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1 Samuel 8

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1 και-C γιγνομαι-VBI-AMI3S ως-C γηραω-VAI-AAI3S *σαμουηλ-N---NSM και-C καταιστημι-VHI-AAI3S ο- A--APM υιος-N2--APM αυτος- D--GSM δικαστης-N1M-APM ο- A--DSM *ισραηλ-N---DSM

2 και-C ουτος- D--APN ο- A--APN ονομα-N3M-APN ο- A--GPM υιος-N2--GPM αυτος- D--GSM πρωτοτοκος-A1B-NSM *ιωηλ-N---NSM και-C ονομα-N3M-NSN ο- A--GSM δευτερος-A1A-GSM *αβια-N---NSM δικαστης-N1M-NPM εν-P *βηρσαβεε-N---DS

3 και-C ου-D πορευομαι-VCI-API3P ο- A--NPM υιος-N2--NPM αυτος- D--GSM εν-P οδος-N2--DSF αυτος- D--GSM και-C εκκλινω-VAI-AAI3P οπισω-P ο- A--GSF συντελεια-N1A-GSF και-C λαμβανω-V1I-IAI3P δωρον-N2N-APN και-C εκκλινω-V1I-IAI3P δικαιωμα-N3M-APN

4 και-C συναθροιζω-V1--PMI3P ανηρ-N3--NPM *ισραηλ-N---GSM και-C παραγιγνομαι-V1--PMI3P εις-P *αρμαθαιμ-N---AS προς-P *σαμουηλ-N---ASM

5 και-C ειπον-VAI-AAI3P αυτος- D--DSM ιδου-I συ- P--NS γηρασκω-VX--XAI2S και-C ο- A--NPM υιος-N2--NPM συ- P--GS ου-D πορευομαι-V1--PMI3P εν-P ο- A--DSF οδος-N2--DSF συ- P--GS και-C νυν-D καταιστημι-VA--AAD2S επι-P εγω- P--AP βασιλευς-N3V-ASM δικαζω-V1--PAN εγω- P--AP καθα-D και-C ο- A--APN λοιπος-A1--APN εθνος-N3E-APN

6 και-C ειμι-V9--IAI3S πονηρος-A1A-ASN ο- A--ASN ρημα-N3M-ASN εν-P οφθαλμος-N2--DPM *σαμουηλ-N---GSM ως-C ειπον-VAI-AAI3P διδωμι-VO--AAD2S εγω- P--DP βασιλευς-N3V-ASM δικαζω-V1--PAN εγω- P--AP και-C προςευχομαι-VAI-AMI3S *σαμουηλ-N---NSM προς-P κυριος-N2--ASM

7 και-C ειπον-VBI-AAI3S κυριος-N2--NSM προς-P *σαμουηλ-N---ASM ακουω-V1--PAD2S ο- A--GSF φωνη-N1--GSF ο- A--GSM λαος-N2--GSM καθα-D αν-X λαλεω-VA--AAS3P συ- P--DS οτι-C ου-D συ- P--AS εκουθενεω-VX--XAI3P αλλα-C η-C εγω- P--AS εκουθενεω-VX--XAI3P ο- A--GSN μη-D βασιλευω-V1--PAN επι-P αυτος- D--GPM

8 κατα-P πας-A3--APN ο- A--APN ποιημα-N3M-APN ος- --APN ποιεω-VAI-AAI3P εγω- P--DS απο-P ος- --GSF ημερα-N1A-GSF ανααγω-VBI-AAI3P αυτος- D--APM εκ-P *αιγυπτος-N2--GSF εως-P ο- A--GSF ημερα-N1A-GSF ουτος- D--GSF και-C εν καταλειπω-VBI-AAI3P εγω- P--AS και-C δουλευω-V1I-IAI3P θεος-N2--DPM ετερος-A1A-DPM ουτως-D αυτος- D--NPM ποιεω-V2--PAI3P και-C συ- P--DS

9 και-C νυν-D ακουω-V1--PAD2S ο- A--GSF φωνη-N1--GSF αυτος- D--GPM πλην-D οτι-C διαμαρτυρομαι-V1--PMPNSM διαμαρτυρομαι-V1--PMS2S αυτος- D--DPM και-C αποαγγελλω-VF2-FAI2S αυτος- D--DPM ο- A--ASN δικαιωμα-N3M-ASN ο- A--GSM βασιλευς-N3V-GSM ος- --NSM βασιλευω-VF--FAI3S επι-P αυτος- D--APM

