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Jeremias 31

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1 På den tid, sier Herren, vil jeg være alle Israels ætters Gud, og de skal være mitt folk.

2 sier Herren: Det folk som er undkommet fra sverdet, har funnet nåde i ørkenen; jeg vil gå og føre Israel til ro.

3 Fra det fjerne har Herren åpenbaret sig for mig: Ja, med evig kjærlighet har jeg elsket dig; derfor har jeg latt min miskunnhet mot dig vare ved.

4 Ennu en gang vil jeg bygge dig, og du skal bli bygget, du jomfru, Israel! Ennu en gang skal du pryde dig med dine trommer og gå ut i dansen med de glade.

5 Ennu en gang skal du plante vingårderSamarias fjell; de som planter dem, skal også ta dem i bruk.

6 For det kommer en dag da vektere skal rope på Efra'ims fjell: stå op og la oss dra op til Sion, til Herren vår Gud!

7 For så sier Herren: Juble over Jakob med glede og rop med fryd over det ypperste blandt folkene*! La lovsang lyde og si: Herre, frels ditt folk, dem som er igjen av Israel! / {* AMO 6, 1.}

8 Se, jeg fører dem fra landet i nord og samler dem fra jordens ytterste ende; blandt dem er det både blinde og halte, både fruktsommelige og fødende; som en stor skare skal de komme hit tilbake.

9 Med gråt skal de komme og med ydmyke bønner, og jeg vil lede dem; jeg vil føre dem til rinnende bekker på en jevn vei, hvor de ikke skal snuble; for jeg er blitt en far for Israel, og Efra'im er min førstefødte.

10 Hør Herrens ord, I folk, og forkynn det på øene langt borte og si: Han som adspredte Israel, skal samle det og vokte det, som en hyrde vokter sin hjord.

11 For Herren har fridd Jakob ut og løst ham av dens hånd som var sterkere enn han.

12 Og de skal komme og synge med fryd på Sions berg, og de skal strømme til Herrens gode ting, til korn og til most og til olje og til unge får og okser, og deres sjel skal være som en vannrik have, og de skal ikke vansmekte mere.

13 Da skal jomfruer glede sig i dans, og unge og gamle skal glede sig sammen, og jeg vil vende deres klage til fryd og trøste dem og glede dem efter deres sorg.

14 Og jeg vil vederkvege prestene med det fete, og mitt folk skal mettes med mine gode ting, sier Herren.

15 sier Herren: En røst høres i ama, veklage, bitter gråt; akel gråter over sine barn; hun vil ikke la sig trøste over sine barn, for de er ikke mere til.

16 sier Herren: Hold op med din gråt, og la ikke dine øine felle tårer mere! Du skal få lønn for ditt arbeid, sier Herren, og de skal vende tilbake fra fiendens land.

17 Og det er håp for din fremtid, sier Herren, og barna skal vende tilbake til sitt land.

18 Jeg har hørt Efra'im klage: Du har tuktet mig, ja, jeg blev tuktet som en utemmet kalv; omvend mig du, så blir jeg omvendt, du er jo Herren min Gud.

19 For efterat jeg har vendt mig bort fra dig, angrer jeg, og efterat jeg har fått forstand, slår jeg mig på lenden; jeg blues, ja, jeg skammer mig, for jeg bærer min ungdoms skam.

20 Er da Efra'im en så dyrebar sønn for mig eller mitt kjæreste barn, siden jeg ennu må komme ham i hu, enda jeg så ofte har talt mot ham? Derfor røres mitt hjerte av medynk med ham, jeg må forbarme mig over ham, sier Herren.

21 eis dig merkestener, sett dig veivisere, gi akt på den banede vei, den vei du gikk! Vend tilbake, du jomfru, Israel, vend tilbake til dine byer her!

22 Hvor lenge vil du vanke omkring, du frafalne datter? For Herren skaper noget nytt i landet: Kvinnen* skal stadig være om mannen**. / {* Israel.} / {** Herren.}

23 sier Herren, hærskarenes Gud, Israels Gud: Ennu en gang skal de si så i Juda land og i dets byer, når jeg gjør ende på deres fangenskap: Herren velsigne dig, du rettferdighets bolig, du hellige berg!

24 Og Juda med alle sine byer skal bo der sammen som jordbrukere og omvandrende hyrder.

25 For jeg vil kvege den trette sjel, og hver vansmektende sjel vil jeg mette.

26 Ved dette våknet jeg og så mig om, og jeg fant at min søvn hadde vært herlig.

27 Se, dager kommer, sier Herren, da jeg vil tilså Israels land og Judas land med menneskers sæd og med dyrs sæd.

28 Og likesom jeg har våket over dem for å rykke op og for å rive og bryte ned og ødelegge og plage dem, således vil jeg også våke over dem for å bygge og plante, sier Herren.

