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Leviticus 23

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1 Viešpats kalbėjo Mozei:

2 “Paskelbk izraelitams Viešpaties šventes, per kurias turite sušaukti susirinkimą.

3 Šešias dienas dirbkite; septintoji diena yra sabatas, skirta poilsiui ir šventam susirinkimui. Nieko nedirbkite tą dieną, nes tai yra sabatas Viešpačiui, kur jūs begyventumėte.

4 Šios yra iškilmingos Viešpaties šventės ir jas švęskite joms skirtu metu:

5 pirmo mėnesio keturioliktos dienos vakare yra Viešpaties Pascha,

6 o penkioliktą to paties mėnesio dieną yra Neraugintos duonos šventė Viešpačiui. Neraugintą duoną valgykite septynias dienas.

7 Pirmoji diena bus jums iškilmingiausia ir šventa. Tą dieną nedirbkite jokio darbo.

8 Septynias dienas aukokite Viešpačiui deginamąją auką. Septintoji susirinkimo diena bus iškilminga ir šventa; tą dieną neturite nieko dirbti”.

9 Viešpats kalbėjo Mozei:

10 “Sakyk izraelitams, kad, įėję į kraštą, kurį jiems duosiu, ir pradėję pjauti javus, atneštų pirmąjį pjūties pėdą kunigui,

11 kuris pirmą dieną po sabato siūbuos pėdą Viešpaties akivaizdoje, kad Jis būtų jums malonus.

12 Tą pačią dieną, kai pėdas siūbuojamas, papjaukite sveiką metinį avinėlį deginamajai aukai Viešpačiui.

13 Drauge su juo aukokite duonos auką iš dviejų dešimtųjų efos smulkių miltų, apšlakstytų aliejumi, kad būtų malonus kvapas Viešpačiui; taip pat geriamajai aukai aukokite vyno ketvirtadalį hino.

14 Nei duonos, nei paskrudintų grūdų, nei kruopų nevalgykite, kol nepaaukosite Dievui. Tai amžinas įsakymas visoms kartoms, kur jūs begyventumėte.

15 Atskaitykite septynias savaites po to sabato, pradėdami pirmąja diena, kai atnešėte aukoti pirmąją derliaus pėdą.

16 Penkiasdešimtąją dieną­pirmąją dieną po septinto sabato­vėl aukokite Viešpačiui duonos auką.

17 Iš savo gyvenviečių atneškite du raugintos duonos kepalus, iškeptus iš dviejų dešimtųjų efos smulkių miltų; tai yra pirmieji vaisiai Viešpačiui.

18 Kartu su duonos kepalais aukokite septynis sveikus metinius avinėlius, vieną veršį ir du avinus,­tai bus deginamoji auka Viešpačiui, drauge su duonos ir geriamąja auka, kad būtų malonus kvapas.

19 Aukokite taip pat ožį aukai už nuodėmę ir du metinius avinėlius padėkos aukai.

20 Kunigas juos siūbuos drauge su pirmųjų vaisių duonos kepalais Viešpaties akivaizdoje; po to visa tai bus šventa ir priklausys kunigams.

21 Paskelbkite šitą dieną iškilminga ir šventa susirinkimo diena; tą dieną nedirbkite jokio darbo. Tai bus amžinas įstatymas visoms jūsų kartoms, kur jūs begyventumėte.

22 Pjaudami savo javus, nenupjaukite jų iki lauko krašto ir nerinkite nukritusių varpų; jas palikite beturčiams ir ateiviams. Aš esu Viešpats, jūsų Dievas”.

23 Viešpats kalbėjo Mozei:

24 “Sakyk izraelitams, kad septinto mėnesio pirmoji diena bus jums iškilminga poilsio diena­sabatas. Trimitų garsai jums tai primins, ji bus švento susirinkimo diena.

25 Nedirbkite tą dieną jokio darbo ir aukokite Viešpačiui deginamąją auką”.

26 Viešpats kalbėjo Mozei:

27 “Dešimtoji to paties mėnesio diena bus iškilminga sutaikinimo diena. Tai bus švento susirinkimo diena; varginkite savo sielas tą dieną ir aukokite Viešpačiui deginamąją auką.

