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1 Samuel 20

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1 Y David huyó de Naiot que es en Ramá, y vino delante de Jonatán, y dijo: ¿Qué he hecho yo ? ¿Cuál es mi maldad, o cuál mi pecado contra tu padre, que él busca mi vida?

2 Y él le dijo: En ninguna manera; no morirás. He aquí que mi padre ninguna cosa hará, grande ni pequeña, que no me la descubra; ¿por qué, pues, me encubrirá mi padre este negocio? No será así.

3 Y David volvió a jurar, diciendo: Tu padre sabe claramente que yo he hallado gracia delante de tus ojos, y dirá en sí : No sepa esto Jonatán, para que no tenga pesar; y ciertamente, vive el SEÑOR y vive tu alma, que apenas hay un paso entre mí y la muerte.

4 Y Jonatán dijo a David: ¿Qué dice tu alma, y lo haré por ti?

5 Y David respondió a Jonatán: He aquí que mañana será nueva luna, y yo acostumbro sentarme con el rey a comer; mas tú dejarás que me esconda en el campo hasta la tarde del tercer día.

6 Si tu padre hiciere mención de mí, dirás: Me rogó mucho que lo dejase ir presto a Belén su ciudad, porque todos los de su linaje tienen allá sacrificio aniversario.

7 Si él dijere: Bien está, paz tendrá tu siervo; mas si se enojare, sabe que la malicia es en él consumada.

8 Harás, pues, misericordia con tu siervo, ya que has traído tu siervo a alianza del SEÑOR contigo; y si maldad hay en mí mátame tú, que no hay necesidad de llevarme hasta tu padre.

9 Y Jonatán le dijo: Nunca tal te suceda; antes bien , si yo entendiera ser consumada la malicia de mi padre, para venir sobre ti, ¿no había yo de descubrírtelo?

10 Dijo entonces David a Jonatán: ¿Quién me dará aviso? O, ¿qué si tu padre te respondiere ásperamente?

11 Y Jonatán dijo a David: Ven, salgamos al campo. Y salieron ambos al campo.

12 Entonces dijo Jonatán a David: Oh SEÑOR Dios de Israel, cuando habré yo preguntado a mi padre mañana a esta hora, o después de mañana, y si él me hablare bien de David, si entonces no enviare a ti, y te lo descubriere,

13 el SEÑOR haga así a Jonatán, y esto añada. Mas si a mi padre pareciere bien hacerte mal, también te lo descubriré, y te enviaré, y te irás en paz; y sea el SEÑOR contigo, como fue con mi padre.

14 Y si yo viviere, harás conmigo misericordia del SEÑOR; mas si fuere muerto,

15 no quitarás perpetuamente tu misericordia de mi casa. Cuando desarraigare el SEÑOR uno por uno los enemigos de David de la tierra, aun a Jonatán quite de su casa, si te faltare ; y requiera el SEÑOR de la mano de los enemigos de David.

16 Así hizo Jonatán alianza con la casa de David.

17 Y volvió Jonatán a jurar a David, porque le amaba, porque le amaba como a su propia alma.

18 Le dijo luego Jonatán: Mañana es nueva luna, y tú serás echado de menos, porque tu asiento estará vacío.

19 Estarás, pues, tres días, y luego descenderás, y vendrás al lugar donde estabas escondido el día de trabajo, y esperarás junto a la piedra de Ezel;

20 y yo tiraré tres saetas hacia aquel lado, como ejercitándome al blanco.

21 Y luego enviaré el criado, diciéndole : Ve, busca las saetas. Y si dijere al criado: He allí las saetas más acá de ti, tómalas; tú vendrás, porque paz tienes, y nada hay de mal , vive el SEÑOR.

22 Mas si yo dijere al criado así: He allí las saetas más allá de ti; vete, porque el SEÑOR te ha enviado.

23 Y cuanto a las palabras que yo y tú hemos hablado, sea el SEÑOR entre mí y ti para siempre.

24 David, pues, se escondió en el campo, y venida que fue la nueva luna, se sentó el rey a comer pan.

25 Y el rey se sentó en su silla, como solía, en el asiento junto a la pared, y Jonatán se levantó, y se sentó Abner al lado de Saúl, y el lugar de David estaba vacío.

26 Mas aquel día Saúl no dijo nada, porque se decía: Le habrá acontecido algo, por ventura no está limpio; no estará purificado.

27 El día siguiente, el segundo día de la nueva luna, aconteció también que el asiento de David estaba vacío. Y Saúl dijo a Jonatán su hijo: ¿Por qué no ha venido a comer el hijo de Isaí hoy ni ayer?

