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Éxodo 34

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1 Y el SEÑOR dijo a Moisés: Alísate dos tablas de piedra como las primeras, y yo escribiré sobre esas tablas las palabras que estaban en las tablas primeras que quebraste.

2 Prepárate, pues, para mañana, y sube por la mañana al monte de Sinaí, y preséntate ante mí sobre la cumbre del monte.

3 Y no suba hombre contigo, ni aparezca alguno en todo el monte; ni ovejas ni bueyes pazcan delante del monte.

4 Y él alisó dos tablas de piedra como las primeras; y se levantó por la mañana, y subió al monte de Sinaí, como le mandó el SEÑOR, y llevó en su mano las dos tablas de piedra.

5 Y el SEÑOR descendió en una nube, y estuvo allí con él, proclamando el nombre de YO SOY.

6 Y pasando el SEÑOR por delante de él, proclamó: Yo soy el SEÑOR, YO SOY fuerte, misericordioso, y piadoso; tardo para la ira, y grande en misericordia y verdad;

7 que guardo la misericordia en millares, que suelto la iniquidad, la rebelión, y el pecado, y que de ningún modo absolveré al malvado ; que visito la iniquidad de los padres sobre los hijos y sobre los hijos de los hijos, hasta la tercera y cuarta generación.

8 Entonces Moisés, apresurándose, bajó la cabeza hacia el suelo y adoró.

9 Y dijo: Si ahora, Señor, he hallado gracia en tus ojos, vaya ahora el Señor en medio de nosotros; porque este es pueblo de dura cerviz; y perdona nuestra iniquidad y nuestro pecado, y poséenos.

10 Y él dijo: He aquí, yo hago pacto delante de todo tu pueblo: haré maravillas que no han sido hechas en toda la tierra, ni en nación alguna; y verá todo el pueblo en medio del cual estás tú, la obra del SEÑOR; porque ha de ser cosa terrible la que yo haré contigo.

11 Guarda lo que yo te mando hoy; he aquí que yo echo de delante de tu presencia al amorreo, y al cananeo, y al heteo, y al ferezeo, y al heveo, y al jebuseo.

12 Guárdate que no hagas alianza con los moradores de la tierra donde has de entrar, para que no sean por tropezadero en medio de ti;

13 mas derribaréis sus altares, y quebraréis sus imágenes, y talaréis sus bosques;

14 porque no te inclinarás a dios ajeno; que el SEÑOR, cuyo nombre es Celoso, Dios celoso es.

15 Por tanto no harás alianza con los moradores de aquella tierra; porque fornicarán en pos de sus dioses, y sacrificarán a sus dioses, y te llamarán, y comerás de sus sacrificios.

16 O tomando de sus hijas para tus hijos, y fornicando sus hijas en pos de sus dioses, harán también fornicar a tus hijos en pos de los dioses de ellas.

17 No harás dioses de fundición para ti.

18 La fiesta de los ázimos guardarás: siete días comerás pan sin levadura, según te he mandado, en el tiempo del mes de Abib; porque en el mes de Abib saliste de Egipto.

19 Todo lo que abre matriz, mío es; y de tu ganado todo primerizo de vaca o de oveja que fuere macho.

20 Pero redimirás con cordero el primerizo del asno; y si no lo redimieres, le has de cortar la cabeza. Redimirás todo primogénito de tus hijos, y no serán vistos vacíos delante de mí.

21 Seis días obrarás, mas en el séptimo día cesarás; cesarás aun en la arada y en la siega.

22 Y te harás la fiesta de las semanas a los principios de la siega del trigo; y la fiesta de la cosecha a la vuelta del año.

23 Tres veces en el año será visto todo varón tuyo delante del Señoreador DIOS, El DIOS de Israel.

24 Porque yo arrojaré los gentiles de tu presencia, y ensancharé tu término; y ninguno codiciará tu tierra, cuando tú subieres para ser visto delante del SEÑOR tu Dios tres veces en el año.

25 No ofrecerás sobre leudo la sangre de mi sacrificio; ni quedará de la noche para la mañana el sacrificio de la fiesta de la pascua.

26 El principio de los primeros frutos de tu tierra meterás en la Casa del SEÑOR tu Dios. No cocerás el cabrito en la leche de su madre.

27 Y el SEÑOR dijo a Moisés: Escribe tú estas palabras; porque conforme a estas palabras he hecho el pacto contigo y con Israel.

