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Exodo 18

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1 Si Jethro nga, saserdote sa Madian, biyanan ni Moises, ay nakabalita ng lahat na ginawa ng Dios kay Moises, at sa Israel na kaniyang bayan, kung paanong inilabas ng Panginoon ang Israel sa Egipto.

2 At ipinagsama ni Jethro, na biyanan ni Moises, si Sephora na asawa ni Moises, pagkatapos na kaniyang maipadala sa kanilang ama,

3 At ang dalawa niyang anak na lalake: na ang pangalan ng isa'y Gersom; sapagka't sinabi ni Moises, Ako'y nakipamayan sa ibang bayan.

4 At ang pangalan ng isa'y Elieser; sapagka't kaniyang sinabi, Ang Dios ng aking ama'y naging aking saklolo, at ako'y iniligtas sa tabak ni Faraon;

5 At si Jethro, na biyanan ni Moises, ay dumating, na kasama ang kaniyang mga anak at ang kaniyang asawa, kay Moises sa ilang na kaniyang hinantungan sa tabi ng bundok ng Dios:

6 At kaniyang ipinasabi kay Moises, Akong iyong biyanang si Jethro ay naparito sa iyo, at ang iyong asawa, at ang kaniyang dalawang anak na kasama niya.

7 At si Moises ay lumabas na sinalubong ang kaniyang biyanan, at kaniyang niyukuran at hinalikan. At sila'y nagtanungang isa't isa ng kanilang kalagayan; at sila'y pumasok sa tolda.

8 At isinaysay ni Moises sa kaniyang biyanan ang lahat ng ginawa ng Panginoon kay Faraon at sa mga Egipcio dahil sa Israel, ang buong hirap na kanilang naranasan sa daan, at kung paanong iniligtas ng Panginoon sila.

9 At ikinagalak ni Jethro ang buong kabutihang ginawa ng Panginoon sa Israel, na iniligtas sila sa kamay ng mga Egipcio.

10 At sinabi ni Jethro, Purihin ang Panginoon, na nagligtas sa inyo, sa kamay ng mga Egipcio, at sa kamay ni Faraon; na siyang nagligtas sa bayan sa kamay ng mga Egipcio.

11 Ngayo'y aking natatalastas na ang Panginoon ay lalong dakila kay sa lahat ng mga dios: oo, sa bagay na ipinagpalalo ng mga Egipcio laban sa mga Hebreo.

12 At si Jethro, na biyanan ni Moises, ay kumuha ng handog na susunugin at mga hain para sa Dios: at si Aaron ay naparoon, at ang lahat ng mga matanda sa Israel, upang kumain ng tinapay na kasalo ng biyanan ni Moises sa harap ng Dios.

13 At nangyari kinabukasan, na lumuklok si Moises upang hatulan ang bayan: at ang bayan ay tumayo sa palibot ni Moises mula sa umaga hanggang sa hapon.

14 At nang makita ng biyanan ni Moises ang lahat ng kaniyang ginagawa sa bayan, ay nagsabi, Anong bagay itong ginagawa mo sa bayan? bakit nauupo kang magisa, at ang buong bayan ay nakatayo sa palibot mo mula sa umaga hanggang sa hapon?

15 At sinabi ni Moises sa kaniyang biyanan, Sapagka't ang bayan ay lumalapit sa akin, upang sumangguni sa Dios.

16 Pagka sila'y may usap ay lumapit sa akin; at aking hinahatulang isa't isa, at aking ipinakikilala sa kanila ang mga palatuntunan ng Dios, at ang kaniyang mga kautusan.

17 At sinabi ng biyanan ni Moises sa kaniya, Ang bagay na iyong ginagawa ay hindi mabuti.

18 Tunay na ikaw ay manghihina, ikaw at ang bayang ito, na nasa iyo: sapagka't ang bagay ay totoong mabigat sa iyo; hindi mo makakayang magisa.

19 Dinggin mo ngayon ang aking tinig; papayuhan kita, at sumaiyo nawa ang Dios: ikaw ang maging tagapagakay sa bayan sa harap ng Dios, at dalhin mo ang mga usap sa Dios:

20 At ituturo mo sa kanila ang mga palatuntunan, at ang mga kautusan, at ipakikilala mo sa kanila ang daang nararapat lakaran, at ang gawang kanilang nararapat gawin.

