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사사기 11

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1 길르앗 사람 큰 용사 입다는 기생이 길르앗에게 낳은 아들이었고

2 길르앗의 아내도 아들들을 낳았더라 아내의 아들들이 자라매 입다를 쫓아내며 그에게 이르되 `너는 다른 여인의 자식이니 우리 아버지 집 기업을 잇지 못하리라' 한지라

3 이에 입다가 그 형제를 피하여 돕 땅에 거하매 잡류가 그에게로 모여와서 그와 함께 출입하였더라

4 얼마 후에 암몬 자손이 이스라엘을 치려 하니라

5 암몬 자손이 이스라엘을 치려 할 때에 길르앗 장로들이 입다를 데려 오려고 돕 땅에 가서

6 입다에게 이르되 `우리가 암몬 자손과 싸우려 하나니 당신은 와서 우리의 장관이 되라'

7 입다가 길르앗 장로들에게 이르되 `너희가 전에 나를 미워하여 내 아버지 집에서 쫓아내지 아니하였느냐 ? 이제 너희가 환난을 당하였다고 어찌하여 내게 왔느냐 ?'

8 길르앗 장로들이 대답하되 `이제 우리가 당신을 찾아온 것은 우리와 함께 가서 암몬 자손과 싸우려 하게 함이니 그리하면 우리 길르앗 모든 거민의 머리가 되리라'

9 입다가 길르앗 장로들에게 이르되 `너희가 나를 데리고 본향으로 돌아가서 암몬 자손과 싸우게 할 때에 만일 여호와께서 그들을 네게 붙이시면 내가 과연 너희 머리가 되겠느냐 ?'

10 길르앗 장로들이 입다에게 이르되 `여호와는 우리 사이의 증인이시니 당신의 말대로 우리가 반드시 행하리이다'

11 이에 입다가 길르앗 장로들과 함께 가니 백성이 그로 자기들의 머리와 장관을 삼은지라 입다가 미스바에서 자기의 말을 다 여호와 앞에 고하니라

12 입다가 암몬 자손의 왕에게 사자를 보내어 이르되 `네가 나와 무슨 상관이 있기에 내 땅을 치러 내게 왔느냐 ?'

13 암몬 자손의 왕이 입다의 사자에게 대답하되 `이스라엘이 애굽에서 올라올 때에 아르논에서부터 얍복과 요단까지 내 땅을 취한 연고니 이제 그것을 화평히 다시 돌리라'

14 입다가 암몬 자손의 왕에게 다시 사자를 보내어

15 그에게 이르되 `입다가 말하노라 이스라엘이 모압 땅과 암몬 자손의 땅을 취하지 아니하였느니라

16 이스라엘이 애굽에서 올라올 때에 광야로 행하여 홍해에 이르고 가데스에 이르러서는

17 이스라엘이 사자를 에돔 왕에게 보내어 이르기를 청컨대 나를 용납하여 네 땅 가운데로 지나게 하라 하였으나 에돔 왕이 이를 듣지 아니하였고 또 그같이 사람을 모압 왕에게 보내었으나 그도 허락지 아니함으로 이스라엘이 아데스에 유하였더니

18 그후에 광야를 지나 에돔 땅과 모압 땅을 둘러 행하여 모압 땅 동편에서부터 와서 아르논은 모압 경계이므로 그 경내에는 들어가지 아니하였으며

19 이스라엘이 헤스본 왕 곧 아모리 왕 시혼에게 사자를 보내어 그에게 이르되 청컨대 우리를 용납하여 당신의 땅으로 지나 우리 곳에 이르게 하라 하였으나

20 시혼이 이스라엘을 믿지 아니하여 그 지경으로 지나지 못하게 할뿐 아니라 그 모든 백성을 모아 야하스에 진 치고 이스라엘을 치므로

21 이스라엘의 하나님 여호와께서 시혼과 그 모든 백성을 이스라엘의 손에 붙이시매 이스라엘이 쳐서 그 땅 거민 아모리 사람의 온 땅을 취하되

22 아르논에서부터 얍복까지와 광야에서부터 요단까지 아모리 사람의 온 지경을 취하었느니라

23 이스라엘 하나님 여호와께서 이같이 아모리 사람을 자기 백성 이스라엘 앞에서 쫓아내셨거늘 네가 그 땅을 얻고자 하는 것이 가하냐 ?