28 Y él estuvo allí con el SEÑOR cuarenta días y cuarenta noches; no comió pan, ni bebió agua; y escribió en tablas las palabras del pacto, los diez mandamientos.

29 Y aconteció, que descendiendo Moisés del monte Sinaí con las dos tablas del testimonio en su mano, mientras descendía del monte, no sabía él que la tez de su rostro resplandecía, después que hubo hablado con El.

30 Y miró Aarón y todos los hijos de Israel a Moisés, y he aquí la tez de su rostro era resplandeciente; y tuvieron miedo de llegarse a él.

31 Y los llamó Moisés; y Aarón y todos los príncipes de la congregación volvieron a él, y Moisés les habló.

32 Y después se llegaron todos los hijos de Israel, a los cuales mandó todas las cosas que el SEÑOR le había dicho en el monte de Sinaí.

33 Y cuando hubo acabado Moisés de hablar con ellos, puso un velo sobre su rostro.

34 Y cuando venía Moisés delante del SEÑOR para hablar con él, se quitaba el velo hasta que salía; y saliendo, hablaba con los hijos de Israel lo que le era mandado;

35 y veían los hijos de Israel el rostro de Moisés, que la tez de su rostro era resplandeciente; y volvía Moisés a poner el velo sobre su rostro, hasta que entraba a hablar con El.

   

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Arcana Coelestia # 2467

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2467. Verses 37-38 And the firstborn gave birth to a son and called his name Moab; he is the father of Moab even to this day. And the younger also gave birth to a son and called his name Ben-ammi; he is the father of the children of Ammon even to this day.

'The firstborn gave birth to a son' means the religion of that Church as regards good. 'And called his name Moab' means the nature of it. 'He is the father of Moab even to this day' means that these are the origins of such people. 'And the younger also gave birth to a son' means the falsified truth of that Church. 'And called his name Ben-ammi' means the nature of it. 'He is the father of the children of Ammon even to this day' means that these are the origins of such people.

  
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Thanks to the Swedenborg Society for the permission to use this translation.

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Arcana Coelestia # 1071

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1071. That 'he drank wine' means that he wished to probe into matters of faith is clear from the meaning of 'wine'. 'A vineyard' or 'a vine', as has been shown, is the spiritual Church, or member of the spiritual Church. The grape, clusters, and bunches are its fruit, and these mean charity and what belongs to charity. Wine however means faith deriving from charity, and all things that belong to faith. Thus 'grape means the celestial aspect of that Church, and 'wine' the spiritual. The celestial, as often stated already, comprises the will, while the spiritual comprises the understanding. That 'he drank of the wine' means that he wished to probe into matters of faith, and to do so indeed by means of reasonings, is clear from the reason given why 'he was drunk', that is, sank into errors. Indeed the member of this Church did not possess any perception at all as the member of the Most Ancient Church had done. Instead he had to acquire knowledge of what good and truth were by learning about them from doctrinal matters concerning faith which had been gathered together and preserved from the perception that had existed in the Most Ancient Church. And these matters of doctrine constituted the Word of the Ancient Church. As with the Word, doctrinal matters concerning faith were in many instances such that, without perception, they could not be believed; for spiritual and celestial things infinitely transcend human comprehension, and this is why reasoning enters in. But the person who refuses to believe those things until he comprehends them is never able to believe, as often shown already. See what appears in 128, 130, 195, 196, 215, 232, 233.

[2] That 'grapes in the Word means charity and what belongs to charity, and that 'wine' means both faith deriving from charity and also matters of faith, becomes clear from the following places: In Isaiah,

My beloved had a vineyard on a very fertile hill. 1 He looked for it to yield grapes, and it yielded wild grapes. Isaiah 5:1-2, 4.

Here 'grapes' stands for charity and the fruits of charity. In Jeremiah,

I will surely gather them, says Jehovah; there will be no grapes on the vine nor figs on the fig tree. Jer, 8:13.

'Vine' stands for the spiritual Church, 'grapes' for charity. In Hosea,

Like grapes in the wilderness I found Israel, like the first fruit on the fig tree, in the beginning, I saw your fathers. Hosea 9:10.

'Israel' stands for the Ancient Church, 'grape' for the fact that they were endowed with charity. These words are used in the contrary sense when 'Israel' stands for the sons of Jacob. In Micah,

There was no cluster to eat; my soul desired the first fruit. The holy man has perished from the earth, and there is none upright among men. Micah 7:1-2.