28 Y Jonatán respondió a Saúl: David me pidió encarecidamente le dejase ir hasta Belén.

29 Y dijo: Te ruego que me dejes ir, porque tenemos sacrificio los de nuestro linaje en la ciudad, y mi hermano mismo me lo ha mandado; por tanto, si he hallado gracia en tus ojos, haré una escapada ahora, y visitaré a mis hermanos. Por esto, pues , no ha venido a la mesa del rey.

30 Entonces Saúl se enardeció contra Jonatán, y le dijo: Hijo de la perversa y rebelde, ¿no sé yo que tú has elegido al Hijo de Isaí para confusión tuya, y para confusión de la vergüenza de tu madre?

31 Porque todo el tiempo que el hijo de Isaí viviere sobre la tierra, ni tú serás firme, ni tu reino. Envía pues ahora, y tráemelo, porque ha de morir.

32 Y Jonatán respondió a su padre Saúl, y le dijo: ¿Por qué morirá? ¿Qué ha hecho?

33 Entonces Saúl le arrojó una lanza para herirlo; de donde entendió Jonatán que su padre estaba determinado a matar a David.

34 Y se levantó Jonatán de la mesa con exaltada ira, y no comió pan el segundo día de la nueva luna; porque tenía dolor a causa de David; y porque su padre le había afrentado.

35 Al otro día de mañana, salió Jonatán al campo, al tiempo aplazado con David, y un criado pequeño con él.

36 Y dijo a su criado: Corre y busca las saetas que yo tirare. Y cuando el criado iba corriendo, él tiraba la saeta que pasara más allá de él.

37 Y llegando el criado adonde estaba la saeta que Jonatán había tirado, Jonatán dio voces tras el muchacho, diciendo: ¿No está la saeta más allá de ti?

38 Y volvió a gritar Jonatán tras el muchacho: Date prisa, aligera, no te pares. Y el criado de Jonatán cogió las saetas, y se vino a su señor.

39 Pero ninguna cosa entendió el criado; solamente Jonatán y David entendían el asunto.

40 Luego dio Jonatán sus armas a su criado, y le dijo: Vete y llévalas a la ciudad.

41 Y luego que el muchacho se hubo ido, se levantó David de la parte del mediodía, y se inclinó tres veces postrándose hasta la tierra; y besándose el uno al otro, lloraron el uno con el otro, aunque David lloró más.

42 Y Jonatán dijo a David: Vete en paz, que ambos hemos jurado por el nombre del SEÑOR, diciendo: El SEÑOR sea entre mí y ti, entre tu simiente y la mía, para siempre. Y él se levantó y se fue; y Jonatán se entró en la ciudad.

   

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Arcana Coelestia # 4495

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4495. 'It happened on the third day' means that which is continuous even to the end. This is clear from the meaning of 'the third day' as that which is complete from beginning to end, dealt with in 2788, and so also as that which is continuous. People who suppose that the historical events described in the Word are no more than the facts of earthly history and are holy only because they appear in a sacred book are scarcely able to believe that 'the third day' has that meaning. But, as shown in preceding explanations, it is not only the actual historical narratives that include spiritual and celestial things which are not plainly visible in the letter, but also every word and every number too. The truth of this will in the Lord's Divine mercy be seen far more clearly in the prophetical sections which in the sense of the letter do not hold the mind to the sequence of events in the way that the historical sections do. But anyone who looks carefully into the interior contents of the Word comes to see that the number three, like the number seven, and also the number twelve, holds some arcanum. And if these numbers hold such it follows that every other number in the Word holds the same, for the Word is holy in every part.

[2] Sometimes, when I have been talking to angels, I have seen in front of me what looked like numbers written, as if on a sheet of paper, in broad daylight, and I have realized that the spiritual entities about which the angels spoke pass into numbers like these. From this experience I have also been given to know that each number in the Word contains some arcanum. This may be seen plainly from the following in John,

He measured the wall of the holy Jerusalem, a hundred and forty-four cubits, which is the measure of a man, that is, of an angel. Revelation 21:17.

And elsewhere,

Let him who has intelligence reckon the number of the beast, for it is the number of a man, that is, its number is six hundred and sixty-six. Revelation 13:18.

It is evident that the first of these numbers, namely a hundred and forty-four, is the product of twelve times twelve, and that the number six hundred and sixty-six is a product of that involving three or six; but what degree of holiness is implied by them may be seen from the holiness associated with the number twelve, concerning which number see 577, 2089, 2129 (end), 2130 (end), 3272, 3858, 3913; and concerning the holiness associated with the number three, 720, 901, 1825, 2788, 4010.