21 Bukod dito'y hahanap ka sa buong bayan ng mga taong bihasa, gaya ng matatakutin sa Dios, na mga taong mapagpatotoo, na mga napopoot sa kasakiman; at siyang mga ilagay mo sa kanila, na magpuno sa mga lilibuhin, magpuno sa mga dadaanin, magpuno sa mga lilimangpuin, at magpuno sa mga sasangpuin:

22 At pahatulan mo sa kanila ang bayan sa buong panahon: at mangyayari, na bawa't malaking usap ay dadalhin nila sa iyo, datapuwa't bawa't munting usap, ay silasila ang maghahatulan: sa ganyan ay magiging magaan sa iyo, at magpapasan silang katulong mo.

23 Kung gagawin mo ang bagay na ito, at iuutos sa iyong ganyan ng Dios ay iyo ngang mababata, at ang buong bayan namang ito ay uuwing payapa.

24 Sa gayon, ay dininig ni Moises ang kaniyang biyanan, at ginawang lahat yaong sinabi.

25 At pumili si Moises ng mga lalaking bihasa sa buong Israel, at ginawa niyang pangulo sa bayan, na mga puno ng lilibuhin, mga puno ng dadaanin, mga puno ng lilimangpuin, at mga puno ng sasangpuin.

26 At kanilang hinatulan ang bayan sa buong panahon: ang mabibigat na usap ay kanilang dinadala kay Moises, datapuwa't bawa't munting usap ay silasila ang naghahatulan.

27 At tinulutan ni Moises ang kaniyang biyanan na magpaalam at siya'y umuwi sa sariling lupain.

   

Ze Swedenborgových děl

 

Arcana Coelestia # 2165

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2165. I will take a piece of bread. That this signifies something celestial adjoined, is evident from the signification of “bread,” as being what is celestial (explained before, n. 276, 680-681, 1798). That “bread” signifies what is celestial, is because “bread” means all food in general, and thus in the internal sense all celestial food. What celestial food is, has been stated in Part First (n. 56-58, 680-681, 1480, 1695). That “bread” means all food in general, is evident from the following passages of the Word. We read of Joseph that:

He said to him who was over his house, that he should bring the men-his brethren-home, and should slay what was to be slain, and should make ready; and afterwards, when they had made ready, and were to eat, he said, Set on bread (Genesis 43:16, 31);

meaning that they should make ready the table; “bread” thus denoting all kinds of food. We read concerning Jethro that,

Aaron came, and all the elders of Israel to eat bread with Moses’ father-in-law before God (Exodus 18:12),

where also “bread” denotes all kinds of food. Concerning Manoah, in the Book of Judges:

Manoah said unto the Angel of Jehovah, Let us I pray detain thee, and let us make ready before thee a kid of the goats. And the Angel of Jehovah said unto Manoah, Though thou detain me, I will not eat of thy bread (Judg. 13:15-16),

where “bread” denotes a kid of the goats. When Jonathan ate of the honeycomb, they told him that Saul had adjured the people, saying:

Cursed be the man that shall eat bread this day (1 Samuel 14:27-28),

where “bread” denotes all food. Again, concerning Saul:

When Saul sat down to eat bread, he said unto Jonathan, Wherefore cometh not the son of Jesse to bread either yesterday or today? (1 Samuel 20:24, 27),

meaning to the table, where were all kinds of food. We read concerning David that he said to Mephibosheth the son of Jonathan:

Thou shalt eat bread on my table continually (2 Samuel 9:7, 10).

So too concerning Evil-merodach, who said that,

Jehoiachin king of Judah should eat bread before him continually, all the days of his life (2 Kings 25:29).

Concerning Solomon also:

Solomon’s bread for each day was thirty cors of fine flour, and sixty cors of meal, ten fat oxen, and twenty oxen of the pastures, and a hundred sheep, besides the hart and the wild she-goat, and the antelope, and fatted fowl (1 Kings 4:22-23),

where “bread” plainly denotes all of these things.

