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ИисусНавин 9

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1 Услышав сие, все цари, которые за Иорданом, на горе и на равнине и по всему берегу великого моря, близ Ливана, Хеттеи, Аморреи, Хананеи, Ферезеи, Евеи и Иевусеи,

2 собрались вместе, дабы единодушно сразиться с Иисусом и Израилем.

3 Но жители Гаваона, услышав, что Иисус сделал с Иерихоном и Гаем,

4 употребили хитрость: пошли, запаслись хлебом на дорогу и положили ветхие мешки на ослов своих и ветхие, изорванные и заплатанные мехи вина;

5 и обувь на ногах их была ветхая с заплатами, и одежда на них ветхая; и весь дорожный хлеб их был сухой и заплесневелый.

6 Они пришли к Иисусу в стан Израильский в Галгал и сказали ему и всем Израильтянам: из весьма дальней земли пришли мы; итак заключите с нами союз.

7 Израильтяне же сказали Евеям: может быть, вы живете близ нас? как нам заключить с вами союз?

8 Они сказали Иисусу: мы рабы твои. Иисус же сказал им: кто вы и откуда пришли?

9 Они сказали ему: из весьма дальней земли пришли рабы твои во имя Господа Бога твоего; ибо мы слышали славу Его и все, что сделал Он в Египте,

10 и все, что Он сделал двум царям Аморрейским, которые по ту сторону Иордана, Сигону, царю Есевонскому, и Огу, царю Васанскому, который жил в Астарофе.

11 Слыша сие , старейшины наши и все жители нашей земли сказали нам: возьмите в руки ваши хлеба на дорогу и пойдите навстречу им и скажите им: „мы рабы ваши; итак заключите с нами союз".

12 Этот хлеб наш из домов наших мы взяли теплый в тот день, когда пошли к вам, а теперь вот, он сделался сухой и заплесневелый;

13 и эти мехи с вином, которые мы налили новые, вот, изорвались; и эта одежда наша и обувь наша обветшала от весьма дальней дороги.

14 Израильтяне взяли их хлеба, а Господа не вопросили.

15 И заключил Иисус с ними мир и постановил с ними условие в том, что он сохранит им жизнь; и поклялись им начальники общества.

16 А чрез три дня, как заключили они с ними союз, услышали, что они соседи их и живут близ них;

17 ибо сыны Израилевы, отправившись в путь, пришли в города их на третий день; города же их были : Гаваон, Кефира, Беероф и Кириаф-Иарим.

18 сыны Израилевы не побили их, потому что начальники общества клялись им Господом Богом Израилевым. За это все общество Израилево возроптало на начальников.

19 Все начальники сказали всему обществу: мы клялись им Господом Богом Израилевым и потому не можем коснуться их;

20 а вот что сделаем с ними: оставим их в живых, чтобы не постиг нас гнев за клятву, которою мы клялись им.

21 И сказали им начальники: пусть они живут, но будут рубить дрова и черпать воду для всего общества. И сделало все общество так, как сказали им начальники.

22 Иисус призвал их и сказал: для чего вы обманули нас, сказав: „мы весьма далеко от вас", тогда как вы живете близ нас?

23 за это прокляты вы! без конца вы будете рабами, будете рубить дрова и черпать воду для дома Бога моего!

24 Они в ответ Иисусу сказали: дошло до сведения рабов твоих, что Господь Бог твой повелел Моисею, рабу Своему, дать вам всю землю и погубить всех жителей сей земли пред лицем вашим; посему мы весьма боялись, чтобы вы не лишили нас жизни, и сделали это дело;

25 теперь вот мы в руке твоей: как лучше и справедливее тебе покажется поступить с нами,так и поступи.

26 И поступил с ними так: избавил их от руки сынов Израилевых, и они не умертвили их;

27 и определил в тот день Иисус, чтобы они рубили дрова и черпали воду для общества и для жертвенника Господня; – посему жители Гаваона сделались дровосеками и водоносами для жертвенника Божия, – даже до сего дня, на месте, какое ни избрал бы Господь .

   

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Exploring the Meaning of Joshua 9

Napsal(a) New Christian Bible Study Staff, Julian Duckworth

Joshua 9: The Gibeonites deceive Israel.

After Israel conquered Jericho and then Ai, the news about the strength of the Children of Israel - and their mighty God, Jehovah - spread quickly among the people of Canaan. In this chapter, the people of Gibeon came up with a plan to trick Joshua and the Israelites into granting them safety.

To preserve themselves, the Gibeonites cooked up a story that they had come from far away. They dressed in old clothing and worn-out sandals, and brought shabby wine-skins and moldy bread as proof of their long journey. After questioning these travelers, Joshua agreed to guarantee their safety, and the Israelites made a covenant to let them live. Note that the Israelites did not consult the Lord.

In the end, the Gibeonites admitted that they lived close by and were neighbors of Israel, just as the Hivites (the Gibeonites' ancestors) had been with Abraham. Joshua, unable to revoke his promise to them, made them wood-cutters and water-carriers for the altars of the Lord.

