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Éxodo 32

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1 MAS viendo el pueblo que Moisés tardaba en descender del monte, allegóse entonces á Aarón, y dijéronle: Levántate, haznos dioses que vayan delante de nosotros; porque á este Moisés, aquel varón que nos sacó de la tierra de Egipto, no sabemos qué le haya a

2 Y Aarón les dijo: Apartad los zarcillos de oro que están en las orejas de vuestras mujeres, y de vuestros hijos, y de vuestras hijas, y traédmelos.

3 Entonces todo el pueblo apartó los zarcillos de oro que tenían en sus orejas, y trajéronlos á Aarón:

4 El cual los tomó de las manos de ellos, y formólo con buril, é hizo de ello un becerro de fundición. Entonces dijeron: Israel, estos son tus dioses, que te sacaron de la tierra de Egipto.

5 Y viendo esto Aarón, edificó un altar delante del becerro; y pregonó Aarón, y dijo: Mañana será fiesta á Jehová.

6 Y el día siguiente madrugaron, y ofrecieron holocaustos, y presentaron pacíficos: y sentóse el pueblo á comer y á beber, y levantáronse á regocijarse.

7 Entonces Jehová dijo á Moisés: Anda, desciende, porque tu pueblo que sacaste de tierra de Egipto se ha corrompido:

8 Presto se han apartado del camino que yo les mandé, y se han hecho un becerro de fundición, y lo han adorado, y han sacrificado á él, y han dicho: Israel, estos son tus dioses, que te sacaron de la tierra de Egipto.

9 Dijo más Jehová á Moisés: Yo he visto á este pueblo, que por cierto es pueblo de dura cerviz:

10 Ahora pues, déjame que se encienda mi furor en ellos, y los consuma: y á ti yo te pondré sobre gran gente.

11 Entonces Moisés oró á la faz de Jehová su Dios, y dijo: Oh Jehová, ¿por qué se encenderá tu furor en tu pueblo, que tú sacaste de la tierra de Egipto con gran fortaleza, y con mano fuerte?

12 ¿Por qué han de hablar los Egipcios, diciendo: Para mal los sacó, para matarlos en los montes, y para raerlos de sobre la haz de la tierra? Vuélvete del furor de tu ira, y arrepiéntete del mal de tu pueblo.

13 Acuérdate de Abraham, de Isaac, y de Israel tus siervos, á los cuales has jurado por ti mismo, y dícholes: Yo multiplicaré vuestra simiente como las estrellas del cielo; y daré á vuestra simiente toda esta tierra que he dicho, y la tomarán por heredad par

14 Entonces Jehová se arrepintió del mal que dijo que había de hacer á su pueblo.

15 Y volvióse Moisés, y descendió del monte trayendo en su mano las dos tablas del testimonio, las tablas escritas por ambos lados; de una parte y de otra estaban escritas.

16 Y las tablas eran obra de Dios, y la escritura era escritura de Dios grabada sobre las tablas.

17 Y oyendo Josué el clamor del pueblo que gritaba, dijo á Moisés: Alarido de pelea hay en el campo.

18 Y él respondió: No es eco de algazara de fuertes, ni eco de alaridos de flacos: algazara de cantar oigo yo.

19 Y aconteció, que como llegó él al campo, y vió el becerro y las danzas, enardeciósele la ira á Moisés, y arrojó las tablas de sus manos, y quebrólas al pie del monte.

20 Y tomó el becerro que habían hecho, y quemólo en el fuego, y moliólo hasta reducirlo á polvo, que esparció sobre las aguas, y diólo á beber á los hijos de Israel.

21 Y dijo Moisés á Aarón: ¿Qué te ha hecho este pueblo, que has traído sobre él tan gran pecado?

22 Y respondió Aarón: No se enoje mi señor; tú conoces el pueblo, que es inclinado á mal.

23 Porque me dijeron: Haznos dioses que vayan delante de nosotros, que á este Moisés, el varón que nos sacó de tierra de Egipto, no sabemos qué le ha acontecido.