24 네 신 그모스가 네게 주어 얻게 한 땅을 네가 얻지 않겠느냐 ? 우리 하나님 여호와께서 우리 앞에서 어떤 사람이든지 쫓아내시면 그 땅을 우리가 얻으리라

25 이제 네가 모압 왕 십볼의 아들 발락보다 나은 것이 있느냐 ? 그가 이스라엘로 더불어 다툰 일이 있었느냐 ? 싸운 일이 있었느냐 ?

26 이스라엘이 헤스본과 그 향촌들과 아로엘과 그 향촌들과 아르논 연안에 있는 모든 성읍에 거한지 삼백년이어늘 그동안 너희가 어찌하여 도로 찾지 아니하였느냐 ?

27 내가 네게 죄를 짓지 아니하였거늘 네가 나를 쳐서 내게 악을 행하고자 하는도다 원컨대 심판하시는 여호와는 오늘날 이스라엘 자손과 암몬 자손의 사이에 판결하시옵소서' 하나

28 암몬 자손의 왕이 입다의 보내어 말한 것을 듣지 아니하였더라

29 이에 여호와의 신이 입다에게 임하시니 입다가 길르앗과 므낫세를 지나서 길르앗 미스베에 이르고 길르앗 미스베에서부터 암몬 자손들에게로 나아갈 때에

30 그가 여호와께 서원하여 가로되 `주께서 과연 암몬 자손을 내게 붙이시면

31 내가 암몬 자손에게서 평안히 돌아올 때에 누구든지 내 집 문에서 나와서 나를 영접하는 그는 여호와께 돌릴 것이니 내가 그를 번제로 드리겠나이다' 하니라

32 이에 입다가 암몬 자손에게 이르러 그들과 싸우더니 여호와께서 그들을 그 손에 붙이시매

33 아로엘에서부터 민닛에 이르기까지 이십 성읍을 치고 또 아벨 그라밈까지 크게 도륙하니 이에 암몬 자손이 이스라엘 자손 앞에 항복하였더라

34 입다가 미스바에 돌아와 자기 집에 이를 때에 그 딸이 소고를 잡고 춤추며 나와서 영접하니 그의 무남독녀라

35 입다가 이를 보고 자기 옷을 찢으며 가로되 `슬프다, 내 딸이여 ! 너는 나로 하여금 참담케 하는 자요 너는 나를 괴롭게 하는 자 중의 하나이로다 내가 여호와를 향하여 입을 열었으니 능히 돌이키지 못하리로다'

36 딸이 그에게 이르되 `나의 아버지여 ! 아버지께서 여호와를 향하여 입을 여셨으니 아버지 입에서 낸 말씀대로 내게 행하소서 이는 여호와께서 아버지를 위하여 아버지의 대적 암몬 자손에게 원수를 갚으셨음이니이다'

37 아비에게 또 이르되 `이 일만 내게 허락하사 나를 두 달만 용납하소서 내가 나의 동무들과 함께 산에 올라가서 나의 처녀로 죽음을 인하여 애곡하겠나이다'

38 이르되 `가라 !' 하고 두달 위한하고 보내니 그가 동무들과 함께 가서 산 위에서 처녀로 죽음을 인하여 애곡하고

39 두달만에 그 아비에게로 돌아온지라 아비가 그 서원한 대로 딸에게 행하니 딸이 남자를 알지 못하고 죽으니라 이로부터 이스라엘 가운데 규례가 되어

40 이스라엘 여자들이 해마다 가서 길르앗 사람 입다의 딸을 위하여 나흘씩 애곡하더라

   

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Exploring the Meaning of Judges 11

Napsal(a) New Christian Bible Study Staff, Julian Duckworth

Judges 11: Jephthah’s victory.

This chapter and most of the next are about the judge Jephthah. He was Gilead’s son by a prostitute, so Gilead’s other sons despised him, and drove him out from his homeland. He fled to the land of Tob, where he lived amongst reckless men. When the Ammonites made war against Israel, the elders of Gilead went to the land of Tob to ask if Jephthah would lead their army. At first, Jephthah challenged them, and asked why they would come to him for help after expelling him from their county. However, the elders swore by the Lord that they would accept him as their leader, so he agreed to go with them.