29 I de dager skal de ikke mere si: Fedrene åt sure druer, og barnas tenner blev såre.

30 Men enhver skal for sin egen misgjernings skyld; hvert menneske som eter sure druer, han skal selv få såre tenner.

31 Se, dager kommer, sier Herren, da jeg vil oprette en ny pakt med Israels hus og med Judas hus,

32 ikke som den pakt jeg oprettet med deres fedre på den dag da jeg tok dem ved hånden for å føre dem ut av Egyptens land, den pakt med mig som de brøt, enda jeg var deres ektemann, sier Herren;

33 men dette er den pakt jeg vil oprette med Israels hus efter de dager, sier Herren: Jeg vil gi min lov i deres sinn og skrive den i deres hjerte, og jeg vil være deres Gud, og de skal være mitt folk;

34 og de skal ikke mere lære hver sin næste og hver sin bror og si: Kjenn Herren! For de skal alle kjenne mig, både små og store, sier Herren; for jeg vil forlate deres misgjerning og ikke mere komme deres synd i hu.

35 sier Herren, som satte solen til lys om dagen og lover for månen og stjernene, så de lyser om natten, han som oprører havet så dets bølger bruser - Herren, hærskarenes Gud, er hans navn:

36 Dersom disse lover ikke lenger står ved makt for mitt åsyn, sier Herren, da skal også Israels ætt ophøre å være et folk for mitt åsyn alle dager.

37 sier Herren: Dersom himmelen kan måles der oppe, og jordens grunnvoller utforskes der nede, da vil også jeg forkaste all Israels ætt for alt det de har gjort, sier Herren.

38 Se, dager kommer, sier Herren, da byen skal bygges for Herren, fra Hananels tårn like til Hjørneporten,

39 og målesnoren skal gå videre rett frem over Gareb-haugen, og så skal den vende sig til Goa,

40 og hele dalen med de døde kropper og asken, og alle markene like til Kedrons bekk, til Hesteportens hjørne mot øst, skal være hellige for Herren. Der skal aldri mere rykkes noget op eller brytes noget ned.

   

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Arcana Coelestia # 1038

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1038. That 'this is the sign of the covenant' means a token of the Lord's presence in charity is clear from the meaning of 'a covenant' and of 'the sign of a covenant'. That the covenant means the Lord's presence in charity has been shown already at Chapter 6:18, and above at verse 9 of the present chapter; and that a covenant is the Lord's presence in love and charity is clear from the very nature of a covenant. The purpose of any covenant is conjunction, that is to say, its purpose is that people may live together in friendship or in love. This also is why marriage is called a covenant. The Lord's conjunction with man does not exist except in love and charity, for the Lord is love itself and mercy. He wills to save everyone and by His mighty power to draw them towards heaven, that is, towards Himself. From this anyone may know and conclude that it is impossible for anybody to be joined to the Lord except by means of that which He Himself is, that is, except by acting like Him, or becoming one with Him - that is to say, by loving the Lord in return, and loving the neighbour as oneself. In this way alone is conjunction brought about; this constitutes the very essence of a covenant. When conjunction results from this, it quite plainly follows that the Lord is present. The Lord is indeed present with each individual, but that presence is closer or more remote, all depending on how near the person is to love or distant from it.

[2] Since 'the covenant' is the conjunction of the Lord with man by means of love, or what amounts to the same, the Lord's presence with man in love and charity, the covenant itself is called in the Word 'a covenant of peace', for 'peace' means the Lord's kingdom, and the Lord's kingdom consists in mutual love, in which alone peace resides, as is said in Isaiah,

The mountains will depart and the hills be removed, but My mercy will not depart from you, and the covenant of My peace will not be removed, said Jehovah, the One who takes pity on you. Isaiah 54:10.

Here mercy, which is an attribute of love, is called 'a covenant of peace'.

In Ezekiel,

I will raise up over them one shepherd, and He will pasture them - My servant David. He will pasture them and He will be a shepherd to them. And I will make with them a covenant of peace. Ezekiel 34:23, 25.

Here 'David' is plainly used to mean the Lord, and His presence with a regenerate person is described by the words 'He will pasture them'.

[3] In the same prophet,

My servant David will be king over them, and they will all have one shepherd. And I will make with them a covenant of peace; it will be an eternal covenant with them. And I will bless 1 them and cause them to multiply, and I will set My sanctuary in their midst for evermore. And I will be their God and they will be My people. Ezekiel 37:14, 16-17.

Here similarly the Lord is meant by David. Love is meant by the 'sanctuary in their midst', the Lord's presence and conjunction in love by the promise that 'He will be their God, and they will be His people', which is called 'a covenant of peace' and 'an eternal covenant'.

In Malachi,

You will know that I have sent this command to you, that it may be My covenant with Levi, said Jehovah Zebaoth. My covenant was with him, [a covenant] of life 2 and peace, and I have given them to him in fear, and he will fear Me. Malachi 2:4-5.

In the highest sense 'Levi' means the Lord, and from this the person who has love and charity; and this being so 'a covenant of life' and peace with Levi' means in love and charity.

[4] In Moses, in reference to Phinehas,

Behold, I am giving to him My covenant of peace, and it will be to him and his seed after him a covenant of eternal priesthood. Numbers 25:12-13.