28 Jokio darbo nedirbkite, nes tai sutaikinimo diena, kad jūs būtumėte sutaikinti su Viešpačiu, jūsų Dievu.

29 Kiekvienas žmogus, kuris nevargintų savo sielosdieną, bus išnaikintas iš savo tautos.

30 Kas dirbtų bet kokį darbą tą dieną, bus išnaikintas iš savo tautos.

31 Todėl nieko tą dieną nedirbkite. Tai bus amžinas įstatymas visoms jūsų kartoms, kur jūs begyventumėte.

32 Tai bus jums poilsio sabatas, kurio metu varginsite savo sielas. Nuo devintos mėnesio dienos vakaro iki kito vakaro švęsite sabatą”.

33 Viešpats kalbėjo Mozei:

34 “Sakyk izraelitams, kad nuo penkioliktos to paties mėnesio dienos septynias dienas truks Palapinių šventė.

35 Pirmoji diena bus iškilminga ir šventa; tą dieną nedirbsite jokio darbo.

36 Septynias dienas aukosite Viešpačiui deginamąsias aukas. Aštuntoji diena bus šventa. Tuomet aukosite Viešpačiui deginamąją auką, nes tai susirinkimo diena; nedirbsite tą dieną jokio darbo.

37 Šitos yra Viešpačiui skirtos šventės, per kurias sušauksite šventą susirinkimą ir aukosite Viešpačiui deginamąsias, duonos ir geriamąsias aukas, kiekvieną jai nustatytu metu,

38 neskaitant sabato, įžado ir laisvos valios aukų, kurias atnešate Viešpačiui.

39 Taigi nuo septinto mėnesio penkioliktos dienos, kai surinksite visą savo laukų derlių, paskirkite Viešpaties garbei septynias dienas; pirmoji ir aštuntoji diena bus sabatas.

40 Pirmą dieną imkite gražiausių medžių vaisių, palmių šakelių, lapuoto medžio ir paupio gluosnių šakų ir linksminkitės Viešpaties, jūsų Dievo, akivaizdoje.

41 Kasmet iškilmingai švęskite Viešpačiui septynias dienas; tai bus amžinas įstatymas jūsų kartoms. Tą šventę švęskite septintą mėnesį.

42 Visi izraelitai turi gyventi palapinėse septynias dienas,

43 kad jūsų palikuonys žinotų, jog buvau apgyvendinęs izraelitus palapinėse, kai juos išvedžiau iš Egipto žemės. Aš Viešpats, jūsų Dievas”.

44 Taip Mozė paskelbė izraelitams šventes Viešpaties garbei.

   

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Arcana Coelestia # 10023

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10023. 'And Aaron and his sons shall lay their hands on the head of the young bull' means a representative sign of the reception of goodness and truth in the natural or external man. This is clear from the meaning of 'laying hands on' as transmitting what is one's own to another, the reason why reception too is meant being that what is transmitted is received by another; from the meaning of 'the head' as the whole, dealt with in 10011; and from the meaning of 'the young bull' as the good of innocence and charity in the external or natural man, dealt with in 9391, 10021. The reason why 'laying the hand on' means transmission and reception is that by 'the hands' is meant power and since this power is the capacity to act, whatever resides with a person, thus the entire person engaged in action, is also meant by 'the hands', see the places referred to in 10019; and by 'laying on' is meant transmission on the part of the one who lays them on and reception on the part of the person on whom or thing on which they are laid. From this it is evident what 'laying the hand on' meant among the ancients, namely the transmission and transference of whatever thing it was that they had in mind, and also the reception of it by another, whether it was power, obedience, blessing, or testimony.

[2] The fact that 'laying the hand on' meant power is clear from the following places in Moses,

Jehovah told Moses to lay his hand on Joshua and to set him before Eleazar the priest in front of the whole congregation, and thereby place some of his glory on him, that all the congregation might be obedient to him. Numbers 27:18-20.

