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Левит 7

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1 Вотъ законъ о жертвј повинности: это великая святыня.

2 Жертву повинности должно закалать на томъ мјстј, гдј закалается всесожженіе, и кровію ея кропить на жертвенникъ со всјхъ сторонъ.

3 Приносящій долженъ представить изъ ней весь тукъ, курдюкъ, и тукъ, покрывающій внутренности,

4 и обј почки и тукъ, который на нихъ, который на стегнахъ, и перепонку, которая на печени; съ почками пусть онъ отдјлитъ сіе.

5 И сожжетъ сіе священникъ на жертвенникј, какъ огнепалимую жертву Господу. Это жертва повинности.

6 Весь мужескій полъ священническаго рода можетъ јсть ее. На святомъ мјстј должно јсть ее. Это великая святыня.

7 Какъ о жертвј за грјхъ, такъ и о жертвј повинности законъ одинъ: она принадлежитъ священнику, который очищаетъ посредствомъ ея.

8 Также, когда священникъ приноситъ чью-нибудь жертву всесожженія, кожа отъ жертвы всесожженія, которое онъ приноситъ, принадлежитъ священнику.

9 И всякое приношеніе хлјбное, которое печено въ печи, и всякое приготовленное въ горшкј или на сковородј, принадлежитъ священнику, приносящему его.

10 И всякое приношеніе хлјбное, облитое елеемъ, и сухое принадлежитъ всјмъ сынамъ Аароновымъ, какъ одному, такъ и другому.

11 Вотъ законъ о жертвј бдагодарственной, которую приносятъ Господу.

12 Если кто въ благодарность приноситъ ее, то при жертвј благодарности онъ долженъ принести прјсныя лепешки, замјшанныя на елеј, и прјсные блины, мазанные елеемъ, и пшеничную муку, напитанную елеемъ, лепешки облитыя елеемъ.

13 Кромј лепешекъ пусть онъ приноситъ въ приношеніе свое квасный хлјбъ, кромј закалаемой жертвы хвалебнаго благодаренія,

14 Одну лепешку изъ всего приношенія своего пусть принесетъ онъ въ возношеніе Господу; это принадлежитъ священнику, кропящему кровію благодарственной жертвы.

15 Мясо жертвы хвалебнаго благодаренія должно съјсть въ день ея приношенія; не должно оставлять ничего отъ нея до утра.

16 Если же кто приноситъ жертву по објту, или отъ усердія, то жертву его должно јсть въ день приношенія; но также и на другой день оставшееся отъ нея јсть можно.

17 А оставшееся отъ жертвеннаго мяса къ третьему дню, должно сжечь на огнј.

18 Если же будутъ јсть мясо благодарственной жертвы въ третій день, то она не будетъ благоугодна; кто ее принесъ, тому ни во что не поставится; это оскверненіе, и кто будетъ јсть ее, тотъ понесетъ на себј грјхъ.

19 Мяса сего, если оно прикоснется къ чему-либо нечистому, также не должно јсть, но сжечь на огнј; мясо сіе можетъ јсть всякой чистый.

20 Если же какая душа, имјя на себј нечистоту, будетъ јсть мясо благодарственной жертвы Господней: то истребится душа та изъ народа своего.

21 И если какая душа, прикоснувшись къ чему-нибудь нечистому, къ нечистотј человјческой, или къ нечистому скоту, или какому-нибудь нечистому гаду, будетъ јсть мясо благодарственной жертвы Господней: то истребится душа та изъ народа своего.

22 И говорилъ Господь Моисею, и сказалъ:

23 скажи сынамъ Израилевымъ: никакого тука, ни изъ вола, ни изъ овцы, ни изъ козла, не јшьте.

24 Тукъ изъ мертваго и тукъ изъ разтерзаннаго звјремъ можно употреблять на всякое дјло; а јсть, не јшьте его.

25 Ибо кто будетъ јсть тукъ изъ скота, который приносится въ огнепалимую жертву Господу, истребится душа та изъ народа своего.

26 И никакой крови не јшьте во всјхъ жилищахъ вашихъ ни изъ птицъ, ни изъ скота.

27 А кто будетъ јсть какую-нибудь кровь, истребится душа та изъ народа своего.

28 И говорилъ Господь Моисею, и сказалъ:

29 скажи сынамъ Израилевымъ: кто представляетъ благодарственную жертву свою Господу, тотъ изъ благодарственной жертвы часть долженъ принести въ приношеніе Господу.

