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Deuteronomy 19

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1 ἐάν-C δέ-X ἀπο ἀναἵζω-VA--AAS3S κύριος-N2--NSM ὁ- A--NSM θεός-N2--NSM σύ- P--GS ὁ- A--APN ἔθνος-N3E-APN ὅς- --APN ὁ- A--NSM θεός-N2--NSM σύ- P--GS δίδωμι-V8--PAI3S σύ- P--DS ὁ- A--ASF γῆ-N1--ASF αὐτός- D--GPM καί-C κατακληρονομέω-VA--AAS2P αὐτός- D--APM καί-C καταοἰκέω-VA--AAS2P ἐν-P ὁ- A--DPF πόλις-N3I-DPF αὐτός- D--GPM καί-C ἐν-P ὁ- A--DPM οἶκος-N2--DPM αὐτός- D--GPM

2 τρεῖς-A3--NPF πόλις-N3I-NPF διαστέλλω-VF2-FAI2S σεαυτοῦ- D--DSM ἐν-P μέσος-A1--DSM ὁ- A--GSF γῆ-N1--GSF σύ- P--GS ὅς- --GSF κύριος-N2--NSM ὁ- A--NSM θεός-N2--NSM σύ- P--GS δίδωμι-V8--PAI3S σύ- P--DS

3 στοχάζω-VA--AAN σύ- P--DS ὁ- A--ASF ὁδός-N2--ASF καί-C τριμερίζω-VF--FAI2S ὁ- A--APN ὅριον-N2N-APN ὁ- A--GSF γῆ-N1--GSF σύ- P--GS ὅς- --ASF καταμερίζω-V1--PAI3S σύ- P--DS κύριος-N2--NSM ὁ- A--NSM θεός-N2--NSM σύ- P--GS καί-C εἰμί-VF--FMI3S καταφυγή-N1--NSF ἐκεῖ-D πᾶς-A3--DSM φονευτής-N1M-DSM

4 οὗτος- D--ASN δέ-X εἰμί-VF--FMI3S ὁ- A--ASN πρόσταγμα-N3M-ASN ὁ- A--GSM φονευτής-N1M-GSM ὅς- --NSM ἄν-X φεύγω-VB--AAS3S ἐκεῖ-D καί-C ζάω-VF--FMI3S ὅς- --NSM ἄν-X πατάσσω-VA--AAS3S ὁ- A--ASM πλησίον-D αὐτός- D--GSM ἀκουσίως-D καί-C οὗτος- D--NSM οὐ-D μισέω-V2--PAPNSM αὐτός- D--ASM πρό-P ὁ- A--GSF χθές-D καί-C πρό-P ὁ- A--GSF τρίτος-A1--GSF

5 καί-C ὅς- --NSM ἄν-X εἰςἔρχομαι-VB--AAS3S μετά-P ὁ- A--GSM πλησίον-D εἰς-P ὁ- A--ASM δρυμός-N2--ASM συνἄγω-VB--AAN ξύλον-N2N-APN καί-C ἐκκρούω-VS--APS3S ὁ- A--NSF χείρ-N3--NSF αὐτός- D--GSM ὁ- A--DSF ἀξίνη-N1--ASF κόπτω-V1--PAPGSM ὁ- A--ASN ξύλον-N2N-ASN καί-C ἐκπίπτω-VF--FAPASN ὁ- A--ASN σιδήριον-N2N-ASN ἀπό-P ὁ- A--GSN ξύλον-N2N-GSN τύχη-N1--DSF ὁ- A--GSM πλησίον-D καί-C ἀποθνήσκω-VB--AAS3S οὗτος- D--NSM καταφεύγω-VF--FMI3S εἰς-P εἷς-A1A-ASF ὁ- A--GPF πόλις-N3I-GPF οὗτος- D--GPF καί-C ζάω-VF--FMI3S

6 ἵνα-C μή-D διώκω-VA--AAPNSM ὁ- A--NSM ἀγχιστεύω-V1--PAPNSM ὁ- A--GSN αἷμα-N3M-GSN ὀπίσω-P ὁ- A--GSM φονεύω-VA--AAPGSM ὅτι-C παραθερμαίνω-VX--XMI3P ὁ- A--DSF καρδία-N1A-DSF καί-C καταλαμβάνω-VB--AAS3S αὐτός- D--ASM ἐάν-C μακρός-A1A-NSF εἰμί-V9--PAS3S ὁ- A--NSF ὁδός-N2--NSF καί-C πατάσσω-VA--AAS3S αὐτός- D--GSM ὁ- A--ASF ψυχή-N1--ASF καί-C ἀποθνήσκω-VB--AAS3S καί-C οὗτος- D--DSM οὐ-D εἰμί-V9--PAI3S κρίσις-N3I-NSF θάνατος-N2--GSM ὅτι-C οὐ-D μισέω-V2--PAPNSM εἰμί-V9--IAI3S αὐτός- D--ASM πρό-P ὁ- A--GSF χθές-D καί-C πρό-P ὁ- A--GSF τρίτος-A1--GSF

