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1я Царств 4

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1 И было слово Самуила ко всему Израилю. И выступили Израильтяне против Филистимлян на войну и расположились станом при Авен-Езере, а Филистимляне расположились при Афеке.

2 И выстроились Филистимляне против Израильтян, и произошла битва, и были поражены Израильтяне Филистимлянами, которые побили на полесражения около четырех тысяч человек.

3 И пришел народ в стан; и сказали старейшины Израилевы: за что поразил нас Господь сегодня пред Филистимлянами? возьмем себе из Силома ковчег завета Господня, и он пойдет среди нас и спасет нас от руки врагов наших.

4 И послал народ в Силом, и принесли оттуда ковчег завета Господа Саваофа, седящего на херувимах; а при ковчеге завета Божия были и двасына Илиевы, Офни и Финеес.

5 И когда прибыл ковчег завета Господня в стан, весь Израиль поднял такой сильный крик, что земля стонала.

6 И услышали Филистимляне шум восклицаний и сказали: отчего такие громкие восклицания в стане Евреев? И узнали, что ковчег Господень прибыл встан.

7 И устрашились Филистимляне, ибо сказали: Бог тот пришел к ним в стан. И сказали: горе нам! ибо не бывало подобного ни вчера, ни третьего дня;

8 горе нам! кто избавит нас от руки этого сильного Бога? Это – тот Бог, Который поразил Египтян всякими казнями в пустыне;

9 укрепитесь и будьте мужественны, Филистимляне, чтобы вам не быть в порабощении у Евреев, как они у вас в порабощении; будьте мужественны и сразитесь с ними.

10 И сразились Филистимляне, и поражены были Израильтяне, и каждый побежал в шатер свой, и было поражение весьма великое, и пало из Израильтян тридцать тысяч пеших.

11 И ковчег Божий был взят, и два сына Илиевы, Офни и Финеес, умерли.

12 И побежал один Вениамитянин с места сражения и пришел в Силом втот же день; одежда на нем была разодрана и прах на голове его.

13 Когда пришел он, Илий сидел на седалище при дороге у ворот и смотрел, ибо сердце его трепетало за ковчег Божий. И когда человек тот пришел и объявил в городе, то громко восстенал весь город.

14 И услышал Илий звуки вопля и сказал: отчего такой шум? И тотчас подошел человек тот и объявил Илию.

15 Илий был тогда девяноста восьми лет; и глаза его померкли, и он не мог видеть.

16 И сказал тот человек Илию: я пришел из стана, сегодня же бежал я с места сражения. И сказал Илий : что произошло, сын мой?

17 И отвечал вестник и сказал: побежал Израиль пред Филистимлянами, и поражение великое произошло в народе, и оба сына твои, Офни и Финеес, умерли, и ковчег Божий взят.

18 Когда упомянул он о ковчеге Божием, Илий упал с седалища навзничь у ворот, сломал себе хребет и умер; ибо он был стар и тяжел. Был же он судьею Израиля сорок лет.

19 Невестка его, жена Финеесова, была беременна уже пред родами. И когда услышала она известие о взятии ковчега Божия и о смерти свекра своегои мужа своего, то упала на колени и родила, ибо приступили к ней боли ее.

20 И когда умирала она, стоявшие при ней женщины говорили ей: не бойся, ты родила сына. Но она не отвечала и не обращала внимания.

21 И назвала младенца: Ихавод, сказав: „отошла слава от Израиля" – со взятием ковчега Божия и со смертью свекра ее и мужа ее.

22 Она сказала: отошла слава от Израиля, ибо взят ковчег Божий.

   

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Exploring the Meaning of 1 Samuel 4

Napsal(a) Garry Walsh

Although everyone in Israel knew that Samuel had been chosen as the Lord’s prophet, the Israelites still didn’t listen to his prophecy. As a result, there was a new battle between the army of Israel and the army of the Philistines. The Philistines won and about four thousand men of Israel died.

The Israelites were in great distress. They sent for the Ark of the Covenant, thinking that if they brought it from Shiloh to the battlefield, it would help bring the power of Jehovah into the battle, and help them win. The two sons of Eli the High Priest, Hophni and Phinehas, came along with the Ark. When the Ark reached the Israelite camp, the Israelites shouted with joy, and the Philistines became afraid. The Philistines knew that the Israelite God was surely with them, and they remembered His power from the plagues of Egypt. (See Exodus 7 and the following chapters.)

And yet, the Philistines were tough enemies. They didn’t want to be slaves to Israel, as Israel had been to them. They gathered their courage and defeated Israel in battle again, and even captured the Ark of the Covenant.

A messenger was sent to bring the bad news to Shiloh, where Eli was. Hophni and Phinehas were dead, and the Ark was in enemy hands. When he heard the news, the elderly Eli fell backwards from his seat and died. Phinehas' wife was pregnant, and when she heard the news of her husband’s death it crushed her spirit, and she died shortly after delivering a son that she named Ichabod. So just as the Lord had told Samuel, the priestly role was taken from Eli’s family.