[3] Because the number three meant that which is complete even to the end, and so an entire period, whether long or short, it was therefore adopted in the representative Church and used whenever such a meaning needed to be conveyed. It is also used in the same way in the Word, in which every detail carries a spiritual meaning, as may be seen from the following places:

They were to go a three days' journey and to offer sacrifice. Exodus 3:18; 5:3.

They were to be ready on the third day, for on the third day Jehovah would come down onto Mount Sinai. Exodus 19:11, 15-16, 18.

Nothing from the flesh of a sacrifice was to be left until the third day. Leviticus 7:16-18; 19:6-7.

The water of separation was to be sprinkled over the unclean person on the third day and on the seventh day. Numbers 19:11-end.

Those who touched one killed in war were to be cleansed on the third day and on the seventh day. Numbers 31:19-25.

[4] Joshua commanded the people that within three days they would be crossing the Jordan. Joshua 1:11; 3:2.

Jehovah called Samuel three times, and three times Samuel ran to Eli and the third time Eli understood that Jehovah was calling Samuel. 1 Samuel 3:1-8.

Jonathan told David to hide in the field until the third evening. And Jonathan sent to him on the third day from then, and revealed his father's intention. Jonathan at that point fired three arrows to the side of the stone. And after that David bowed down to the ground three times before Jonathan. 1 Samuel 20:5, 12, 19-20, 35-36, 41.

Three things were set before David, of which he was to choose one - either the coming of famine for seven years, or his fleeing before his enemies for three months, or the existence of pestilence in the land for three days. 2 Samuel 24:11-13.

[5] Rehoboam told the assembly of Israel which asked for relief from his father's yoke that they should go away for three days and then return And they came to Rehoboam on the third day, as the king said, Return to me on the third day. 1 Kings 12:5, 12.

Elijah stretched himself over the widow's son three times. 1 Kings 17:21.

Elijah told them to pour water over the burnt offering and the wood a third time and they did so a third time. 1 Kings 18:34.

Jonah was in the stomach of the monster for three days and three nights Jonah 1:17; Matthew 12:40.

The Lord talked of someone who planted a vineyard and sent servants three times, and after that his son. Mark 12:2, 4-6, Luke 20:12-13.

Of Peter, He said that he was to deny Him three times. Matthew 26:34, John 13:38.

He said to Peter three times, Do you love Me? John 21:15-17.

[6] From these and many other places in the Word it becomes clear that the number three holds an arcanum within it, and that for this reason this number was adopted within the ancient Churches as a meaningful sign. It is evident that it means the entire period of a Church and of things within a Church, whether long or short, and therefore that which is complete and also that which is continuous even to the end, as is plain in Hosea,

Jehovah will revive us after two days, on the third day He will raise us up, and we shall live before Him. Hosea 6:2.

  
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Thanks to the Swedenborg Society for the permission to use this translation.

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Arcana Coelestia # 1925

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1925. 'The angel of Jehovah found her' means thought in the interior man, that is to say, thought residing with the Lord. This becomes clear from the representation and meaning of 'the angel of Jehovah'. Mention is made several times in the Word of 'the angel of Jehovah', and in every case when used in the good sense it represents and means some essential quality with the Lord and from the Lord. Which one it represents and means however becomes clear from the train of thought. They were indeed angels who were sent to men and women, and who also spoke through the prophets. Yet what they spoke did not originate in those angels but was something imparted through them. In fact their state at the time was such that they knew no other than that they were Jehovah, that is, the Lord. But as soon as they had finished speaking they returned to their previous state and spoke as they normally did from themselves.

[2] This was the case with the angels who uttered the Word of the Lord, as I have been given to know from much similar experience in the next life, experience that will be presented in the Lord's Divine mercy further on. This is the reason why angels were sometimes called Jehovah, as is quite clear from the angel that appeared in the bramble-bush to Moses, concerning whom the following is recorded,

The angel of Jehovah appeared to Moses in a flame of fire from the middle of the bramble-bush. Jehovah saw that he turned aside to see, and God called to him from the middle of the bramble-bush God said to Moses, I am who I am. And God said again to Moses, Thus shall you say to the children of Israel, Jehovah the God of your fathers has sent me to you. Exodus 3:2, 4, 14-15.

From these verses it is evident that it was an angel who appeared to Moses as a flame in the bramble-bush and that he spoke as Jehovah, because the Lord or Jehovah was speaking through him.

