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Ezekiel 27

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1 καί-C γίγνομαι-VBI-AMI3S λόγος-N2--NSM κύριος-N2--GSM πρός-P ἐγώ- P--AS λέγω-V1--PAPNSM

2 υἱός-N2--VSM ἄνθρωπος-N2--GSM λαμβάνω-VB--AAD2S ἐπί-P *σορ-N---ASF θρῆνος-N2--ASM

3 καί-C εἶπον-VF2-FAI2S ὁ- A--DSF *σορ-N---DSF ὁ- A--DSF καταοἰκέω-V2--PAPDSF ἐπί-P ὁ- A--GSF εἴσοδος-N2--GSF ὁ- A--GSF θάλασσα-N1S-GSF ὁ- A--DSN ἐμπόριον-N2N-DSN ὁ- A--GPM λαός-N2--GPM ἀπό-P νήσος-N2--GPF πολύς-A1--GPF ὅδε- D--APN λέγω-V1--PAI3S κύριος-N2--NSM ὁ- A--DSF *σορ-N---DSF σύ- P--NS εἶπον-VAI-AAI2S ἐγώ- P--NS περιτίθημι-VAI-AAI1S ἐμαυτοῦ- D--DSF κάλλος-N3E-ASN ἐγώ- P--GS

4 ἐν-P καρδία-N1A-DSF θάλασσα-N1S-GSF ὁ- A--DSM *βεελιμ-N---DSM υἱός-N2--NPM σύ- P--GS περιτίθημι-VAI-AAI3P σύ- P--DS κάλλος-N3E-ASN

5 κέδρος-N2--NSF ἐκ-P *σανιρ-N---GS οἰκοδομέω-VCI-API3S σύ- P--DS ταινία-N1A-NPF σανίδος-N3D-GPF κυπάρισσος-N2--GSF ἐκ-P ὁ- A--GSM *λίβανος-N2--GSM λαμβάνω-VVI-API3P ὁ- A--GSN ποιέω-VA--AAN σύ- P--DS ἱστός-N2--APM ἐλάτινος-A1--APM

6 ἐκ-P ὁ- A--GSF *βασανίτις-N3D-GSF ποιέω-VAI-AAI3P ὁ- A--APF κώπη-N1--APF σύ- P--GS ὁ- A--APN ἱερός-A1A-APN σύ- P--GS ποιέω-VAI-AAI3P ἐκ-P ἔλεφας-N3--GSM οἶκος-N2--APM ἀλσώδης-A3H-APM ἀπό-P νήσος-N2--GPF ὁ- A--GPM *χεττιιν-N---GPM

7 βύσσος-N2--NSF μετά-P ποικιλία-N1A-GSF ἐκ-P *αἴγυπτος-N2--GSF γίγνομαι-VBI-AMI3S σύ- P--DS στρωμνή-N1--NSF ὁ- A--GSN περιτίθημι-VE--AAN σύ- P--DS δόξα-N1S-ASF καί-C περιβάλλω-VF2-FAN σύ- P--AS ὑάκινθος-N2--ASF καί-C πορφύρα-N1A-ASF ἐκ-P ὁ- A--GPF νήσος-N2--GPF *ελισαι-N---GS καί-C γίγνομαι-VBI-AMI3S περιβόλαιον-N2N-NPN σύ- P--GS

8 καί-C ὁ- A--NPM ἄρχων-N3--NPM σύ- P--GS ὁ- A--NPM καταοἰκέω-V2--PAPNPM *σιδών-N---ASF καί-C *αράδιος-N2--NPM γίγνομαι-VBI-AMI3P κωπηλάτης-N1M-NPM σύ- P--GS ὁ- A--NPM σοφός-A1--NPM σύ- P--GS *σορ-N---VSF ὅς- --NPM εἰμί-V9--IAI3P ἐν-P σύ- P--DS οὗτος- D--NPM κυβερνήτης-N1M-NPM σύ- P--GS