Here 'Phinehas' is not used to mean Phinehas but the priesthood which he represented and which means love and what belongs to love, as does the entire priesthood of that Church. Everyone knows that the priesthood did not remain with Phinehas for ever.

In the same author,

Jehovah your God is God Himself, a faithful God who keeps a covenant and mercy with those who love Him, and who keep His commandments, to the thousandth generation. Deuteronomy 7:9, 12.

Here the Lord's presence with man in love is clearly meant by 'the covenant', for it is said to be 'with those who love Him and keep His commandments'.

[5] Because the covenant is the conjunction of the Lord with man by means of love, it follows that it is also achieved by means of all the things allied to love, which are the truths of faith and are called commandments. For all the commandments, indeed the Law and the Prophets, are based on that single law that men ought to love the Lord above all things and the neighbour as themselves. This is clear from the Lord's words in Matthew 22:35-40; Mark 12:28-34. This is also why the tablets on which the Ten Commandments were written are called 'the tablets of the covenant'. Since a covenant or conjunction is achieved by means of the laws or commandments of love it was also achieved by means of the social laws introduced by the Lord into the Jewish Church, which are called 'testimonies', as well as by the religious observances commanded by the Lord, which are called 'statutes'. All of these are called [laws] of the covenant because they have regard to love and charity.

As is said of King Josiah,

The king stood upon the pillar, and made a covenant before Jehovah, to walk after Jehovah, and to keep His commandments, and His testimonies, and His statutes, with all his heart, and all his soul, to establish the words of the covenant. 2 Kings 23:3.

[6] From these references it is now clear what a covenant is, and that the covenant is internal, for the conjunction of the Lord with man is achieved by means of internal things, and never by means of external things separated from internal. External things are merely images and representatives of those that are internal, as the action of a person is an image representative of his thought and will, and as a charitable act is an image representative of charity present within, in intention and mind. Thus all the religious observances of the Jewish Church were images representative of the Lord, and so of love and charity, and of all things deriving from these. It is by means of the internal things of a person therefore that the covenant or conjunction is achieved. External things are no more than signs of the covenant, which also is what they are called. That internal things are the means by which the covenant or conjunction is achieved is quite clear, as in Jeremiah,

Behold, the days are coming, says Jehovah, when I will make with the house of Israel and with the house of Judah a new covenant, not like the covenant which I made with their fathers, for they rendered My covenant invalid. But this is the covenant which I will make with the house of Israel after those days: I will put My law in the midst of them and will write it on their hearts. Jeremiah 31:31-33.

This refers to a new Church. It is plainly stated that the covenant itself is achieved by means of internal things, and indeed within conscience on which the Law is written, the whole of which Law, as stated, is that of love.

[7] That external things do not constitute the covenant unless internal things are joined to them and so through that union act as one and the same cause, but are merely 'signs of the covenant' by means of which, as by representative images, the Lord might be called to mind, is clear from the fact that the sabbath and circumcision are called 'signs' of the covenant. That the sabbath is so called is clear in Moses,

The children of Israel shall keep the sabbath, observing the sabbath throughout their generations, an eternal covenant. Between Me and the children of Israel this is a sign eternally. Exodus 31:16-17.

And that circumcision is called 'a sign of the covenant' is clear in the same author,

This is My covenant which you shall keep between Me and you and your seed after you. Every male among you is to be circumcised. And you shall circumcise the flesh of your foreskin, and it will be a sign of the covenant between Me and you. Genesis 17:10-11.

For the same reason also blood is called 'the blood of the covenant', Exodus 24:7-8.

[8] The chief reason why external religious ceremonies were called signs of the covenant was so that from them people might call interior things to mind, that is, the things meant by them. All the religious observances of the Jewish Church were nothing else. For this reason they were also called signs that would serve to remind the people of interior things - for example, the practice of binding the chief commandment on the hand and of wearing frontlets, as stated in Moses,

You shall love Jehovah your God with all your heart, and with all your soul, and with all your strength. And you shall bind these words as a sign upon your hand, and they shall be as frontlets between your eyes. Deuteronomy 6:5, 8; 11:13, 18.

Because it means power 'the hand' here means the will, for power is an attribute of the will; while 'frontlets between the eyes' means the understanding. Thus 'a sign' means calling to mind the chief commandment, or epitome of the Law, that it may be constantly in the will and constantly in the thought, that is, that the Lord and love may be present within the whole will and the whole thought. Such is the presence of the Lord and from Him of mutual love existing with angels. That constant presence and the nature of it will in the Lord's Divine mercy be discussed later on. And in like manner here the statement, 'This is the sign of the covenant which I give between Me and you; I have given My bow in the cloud, and it will be for a sign of the covenant', means no other sign than a token of the Lord's presence in charity, and so man's remembrance of Him. But in what way the bow in the cloud provides that token and so remembrance will in the Lord's Divine mercy be discussed later on.

Poznámky pod čarou:

1. literally, give

2. literally, of lives

  
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Thanks to the Swedenborg Society for the permission to use this translation.