Then Jephthah sent messengers to the king of Ammon, to ask why his people were attacking Gilead. The king said that Israel had taken away their land, but Jephthah recounted to them the history of Israel’s time in the wilderness, specifically pointing out that they not made war with the nations of Canaan. The only exception was the Amorite king Sihon’s attack on Israel, in which the Israelites defended themselves and defeated the Amorites. So, Jephthah explained that Israel had not taken land from the Ammonites. But the people of Ammon did not listen, and prepared for war.

While preparing his army against the people of Ammon, Jephthah made a vow to the Lord: if He would grant Gilead victory, Jephthah would make a burnt offering of the first thing which came out from his house upon his return home. Battle ensued, and the army of Jephthah utterly defeated Ammon.

When Jephthah returned home, his daughter – his only child – came out of the house to greet him with music and dancing. He tore his clothes in despair, and told her about his vow to the Lord. His daughter told him to keep his word, and asked to be left alone for two months to lament her virginity. Then, when the time came, Jephthah carried out his vow to the Lord.

*****

Jephthah’s dealings with both the Ammonites and his own family show that serving the Lord leads us to seek peace, not conflict or war. His account of the Israelites’ struggles showed that his people had only defended themselves against other nations, but had not fanned the flames of war. We are to do the work of making peace in our lives, while upholding and defending what is true (see Swedenborg’s work, Arcana Caelestia 1683).

The people of Ammon stand for knowing what is true, but then corrupting that truth to live a life based in falsities. For example, if we know the Lord regenerates us, and then tell ourselves that we no longer hold any responsibility for our eternal state, we have falsified the truth. This view completely distorts the truth: the Lord regenerates us as we work to live righteously (see Swedenborg’s work, Sacred Scripture 18[3]).

The spiritual meaning of a ‘daughter’ is an affection for spiritual truths and the life they offer. Affection is the offspring of feeling delight in truths; as we develop these affections, we learn to recognize that they come from the Lord, for he is the source of all good things (Arcana Caelestia 3336[2]).

Jephthah’s daughter was his deepest love, his greatest affection. She was a virgin, representing the spiritual qualities of purity and innocence. Her request for two months of solitude can be understood as our need to reflect during any giving to the Lord, to be sure that our intentions are pure, without any selfish expectations (see Swedenborg’s work, Divine Providence 121).

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Judges 11

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1 Now Jephthah the Gileadite was a mighty man of valour, and he was the son of an harlot: and Gilead begat Jephthah.

2 And Gilead's wife bare him sons; and his wife's sons grew up, and they thrust out Jephthah, and said unto him, Thou shalt not inherit in our father's house; for thou art the son of a strange woman.

3 Then Jephthah fled from his brethren, and dwelt in the land of Tob: and there were gathered vain men to Jephthah, and went out with him.

4 And it came to pass in process of time, that the children of Ammon made war against Israel.

5 And it was so, that when the children of Ammon made war against Israel, the elders of Gilead went to fetch Jephthah out of the land of Tob:

6 And they said unto Jephthah, Come, and be our captain, that we may fight with the children of Ammon.

7 And Jephthah said unto the elders of Gilead, Did not ye hate me, and expel me out of my father's house? and why are ye come unto me now when ye are in distress?

8 And the elders of Gilead said unto Jephthah, Therefore we turn again to thee now, that thou mayest go with us, and fight against the children of Ammon, and be our head over all the inhabitants of Gilead.

9 And Jephthah said unto the elders of Gilead, If ye bring me home again to fight against the children of Ammon, and the LORD deliver them before me, shall I be your head?

10 And the elders of Gilead said unto Jephthah, The LORD be witness between us, if we do not so according to thy words.

11 Then Jephthah went with the elders of Gilead, and the people made him head and captain over them: and Jephthah uttered all his words before the LORD in Mizpeh.

12 And Jephthah sent messengers unto the king of the children of Ammon, saying, What hast thou to do with me, that thou art come against me to fight in my land?