10 και-C ειπον-VBI-AAI3S *σαμουηλ-N---NSM πας-A3--ASN ο- A--ASN ρημα-N3M-ASN κυριος-N2--GSM προς-P ο- A--ASM λαος-N2--ASM ο- A--APM αιτεω-V2--PAPAPM παρα-P αυτος- D--GSM βασιλευς-N3V-ASM

11 και-C ειπον-VBI-AAI3S ουτος- D--NSN ειμι-VF--FMI3S ο- A--ASN δικαιωμα-N3M-ASN ο- A--GSM βασιλευς-N3V-GSM ος- --NSM βασιλευω-VF--FAI3S επι-P συ- P--AP ο- A--APM υιος-N2--APM συ- P--GP λαμβανω-VF--FMI3S και-C τιθημι-VF--FMI3S αυτος- D--APM εν-P αρμα-N3M-DPN αυτος- D--GSM και-C ιππευς-N3V-DPM αυτος- D--GSM και-C προτρεχω-V1--PAPAPM ο- A--GPN αρμα-N3M-GPN αυτος- D--GSM

12 και-C τιθημι-VE--AMN αυτος- D--APM εαυτου- D--DSM χιλιαρχος-N2--APM και-C εκατονταρχος-N2--APM και-C θεριζω-V1--PAN θερισμος-N2--ASM αυτος- D--GSM και-C τρυγαω-V3--PAN τρυγητος-N2--ASM αυτος- D--GSM και-C ποιεω-V2--PAN σκευος-N3E-APN πολεμικος-A1--APN αυτος- D--GSM και-C σκευος-N3E-APN αρμα-N3M-GPN αυτος- D--GSM

13 και-C ο- A--APF θυγατηρ-N3--APF συ- P--GP λαμβανω-VF--FMI3S εις-P μυρεψος-N2--APM και-C εις-P μαγειρισσα-N1A-APF και-C εις-P πεσσω-V1--PAPAPF

14 και-C ο- A--APM αγρος-N2--APM συ- P--GP και-C ο- A--APM αμπελων-N3W-APM συ- P--GP και-C ο- A--APM ελαιων-N3W-APM συ- P--GP ο- A--APM αγαθος-A1--APM λαμβανω-VF--FMI3S και-C διδωμι-VF--FAI3S ο- A--DPM δουλος-N2--DPM αυτος- D--GSM

15 και-C ο- A--APN σπερμα-N3M-APN συ- P--GP και-C ο- A--APM αμπελων-N3W-APM συ- P--GP αποδεκατοω-VF--FAI3S και-C διδωμι-VF--FAI3S ο- A--DPM ευνουχος-N2--DPM αυτος- D--GSM και-C ο- A--DPM δουλος-N2--DPM αυτος- D--GSM

16 και-C ο- A--APM δουλος-N2--APM συ- P--GP και-C ο- A--APF δουλη-N1--APF συ- P--GP και-C ο- A--APN βουκολιον-N2N-APN συ- P--GP ο- A--APN αγαθος-A1--APN και-C ο- A--APM ονος-N2--APF συ- P--GP λαμβανω-VF--FMI3S και-C αποδεκατοω-VF--FAI3S εις-P ο- A--APN εργον-N2N-APN αυτος- D--GSM

17 και-C ο- A--APN ποιμνιον-N2N-APN συ- P--GP αποδεκατοω-VF--FAI3S και-C συ- P--NP ειμι-VF--FMI2P αυτος- D--DSM δουλος-N2--NPM

18 και-C βοαω-VF--FMI2P εν-P ο- A--DSF ημερα-N1A-DSF εκεινος- D--DSF εκ-P προσωπον-N2N-GSN βασιλευς-N3V-GSM συ- P--GP ος- --GSM εκλεγω-VAI-AMI2P εαυτου- D--DPM και-C ου-D επιακουω-VF--FMI3S κυριος-N2--NSM συ- P--GP εν-P ο- A--DPF ημερα-N1A-DPF εκεινος- D--DPF οτι-C συ- P--NP εκλεγω-VAI-AMI2P εαυτου- D--DPM βασιλευς-N3V-ASM