9 ὁ- A--NPM πρεσβύτερος-A1A-NPMC *βύβλιοι-N---GP καί-C ὁ- A--NPM σοφός-A1--NPM αὐτός- D--GPM εἰμί-V9--IAI3P ἐν-P σύ- P--DS οὗτος- D--NPM ἐνἰσχύω-V1--IAI3P ὁ- A--ASF βουλή-N1--ASF σύ- P--GS καί-C πᾶς-A3--NPN ὁ- A--NPN πλοῖον-N2N-NPN ὁ- A--GSF θάλασσα-N1S-GSF καί-C ὁ- A--NPM κωπηλάτης-N1M-NPM αὐτός- D--GPM γίγνομαι-VBI-AMI3P σύ- P--DS ἐπί-P δυσμή-N1--APF δυσμή-N1--GPF

10 *πέρσης-N1M-NPM καί-C *λυδοί-N2--NPM καί-C *λίβυες-N3--NPM εἰμί-V9--IAI3P ἐν-P ὁ- A--DSF δύναμις-N3I-DSF σύ- P--GS ἀνήρ-N3--NPM πολεμιστής-N1--NPM σύ- P--GS πέλτη-N1--APF καί-C περικεφαλαία-N1A-APF κρεμάζω-VAI-AAI3P ἐν-P σύ- P--DS οὗτος- D--NPM δίδωμι-VAI-AAI3P ὁ- A--ASF δόξα-N1S-ASF σύ- P--GS

11 υἱός-N2--NPM *αράδιος-N2--GPM καί-C ὁ- A--NSF δύναμις-N3I-NSF σύ- P--GS ἐπί-P ὁ- A--GPN τεῖχος-N3E-GPN σύ- P--GS φύλαξ-N3K-NPM ἐν-P ὁ- A--DPM πύργος-N2--DPM σύ- P--GS εἰμί-V9--IAI3P ὁ- A--APF φαρέτρα-N1A-APF αὐτός- D--GPM κρεμάζω-VAI-AAI3P ἐπί-P ὁ- A--GPF ὁρμή-N1--GPF σύ- P--GS κύκλος-N2--DSM οὗτος- D--NPM τελειόω-VAI-AAI3P σύ- P--GS ὁ- A--ASN κάλλος-N3E-ASN

12 *καρχηδόνιοι-N---NPM ἔμπορος-N2--NPM σύ- P--GS ἀπό-P πλῆθος-N3E-GSN πᾶς-A1S-GSF ἰσχύς-N3U-GSF σύ- P--GS ἀργύριον-N2N-ASN καί-C χρυσίον-N2N-ASN καί-C σίδηρος-N2--ASM καί-C κασσίτερος-N2--ASM καί-C μόλιβος-N2--ASM δίδωμι-VAI-AAI3P ὁ- A--ASF ἀγορά-N1A-ASF σύ- P--GS

13 ὁ- A--NSF *ἑλλάς-N3--NSF καί-C ὁ- A--NSF σύμπας-A1S-NSF καί-C ὁ- A--NPN παρατείνω-V1--PAPNPN οὗτος- D--NPM ἐνπορεύομαι-V1I-IMI3P σύ- P--DS ἐν-P ψυχή-N1--DPF ἄνθρωπος-N2--GPM καί-C σκεῦος-N3E-APN χαλκοῦς-A1C-APN δίδωμι-VAI-AAI3P ὁ- A--ASF ἐμπορία-N1A-ASF σύ- P--GS

14 ἐκ-P οἶκος-N2--GSM *θεργαμα-N---GS ἵππος-N2--APM καί-C ἱππεύς-N3V-APM δίδωμι-VAI-AAI3P ἀγορά-N1A-ASF σύ- P--GS

15 υἱός-N2--NPM *ῥόδιοι-N2--GPM ἔμπορος-N2--NPM σύ- P--GS ἀπό-P νήσος-N2--GPF πληθύνω-VAI-AAI3P ὁ- A--ASF ἐμπορία-N1A-ASF σύ- P--GS ὀδούς-N3--APM ἐλεφάντινος-A1--APM καί-C ὁ- A--DPM εἰςἄγω-V1--PMPDPM ἀντιδίδωμι-V8I-IAI2S ὁ- A--APM μισθός-N2--APM σύ- P--GS