7 διά-P οὗτος- D--ASN ἐγώ- P--NS σύ- P--DS ἐντέλλομαι-V1--PMI1S ὁ- A--ASN ῥῆμα-N3M-ASN οὗτος- D--ASN λέγω-V1--PAPNSM τρεῖς-A3--NPF πόλις-N3I-NPF διαστέλλω-VF2-FAI2S σεαυτοῦ- D--DSM

8 ἐάν-C δέ-X ἐνπλατύνω-V1--PAS3S κύριος-N2--NSM ὁ- A--NSM θεός-N2--NSM σύ- P--GS ὁ- A--APN ὅριον-N2N-APN σύ- P--GS ὅς- --ASM τρόπος-N2--ASM ὄμνυμι-VAI-AAI3S ὁ- A--DPM πατήρ-N3--DPM σύ- P--GS καί-C δίδωμι-VO--AAS3S σύ- P--DS κύριος-N2--NSM πᾶς-A1S-ASF ὁ- A--ASF γῆ-N1--ASF ὅς- --ASF εἶπον-VBI-AAI3S δίδωμι-VO--AAN ὁ- A--DPM πατήρ-N3--DPM σύ- P--GS

9 ἐάν-C ἀκούω-VA--AAS2S ποιέω-V2--PAN πᾶς-A1S-APF ὁ- A--APF ἐντολή-N1A-APF οὗτος- D--APF ὅς- --APF ἐγώ- P--NS ἐντέλλομαι-V1--PMI1S σύ- P--DS σήμερον-D ἀγαπάω-V3--PAN κύριος-N2--ASM ὁ- A--ASM θεός-N2--ASM σύ- P--GS πορεύομαι-V1--PMN ἐν-P πᾶς-A1S-DPF ὁ- A--DPF ὁδός-N2--DPF αὐτός- D--GSM πᾶς-A1S-APF ὁ- A--APF ἡμέρα-N1A-APF καί-C προςτίθημι-VF--FAI2S σεαυτοῦ- D--DSM ἔτι-D τρεῖς-A3--NPF πόλις-N3I-NPF πρός-P ὁ- A--APF τρεῖς-A3--APF οὗτος- D--APF

10 καί-C οὐ-D ἐκχέω-VC--FPI3S αἷμα-N3M-ASN ἀναίτιος-A1A-ASN ἐν-P ὁ- A--DSF γῆ-N1--DSF σύ- P--GS ὅς- --DSF κύριος-N2--NSM ὁ- A--NSM θεός-N2--NSM σύ- P--GS δίδωμι-V8--PAI3S σύ- P--DS ἐν-P κλῆρος-N2--DSM καί-C οὐ-D εἰμί-VF--FMI3S ἐν-P σύ- P--DS αἷμα-N3M-DSN ἔνοχος-A1B-NSM

11 ἐάν-C δέ-X γίγνομαι-VB--AMS3S ἄνθρωπος-N2--NSM μισέω-V2--PAPNSM ὁ- A--ASM πλησίον-D καί-C ἐνεδρεύω-VF--FMI2S αὐτός- D--ASM καί-C ἐπι ἀναἵστημι-VH--AAS3S ἐπί-P αὐτός- D--ASM καί-C πατάσσω-VA--AAS3S αὐτός- D--GSM ψυχή-N1--ASF καί-C ἀποθνήσκω-VB--AAS3S καί-C φεύγω-VB--AAS3S εἰς-P εἷς-A1A-ASF ὁ- A--GPF πόλις-N3I-GPF οὗτος- D--GPF

12 καί-C ἀποστέλλω-VF2-FAI3P ὁ- A--NSF γερουσία-N1A-NSF ὁ- A--GSF πόλις-N3I-GSF αὐτός- D--GSM καί-C λαμβάνω-VF--FMI3P αὐτός- D--ASM ἐκεῖθεν-D καί-C παραδίδωμι-VF--FAI3P αὐτός- D--ASM εἰς-P χείρ-N3--APF ὁ- A--DSM ἀγχιστεύω-V1--PAPDSM ὁ- A--GSN αἷμα-N3M-GSN καί-C ἀποθνήσκω-VF2-FMI3S

13 οὐ-D φείδομαι-VF--FMI3S ὁ- A--NSM ὀφθαλμός-N2--NSM σύ- P--GS ἐπί-P αὐτός- D--DSM καί-C καθαρίζω-VF2-FAI2S ὁ- A--ASN αἷμα-N3M-ASN ὁ- A--ASN ἀναίτιος-A1A-ASN ἐκ-P *ἰσραήλ-N---ASM καί-C εὖ-D σύ- P--DS εἰμί-VF--FMI3S

