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Esekiel 18

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1 Og Herrens ord kom til mig, og det lød så:

2 Hvorledes kan I bruke dette ordsprog i Israels land: Fedrene eter sure druer, og barnas tenner blir såre?

3 Så sant jeg lever, sier Herren, Israels Gud, I skal ikke mere bruke dette ordsprog i Israel.

4 Se, alle sjeler hører mig til, både farens sjel og sønnens sjel; mig hører de til; den som synder, han skal .

5 Og når en mann er rettferdig og gjør rett og rettferdighet,

6 ikke eter [avgudsoffer] på fjellene og ikke løfter sine øine til Israels folks motbydelige avguder og ikke krenker sin næstes hustru og ikke nærmer sig en kvinne når hun er uren,

7 og ikke undertrykker nogen, men lar skyldneren få sitt pant igjen, ikke raner og røver, men gir den hungrige sitt brød og dekker den nakne med klær,

8 ikke låner ut mot rente og ikke tar overmål, holder sin hånd tilbake fra urett, dømmer rett dom mann og mann imellem,

9 følger mine bud og holder mine lover, så han gjør det som rett og godt er - han er rettferdig, han skal visselig leve, sier Herren, Israels Gud.

10 Men får han en sønn som blir en voldsmann, som utøser blod og gjør noget som helst av dette*, / {* det som faren ikke har gjort.}

11 som ikke i noget av dette bærer sig at [som faren har gjort], men endog eter [avgudsoffer] på fjellene og krenker sin næstes hustru,

12 undertrykker den elendige og fattige, raner og røver, ikke gir pantet tilbake, løfter sine øine til de motbydelige avguder, gjør det som vederstyggelig er,

13 låner ut mot rente og tar overmål, skulde så han få leve? Nei, han skal ikke få leve! Alle disse vederstyggeligheter har han gjort; han skal visselig late livet, hans blod skal komme over ham.

14 Men får så han igjen en sønn som ser alle de synder som hans far gjør - ser dem og ikke gjør efter dem,

15 som ikke eter [avgudsoffer] på fjellene og ikke løfter sine øine til Israels folks avguder, ikke krenker sin næstes hustru,

16 ikke undertrykker nogen, ikke tar pant, ikke raner og røver, men gir den hungrige sitt brød og dekker den nakne med klær,

17 ikke forgriper sig på den elendige, ikke tar rente eller overmål, men gjør efter mine lover og følger mine bud, så skal han ikke for sin fars misgjernings skyld, han skal visselig få leve.

18 Men hans far, som har gjort voldsgjerninger, ranet og røvet fra sin bror og gjort det som ikke er godt, iblandt sitt folk, se, han skal for sin misgjernings skyld.

19 Men I sier: Hvorfor skal ikke sønnen bære farens misgjerning? - Sønnen har jo gjort rett og rettferdighet, alle mine bud har han holdt og gjort efter dem; han skal visselig leve.

20 Den som synder, han skal ; en sønn skal ikke bære sin fars misgjerning, og en far skal ikke bære sin sønns misgjerning; den rettferdiges rettferdighet skal hvile over ham, og den ugudeliges ugudelighet skal hvile over ham.

21 Men når den ugudelige vender om fra alle de synder han har gjort, og holder alle mine bud og gjør rett og rettferdighet, da skal han visselig leve - han skal ikke .

22 Ingen av de overtredelser han har gjort, skal tilregnes ham; for den rettferdighets skyld som han har gjort, skal han leve.

23 Skulde jeg ha behag i den ugudeliges død? sier Herren, Israels Gud - mon ikke heller i at han vender om fra sin vei og lever?

24 Men når en rettferdig vender om fra sin rettferdighet og gjør urett, gjør efter alle de vederstyggeligheter som den ugudelige gjør, skulde han da få leve? Ingen av de rettferdige gjerninger som han har gjort, skal tilregnes ham; for den troløshet han har vist, og for den synd han har gjort, skal han .