[3] So that man may be spoken to by means of articulated sounds heard in the natural world, the Lord employs angels as His ministers by filling them with the Divine and by rendering unconscious all that is their own, so that for the time being they know no other than that they themselves are Jehovah. In this way the Divine of Jehovah which belongs in highest things comes down into the lowest constituting the natural world in which man sees and hears. It was similar in the case of the angel who spoke to Gideon, of whom the following is said in the Book of Judges,

The angel of Jehovah appeared to Gideon and said to him, Jehovah is with you, O mighty man of strength. And Gideon said to him, Forgive me for asking, 1 O my Lord; why has all this befallen us? And Jehovah looked on him and said, Go in this might of yours. And Jehovah said to him, Surely I will be with you. Judges 6:12-14, 16.

And further on,

Gideon saw that he was the angel of Jehovah, and Gideon said, Alas, Lord Jehovih! Inasmuch as I have seen the angel of Jehovah face to face. 2 And Jehovah said to him, Peace be to you; do not fear. Judges 6:22-23.

Here similarly it was an angel, but his state was such at that time that he knew no other than that he was Jehovah, or the Lord. Elsewhere in the Book of Judges,

The angel of Jehovah went up from Gilgal to Bochim, and he said, I brought you up out of Egypt and led you into the land which I swore to give to your fathers. I said, I will not break my covenant with you, even for ever. Judges 2:1.

Here similarly the angel speaks in the name of Jehovah, declaring that he brought them out of the land of Egypt, though in fact it was not the angel who led them out but Jehovah, as is stated many times elsewhere.

[4] From this it may become clear how angels spoke through the prophets - that it was the Lord Himself who spoke, yet through angels, and that the angels spoke nothing at all from themselves. That the Word comes from the Lord is clear from many places, as also in Matthew,

To fulfill what the Lord had spoken through the prophet, saying, Behold, a virgin will be with child and give birth to a son. Matthew 1:22-23.

And there are other places besides this. It is because the Lord speaks through angels when He speaks to man that the Lord is also called an angel in various places in the Word. In these instances 'angel' means, as stated, some essential quality residing with the Lord and deriving from Him, as is the case here where it is the Lord's interior thought. This also is the reason why in this chapter the angel is named Jehovah and also God, as in verse 13, 'And Hagar called the name of Jehovah who was speaking to her, You are a God who sees me'.

[5] In other places 'angels' is used in a similar way to mean some specific attribute that is the Lord's, as in John,

The seven stars are the angels of the seven Churches. Revelation 1:20.

There are no angels of Churches, but by 'angels' is meant that which constitutes the Church, and thus which is the Lord's in regard to the Churches. In the same book,

I saw the wall of the Holy Jerusalem, great and high, having twelve gates, and above the gates twelve angels, and names written which are those of the twelve tribes of the sons of Israel. Revelation 21:12.

Here 'twelve angels' has the same meaning as 'the twelve tribes', namely all things of faith, and so the Lord from whom faith and all that belongs to it is derived. In the same book,

I saw an angel flying in mid-heaven, having an eternal gospel. Revelation 14:6.

Here 'an angel' means the gospel that is the Lord's alone.

[6] In Isaiah,

The angel of His presence 3 saved them; 4 in His love and in His pity He redeemed them, and lifted them up and carried them all the days of eternity. Isaiah 63:9.

Here 'the angel of His presence" is used to mean the Lord's mercy towards the entire human race in redeeming it. Similarly in Jacob's blessing of the sons of Joseph,

May the angel who has redeemed me from every evil bless the boys. Genesis 48:16.

Here also the redemption, which is the Lord's, is meant by 'the angel'. In Malachi,

Suddenly there will come to His temple the Lord whom you are seeking, and the angel of the covenant in whom you delight. Malachi 3:1.

Here it is plainly evident that the Lord is meant by 'the angel'. The expression 'the angel of the covenant' is used here because of His Coming into the world. In Exodus it is plainer still that 'an angel' means the Lord,

Behold, I send an angel before you to guard you on the way, and to bring you to the place which I have prepared. He will not tolerate your transgression, for My name is within him. Exodus 23:20-21.

From this it is now clear that 'an angel' in the Word is used to mean the Lord; but just what aspect of the Lord is evident from the train of thought in the internal sense.

Poznámky pod čarou:

1. literally, In me or On me

2. literally, faces to faces

3. literally, faces

4. The Latin means us but the Hebrew means them which Swedenborg has in other places where he quotes this verse.

  
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Thanks to the Swedenborg Society for the permission to use this translation.