'ohalim'. The holiness of truth is the good which springs from truth.

[2] This meaning carried by the booths or tents called 'succoth' is further evident from the following places in the Word: In David,

Jehovah God rode on a cherub, and flew, and was borne on the wings of the wind. He made darkness His hiding-place, and His surroundings His tent - darkness of waters, clouds of the heavens. Psalms 18:10-11.

And elsewhere,

He bowed the heavens when He came down, and thick darkness was under His feet. And He rode on a cherub, and new, and was borne on the wings of the wind. And He made tents of darkness around Him, clusters of water, clouds of the heavens. 2 Samuel 22:10-12.

This refers to Divine revelation, or the Word. 'Bowing the heavens when He came down' stands for hiding the interior truths of the Word. 'Thick darkness under His feet' stands for the fact that compared with interior truths, those visible to man are like darkness, the literal sense of the Word being of such a nature. 'Riding on a cherub' stands for the fact that it was provided in this way. 'Making tents of the darkness around Him' or 'making His surroundings His tent' stands for the holiness of truth concealed in its hiding-place, that is to say, inwardly - within the literal sense. 'Clusters of waters and clouds of the heavens' means the Word in the letter. Regarding 'clouds of the heavens' meaning the Word in the letter, see Preface to Chapter 18 of Genesis, and 4060.

[3] The same is meant by the following in Isaiah,

Jehovah will create over every habitation of mount Zion, and over her assemblies, a cloud by day, and smoke and the shining of a flaming fire by night; for over all the glory there will be a covering. And there will be a tent for shade by day, and for a refuge and hiding-place from deluge and rain. Isaiah 4:5-6.

Here again 'cloud' means the literal sense of the Word and 'the glory' the internal sense, as they do in Matthew 24:30; Mark 13:26; Luke 21:27. Again also 'a tent' stands for the holiness of truth. Interior truths are said to be in a hiding-place for the reason that if they had been revealed they would have been made profane, see 3398, 3399, 4289, a point that is also expressed in the following words in David,

In the hiding-place of Your face You conceal them from the treacherous plans of man; You hide them in a tent from the strife of tongues. Psalms 31:20.

[4] The fact that 'a tent' means the holiness of truth is also evident in Amos,

On that day I will raise up the tent of David that is fallen down, and I will close up the breaches, and I will raise up its destroyed places, and I will build it as in the days of old. Amos 9:11.

'Raising up the tent of David that is fallen down' stands for reestablishing the holiness of truth after it has perished. 'David' stands for the Lord as regards Divine Truth, 1888, since 'a king' means Divine Truth, 2015, 2069, 3009. Because 'tent' meant the holiness of truth and 'dwelling in tents' means worship that was the product of this, the feast of tents, called the feast of tabernacles, was established in the Jewish and Israelitish Church, Leviticus 23:34, 42-43; Deuteronomy 16:13, 16, where also that feast is called the feast of succoth, or of tents.

  
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Thanks to the Swedenborg Society for the permission to use this translation.

Ze Swedenborgových děl

 

Arcana Coelestia # 1925

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1925. 'The angel of Jehovah found her' means thought in the interior man, that is to say, thought residing with the Lord. This becomes clear from the representation and meaning of 'the angel of Jehovah'. Mention is made several times in the Word of 'the angel of Jehovah', and in every case when used in the good sense it represents and means some essential quality with the Lord and from the Lord. Which one it represents and means however becomes clear from the train of thought. They were indeed angels who were sent to men and women, and who also spoke through the prophets. Yet what they spoke did not originate in those angels but was something imparted through them. In fact their state at the time was such that they knew no other than that they were Jehovah, that is, the Lord. But as soon as they had finished speaking they returned to their previous state and spoke as they normally did from themselves.

[2] This was the case with the angels who uttered the Word of the Lord, as I have been given to know from much similar experience in the next life, experience that will be presented in the Lord's Divine mercy further on. This is the reason why angels were sometimes called Jehovah, as is quite clear from the angel that appeared in the bramble-bush to Moses, concerning whom the following is recorded,

The angel of Jehovah appeared to Moses in a flame of fire from the middle of the bramble-bush. Jehovah saw that he turned aside to see, and God called to him from the middle of the bramble-bush God said to Moses, I am who I am. And God said again to Moses, Thus shall you say to the children of Israel, Jehovah the God of your fathers has sent me to you. Exodus 3:2, 4, 14-15.

From these verses it is evident that it was an angel who appeared to Moses as a flame in the bramble-bush and that he spoke as Jehovah, because the Lord or Jehovah was speaking through him.

