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Leviticus 4

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1 And Jehovah spoke to Moses, saying,

2 Speak to the sons of Israel, saying, If a soul shall sin in ignorance against any of the commandments of Jehovah concerning things which ought not to be done, and shall do one of them;

3 if the anointed priest sin to the guilt of the people; then let him offer for his sin, which he has sinned, a son of the herd, a perfect bullock to Jehovah for a sin offering.

4 And he shall bring the bullock to the entrance of the Tabernacle of the congregation before Jehovah; and shall lay his hand upon the head of the bullock, and slaughter the bullock before Jehovah.

5 And the priest that is anointed shall take of the blood of the bullock, and bring it to the Tabernacle of the congregation;

6 and the priest shall dip his finger in the blood, and spatter of the blood seven times before Jehovah, before the veil of the sanctuary.

7 And the priest shall put some of the blood on the horns of the altar of the fragrant incense before Jehovah, which is in the Tabernacle of the congregation; and shall spill all the blood of the bullock at the foundation of the altar of the burnt·​·offering, which is at the entrance of the Tabernacle of the congregation.

8 And he shall lift·​·up from it all the fat of the bullock for the sin offering; the fat that covers over the inwards, and all the fat that is upon the inwards,

9 and the two kidneys, and the fat that is on them, which is on the entrails, and the caul on the liver, on the kidneys, it he shall remove,

10 as it was lifted·​·up from the ox of the sacrifice of peace·​·offerings; and the priest shall burn· them ·for·​·incense on the altar of the burnt·​·offering.

11 And the skin of the bullock, and all its flesh, on its head, and on its legs, and its inwards, and its dung,

12 and he shall bring· all the bullock ·out to a clean place outside of the camp, to where the grease is spilled·​·out, and burn· it ·up on the wood with fire; on the place where the grease is spilled·​·out shall it be burnt·​·up.

13 And if all the congregation of Israel err, and the thing be hidden from the eyes of the assembly, and they have done something against any one of the commandments of Jehovah, which should not have been done, and are·​·guilty;

14 and the sin, which they have sinned against it*, is known, then the assembly shall offer a son of the herd, a bullock for the sin, and bring him before the Tabernacle of the congregation.

15 And the elders of the congregation shall lay their hands upon the head of the bullock before Jehovah; and the bullock shall be slaughtered before Jehovah.

16 And the anointed priest shall bring of the blood of the bullock to the Tabernacle of the congregation;

17 and the priest shall dip his finger in some of the blood, and spatter it seven times before Jehovah, before the veil.

18 And he shall put some of the blood on the horns of the altar which is before Jehovah, which is in the Tabernacle of the congregation, and shall spill all the blood at the foundation of the altar of the burnt·​·offering, which is at the entrance of the Tabernacle of the congregation.

19 And he shall lift·​·high all its fat from it, and burn· it ·for·​·incense on the altar.

20 And he shall do to the bullock as he did to the bullock of the sin offering, so shall he do to it; and the priest shall make·​·atonement for them, and it shall be pardoned them.

21 And he shall bring·​·out the bullock to outside of the camp, and burn· it ·up as he burned·​·up the first bullock; it is a sin offering of the assembly.

22 When a chief has sinned, and done something in ignorance against one of any of the commandments of Jehovah his God, which should not be done, and is·​·guilty,

23 or his sin is made known to him, in which he has sinned, then he shall bring as his offering a male goat of the goats, a perfect male;

24 and he shall lay his hand upon the head of the male goat, and slaughter it in the place where they slaughter the burnt·​·offering before Jehovah; it is a sin offering.

25 And the priest shall take of the blood of the sin offering with his finger, and put it on the horns of the altar of the burnt·​·offering, and shall spill its blood at the foundation of the altar of the burnt·​·offering.

26 And he shall burn·​·for·​·incense all its fat on the altar, as the fat of the sacrifice of the peace·​·offerings; and the priest shall make·​·atonement for himself from his sin, and he shall be pardoned.