24 Y yo les respondí: ¿Quién tiene oro? Apartadlo. Y diéronmelo, y echélo en el fuego, y salió este becerro.

25 Y viendo Moisés que el pueblo estaba despojado, porque Aarón lo había despojado para vergüenza entre sus enemigos,

26 Púsose Moisés á la puerta del real, y dijo: ¿Quién es de Jehová? júntese conmigo. Y juntáronse con él todos los hijos de Leví.

27 Y él les dijo: Así ha dicho Jehová, el Dios de Israel: Poned cada uno su espada sobre su muslo: pasad y volved de puerta á puerta por el campo, y matad cada uno á su hermano, y á su amigo, y á su pariente.

28 Y los hijos de Leví lo hicieron conforme al dicho de Moisés: y cayeron del pueblo en aquel día como tres mil hombres.

29 Entonces Moisés dijo: Hoy os habéis consagrado á Jehová, porque cada uno se ha consagrado en su hijo, y en su hermano, para que dé él Hoy bendición sobre vosotros.

30 Y aconteció que el día siguiente dijo Moisés al pueblo: Vosotros habéis cometido un gran pecado: mas yo subiré ahora á Jehová; quizá le aplacaré acerca de vuestro pecado.

31 Entonces volvió Moisés á Jehová, y dijo: Ruégote, pues este pueblo ha cometido un gran pecado, porque se hicieron dioses de oro,

32 Que perdones ahora su pecado, y si no, ráeme ahora de tu libro que has escrito.

33 Y Jehová respondió á Moisés: Al que pecare contra mí, á éste raeré yo de mi libro.

34 Ve pues ahora, lleva á este pueblo donde te he dicho: he aquí mi ángel irá delante de ti; que en el día de mi visitación yo visitaré en ellos su pecado.

35 Y Jehová hirió al pueblo, porque habían hecho el becerro que formó Aarón.

   

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Apocalypse Explained # 272

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272. And they had on their heads golden crowns, signifies all truths arranged into order by Divine good, thus also all the former heavens. This is evident from the signification of "four and twenty elders sitting upon four and twenty thrones, arrayed in white garments," as being all truths of the heavens, thus all the heavens both higher and lower (of which just above, n. 270, 271); also from the signification of a "golden crown," as being Divine good, from which are truths (of which in what follows). All the truths of heaven and of the church are from Divine good; truths that are not therefrom are not truths. Truths that are not from good are like shells without a kernel, and like a house in which no man dwells, but a wild beast; such are the truths that are called truths of faith apart from the good of charity; the good of charity is good from the Lord, thus Divine good. Now as "the elders upon thrones" signify the truths of the heavens, and "golden crowns" the good from which these are, therefore the elders were seen with crowns. The "crowns of kings" have a like signification; for "kings" in a representative sense signify truths, and "crowns" upon their heads signify the good from which the truths are (that "kings" signify truths may be seen above, n. 31. For this reason the crowns are of gold, for "gold" in like manner signifies good (See above. n. 242).

[2] That "crowns" signify good and wisdom therefrom, and that truths are what are crowned, can be seen from the following passages. In David:

I will make the horn to spring forth for David; I will set in order a lamp for Mine anointed; his enemies will I clothe with shame; but upon himself shall his crown blossom (Psalms 132:17-18).

Here "David" and "anointed" mean the Lord (See above, n. 205[1-6]); "horn" His power; "lamp" is the Divine truth from which is Divine intelligence; "Crown" the Divine good from which is Divine wisdom, and from which is the Lord's government; and the "enemies," that shall be clothed with shame, are evils and falsities.

[3] In the same:

Thou showest anger with Thine anointed. Thou hast condemned even to the earth his crown (Psalms 89:38-39).

Here also "anointed" stands for the Lord, and "anger" for a state of temptation, in which He was when in combats with the hells. "Anger" and "condemnation" describe the lamentation at that time, as the Lord's last lamentation on the cross, that He was forsaken; for the cross was the last of His temptations or combats with the hells; and after that last temptation He put on the Divine good of the Divine love, and thus united the Divine Human to the Divine Itself which was in Him.