16 ἄνθρωπος-N2--APM ἐμπορία-N1A-ASF σύ- P--GS ἀπό-P πλῆθος-N3E-GSN ὁ- A--GSM συμμικτός-A1B-GSM σύ- P--GS στακτή-N1--ASF καί-C ποίκιλμα-N3M-APN ἐκ-P *θαρσις-N---GS καί-C *ραμωθ-N---N καί-C *χορχορ-N---N δίδωμι-VAI-AAI3P ὁ- A--ASF ἀγορά-N1A-ASF σύ- P--GS

17 *ἰούδας-N1T-NSM καί-C ὁ- A--NPM υἱός-N2--NPM ὁ- A--GSM *ἰσραήλ-N---GSM οὗτος- D--NPM ἔμπορος-N2--NPM σύ- P--GS ἐν-P σῖτος-N2--GSM πρᾶσις-N3E-DSF καί-C μύρον-N2N-GPN καί-C κασία-N1A-GSF καί-C πρῶτος-A1--ASNS μέλι-N3--ASN καί-C ἔλαιον-N2N-ASN καί-C ῥητίνη-N1--ASF δίδωμι-VAI-AAI3P εἰς-P ὁ- A--ASM συμμικτός-A1B-ASM σύ- P--GS

18 *δαμασκός-N2--NS ἔμπορος-N2--NSM σύ- P--GS ἐκ-P πλῆθος-N3E-GSN πᾶς-A1S-GSF δύναμις-N3I-GSF σύ- P--GS οἶνος-N2--NSM ἐκ-P *χελβων-N---G καί-C ἔριον-N2N-APN ἐκ-P *μίλητος-N2--GS

19 καί-C οἶνος-N2--ASM εἰς-P ὁ- A--ASF ἀγορά-N1A-ASF σύ- P--GS δίδωμι-VAI-AAI3P ἐκ-P *ασηλ-N---GS σίδηρος-N2--NSM ἐργάζομαι-VT--XMPNSM καί-C τροχός-N2--NSM ἐν-P ὁ- A--DSM συμμικτός-A1B-DSM σύ- P--GS εἰμί-V9--PAI3S

20 *δαιδαν-N---NS ἔμπορος-N2--NPM σύ- P--GS μετά-P κτῆνος-N3E-GPN ἐκλεκτός-A1--GPN εἰς-P ἅρμα-N3M-APN

21 ὁ- A--NSF *ἀραβία-N1A-NSF καί-C πᾶς-A3--NPM ὁ- A--NPM ἄρχων-N3--NPM *κηδαρ-N---GS οὗτος- D--NPM ἔμπορος-N2--NPM σύ- P--GS διά-P χείρ-N3--GSF σύ- P--GS κάμηλος-N2--APM καί-C κριός-N2--APM καί-C ἀμνός-N2--APM ἐν-P ὅς- --DPM ἐνπορεύομαι-V1--PMI3P σύ- P--AS

22 ἔμπορος-N2--NPM *σαβα-N---GS καί-C *ραγμα-N---GS οὗτος- D--NPM ἔμπορος-N2--NPM σύ- P--GS μετά-P πρῶτος-A1--GPNS ἥδυσμα-N3M-GPN καί-C λίθος-N2--GPM χρηστός-A1--GPM καί-C χρυσίον-N2N-ASN δίδωμι-VAI-AAI3P ὁ- A--ASF ἀγορά-N1A-ASF σύ- P--GS

23 *χαρραν-N---NS καί-C *χαννα-N---NS οὗτος- D--NPM ἔμπορος-N2--NPM σύ- P--GS *ασσουρ-N---NS καί-C *χαρμαν-N---NS ἔμπορος-N2--NPM σύ- P--GS

24 φέρω-V1--PAPNPM ἐμπορία-N1A-ASF ὑάκινθος-N2--ASF καί-C θησαυρός-N2--APM ἐκλεκτός-A1--APM δέω-VM--XMPAPM σχοινίον-N2N-DPN καί-C κυπαρίσσινος-A1--APN