30 Своими руками должеиъ онъ принести въ огнепалимую жертву Господу: тукъ съ грудью долженъ онъ принести, потрясая грудь предъ лицемъ Господнимъ.

31 Тукъ сожжетъ священникъ на жертвенникј, а грудь принадлежитъ Аарону и сынамъ его,

32 И правое плечо, какъ возношеніе, изъ благодарственныхъ жертвъ вашихъ отдавайте священнику.

33 Кто изъ сыновъ Аароновыхъ приноситъ кровь изъ благодарственной жертвы и тукъ, тому и правое плечо на долю.

34 Ибо Я беру отъ сыновъ Израилевыхъ изъ благодарственныхъ жертвъ ихъ грудь потрясанія и плечо возношенія, и отдаю ихъ Аарону священнику и сынамъ его въ вјчный участокъ отъ сыновъ Израилевыхъ.

35 Вотъ участокъ Аарону и участокъ сьнамъ его изъ огнепалимыхъ жертвъ Господнихъ, когда они предстанутъ предъ Господа для священнодјйствія,

36 который повелјлъ Господь давать имъ со дня помазанія ихъ отъ сыновъ Израилевыхъ. Это вјчное постановленіе въ роды ихъ.

37 Вотъ законъ о всесожженіи, о приношеніи хлјбномъ, о жертвј за грјхъ, о жертвј повинности, о наполненіи рукъ и о жертвј благодарственной,

38 который далъ Господь Моисею на горј Синај, когда сынамъ Израилевымъ, въ пустынј Синайской, повелјлъ приносить Господу приношенія ихъ.

   

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Apocalypse Explained # 78

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78. As dead, signifies failure of self-life. This is evident from the signification of "as dead," in reference to the Divine presence with man, as meaning the failure of self-life; for man's self-life is that into which he is born, which is in itself nothing but evil, for it is altogether inverted, for it has regard to itself and the world only, and therefore turns itself back away from God and from heaven. The life that is not man's self-life is that into which he is led when he is being regenerated by the Lord; and when he comes into that life he regards God and heaven in the first place, and self and the world in the second. That life flows in with man when the Lord is present; consequently so far as that life flows in, so far there is effected a turning of the life. This turning, when effected suddenly, causes man to appear to himself as dead; thence it is that by "as dead" is here signified the failure of self-life. But these two states of life cannot be so described as to be apprehended. Moreover, they are not the same with a man and with a spirit, and they are wholly different with the evil and with the good. Man cannot live with the body in the presence of the Divine; those who do live are encompassed by an angelic column, which moderates the Divine influx; for the body of every man is nonreceptive of the Divine, consequently it dies and is cast off. That man cannot live with the body in the presence of the Divine can be seen from the words of the Lord to Moses:

Thou canst not see My faces; for man shall not see Me and live (Exodus 33:20);

Moses, therefore, because he desired to see, was placed in a cleft of a rock and was covered until the Lord had passed by. Furthermore, it was known to the ancients that man cannot see God and live, as is evident from the book of Judges:

Manoah said unto his wife, Dying we shall die, because we have seen God (Judges 13:22);

and this was also attested to the sons of Israel, when the Lord was seen from Mount Sinai, of which it is thus written in Moses:

Be ready against the third day; for the third day Jehovah will come down in the eyes of all the people, upon Mount Sinai. And thou shalt set bounds unto the people round about, saying, Take heed to yourselves, that ye go not up into the mount, or touch the extremity of it; whosoever toucheth the mount dying he shall die. And because terror seized upon them, they said unto Moses, Speak thou with us and we will hear; but let not God speak with us lest perchance we die (Exodus 19:11-12; 20:19).

(That by "Mount Sinai" is signified heaven, where the Lord is, and that by "touching" is signified to communicate, to transfer, and to receive, and for this reason it was forbidden to touch the extremity of that mountain, see in the (Arcana Coelestia 8785, 8797, 8818) explanation of those chapters in the Arcana Coelestia.) Jehovah has been seen by many, as recorded in the Word, but this was because they were encompassed at the time by a column of spirits, and thus were preserved, as was said above. In this way the Lord has also been seen at different times by me. But the state of spirits in the Divine presence is different from the state of men; spirits cannot die, consequently if they are evil they die a spiritual death in the Divine presence, the nature of which will be spoken of presently; but those who are good are conveyed into societies, where the sphere of the Divine presence is tempered and accommodated to reception. On account of this there are three heavens, and in each heaven many societies, and those who are in the higher heavens are nearer to the Lord, and those who are in the lower are more remote from Him (See the work on Heaven and Hell 20-28, 29-40, 41-50, 206-209). What the spiritual death is that evil spirits die in the Divine presence, shall be briefly stated. Spiritual death is a turning away and removal from the Lord. When evil spirits, however, who have not yet been vastated, that is, have not yet become fixed in their ruling love, enter any angelic society, then because the Divine of the Lord is there present they are direfully tormented, and not only turn away but even cast themselves down into the depths, where no light from heaven enters; some into dark caverns of rocks; in a word, into the hells (See what is shown in the work on Heaven and Hell 54, 400, 410, 510, 525, 527). This turning away and removal from the Lord is what is called spiritual death; and with such the spiritual of heaven is dead.