[4] In Isaiah:

In that day shall Jehovah of Hosts be for a crown of adornment, and for a diadem of splendor, unto the remnant of His people (Isaiah 28:5).

Here "crown of adornment" means wisdom that is of good from the Divine; and "the diadem of splendor" intelligence that is of truth from that good.

[5] In the same:

For Zion's sake will I not be silent, and for Jerusalem's sake I will not be quiet, until her righteousness go forth as brightness, and her salvation as a lamp burneth; and thou shalt be a crown of splendor in the hand of Jehovah, and a royal tiara in the hand of thy God (Isaiah 62:1, 3).

Here "Zion" and "Jerusalem" mean the church, "Zion" the church which is in good, and "Jerusalem" the church which is in truths from that good; therefore it is called "a crown of splendor in the hand of Jehovah," and "a royal tiara in the hand of thy God;" a "crown of splendor" is wisdom that is of good, and a "royal tiara" is intelligence that is of truth; and because "crown" signifies wisdom that is of good it is said to be "in the hand of Jehovah;" and because "tiara" signifies intelligence that is of truth it is said to be "in the hand of God;" for "Jehovah" is used where good is treated of, and "God" where truth is treated of (See Arcana Coelestia 2586, 2769, 6905).

[6] In Jeremiah:

Say to the king and to the mistress, Humble yourselves, sit ye; for your headtire is come down, the crown of your splendor (Jeremiah 13:18);

a "crown of splendor" meaning wisdom that is of good ("splendor" is the Divine truth of the church, Arcana Coelestia 9815).

[7] In the same:

The joy of our heart hath ceased; our dance is turned into mourning; the crown of our head hath fallen (Lamentations 5:15, 16);

"the crown of the head that hath fallen" means the wisdom which those who are of the church have through Divine truth, which wisdom hath ceased, together with internal blessedness.

[8] In Ezekiel:

I put a jewel upon thy nose, and ear-rings on thine ears, and a crown of splendor upon thine head (Ezekiel 16:12).

This refers to Jerusalem, which is the church, here the church at its first establishment; "the jewel upon the nose" signifies the perception of good; and "the ear-rings on the ears" the perception of truth and obedience; and the "crown upon the head" signifies wisdom therefrom.

In Job:

He hath stripped from me the glory, and taken away the crown of my head (Job 19:9);

"glory" meaning intelligence from Divine truth, and a "crown of the head" the wisdom therefrom.

[9] in Revelation:

I saw, and behold a white horse; and He that sat on him had a bow, and there was given unto Him a crown; and He went forth conquering and to conquer (Revelation 6:2).

"The white horse and He that sat on him" is the Lord in respect to the Word; "the bow" is the doctrine of truth by which the combat is waged; from which it is clear that "crown," since it is attributed to the Lord, is the Divine good that He put on even in respect to the human, as a reward of victory.

[10] Again:

Afterwards I saw, and behold a white cloud; and on the cloud One sat like unto the Son of man, having on His head a golden crown, and in His hand a sharp sickle (Revelation 14:14);

a "white cloud" standing for the literal sense of the Word (Arcana Coelestia 4060, 4391, 5922, 6343, 6752, 8281, 8781);

"the Son of man" meaning the Lord in respect to Divine truth;

"the golden crown," the Divine good from which is Divine truth;

and "the sharp sickle," the dispersion of evil and falsity.

[11] That a "crown" is Divine good from which is Divine truth was represented by the plats of gold upon the front of the miter that was upon Aaron, which plate was also called a "crown" and a "coronet;" it is thus described in Exodus:

Thou shalt make a plate of gold, and grave upon it with the engraving of a signet, Holiness to Jehovah; and thou shalt put it on a thread of blue, and it shall be on the miter, over against the face of it (Exodus 28:36, 37).

That this plate was called a "crown of holiness" and a "coronet," see Exodus 39:30; Leviticus 8:9. (But what was specially signified thereby, see Arcana Coelestia 9930-9936, where the particulars are explained.)

  
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Thanks to the Swedenborg Foundation for their permission to use this translation.