'Laying his hand on' here, it is evident, means a transmission and transference of power that Moses had, and the reception of it by Joshua. Therefore it says that he would thereby put some of his glory on him.

[3] In the same author,

It was commanded, when the Levites were to be purified and the priestly function under Aaron was to be assigned to them, that two young bulls together with a minchah should be brought forward, and that Aaron should bring the Levites before Jehovah. And the children of Israel were to lay their hands on the Levites, and the Levites were to lay their hands on the heads of the young bulls, one of which was to be offered as a sacrifice, the other as a burnt offering. And in this way were they to separate the Levites from among the children of Israel, and the Levites would be Jehovah's. Numbers 8:7-14.

The laying of hands on the Levites by the children of Israel was a sign of the transference of power to the Levites to minister on their behalf, and a sign of the reception of that power by the Levites, thus a sign of the separation of the Levites. And the laying of hands on the heads of the young bulls by the Levites was a sign of the transference of that power to Jehovah, that is, the Lord. This is why it says that in that way were they to be separated from among the children of Israel and were to be Jehovah's.

[4] In the same author,

After the children of Israel had confessed their sins Aaron was to lay both his hands on the head of the live he-goat Asasel, and he was to confess over it all the iniquities of the children of Israel, and all their sins; and he was to put them on the goat's head, and send it into the wilderness. Leviticus 16:21.

Laying hands on the he-goat, it is self-evident, meant the transmission and transference of all the iniquities and sins of the children of Israel onto that goat, and its reception of them, 'the wilderness' into which the goat was sent being hell. Leviticus 24:14 required that the witnesses and all who had heard should lay their hands on him who was to be stoned. This action was a sign that the witness borne by them had been transmitted and transferred to him, and once it was received he was delivered up to death.

[5] In the same author,

A person who brings from the herd or from the flock a burnt offering as a gift to Jehovah shall lay his hand on the head of the burnt offering; then it will be received with pleasure from him, to make expiation for him. Leviticus 1:2-4.

The hand had in like manner to be laid on the head of a gift offered as a sacrifice, Leviticus 3:1-2, 8, 13. A priest was required to do the same thing if he had sinned, and so were the elders, or the whole congregation, and also a leader if he had sinned; and any ordinary person 1 was required to do the same thing if he had sinned, Leviticus 4:4, 15, 24, 29. Laying their hands on the burnt offering or on the sacrifice was a sign of all the worship of the one presenting the offering. That is to say, it was a sign of the acknowledgement of sins, confession, and consequent purification, and a sign of the implantation of goodness and truth, thus of being joined to the Lord, all of which was brought about by transmission, transference, and reception. By transference and reception that which is meant by 'bearing iniquities', dealt with in 9937, 9938, should be understood.

[6] Since the laying-on of hands was a sign of transmission, transference, and reception, one may recognize what the laying-on of hands means in Matthew,

A ruler came to Jesus and said, My daughter has just died, but come and lay Your hand on her and she will live. Jesus went in, took her hand, and the girl arose. Matthew 9:18-19, 25.

In Mark,

Jesus laid hands on the blind man's eyes, and he was restored. Mark 8:25.

In the same gospel,

They brought a deaf man to Jesus, that He might lay His hand on him. Taking him aside from the people He put His finger into his ears and touched his tongue, and his powers of hearing were opened. Mark 7:32-33, 35.

In Luke,

There was a woman bent right over owing to a spirit of infirmity. Jesus laid His hands on her, and immediately she was made straight 2 . Luke 13:11, 13.

In Mark,

Jesus laid hands on the weak and healed them. Mark 6:5.

[7] In these places it is evident that when the Lord laid His hand on people, and also when He touched them, the meaning was the transmission and reception of Divine power. The fact that these things are meant is perfectly clear in Mark,

A certain woman came behind and touched Jesus' garment, saying, If I touch merely His garment I shall be healed. And immediately she was healed of the affliction. And Jesus perceived within Himself that power had gone out of Him. Mark 5:27-30.

In Luke,

The woman, touching Jesus' garment, was healed. Jesus said, Someone touched Me, for I perceived power going out from Me. Luke 8:44, 46.