14 οὐ-D μετακινέω-VF--FAI2S ὅριον-N2N-APN ὁ- A--GSM πλησίον-D σύ- P--GS ὅς- --APN ἵστημι-VAI-AAI3P ὁ- A--NPM πατήρ-N3--NPM σύ- P--GS ἐν-P ὁ- A--DSF κληρονομία-N1A-DSF σύ- P--GS ὅς- --DSF κατακληρονομέω-VCI-API2S ἐν-P ὁ- A--DSF γῆ-N1--DSF ὅς- --DSF κύριος-N2--NSM ὁ- A--NSM θεός-N2--NSM σύ- P--GS δίδωμι-V8--PAI3S σύ- P--DS ἐν-P κλῆρος-N2--DSM

15 οὐ-D ἐνμένω-VF2-FAI3S μάρτυς-N3--NSM εἷς-A3--NSM μαρτυρέω-VA--AAN κατά-P ἄνθρωπος-N2--GSM κατά-P πᾶς-A1S-ASF ἀδικία-N1A-ASF καί-C κατά-P πᾶς-A3--ASN ἁμάρτημα-N3M-ASN καί-C κατά-P πᾶς-A1S-ASF ἁμαρτία-N1A-ASF ὅς- --ASF ἄν-X ἁμαρτάνω-VB--AAS3S ἐπί-P στόμα-N3M-GSN δύο-M μάρτυς-N3--GPM καί-C ἐπί-P στόμα-N3M-GSN τρεῖς-A3--GPM μάρτυς-N3--GPM ἵστημι-VC--FPI3S πᾶς-A3--ASN ῥῆμα-N3M-ASN

16 ἐάν-C δέ-X καταἵστημι-VH--AAS3S μάρτυς-N3--NSM ἄδικος-A1B-NSM κατά-P ἄνθρωπος-N2--GSM καταλέγω-V1--PAPNSM αὐτός- D--GSM ἀσέβεια-N1A-ASF

17 καί-C ἵστημι-VF--FMI3P ὁ- A--NPM δύο-M ἄνθρωπος-N2--NPM ὅς- --DPM εἰμί-V9--PAI3S αὐτός- D--DPM ὁ- A--NSF ἀντιλογία-N1A-NSF ἔναντι-P κύριος-N2--GSM καί-C ἔναντι-P ὁ- A--GPM ἱερεύς-N3V-GPM καί-C ἔναντι-P ὁ- A--GPM κριτής-N1M-GPM ὅς- --NPM ἐάν-C εἰμί-V9--PAS3P ἐν-P ὁ- A--DPF ἡμέρα-N1A-DPF ἐκεῖνος- D--DPF

18 καί-C ἐκἐτάζω-VA--AAS3P ὁ- A--NPM κριτής-N1M-NPM ἀκριβῶς-D καί-C ἰδού-I μάρτυς-N3--NSM ἄδικος-A1B-NSM μαρτυρέω-VAI-AAI3S ἄδικος-A1B-APN ἀντιἵστημι-VHI-AAI3S κατά-P ὁ- A--GSM ἀδελφός-N2--GSM αὐτός- D--GSM

19 καί-C ποιέω-VF--FAI2P αὐτός- D--DSM ὅς- --ASM τρόπος-N2--ASM πονηρεύομαι-VAI-AMI3S ποιέω-VA--AAN κατά-P ὁ- A--GSM ἀδελφός-N2--GSM αὐτός- D--GSM καί-C ἐκαἴρω-VF2-FAI2S ὁ- A--ASM πονηρός-A1A-ASM ἐκ-P σύ- P--GP αὐτός- D--GPM

20 καί-C ὁ- A--NPM ἐπίλοιπος-A1B-NPM ἀκούω-VA--AAPNPM φοβέω-VC--FPI3P καί-C οὐ-D προςτίθημι-VF--FAI3P ἔτι-D ποιέω-VA--AAN κατά-P ὁ- A--ASN ῥῆμα-N3M-ASN ὁ- A--ASN πονηρός-A1A-ASN οὗτος- D--ASN ἐν-P σύ- P--DP

21 οὐ-D φείδομαι-VF--FMI3S ὁ- A--NSM ὀφθαλμός-N2--NSM σύ- P--GS ἐπί-P αὐτός- D--DSM ψυχή-N1--ASF ἀντί-P ψυχή-N1--GSF ὀφθαλμός-N2--ASM ἀντί-P ὀφθαλμός-N2--GSM ὀδούς-N3T-ASM ἀντί-P ὀδούς-N3T-ASM χείρ-N3--ASF ἀντί-P χείρ-N3--GSF πούς-N3D-ASM ἀντί-P πούς-N3D-GSM

   