25 πλοῖον-N2N-NPN ἐν-P αὐτός- D--DPM *καρχηδόνιοι-N---NPM ἔμπορος-N2--NPM σύ- P--GS ἐν-P ὁ- A--DSN πλῆθος-N3E-DSN ἐν-P ὁ- A--DSM συμμικτός-A1B-DSM σύ- P--GS καί-C ἐνπίμπλημι-VSI-API2S καί-C βαρύνω-VCI-API2S σφόδρα-D ἐν-P καρδία-N1A-DSF θάλασσα-N1S-GSF

26 ἐν-P ὕδωρ-N3T-DSN πολύς-A1--DSN ἄγω-V1I-IAI3P σύ- P--AS ὁ- A--NPM κωπηλάτης-N1M-NPM σύ- P--GS ὁ- A--NSN πνεῦμα-N3M-NSN ὁ- A--GSM νότος-N2--GSM συντρίβω-VAI-AAI3S σύ- P--AS ἐν-P καρδία-N1A-DSF θάλασσα-N1S-GSF

27 εἰμί-V9--IAI3P δύναμις-N3I-NPF σύ- P--GS καί-C ὁ- A--NSM μισθός-N2--NSM σύ- P--GS καί-C ὁ- A--GPM συμμικτός-A1B-GPM σύ- P--GS καί-C ὁ- A--NPM κωπηλάτης-N1M-NPM σύ- P--GS καί-C ὁ- A--NPM κυβερνήτης-N1M-NPM σύ- P--GS καί-C ὁ- A--NPM σύμβουλος-N2--NPM σύ- P--GS καί-C ὁ- A--NPM συμμικτός-A1B-NPM σύ- P--GS ἐκ-P ὁ- A--GPM συμμικτός-A1B-GPM σύ- P--GS καί-C πᾶς-A3--NPM ὁ- A--NPM ἀνήρ-N3--NPM ὁ- A--NPM πολεμιστής-N1--NPM σύ- P--GS ὁ- A--NPM ἐν-P σύ- P--DS καί-C πᾶς-A1S-NSF ὁ- A--NSF συναγωγή-N1--NSF σύ- P--GS ἐν-P μέσος-A1--DSM σύ- P--GS πίπτω-VF2-FMI3P ἐν-P καρδία-N1A-DSF θάλασσα-N1S-GSF ἐν-P ὁ- A--DSF ἡμέρα-N1A-DSF ὁ- A--GSF πτῶσις-N3I-GSF σύ- P--GS

28 πρός-P ὁ- A--ASF φωνή-N1--ASF ὁ- A--GSF κραυγή-N1--GSF σύ- P--GS ὁ- A--NPM κυβερνήτης-N1M-NPM σύ- P--GS φόβος-N2--DSM φοβέω-VC--FPI3P

29 καί-C καταβαίνω-VF--FMI3P ἀπό-P ὁ- A--GPN πλοῖον-N2N-GPN πᾶς-A3--NPM ὁ- A--NPM κωπηλάτης-N1M-NPM σύ- P--GS καί-C ὁ- A--NPM ἐπιβάτης-N1M-NPM καί-C ὁ- A--NPM πρωρεύς-N3V-NPM ὁ- A--GSF θάλασσα-N1S-GSF ἐπί-P ὁ- A--ASF γῆ-N1--ASF ἵστημι-VF--FMI3P

30 καί-C ἀλαλάζω-VF--FAI3P ἐπί-P σύ- P--AS ὁ- A--DSF φωνή-N1--DSF αὐτός- D--GPM καί-C κράζω-VFX-FMI3P πικρός-A1A-ASM καί-C ἐπιτίθημι-VF--FAI3P ἐπί-P ὁ- A--ASF κεφαλή-N1--ASF αὐτός- D--GPM γῆ-N1--ASF καί-C σποδός-N2--ASF ὑποστρωννύω-VF--FMI3P