25 Og I sier: Herrens vei er ikke rett. Hør, du Israels hus! Er ikke min vei rett? Er det ikke eders veier som ikke er rette?

26 Når en rettferdig vender om fra sin rettferdighet og gjør urett, så skal han til straff for det; for den urett som han gjør, skal han .

27 Og når en ugudelig vender om fra sin ugudelige ferd og gjør rett og rettferdighet, da skal han berge sitt liv.

28 Han så og vendte om fra alle de overtredelser han hadde gjort; han skal visselig leve - han skal ikke .

29 Men Israels hus sier: Herrens vei er ikke rett. Er ikke mine veier rette, Israels hus? Er det ikke eders veier som ikke er rette?

30 Derfor vil jeg dømme eder, Israels hus, hver efter hans veier, sier Herren, Israels Gud. Vend om og vend eder bort fra alle eders overtredelser, forat ikke nogen misgjerning skal bli eder til fall!

31 Kast fra eder alle eders overtredelser, som I har forsyndet eder med, og få eder et nytt hjerte og en ny ånd! Hvorfor vil I , Israels hus?

32 For jeg har ikke behag i nogens død, sier Herren, Israels Gud; så omvend eder da, og I skal leve!

   

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Apocalypse Explained # 946

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946. For Thy judgments have been made manifest, signifies that Divine truths have been revealed to them. This is evident from the signification of "judgments," as being Divine truths (of which presently); also from the signification of "made manifest," as being to be revealed. That Divine truths are revealed at the end of the church, and that they have been revealed, will be shown in what follows in this chapter, because this is there treated of. "Judgments" signify Divine truths because the laws of government in the Lord's spiritual kingdom are called "judgments;" while the laws of government in His celestial kingdom are called "justice." For the laws of government in the Lord's spiritual kingdom are laws from the Divine truth; while the laws of government in the Lord's celestial kingdom are laws from the Divine good. This is why "judgment" and "justice" are mentioned in the Word, in the following passages. In Isaiah:

Of peace there shall be no end upon the throne of David, to establish it, and to uphold it in judgment and in justice from henceforth and to eternity (Isaiah 9:7).

This is said of the Lord and His kingdom. His spiritual kingdom is signified by "the throne of David;" and because this kingdom is in Divine truths from Divine good it is said, "in judgment and in justice."

In Jeremiah:

I will raise unto David a righteous Branch, and He shall reign King, and He shall act intelligently, and shall do judgment and justice (Jeremiah 23:5).

This, too, is said of the Lord, and of His spiritual kingdom. And as this kingdom is in Divine truths from Divine good it is said, "He shall reign king, and shall act intelligently, and He shall do judgment and justice." The Lord is called "King," from Divine truth; and as Divine truth is also Divine intelligence it is said that "He shall act intelligently." And as the Divine truth is from the Divine good it is said that "He shall do judgment and justice."

[2] In Isaiah:

Jehovah is exalted, for He dwelleth on high, He hath filled Zion with judgment and justice (Isaiah 33:5).

"Zion" means heaven and the church, where the Lord reigns by the Divine truth; and as all the Divine truth is from the Divine good it is said, "He hath filled Zion with judgment and justice."

In Jeremiah:

I Jehovah doing judgment and justice in the earth; for in these things I am well pleased (Jeremiah 9:24).

Here, too, "judgment and justice" signify the Divine truth from the Divine good.

In Isaiah:

They ask of me the judgments of justice, they long for an approach unto God (5 Isaiah 58:2).

The "judgments of justice" are Divine truths from the Divine good, as are "judgment and justice;" for the spiritual sense conjoins things that the sense of the letter separates.

In Hosea:

I will betroth thee unto Me forever; and I will betroth thee unto Me in justice and in judgment and in mercy and in truth (Hosea 2:19, 20).