And in the same gospel,

The entire crowd sought to touch Jesus, because power went out from Him and healed them all. Luke 6:19.

[8] From this it is evident what 'touching with the hand' and 'touching with the finger' mean, and also what the following words in the same gospel mean,

Jesus came and touched the coffin in which the dead man was; and the bearers stood still. Then He said, Young man, I say to you, Arise. And the dead man sat up and began to speak. Luke 7:14-15.

It is also evident what laying His hands on children and young children means. Laying them on children is described in Matthew,

Children were brought to Jesus that He might lay His hands on them. Jesus said, Let the children be and do not forbid them to come to Me; of such is the kingdom of heaven. And He laid His hands on them. Matthew 19:13-15.

And laying His hands on young children is spoken of in Mark,

Jesus took the young children up in His arms, and put His hands on them, and blessed them. Mark 10:16.

This laying of His hand on children and on young children likewise means the transmission and reception of Divine power, enabling a person's interiors to be healed, which is salvation.

[9] The meaning of touch by the use of the hands has its origin in representatives in the next life. People there whose states of life are dissimilar appear far removed from one another, whereas those whose states of life are similar appear living in association with one another; and those who touch one another there transmit their state of life to another. If this is done by the use of the hands the whole of their life is transmitted, for as stated above, by the hands, by virtue of their correspondence, is meant power, which is a human being's capacity to act, thus whatever resides with a person. Such representatives occur in the world of spirits, but they do so as a result of influx from heaven, where only the ties associating people as to affections for goodness and truth are perceived.

Poznámky pod čarou:

1. literally, every soul

2. The Latin means He healed [her], but the Greek, also what appears in Swedenborg's rough draft, means she was made straight.

  
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Thanks to the Swedenborg Society for the permission to use this translation.

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Arcana Coelestia # 8932

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8932. 'You shall not make [to be] with Me gods of silver and gods of gold' means that they are to avoid completely things which to outward appearances look like truths and forms of good but inwardly are falsities and evils. This is clear from the meaning of 'making gods' as worshipping, since someone who makes gods for himself does so in order to worship them; from the meaning of 'silver' as truth, and therefore in the contrary sense as falsity, and from the meaning of 'gold' as good, and therefore in the contrary sense as evil, both dealt with in 113, 1551, 1552, 2954, 5658, 6914, 6917, 7999. The reason why these are things which to outward appearances look like truths and forms of good, but inwardly are falsities and evils, is that the words 'making them with Me', that is, with Jehovah God, are used. Actual Divine Truth and Goodness reside on an inner level; they reside on an outer level as well, but then they are embodied in types or representative images. For the outward things composing a type or image stand for and represent inner realities. Outward things are falsities and evils when, separated from inner realities, they are held to be holy and are worshipped; and yet they still look like truths and forms of good because they represent those realities. These things are meant by 'making [to be] with Jehovah God gods of silver and gods of gold'.

[2] This commandment follows immediately after the Ten Commandments because the Israelite and Jewish people were the sort that held outward things separated from inward realities to be holy and worshipped them as being altogether Divine, 3479, 3769, 4281, 4293, 4307, 4314, 4316, 4433, 4680, 4825, 4832, 4844, 4847, 4865, 4903, 6304, 6832, 8814, 8819. To gain more definite knowledge of what those things are which look to outward appearances like truths and forms of good but inwardly are falsities and evils, and what those things are like, take as examples all the ritual practices of the Jewish Church, such as sacrifices, burning incense, washings, and many other practices. Outwardly they were truths and forms of good, not in themselves but because they were types or images that stood for and represented inward truths and forms of good, which are aspects of love to the Lord and faith in Him. When the outward objects belonging to such practices were held to be holy, and especially when they were worshipped, as they were by the Jews and Israelites when they became idolaters and used them in the worship of strange gods, they no longer had any connection with the truths and forms of good which they stood for and represented, because inwardly they were falsities and evils.

[3] The situation was the same with all other things that were types or representative images of heavenly and Divine realities among that people. For as soon as outward things which represented inner realities were used in the worship of other gods they became idols worshipped by them or 'gods of silver and gold which they made [to be] with Jehovah God'. For then those things looked to outward appearances like truths and forms of good, but inwardly they were falsities and evils.