32 καί-C λαμβάνω-VF--FMI3P ὁ- A--NPM υἱός-N2--NPM αὐτός- D--GPM ἐπί-P σύ- P--AS θρῆνος-N2--ASM καί-C θρήνημα-N3M-ASN σύ- P--DS

33 πόσος-A1--ASM τις- I--ASM εὑρίσκω-VB--AAI2S μισθός-N2--ASM ἀπό-P ὁ- A--GSF θάλασσα-N1S-GSF ἐνπίμπλημι-VAI-AAI2S ἔθνος-N3E-APN ἀπό-P ὁ- A--GSN πλῆθος-N3E-GSN σύ- P--GS καί-C ἀπό-P ὁ- A--GSM συμμικτός-A1B-GSM σύ- P--GS πλουτίζω-VAI-AAI2S πᾶς-A3--APM βασιλεύς-N3V-APM ὁ- A--GSF γῆ-N1--GSF

34 νῦν-D συντρίβω-VDI-API2S ἐν-P θάλασσα-N1S-DSF ἐν-P βαθύς-A3U-DSM ὕδωρ-N3T-GSN ὁ- A--NSM συμμικτός-A1B-NSM σύ- P--GS καί-C πᾶς-A1S-NSF ὁ- A--NSF συναγωγή-N1--NSF σύ- P--GS ἐν-P μέσος-A1--DSM σύ- P--GS πίπτω-VBI-AAI3P πᾶς-A3--NPM ὁ- A--NPM κωπηλάτης-N1M-NPM σύ- P--GS

35 πᾶς-A3--NPM ὁ- A--NPM καταοἰκέω-V2--PAPNPM ὁ- A--APF νήσος-N2--APF στυγνάζω-VAI-AAI3P ἐπί-P σύ- P--AS καί-C ὁ- A--NPM βασιλεύς-N3V-NPM αὐτός- D--GPM ἔκστασις-N3I-DSF ἐκἵστημι-VHI-AAI3P καί-C δακρύω-VAI-AAI3S ὁ- A--ASN πρόσωπον-N2N-ASN αὐτός- D--GPM

36 ἔμπορος-N2--NPM ἀπό-P ἔθνος-N3E-GPN συρίζω-VAI-AAI3P σύ- P--AS ἀπώλεια-N1A-NSF γίγνομαι-VBI-AMI2S καί-C οὐκέτι-D εἰμί-VF--FMI2S εἰς-P ὁ- A--ASM αἰών-N3W-ASM

   

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Apocalypse Explained # 1175

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1175. Verse 19. And they cast dust upon their heads and cried out weeping, and mourning, signifies grief and confession that by a life according to that religious persuasion and its doctrine they were condemned. This is evident from the signification of "to cast dust upon the head," as being to mourn because they were condemned (it follows as a consequence that it was on account of life according to that religious persuasion and its doctrine); also from the signification of "to cry out weeping and mourning," as being grief that they were condemned by such a life, "to cry out" having reference to doctrine, and "to weep and mourn" signifying grief of soul and heart (as above, n. 1164. "To cast dust upon the heads" means mourning on account of condemnation, because "dust" signifies what is condemned, and "head" the man himself. "Dust" signifies what is condemned, because the hells are beneath and the heavens are above, and from the hells falsity from evil unceasingly breathes forth, consequently the dust over them signifies what is condemned (See also above, n. 742. Because of this signification of "dust" it was a custom in the representative churches to cast dust upon their heads when they had done evil and had repented of it, thus giving proof of their repentance.

[2] That this was so can be seen from the following passages. In Ezekiel:

They shall cry bitterly and shall cast up dust upon their heads, they shall roll themselves in ashes (Ezekiel 27:30).

"To cast up dust upon their heads" signifies mourning because of condemnation, and "to roll themselves in ashes" signifies still deeper mourning, for "ashes" signify what is condemned, because the fire from which they come signifies infernal love. In Lamentations:

The elders of the daughter of Zion sit upon the earth, they keep silence, they have cast up dust upon their heads; the virgins of Jerusalem hang down their heads to the earth (Lamentations 2:10).