13 And the king of the children of Ammon answered unto the messengers of Jephthah, Because Israel took away my land, when they came up out of Egypt, from Arnon even unto Jabbok, and unto Jordan: now therefore restore those lands again peaceably.

14 And Jephthah sent messengers again unto the king of the children of Ammon:

15 And said unto him, Thus saith Jephthah, Israel took not away the land of Moab, nor the land of the children of Ammon:

16 But when Israel came up from Egypt, and walked through the wilderness unto the Red sea, and came to Kadesh;

17 Then Israel sent messengers unto the king of Edom, saying, Let me, I pray thee, pass through thy land: but the king of Edom would not hearken thereto. And in like manner they sent unto the king of Moab: but he would not consent: and Israel abode in Kadesh.

18 Then they went along through the wilderness, and compassed the land of Edom, and the land of Moab, and came by the east side of the land of Moab, and pitched on the other side of Arnon, but came not within the border of Moab: for Arnon was the border of Moab.

19 And Israel sent messengers unto Sihon king of the Amorites, the king of Heshbon; and Israel said unto him, Let us pass, we pray thee, through thy land into my place.

20 But Sihon trusted not Israel to pass through his coast: but Sihon gathered all his people together, and pitched in Jahaz, and fought against Israel.

21 And the LORD God of Israel delivered Sihon and all his people into the hand of Israel, and they smote them: so Israel possessed all the land of the Amorites, the inhabitants of that country.

22 And they possessed all the coasts of the Amorites, from Arnon even unto Jabbok, and from the wilderness even unto Jordan.

23 So now the LORD God of Israel hath dispossessed the Amorites from before his people Israel, and shouldest thou possess it?

24 Wilt not thou possess that which Chemosh thy god giveth thee to possess? So whomsoever the LORD our god shall drive out from before us, them will we possess.

25 And now art thou any thing better than Balak the son of Zippor, king of Moab? did he ever strive against Israel, or did he ever fight against them,

26 While Israel dwelt in Heshbon and her towns, and in Aroer and her towns, and in all the cities that be along by the coasts of Arnon, three hundred years? why therefore did ye not recover them within that time?

27 Wherefore I have not sinned against thee, but thou doest me wrong to war against me: the LORD the Judge be Judge this day between the children of Israel and the children of Ammon.

28 Howbeit the king of the children of Ammon hearkened not unto the words of Jephthah which he sent him.

29 Then the Spirit of the LORD came upon Jephthah, and he passed over Gilead, and Manasseh, and passed over Mizpeh of Gilead, and from Mizpeh of Gilead he passed over unto the children of Ammon.

30 And Jephthah vowed a vow unto the LORD, and said, If thou shalt without fail deliver the children of Ammon into mine hands,

31 Then it shall be, that whatsoever cometh forth of the doors of my house to meet me, when I return in peace from the children of Ammon, shall surely be the LORD's, and I will offer it up for a burnt offering.

32 So Jephthah passed over unto the children of Ammon to fight against them; and the LORD delivered them into his hands.

33 And he smote them from Aroer, even till thou come to Minnith, even twenty cities, and unto the plain of the vineyards, with a very great slaughter. Thus the children of Ammon were subdued before the children of Israel.

34 And Jephthah came to Mizpeh unto his house, and, behold, his daughter came out to meet him with timbrels and with dances: and she was his only child; beside her he had neither son nor daughter.

35 And it came to pass, when he saw her, that he rent his clothes, and said, Alas, my daughter! thou hast brought me very low, and thou art one of them that trouble me: for I have opened my mouth unto the LORD, and I cannot go back.

36 And she said unto him, My father, if thou hast opened thy mouth unto the LORD, do to me according to that which hath proceeded out of thy mouth; forasmuch as the LORD hath taken vengeance for thee of thine enemies, even of the children of Ammon.

37 And she said unto her father, Let this thing be done for me: let me alone two months, that I may go up and down upon the mountains, and bewail my virginity, I and my fellows.

38 And he said, Go. And he sent her away for two months: and she went with her companions, and bewailed her virginity upon the mountains.

39 And it came to pass at the end of two months, that she returned unto her father, who did with her according to his vow which he had vowed: and she knew no man. And it was a custom in Israel,

40 That the daughters of Israel went yearly to lament the daughter of Jephthah the Gileadite four days in a year.