[4] In general 'gods of silver and gold' are all the falsities and derivative evils in worship which are made to look like truth and good through wrong usages and misinterpretations of the Word, and at the same time through reasonings that are the product of self-intelligence. Such things are meant by 'gods of silver and gold' in the following places: In Isaiah,

On that day a person will cast away his idols of silver and his idols of gold which they made for themselves to bow down to, to the moles and bats, to go into the clefts 1 of the rocks and into the fissures of the crags. Isaiah 2:20-21.

'Moles and bats' stands for those who are in darkness, that is, are steeped in falsities and derivative evils.

[5] In the same prophet,

On that day a man will cast aside his idols of silver, and his idols of gold, which your hands have made for you - a sin. Isaiah 31:7.

'Which your hands have made' stands for things which are the product of self-intelligence. In the same prophet,

The craftsman casts a graven image, and a goldsmith overlays it with gold and casts silver chains for it. Isaiah 40:19.

'Graven images' are things which are products of the proprium or self, 8869. 'Overlaying with gold' stands for making things look to outward appearances like forms of good, 'casting silver chains' stands for making them seem to hang together as if linked to one another with truths, good being meant by 'gold' and truth by 'silver', see the paragraphs referred to above.

[6] Similarly in Jeremiah,

The customs 2 of the nations are vanity. Since indeed one cuts out wood from the forest, the work of the hands of the workman, he decorates it with silver and gold; they make it firm with pegs and hammers, so that it is not unsteady. Jeremiah 10:3-4.

In Hosea,

The Ephraimites sin more and more, and make for themselves a molten image from silver, idols by their own intelligence, completely the work of craftsmen. Hosea 13:2.

'Ephraim' stands for the Church's understanding, 5354, 6222, 6234, 6238, 6267; 'a molten image made from silver' stands for falsity that looks like truth, which is why it says 'by their own intelligence'; and 'completely the work of craftsmen' stands for the fact that it is all brought about through reasonings which are a product of the proprium or self.

[7] In Habakkuk,

Woe to him who says to a piece of wood, Awake! or to a dumb stone, Wake up, this will teach! Behold, this is bound in gold and silver, but there is no spirit in the midst of it. Habakkuk 2:19.

'A piece of wood' stands for evil, 'a stone' for falsity. 'Bound in gold and silver' stands for applications used to give the appearance of what is good and true. In Daniel,

Belshazzar said, when he had properly tasted the wine, that they were to bring the vessels of gold and silver which his father Nebuchadnezzar had brought from the temple that [had been] in Jerusalem, in order that the king and his nobles, his wives and his concubines might drink from them. And they would drink wine, and praise the gods of gold and silver, bronze, iron, wood, and stone. Daniel 5:2-4, 23.

'The vessels of gold and silver from the temple of Jerusalem' represented the forms of good and the truths which belonged to the Church and to the Lord's kingdom; 'drinking wine from them' meant desecrating them by means of evils and falsities, which are 'the gods of gold and silver'.

[8] In David,

Their idols are silver and gold, the work of human hands They have a mouth, but they do not speak; they have eyes but do not see. Psalms 115:4-5; 135:15-16.

'Silver and gold, which are idols' stands for falsities and evils; 'the work of human hands' stands for the fact that they are the product of self-intelligence. In Moses,

You shall burn the graven images of the gods of the nations with fire; you shall not covet the silver and the gold that are on them, so that you take them to yourself; for it is an abomination to Jehovah your God. Therefore you shall not bring an abomination into your house, lest you become 3 an accursed thing like it; you shall utterly abhor it. Deuteronomy 7:25-26.

'Silver and gold on graven images' stands for falsities and evils which are worshipped as truths and forms of good because they have been made to look like these.

Poznámky pod čarou:

1. Reading scissuras (clefts) for fissuras (fissures)

2. literally, statutes

3. Reading fias (you become) for fiat (it becomes)

  
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Thanks to the Swedenborg Society for the permission to use this translation.