This treats of the Lord's celestial kingdom, which consists of those who are in love to the Lord; and as the Lord's conjunction with such is comparatively like the conjunction of a husband with a wife, for so does the good of love conjoin, it is said, "I will betroth thee unto Me in justice and in judgment," "justice" being put here in the first place, and "judgment" in the second, because those who are in the good of love to the Lord are also in truths; for they see truths from good. As "justice" is predicated of good, and "judgment" of truth, it is also said, "in mercy and in truth," "mercy" belonging to good, because it is of love.

[3] In David:

Jehovah is in the heavens. Thy justice is like the mountains of God, and Thy judgments are like the great deep (Psalms 36:5-6).

"Justice" is predicated of the Divine good, and is therefore compared to "the mountains of God;" for "mountains of God" signify the goods of love (See above, n. 405, 510, 850); and "judgments" are predicated of Divine truths, and are therefore compared to "the great deep;" for "the great deep" signifies the Divine truth. From this it can now be seen that "judgments" signify Divine truths.

[4] In many passages in the Word, "judgments," "commandments," and "statutes" are mentioned; and "judgments" there signify civil laws, "commandments" the laws of spiritual life, and "statutes" the laws of worship. That "judgments" signify civil laws, is evident from Exodus (21, 22, 23), where the things commanded are called "judgments" because according to them the judges gave judgments in the gates of the city; nevertheless they signify Divine truths, such as are in the Lord's spiritual kingdom in the heavens, for they contain these in the spiritual sense; as can be (Arcana Coelestia 8971-9103) seen (Arcana Coelestia 9124-9231) from (Arcana Coelestia 9247-9348) the explanation of them in the Arcana Coelestia 8971-9103, 9124-9231, 9247-9348). That the laws given to the sons of Israel were called "judgments, "commandments," and "statutes," can be seen from the following passages.

In Moses:

I will speak unto thee all the commandments, the statutes, and the judgments, which thou shalt teach them, that they may do them (Deuteronomy 5:31).

In the same:

These are the commandments, the statutes, and the judgments, which Jehovah your God commanded to teach you (Deuteronomy 6:1).

In the same:

Therefore thou shalt keep the commandments, the statutes, and the judgments, which I command thee this day, to do them (Deuteronomy 7:11).

In David:

If his sons forsake My law and walk not in My judgments, if they profane My statutes and keep not My commandments, then will I visit their transgression with the rod (Psalms 89:30-32).

So in many other places, as Leviticus 18:5; 19:37; 20:22; 25:18; 26:15; Deuteronomy 4:1; 5:1, 6, 7; 17:19; 26:17; Ezekiel 5:6, 7; 11:12, 20; 18:9; 20:11, 13, 25; 37:24. In these passages "commandments" mean the laws of life, especially those contained in the Decalogue, which are therefore called the Ten Commandments; while "statutes" mean the laws of worship which related especially to sacrifices and holy ministrations; and "judgments" mean civil laws; and as these laws were representative of spiritual laws, they signify such Divine truths as are in the Lord's spiritual kingdom in the heavens.

[5] It follows from this that when man shuns and turns away from evils as sins and is raised up into heaven by the Lord, he is no longer in what is his own (proprium), but in the Lord, and thus he thinks and wills goods. Again, since man acts as he thinks and wills, for every act of man proceeds from the thought of his will, it follows that when he shuns and turns away from evils, he does goods from the Lord and not from self; and this is why shunning evils is doing goods. The goods that a man then does are meant by good works; and good works in their whole complex are meant by charity. Man cannot be reformed unless he thinks, wills, and does as if from himself, since that which is done as if by the man himself is conjoined to him and remains with him, while that which is not done by the man as if from himself, not being received in any life of sense, flows through like ether; and this is why the Lord wills that man should not only shun and turn away from evils as if of himself, but should also think, will, and do as if of himself, and yet acknowledge in heart, that all these things are from the Lord. This he must acknowledge because it is the truth.

  
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Thanks to the Swedenborg Foundation for their permission to use this translation.