This chapter offers us several spiritual lessons. The main one is that there is a place for simple, well-intentioned goodness in our spiritual life, along with our love of God and our love for other people (See Swedenborg's exegetical work, Arcana Caelestia 3436, for details). This is what the Gibeonites stand for; they were not warlike but peaceful, content to live usefully day after day. This is an illustration of natural good, which is an important part of life in this world and in heaven (Arcana Caelestia 3167).

On a spiritual level, their story about living in a country far-away means that when we live good, well-intentioned lives, we are ‘far away’ from the evils of the Canaanites. Although the Gibeonites lived among the Canaanites, their higher values were entirely different. So while the Gibeonites deceived Israel to save themselves, they spoke truthfully when they said: “we come from a place a very long way away” (See Swedenborg's work, Heaven and Hell 481).

Their tattered and torn appearance is meant to illustrate the hard work of doing good. It can be quite wearing to continue doing good things, especially when we feel it is all up to us. Acknowledging that all good is from the Lord renews us, and keeps us from the burden of merit.

In the same vein, their worn-out appearance is also about our relationship with the Word. Little children love and delight in the stories of the Word, but as they grow up, this love dwindles (Arcana Caelestia 3690). But as adults, we have the choice to find those guiding principles from the Word, helping us to keep leading good lives.

The fact that Joshua commanded the Gibeonites to cut wood and draw water also holds spiritual significance. The beauty of wood is that it comes from living trees, and can be turned into many, many useful things. It stands for the steady, humble wish to do good each day (See Swedenborg's work, True Christian Religion 374). This must be present in our worship at the altars of the Lord.

Drawing water provides essential, life-giving refreshment for others. Water stands for truth, and our better actions draw the water of life for the sake of others. Truly, acknowledging the goodness in other people is part of our faith in God. This story shows us that we must allow others to live and to serve everything of God, just as Joshua showed mercy toward the Gibeonites.

Ze Swedenborgových děl

 

Arcana Coelestia # 6344

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6344. 'And the beginning of my strength' means that through that faith comes the initial power which truth possesses. This is clear from the meaning of 'the beginning of strength' as initial power; and since 'strength' is used with reference to truth, the initial power that truth possesses is what is meant. A similar usage occurs in Isaiah,

Jehovah imparts might to the weary, and to him who has no strength He gives greater power. Isaiah 40:29.

Here 'might' is used with reference to good and 'strength' to truth, 'power' with reference to both.

A brief statement will be made about how one should understand the explanation that through faith comes the power which good possesses, and the initial power which truth possesses, meant by 'Reuben my firstborn, you are my might and the beginning of my strength'. In the spiritual world all power comes from good through truth; without good truth has no power at all. For truth is so to speak the body, and good so to speak the soul of that body, and to accomplish anything the soul must act through the body. From this it is evident that truth without good has no power at all, even as the body without the soul has none at all. A body without its soul is a corpse; so too is truth without good.

[2] As soon as good effects the birth of faith that is composed of truth, power reveals itself in truth. This power is what is called the initial power that truth possesses through faith and is what is meant by 'the beginning of strength', as in other places in the Word where the condition of the firstborn is referred to, for example in David,

He smote all the firstborn in Egypt, the beginning of strength in the tents of Ham. Psalms 78:51.

And in another place,

He smote all the firstborn in their land, the beginning of all their strength. Psalms 105:36.

Also in Deuteronomy,

He must acknowledge the firstborn son of her that is hated, to give him two parts of all that will be found for him, in that he is the beginning of his strength; the right of the first born is his. Deuteronomy 21:17.

[3] The genuine meaning of 'the firstborn' is the good of charity, though the apparent meaning is the truth of faith, 3325, 4925, 4926, 4928, 4930. And because both that good and this truth are the fundamental qualities of the Church, the ancients spoke of the firstborn as his 'father's might and the beginning of his strength'. The fact that those fundamental qualities were meant by 'the firstborn' is quite evident from the considerations that everything which was a firstborn was Jehovah's or the Lord's and that the tribe of Levi was taken instead of all the firstborn and became the priesthood.

[4] Scarcely anyone in the world can know what the power possessed by truth coming from good is; but it is known to those in the next life, and so can be known through revelation from there. People in possession of truth that comes from good, that is, of faith derived from charity, possess power that comes through truth from good. All angels possess that power, which also is why in the Word angels are called 'powers'. For they have the power to restrain evil spirits; even one angel can restrain a thousand together. Their power they use most especially among men; sometimes they protect a person from numerous hells, in thousands of ways.

[5] This power that angels possess comes to them through the truth of faith derived from the good of charity. But because the faith they have comes from the Lord, the Lord alone is the power that resides with them. This power which comes from the Lord through faith is meant by the Lord's words to Peter,

On this rock I will build My Church, and the gates of hell will not prevail against it. And I will give you the keys of the kingdom of heaven; and whatever you bind on earth will be bound in heaven, and whatever you loose on earth will be loosed in heaven. Matthew 16:18-19.

These words were addressed to Peter because he represented faith, see Preface to Genesis 22, as well as 3750, 4738, 6000, 6073 (end). Also wherever 'rock', 1 as Peter is called here, occurs in the Word, faith is meant in its internal sense, and the Lord in respect of faith in its highest sense.

Poznámky pod čarou:

1. Reading petram (rock), which Swedenborg has in his rough draft, for Petrum (Peter).

  
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Thanks to the Swedenborg Society for the permission to use this translation.