'Cluster' stands for charity or that which is holy, 'first fruit' for faith or that which is upright.

[3] In Isaiah,

Thus said Jehovah, As the new wine is found in the cluster, and one says, Do not destroy it, for there is a blessing in it. Isaiah 65:8.

'Cluster' stands for charity, 'new wine' for goods that stem from charity, and truths deriving from these. In Moses,

He washes his clothing in wine, and His garment in the blood of grapes. Genesis 49:11.

This is a prophecy concerning the Lord. 'Wine' stands for that which is spiritual deriving from what is celestial, 'blood of grapes' for the celestial in respect to spiritual Churches. So 'grapes' stands for charity itself, 'wine' for faith itself. In John,

The angel said, Put in your sharp sickle and gather the clusters of the earth, for its grapes have ripened. Revelation 14:18.

This refers to the last times when there is no faith, that is, when there is no charity. For no faith exists other than that which inheres in charity, and in essence is charity itself. Consequently when it is said that there is no longer any faith, as in the last times, it means that there is no charity.

[4] As 'grapes' means charity, so 'wine' means faith deriving from charity, for wine is obtained from grapes. In addition to these and previous quotations concerning the vineyard and the vine, the following also make the point clear: In Isaiah,

Gladness and exaltation have been taken away from Carmel, and in the vineyards there is no singing, no joyful noise. No treader treads out wine in the presses; I have made the hedad 2 to cease. Isaiah 16:10.

This stands for the fact that the spiritual Church, meant by 'Carmel', has been vastated, 'none treading wine in the presses' for the fact that no longer are there any people who possess faith. In the same prophet,

The inhabitants of the earth will be scorched and few men left. The new wine will mourn, the vine will languish; they will not drink wine with singing, strong drink will be bitter to those drinking it; there will be an outcry in the streets over wine. Isaiah 24:6-7, 9, 11.

The vastated spiritual Church being the subject, 'wine' stands for truths of faith that are considered valueless. In Jeremiah,

They will say to their mothers, Where is corn and wine? when they faint like one who has been run through in the streets of the city. Lamentations 2:12.

'Where is corn and wine?' means, Where is love and faith? 'Streets of the city' means truths here, as elsewhere in the Word. 'Those who have been run through in them' means that they do not know what the truths of faith are.

[5] In Amos,

I will bring again the captivity of My people Israel, and they will build the ruined cities and inhabit them. And they will plant vineyards and drink their wine. Amos 9:14.

This refers to the spiritual Church, meant by Israel, to which 'planting vineyards and drinking wine' is attributed when it becomes a Church such as derives faith from charity. In Zephaniah,

They will build houses but not inhabit them, and they will plant vineyards but not drink their wine. Zephaniah 1:13; Amos 5:11.

Here 'vineyard' and 'wine' stand for the contrary situation when the spiritual Church has been vastated. In Zechariah,

They will be like a mighty man of Ephraim, and their heart will rejoice as from wine, and their sons will see it and rejoice. Zechariah 10:7.

This refers to the house of Judah, that it would be such by virtue of the goods and truths of faith. In John the command not to do harm to oil and wine, Revelation 6:6, stands for doing no harm to what is celestial and spiritual, that is, to things of love and faith.

[6] In the Jewish Church, since 'wine' meant faith in the Lord, the libation of wine in the sacrifices also represented faith, as in Numbers 15:1-15; 28:11-15, 18-end; Numbers 29:7-end; Leviticus 23:12-13; Exodus 29:40. Hence the following is said in Hosea,

Threshing-floor and winepress will not feed them, and new wine will be deceptive in her. They will not dwell in Jehovah's land, but Ephraim will return to Egypt, and in Assyria they will eat what is unclean: They will not pour libations of wine to Jehovah, they will not be pleasing to Him. Hosea 9:1-4.

This refers to Israel, or the spiritual Church, and to those people in it who pervert and defile holy things and the truths of faith by wishing to probe into them by means of knowledge and reasonings. 'Egypt' is knowledge, 'Assyria' reasoning, and 'Ephraim' one who engages in reasoning.

Poznámky pod čarou:

1. literally, on a horn of a son of oil

2. A Hebrew word which is a shout of exaltation.

  
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Thanks to the Swedenborg Society for the permission to use this translation.