By such things grief and mourning because of evils and falsities of which they repented, and thus confession that they were condemned, were represented. "Daughter of Zion" signifies the church, and "virgins of Jerusalem" signify truths of doctrine; "to sit upon the earth and keep silence" signifies grief of mind; "to cast dust upon the head" signifies confession that they were condemned, and "to hang down the head to the earth" signifies confession that they were in hell. In Job:

The friends of Job rent everyone his mantle, and sprinkled dust upon their heads toward heaven (Job 2:12).

"To sprinkle dust upon the head towards heaven" signifies mourning on account of Job, who seemed to be condemned. Mourning on account of condemnation of evil is signified by "dust upon the head," and "rending the mantle" signifies mourning on account of condemnation of falsity. The same is signified by:

Rolling themselves in the dust (Micah 1:10).

That repentance was thus represented is evident in Job:

I repent upon dust and upon ashes (Job 42:6).

Because "dust" signifies condemnation, it was said to the serpent:

Upon the belly shalt thou go, and dust shalt thou eat all the days of thy life (Genesis 3:14).

The "serpent" signifies infernal evil with those who pervert the truths of the Word, and thereby deceive artfully and craftily. So in Isaiah:

Dust shall be the serpent's bread (Isaiah 65:25).

From all this it is clear that "dust" signifies what is condemned, and that "to cast dust upon the head" is a testification of condemnation.

(Continuation)

[3] All this having been premised it shall now be told what affection is, and afterwards why man is led by the Lord by means of affections and not by means of thoughts, and lastly that man can be saved in no other way.

What affection is. The same is meant by affection as by love. But love is like a fountain and affections are like the streams therefrom, thus affections are continuations of love. Love as a fountain is in the will of man; affections, which are streams from it, flow by continuity into the understanding, and there by means of light from truths produce thoughts, just as the influences of heat in a garden produce germinations by means of rays of light. Moreover, love in its origin is the heat of heaven, and truths in their origin are the rays of light of heaven, and thoughts are germinations from their marriage.

From such a marriage are all the societies of heaven, which are innumerable, which in their essence are affections; for they are from the heat that is love and from the wisdom that is light from the Lord as a sun. Therefore these societies, as heat in them is united to light, and light is united to heat, are affections of good and truth. From this are the thoughts of all in these societies. This makes clear that the societies of heaven are not thoughts but affections, consequently to be led by means of these societies is to be led by means of affections, that is, to be led by means of affections is to be led by means of societies; and for this reason in what now follows the term affections will be used in place of societies.

[4] Why man is led by the Lord by means of affections and not by means of thoughts shall now be told. When man is led by the Lord by means of affections he can be led according to all the laws of His Divine providence, but not if he should be led by means of thoughts. Affections do not become evident to man, but thoughts do; also affections produce thoughts, but thoughts do not produce affections; there is an appearance that they do, but it is a fallacy. And when affections produce thoughts they produce all things of man, because these constitute his life. Moreover, this is known in the world. If you hold a man in his affection you hold him bound, and lead him wherever you please, and a single reason is then stronger than a thousand. But if you do not hold man in his affection reasons are of no avail, for his affection, when not in harmony with them, either perverts them or rejects them or extinguishes them. It would be similar if the Lord should lead man by means of thoughts immediately, and not by means of affections.

Again, when a man is led by the Lord by means of affections, it seems to him as if he thought freely as if of himself, and spoke freely and acted freely as if of himself. And this is why the Lord does not teach man immediately, but mediately by means of the Word, and by means of doctrines and preachings from the Word, and by means of conversations and interaction with others; for from these things man thinks freely as if of himself.

[5] In no other way can man be saved. This follows both from what has been said about the laws of the Divine providence and also from this, that thoughts do not produce affections in man. For if man knew all things of the Word, and all things of doctrine, even to the arcana of wisdom that the angels possess, and thought and spoke about them, so long as his affections were lusts of evil he could not be brought out of hell by the Lord. Evidently, then, if man were to be taught from heaven by an influx into his thoughts it would be like casting seed upon the way, or into water, or into snow, or into fire.

  
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Thanks to the Swedenborg Foundation for their permission to use this translation.