  
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Thanks to the Swedenborg Foundation for their permission to use this translation.

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Arcana Coelestia # 10129

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10129. 'And the altar shall be the holy of holies' means the celestial kingdom, where the Lord is present in the good of love. This is clear from the meaning of 'the altar' as that which is representative of the Lord in respect of Divine Good, dealt with in 9388, 9389, 9714, 9964, at this point in respect of Divine Good in heaven and in the Church, 10123; and from the meaning of 'the holy of holies' as celestial good or the good of love from the Lord. The reason why it is the celestial kingdom that is meant here by 'the altar' and the good there that is meant by 'the holy of holies' is that the good received in that kingdom is the good of love which comes from and is offered back to the Lord, which is celestial good. For there are two kingdoms into which the heavens are divided, the celestial kingdom and the spiritual kingdom. The celestial kingdom receives the good of love coming from and offered back to the Lord, whereas the spiritual kingdom receives from the Lord the good of charity towards the neighbour, see the places referred to in 9277, and what is stated in 9680, 10068.

[2] 'The altar' represents the celestial kingdom, or what amounts to the same thing, it represents the Lord where He is present in the good of love; and 'the tent of meeting outside the veil' represents the spiritual kingdom, or what amounts to the same thing, it represents the Lord where He is present in the good of charity towards the neighbour. The spiritual kingdom's good, or spiritual good, is called the holy place, but the celestial kingdom's good, or celestial good, is called the holy of holies. The reason why celestial good, which is the good of love received from and offered back to the Lord, is referred to as the holy of holies is that this good is a channel through which the Lord flows directly into the heavens; but spiritual good - the good of charity towards the neighbour - is a channel through which He does so indirectly, by way of celestial good, see 9473, 9683, 9873, 9992, 10005. The term 'flow in' is used because the Lord, being the Sun of heaven, is above the heavens and flows in from there, 10106; yet He is still as one present within the heavens.

[3] The fact that celestial good, which is the good of love received from and offered back to the Lord, is meant by 'the holy of holies' is clear from places in the Word where the expression 'the holy of holies' occurs, as in Moses,

The veil shall be for you a divider between the holy place and the holy of holies. And you shall put the mercy-seat onto the ark of the Testimony in the holy of holies. Exodus 26:33-34.

From this it is evident that 'the holy place' refers to that part of the tent which was outside the veil, and 'the holy of holies' to the part within the veil. Regarding the tent or the dwelling-place outside the veil, that it represented the Lord's spiritual kingdom, or the middle heaven, and regarding the tent or dwelling-place within the veil, that it represented the Lord's celestial kingdom, or the inmost heaven, see 9457, 9481, 9485, 10001, 10025. The part of the tent within the veil is also called the holy sanctuary 1 , Leviticus 16:33. Since the ark, which had the Testimony within it and the mercy-seat above it, represented the inmost heaven, where celestial good reigns, the innermost part of the temple, where the ark of the covenant was, is also called the holy of holies, 1 Kings 6:16; 8:6.

[4] Since the bread and the minchah were signs of the good of love received from and offered back to the Lord, which is celestial good, they too are called 'the holy of holies' in Moses,

The bread of faces (or of the presence) shall be eaten by Aaron and his sons in a holy place; for it is the holy of holies of the fire offerings to Jehovah. Leviticus 24:9.

'The bread of faces (or of the presence)' means celestial good, see 9545. In the same book,

That which remains of the minchah shall be for Aaron and his sons, the holy of holies of the fire offerings to Jehovah. Leviticus 2:3, 10.

'The minchah', which consisted of unleavened bread, unleavened cakes, and unleavened wafers mixed with oil, means celestial good or the good of love, see 4581, 9992, 10079; and 'a fire offering to Jehovah' means Divine Love, 10055.

[5] In the same author,

Every minchah - a sacrifice of sin offering and a sacrifice of guilt offering - which is for Aaron and his sons, is the holy of holies to Jehovah. Numbers 18:9-10.