[2] Now as “bread” means all kinds of food in general, it therefore signifies in the internal sense all those things which are called celestial foods, as may be still more evident from the burnt-offerings and sacrifices that were made of lambs, sheep, she-goats, kids, he-goats, heifers, and oxen, which were called in one word the “bread of the offering made by fire unto Jehovah,” as is clearly evident from the following passages in Moses, where the various sacrifices are treated of, of which it is said that,

The priest should burn them upon the altar, the bread of the offering made by fire unto Jehovah, for an odor of rest (Leviticus 3:11, 16),

all those sacrifices and burnt-offerings being so called. Again:

The sons of Aaron shall be holy unto their God, neither shall they profane the name of their God; because the offerings to Jehovah made by fire, the bread of their God, they do offer. Thou shalt sanctify him, because he offereth the bread of thy God. A man of the seed of Aaron in whom there shall be a blemish, shall not come nigh to offer the bread of his God (Leviticus 21:6, 8, 17, 21),

where also sacrifices and burnt-offerings are the “bread.” The same is true of Leviticus 22:25. Again:

Command the sons of Israel, and say unto them, My oblation, My bread for offerings made by fire, of an odor of rest, shall ye observe, to offer unto Me at their appointed time (Numbers 28:2).

Here also “bread” denotes all the sacrifices which are there enumerated.

In Malachi:

Offering polluted bread upon Mine altar (Malachi 1:7),

where also the sacrifices are spoken of. The hallowed things of the sacrifices, which they ate, were also called “bread,” as is evident from these words in Moses:

He that toucheth an unclean thing shall not eat of the hallowed things, but he shall wash his flesh in water, and when the sun is down, he shall be clean; and afterwards he shall eat of the hallowed things, because this is his bread (Leviticus 22:6-7).

[3] The burnt-offerings and sacrifices in the Jewish Church represented nothing else than the celestial things of the Lord’s kingdom in the heavens, and of the Lord’s kingdom on earth (that is, in the church), also of the Lord’s kingdom or church with each person, and in general all those things which are of love and charity, for these are things celestial; and each kind of sacrifice represented something special and peculiar. All these were at that time called BREAD, and therefore when sacrifices were abolished, and other things succeeded in their place for external worship, it was commanded that bread and wine should be made use of.

[4] From all this we may now see what the “bread” [in the Holy Supper] signifies, namely, all the things represented by the sacrifices, thus in the internal sense the Lord Himself. And because the “bread” signifies the Lord Himself, it signifies love itself toward the universal human race, and what belongs to love; as also man’s reciprocal love to the Lord and toward the neighbor. The “bread” thus signifies all celestial things, and in the same way the “wine” signifies all spiritual things, as the Lord also teaches in plain words in John. They said,

Our fathers did eat the manna in the wilderness; as it is written, He gave them bread from heaven to eat. Jesus said unto them, Verily, verily I say unto you, Moses gave you not that bread from heaven, but My Father giveth you the true bread from heaven; for the bread of God is He that cometh down from heaven, and giveth life unto the world. They said unto Him, Lord, evermore give us this bread. Jesus said unto them, I am the bread of life; he that cometh to Me shall never hunger, and he that believeth on Me shall never thirst (John 6:31-35).

Verily I say unto you, he that believeth on Me hath eternal life. I am the bread of life. Your fathers did eat the manna in the wilderness, and are dead; this is the bread that cometh down from heaven, that one may eat thereof and not die. I am the living bread that came down from heaven; if anyone eat of this bread, he shall live to eternity (John 6:47-51).

[5] Now because the “bread” is the Lord, it belongs to the celestial things which are of love, which are the Lord’s; for the Lord is the celestial itself, because He is love itself, that is, mercy itself; and because this is so, “bread” means all the celestial, that is, all the love and charity with man, for these are from the Lord; and therefore they who are not in love and charity have not the Lord with them, and thus are not gifted with the good and happy things that in the internal sense are signified by “bread.” This outward symbol was commanded because the greatest part of the human race are in external worship, and therefore without some outward symbol there would be scarcely anything holy with them. And therefore when they live in love to the Lord and in charity toward the neighbor, they nevertheless have appertaining to them what is internal, although they do not know that this love and charity is the veriest internal of worship. Thus in their external worship they are confirmed in the goods which are signified by the “bread.”

[6] In the Prophets also the celestial things of love are signified by “bread” (as in Isaiah 3:1, 7; 30:23; 33:15-16; 55:2; 58:7-8; Lam. 5:9; Ezekiel 4:16-17; 5:16; 14:13; Amos 4:6; 8:11; Psalms 105:16), in like manner by the “bread of faces” upon the table (mentioned Leviticus 24:5-9; Exodus 25:30; 40:23; Numbers 4:7; 1 Kings 7:48).

  
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Thanks to the Swedenborg Foundation for the permission to use this translation.