Why was the Ark of the Covenant important? It contained two stone tablets, on which were written the Ten Commandments. These were written by the finger of God, and given to Moses on Mount Sinai. The Commandments represented the covenant between the Lord and people. They would be joined together through love and faith: God’s love for His people, and their love for Him. Love, faith in God and obedience to His message would forever bind them. The covenant is only fulfilled when people, individually and collectively, do what is written on those two tablets. (See True Christianity 285.)

In this story, the Israelites lost the Ark of the Covenant with the Ten Commandments. This symbolizes how we can lose our covenant with the Lord, our Creator. We are free to keep our covenant with the Lord and follow His laws, or to break it. This story shows us how breaking the covenant can be really destructive.

God, however, will never give up on us, and is always ready to come into our lives if we accept Him. In True Christianity 285, Swedenborg writes that God is always ready to keep His commandment with us, but we must use our free will to keep our commandment with Him. This is illustrated in a quote from Revelation 3:20: “Behold, I stand at the door and knock. If anyone hears my voice and opens the door, I will come in to him and dine with him, and he with me.”

While this story is an example of a covenant with God described in the Old Testament of the Word, this relationship between God and His people (and, of course, with each one of us individually) is a theme throughout all of the Bible. The New Testament describes a new covenant that the Lord seeks to build with each of us.

In Swedenborg’s Writings we learn that the Philistines, whom the Israelites were battling, represent faith without charity. Both faith and charity are necessary to follow the Lord, and knowledge of what is right and true is not useful unless we apply it to our lives. If we don't apply it, this knowledge becomes sort of abstract, something that we remember but that isn't an ongoing part of our life. (See Arcana Coelestia 1197.)

Since Philistines represent knowledge without charity, perhaps this story is telling us that in order to keep our covenant with God, it is not enough to know what is required of us, what is written on the tables of stone. We must also act accordingly. When we both understand the commandments and practice them, then we are able to keep our covenant with God.

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Apocalypse Explained # 14

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14. And they that hear the words of the prophecy, signifies that they live according to the doctrine of heaven. This is evident from the signification of "hearing," as being to perceive and obey (See Arcana Coelestia 2542, 3869, 4653, 5017, 7216, 8361, 8990, 9311, 9397, 10061); thus also to live according to that doctrine; for those who perceive and obey the doctrine of heaven live according to it; and from the signification of "the words of the prophecy," as being the truths that pertain to the doctrine of heaven; for "words" are truths (n. 4692, 5075); and "prophecy" is doctrine (n. 2534, 7269); here it is the doctrine of heaven, since it is prophecy belonging to the Word, and the Word is from heaven. To "hear" is to obey and to live, because with celestial angels the things that are heard enter into the life; but as this is a thing unknown, I would like to explain it briefly.

There are two senses given to man which serve as means of receiving the things whereby the rational is formed, and also the things by which man is reformed; these are the sense of sight and the sense of hearing; the other senses are for other uses. The things that enter by the sense of sight enter into man's understanding and enlighten it, for which reason by "sight" is signified the understanding enlightened, for the understanding corresponds to the sight of the eye, as the light of heaven corresponds to the light of the world. The things, however, that enter by the sense of hearing enter both into the understanding and into the will, and for this reason by "the hearing" is signified perception and obedience. Consequently, in human language, to "hear" anyone, and to "give ear to" anyone, also to "listen to," and "hearken to," are common expressions; and by "hearing anyone" is meant to perceive, and by "giving ear to," as also by "listening to" is meant to obey; while "hearkening to" means either perceiving or obeying. These expressions flowed down into human language out of the spiritual world, where man's spirit is. Their origin in the spiritual world shall also be explained.

[2] Those there who are in the province of the ear are obediences from perception. (That all who are in the spiritual world are in some province that is named from the members, organs, or viscera of man, because they correspond thereto, may be seen in the work on Heaven and Hell 87-102.) Moreover, the province of the ear is in the axis of heaven; into it, therefore, or into those who are there, the whole spiritual world flows in, with the perception that "thus must it be done;" for this is the reigning perception in heaven; from this it is that those who are in that province are obediences from perception. That the things that enter by hearing enter immediately through the understanding into the will, may be further illustrated by the way in which angels of the celestial kingdom, who are most wise, are instructed. These angels receive all their wisdom by hearing, and not by sight; for whatsoever they hear about Divine things, they receive in the will from veneration and love, and make it of their life; and because they receive these things not first in the memory, but immediately in the life, they do not speak about matters of faith, but when these are mentioned by others, they answer, "Yea, yea," or "Nay, nay," according to the Lord's words in Matthew 5:37. From this it is evident that hearing is given to man chiefly for the reception of wisdom, and sight for the reception of intelligence. Wisdom is to perceive, to will, and to do; and intelligence is to know and to perceive. (That the celestial angels imbibe wisdom by hearing, not by sight, may be seen in the work on Heaven and Hell 270-271; and more concerning those angels, n. 20-28.)

  
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Thanks to the Swedenborg Foundation for their permission to use this translation.