Such minchahs too were called 'the holy of holies' because those sacrifices were signs of purification from evils, and all purification from evils is accomplished in a state of the good of innocence; and this good as well is celestial good. This explains why in sacrifices of sin offering or guilt offering female or male lambs, or rams, or young bulls, or turtle doves were offered, as is clear from Chapters 4, 5 of Leviticus, that good being meant by these creatures. For its being meant by 'lambs', see 3994, 3519, 7840, by 'rams', 10042, by 'young bulls', 9391; and its being meant by 'turtle doves' is evident from the places in the Word where such birds are mentioned. As regards purification from evils and regeneration, that they are accomplished in a state of innocence, see 10021. Therefore those sacrifices are called 'the holy of holies' also in Leviticus 6:25; 7:6; 10:17; 14:13.

[6] In the same author,

The minchah shall be eaten beside the altar; for it is the holy of holies. Leviticus 10:12.

It has been shown above that the altar of burnt offering represented the Lord in respect of the good of love, and reception by angels and men. This accounts for the use of the following words concerning it in Moses,

You shall anoint the altar of burnt offering and all its vessels, its laver, and its pedestal. And you shall sanctify them, that they may be the holy of holies; everyone who touches them will make himself holy. Exodus 30:28-29.

[7] The incense too, some of which was placed before the Testimony in the tent of meeting, is called the holy of holies, Exodus 30:36, because it meant celestial good in last and lowest things, and also meant the things that emanate from that good, 9475. In Ezekiel,

This is the law of the house 2 : On the top of the mountain shall its whole border round about be, the holy of holies. Ezekiel 43:12.

The reason why 'the house' together with the border around it is called 'the holy of holies' is that 'God's house' means the celestial kingdom, and in the highest sense the Lord in respect of the good of love, 3720. This is why the words 'on the top of the mountain' are also used, for 'the top of the mountain' has the same meaning, 6435, 9422, 9434.

[8] In Daniel,

Seventy weeks have been decreed concerning the people and concerning the holy city to seal up vision and prophet, and to anoint the holy of holies. Daniel 9:24.

This refers to the Coming of the Lord, who alone is Jehovah's Anointed and who alone is the Holy One, and who also as to His Human is the Divine Good of Divine Love, and so is the holy of holies.

The Lord alone as to His Divine Human is Jehovah's Anointed, see 9954.

He alone is the Holy One, 9229.

He is the Divine Good of Divine Love, see the places referred to in 9199(end).

[9] The reason why celestial good is meant by 'the holy of holies' but spiritual good by 'the holy place' is that celestial good is inmost good, and therefore also is the inmost heaven's good, whereas spiritual good is good emanating from that celestial good and is therefore the middle heaven's good. And this good is good and consequently holy to the extent that it has celestial good within it; for celestial good flows into spiritual, conceives it, and begets it as a father does his child. The words 'celestial good' are used to mean the good of love received from and offered back to the Lord, and 'spiritual good' to mean the good of charity towards the neighbour received from the Lord.

[10] The good of love to the Lord received from the Lord is 'the holy of holies' because the Lord joins Himself directly to others through it. But the good of charity towards the neighbour is 'the holy place' because He joins Himself through it indirectly; and He joins Himself to the extent that it has the good of love from the Lord within it. The good of love to the Lord received from the Lord is present within all genuine good of charity, and also within all genuine good of faith; for such good flows in from the Lord. No one by his own strength, only by the Lord's, can love the neighbour and in love do good to him; and no one by his own strength, only by the Lord's, can believe in God. When therefore the Lord is acknowledged and the neighbour is loved, the Lord is present within the love towards the neighbour, however unaware the person may be of it. This also is what the Lord's words in Matthew serve to mean,

The righteous will answer, Lord, when did we see You hungry and feed You, or thirsty and give You drink? When did we see You sick, or in prison, and come to You? But the King will say to them, Truly I say to you, Insofar as you did it to one of the least of these My brothers you did it to Me. Matthew 25:37-40.

From these words it is evident that the Lord is within the good of charity, indeed is that good, even though those governed by this good are unaware of it. 'Brothers' is used in the proximate sense 3 to mean those governed by the good of charity; and in the abstract sense, without reference to persons, 'the Lord's brothers' are the good of charity itself, in all its forms, see 5063-5071.

Poznámky pod čarou:

1. i.e. the internal historical sense. See the final words of 4690.

2. i.e. the new temple

3. literally, the sanctuary of holiness

  
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Thanks to the Swedenborg Society for the permission to use this translation.