19 και-C ου-D αβουλεω-V2I-IAI3S ο- A--NSM λαος-N2--NSM ακουω-VA--AAN ο- A--GSM *σαμουηλ-N---GSM και-C ειπον-VAI-AAI3P αυτος- D--DSM ου-D αλλα-C η-C βασιλευς-N3V-NSM ειμι-VF--FMI3S επι-P εγω- P--AP

20 και-C ειμι-VF--FMI1P και-C εγω- P--NP κατα-P πας-A3--APN ο- A--APN εθνος-N3E-APN και-C δικαζω-VF--FAI3S εγω- P--AP βασιλευς-N3V-NSM εγω- P--GP και-C εκερχομαι-VF--FMI3S εμπροσθεν-P εγω- P--GP και-C πολεμεω-VF--FAI3S ο- A--ASM πολεμος-N2--ASM εγω- P--GP

21 και-C ακουω-VAI-AAI3S *σαμουηλ-N---NSM πας-A3--APM ο- A--APM λογος-N2--APM ο- A--GSM λαος-N2--GSM και-C λαλεω-VAI-AAI3S αυτος- D--APM εις-P ο- A--APN ους-N3T-APN κυριος-N2--GSM

22 και-C ειπον-VBI-AAI3S κυριος-N2--NSM προς-P *σαμουηλ-N---ASM ακουω-V1--PAD2S ο- A--GSF φωνη-N1--GSF αυτος- D--GPM και-C βασιλευω-VA--AAD2S αυτος- D--DPM βασιλευς-N3V-ASM και-C ειπον-VBI-AAI3S *σαμουηλ-N---NSM προς-P ανηρ-N3--APM *ισραηλ-N---GSM αποτρεχω-V1--PAD2S εκαστος-A1--NSM εις-P ο- A--ASF πολις-N3I-ASF αυτος- D--GSM

   

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Exploring the Meaning of 1 Samuel 8

Napsal(a) Garry Walsh

This chapter marks a historic turning point for the Children of Israel. Since their escape from Egypt some four hundred years earlier, the Lord Jehovah, through Moses, and Joshua, and then a series of judges, had directly ruled the people. Now, though, the people pleaded that they might instead have a king like other nations. In a sense, they wanted to be led by human nature, not by God's law and the prophets.

Samuel had grown old, and his sons, Joel and Abiah, had become judges over Israel. However, they took bribes and this influenced their judgments. This is like the corruption of the High Priest Eli’s sons, described in 1 Samuel 2, and also similar to the misbehavior of two of Aaron's sons, Nadab and Abihu, in Leviticus 10. The corruption of Samuel’s sons, as judges over Israel, was what spurred the Israelites to ask for a king.

Samuel prayed to the Lord, asking what he should do about the people’s demand for a king. The Lord assured him that the request came not because he, Samuel, had been rejected. Instead, it was the Lord Himself whom the people of Israel had rejected. The Lord sent a warning through Samuel to the people about what a king would be like. Samuel told them of the personal and financial cost that would come with having a king. The king would use a substantial portion of the land’s resources, and take the best for himself. Having a king would also mean that they were rejecting the Lord’s direct leadership, so they would be unable to call on His help in the way that they had in the past. The people heard the warning, but still did not change their minds.

There are two ways the Lord judges us. One way is through love or goodness. The other is through truth. In other words, our lives can be judged according to the type of love that exists in our hearts and that we show to others. We will make mistakes, but it is our intent that matters most. Judgment according to truth, by comparison, is somewhat cold. We either obey the law or we don’t. The two, love and truth, should exist together. Intentions should be considered together with what we actually do. From this time in Israelite history, the role of priest, representing judgment from goodness or love, was separated from the role of king, representing judgment by truth. They denied themselves the opportunity to be ruled by love and left themselves to be ruled by the cold letter of the law. (See Arcana Coelestia 6148 [3, 5, 6].)

Swedenborg also discusses this concept as follows:

"In the Word a careful distinction is made between people and nation, 'people' meaning truths, 'nation' goods, as shown already in 1259, 1260. Kings have reference to peoples, and not so much to nations. The children of Israel, before they sought to have kings, were 'a nation' and represented good, or that which is celestial; but after they desired a king and received one, they became 'a people' and represented not good or that which is celestial, but truth or that which is spiritual...." (Arcana Coelestia 1672)

This further supports the idea that they began to separate judgement by truth and judgement by love, choosing only truth, or the law, as represented by a king.

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