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Arcana Coelestia # 8908

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8908. 'You shall not answer as a witness of a lie against your neighbour' means that good must not be called evil, nor truth falsity, and conversely that evil must not be called good, nor falsity truth. This is clear from the meaning of 'witness of a lie' as the confirmation of falsity. For the meaning of 'witness' as confirmation, see 4197; and the meaning of 'a lie' as falsity of faith will be evident from what follows below. 'Answering against the neighbour' is speaking to someone in that manner; for 'neighbour' means any and every person, in particular everyone governed by good, and in the abstract sense good itself, 3419, 5025, 6704, 6706-6711, 6818, 8123, so that in the internal sense 'you shall not answer as the witness of a lie against your neighbour' means not saying what is false to anyone, that is, not saying that good is evil and truth is falsity, or vice versa.

[2] What this implies must be explained briefly. None who are ruled by self-love or by love of the world, that is, whose end in view is either to have high and honoured positions or to possess wealth and gain, care when they tell and persuade others that something just is unjust or something unjust is just, and by doing this behave as 'witnesses of a lie'. The reason why they are like this is that their will is in complete subjection to those loves and accompanying desires; it is completely possessed and dominated by them. At the same time the understanding, which is the other part of the mind, indeed has the ability to see what is just or unjust but has no wish to see it. For the will prevails over the understanding; it flows into and persuades it, and at length also makes it blind. Those same people possess no conscience, nor do they know that conscience consists in saying that something just is just, and for no other reason than because it is so, that is, from a love of what is just. People who are like this in the world are also like it in the next life, except for the difference that they do not then say something just is unjust. Instead they call the good of faith evil, and truth falsity, since what is just in dealings with people in the world corresponds to what is good and true in the spiritual world. This is done by them without conscience and also without any shame because it was something they had learned to do during their lifetime and grown accustomed to.

[3] Many times in the Word the expression 'a lie' is used, and wherever it occurs the falsity and evil of faith is meant in the internal sense. And 'the witness of a lie', who is also called 'the witness of violence', means confirming something false, whether before a judge, or before someone else, or before oneself by convincing oneself in one's inner thinking, as in Exodus 23:1ff; Leviticus 19:11-12ff; Deuteronomy 19:16-20. The fact that 'a lie' in the spiritual sense is the evil and falsity of faith is clear from the following places: In John,

You are from your father the devil, and the desires of your father you will to do. He was a murderer from the beginning, and has not stood in the truth because the truth is not in him. When he speaks a lie he speaks from the things that are his own, for he is the teller of a lie and the father of it. John 8:44.

Here 'a lie' stands for falsity of faith, for it refers to the unwillingness of the Jews to acknowledge the Lord. 'The devil' in the spiritual sense here is falsity, and 'the father of it' is evil; for falsity springs from evil like son from father. The falsity that is the devil's is the falsity of faith, the evil that is his is the evil of self-love and love of the world.

[4] In Isaiah,

Moab is exceedingly proud; his haughtiness, and his pride, and his anger - his lies are not firm. Isaiah 16:6.

'Lies' stands for falsities of faith, since 'Moab' is those who, ruled by the evil of self-love, therefore falsify truths, 2468, 8315. In the same prophet,

We have made a covenant with death, and with hell we have shaped a vision. We have put our trust in a lie, and we have hidden in falsity. Isaiah 28:15.

In the same prophet,

They were a rebellious people, lying sons, sons who did not wish to hear the law of Jehovah. Isaiah 30:9.

In Jeremiah,

They deceive one another, 1 and do not speak the truth. They have taught their tongue to speak a lie Jeremiah 9:5.

In the same prophet,

Behold, I am against those that prophesy lying dreams 2 and tell them in order that they may mislead My people by their lies. Jeremiah 23:32.

In the same prophet,

O sword, [be] against the liars, that they may become foolish. Jeremiah 50:36.

In Ezekiel,

They have seen vanity and lying divination, 3 saying, Jehovah has said! when Jehovah has not sent them. Therefore thus has the Lord Jehovih said, Because you speak vanity and see a lie, therefore behold, I am against you. Ezekiel 13:6-9.

In Nahum,

Woe to the city of blood! 4 It is all full of lies and plunder. Nahum 3:1.

In Zephaniah,

The remnant of Israel will not do iniquity or speak any lie; nor will a fraudulent tongue be found in their mouth. They will feed and rest. Zephaniah 3:13.

In John,

Outside are dogs, and sorcerers, and fornicators, and murderers, and idolaters, and everyone who loves and practices a lie. Revelation 22:15.

In these as in many other places 'a lie' stands for the falsity and evil of faith.

Poznámky pod čarou:

1. literally, They deceive, a man his companion

2. literally, dreams of a lie

3. literally, divination of a lie

4. literally, bloods

  
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Thanks to the Swedenborg Society for the permission to use this translation.

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