[3] So that man may be spoken to by means of articulated sounds heard in the natural world, the Lord employs angels as His ministers by filling them with the Divine and by rendering unconscious all that is their own, so that for the time being they know no other than that they themselves are Jehovah. In this way the Divine of Jehovah which belongs in highest things comes down into the lowest constituting the natural world in which man sees and hears. It was similar in the case of the angel who spoke to Gideon, of whom the following is said in the Book of Judges,

The angel of Jehovah appeared to Gideon and said to him, Jehovah is with you, O mighty man of strength. And Gideon said to him, Forgive me for asking, 1 O my Lord; why has all this befallen us? And Jehovah looked on him and said, Go in this might of yours. And Jehovah said to him, Surely I will be with you. Judges 6:12-14, 16.

And further on,

Gideon saw that he was the angel of Jehovah, and Gideon said, Alas, Lord Jehovih! Inasmuch as I have seen the angel of Jehovah face to face. 2 And Jehovah said to him, Peace be to you; do not fear. Judges 6:22-23.

Here similarly it was an angel, but his state was such at that time that he knew no other than that he was Jehovah, or the Lord. Elsewhere in the Book of Judges,

The angel of Jehovah went up from Gilgal to Bochim, and he said, I brought you up out of Egypt and led you into the land which I swore to give to your fathers. I said, I will not break my covenant with you, even for ever. Judges 2:1.

Here similarly the angel speaks in the name of Jehovah, declaring that he brought them out of the land of Egypt, though in fact it was not the angel who led them out but Jehovah, as is stated many times elsewhere.

[4] From this it may become clear how angels spoke through the prophets - that it was the Lord Himself who spoke, yet through angels, and that the angels spoke nothing at all from themselves. That the Word comes from the Lord is clear from many places, as also in Matthew,

To fulfill what the Lord had spoken through the prophet, saying, Behold, a virgin will be with child and give birth to a son. Matthew 1:22-23.

And there are other places besides this. It is because the Lord speaks through angels when He speaks to man that the Lord is also called an angel in various places in the Word. In these instances 'angel' means, as stated, some essential quality residing with the Lord and deriving from Him, as is the case here where it is the Lord's interior thought. This also is the reason why in this chapter the angel is named Jehovah and also God, as in verse 13, 'And Hagar called the name of Jehovah who was speaking to her, You are a God who sees me'.

[5] In other places 'angels' is used in a similar way to mean some specific attribute that is the Lord's, as in John,

The seven stars are the angels of the seven Churches. Revelation 1:20.

There are no angels of Churches, but by 'angels' is meant that which constitutes the Church, and thus which is the Lord's in regard to the Churches. In the same book,

I saw the wall of the Holy Jerusalem, great and high, having twelve gates, and above the gates twelve angels, and names written which are those of the twelve tribes of the sons of Israel. Revelation 21:12.

Here 'twelve angels' has the same meaning as 'the twelve tribes', namely all things of faith, and so the Lord from whom faith and all that belongs to it is derived. In the same book,

I saw an angel flying in mid-heaven, having an eternal gospel. Revelation 14:6.

Here 'an angel' means the gospel that is the Lord's alone.

[6] In Isaiah,

The angel of His presence 3 saved them; 4 in His love and in His pity He redeemed them, and lifted them up and carried them all the days of eternity. Isaiah 63:9.

Here 'the angel of His presence" is used to mean the Lord's mercy towards the entire human race in redeeming it. Similarly in Jacob's blessing of the sons of Joseph,

May the angel who has redeemed me from every evil bless the boys. Genesis 48:16.

Here also the redemption, which is the Lord's, is meant by 'the angel'. In Malachi,

Suddenly there will come to His temple the Lord whom you are seeking, and the angel of the covenant in whom you delight. Malachi 3:1.

Here it is plainly evident that the Lord is meant by 'the angel'. The expression 'the angel of the covenant' is used here because of His Coming into the world. In Exodus it is plainer still that 'an angel' means the Lord,

Behold, I send an angel before you to guard you on the way, and to bring you to the place which I have prepared. He will not tolerate your transgression, for My name is within him. Exodus 23:20-21.

From this it is now clear that 'an angel' in the Word is used to mean the Lord; but just what aspect of the Lord is evident from the train of thought in the internal sense.

Poznámky pod čarou:

1. literally, In me or On me

2. literally, faces to faces

3. literally, faces

4. The Latin means us but the Hebrew means them which Swedenborg has in other places where he quotes this verse.

  
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Thanks to the Swedenborg Society for the permission to use this translation.