27 And if one soul of the people of the land sin in ignorance, when he does somewhat against one of the commandments of Jehovah concerning things which ought not to be done, and be·​·guilty;

28 or if his sin, which he has sinned, be known to him: then he shall bring his offering, a she-goat of the goats, a perfect female, for his sin which he has sinned.

29 And he shall lay his hand upon the head of the sin offering, and slaughter the sin offering in the place of the burnt·​·offering.

30 And the priest shall take of its blood with his finger, and put it on the horns of the altar of the burnt·​·offering, and shall spill all its blood at the foundation of the altar.

31 And he shall remove all the fat; as the fat is removed from upon the sacrifice of the peace·​·offerings; and the priest shall burn· it ·for·​·incense upon the altar for a restful smell to Jehovah; and the priest shall make·​·atonement for him, and he shall be pardoned.

32 And if he bring a lamb for a sin offering, he shall bring it a perfect female.

33 And he shall lay his hand upon the head of the sin offering, and slaughter it for a sin offering in the place where he slaughters the burnt·​·offering.

34 And the priest shall take of the blood of the sin offering with his finger, and put it on the horns of the altar of the burnt·​·offering, and shall spill all its blood at the foundation of the altar;

35 and he shall remove all the fat, as the fat of the lamb is removed from the sacrifice of the peace·​·offerings; and the priest shall burn· them ·for·​·incense on the altar, on the fire·​·offerings to Jehovah; and the priest shall atone concerning him, concerning his sin that he has sinned, and he shall be pardoned.

   


Thanks to the Kempton Project for the permission to use this New Church translation of the Word.

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Arcana Coelestia # 3519

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3519. 'And take for me from there two good kids of the she-goats' means truths born from that good. This is clear from the meaning of 'kids of the she-goats' as truths born from good, dealt with below. The reason for having 'two' was that as in the rational so in the natural there are things of the will and those of the understanding. Things in the natural that belong to the will are delights, while those that belong to the understanding are facts. These two have to be joined together if they are to be anything at all.

[2] As regards 'kids of the she-goats' meaning truths born from good, this becomes clear from those places in the Word where kids and she-goats are mentioned. It should be recognized that all gentle and useful beasts mentioned in the Word mean in the genuine sense celestial things, which are forms of good, and spiritual things, which are forms of truth, see 45, 46, 142, 143, 246, 714, 715, 776, 2179, 2180, 2781, 3218. And since there are various genera of celestial things or forms of good, and consequently there are various genera of spiritual things or forms of truth, one beast has a different meaning from another; that is to say, a lamb has one meaning, a kid another, and a sheep, she-goat, ram, he-goat, young bull, or ox another, while a horse or a camel has yet another meaning. Birds have a different meaning again, as also do beasts of the sea, such as sea monsters, and fish. The genera of celestial and spiritual things, and consequently of forms of good and truth, are more than anyone can number, even though when that which is celestial or good is mentioned, and also when that which is spiritual or truth, this is not envisaged as being anything complex, consisting of many parts, but as a single entity. Yet how complex both of these are, that is, how countless the genera are of which they consist, may be seen from what has been stated about heaven in 3241, to the effect that it is distinguished into countless separate communities, according to the genera of celestial and spiritual things, that is, of goods of love and of derivative truths of faith. Furthermore each genus of good and each genus of truth has countless species into which the communities of each genus are separated. And each species in a similar way has separate sub-species.

[3] The commonest genera of good and truth are what the living creatures offered as burnt offerings and sacrifices represented. And because the genera are quite distinct and separate, people were explicitly commanded to use those living creatures and no others, that is to say, in some sacrifices lambs and ewe-lambs, and also kids and female kids of she-goats were to be used, in other sacrifices rams and sheep, and also he-goats, were to be used, while in other sacrifices again, calves, young bulls, and oxen, or else pigeons and doves, were to be used, see 992, 1823, 2180, 2805, 2807, 2830, 3218. What kids and she-goats meant however becomes clear both from the sacrifices in which they used to be offered and from other places in the Word. These show that lambs and ewe-lambs meant innocence belonging to the internal or rational man, and kids and she-goats innocence belonging to the external or natural man, and so the truth and the good of the latter.

[4] The fact that truth and good present in the innocence that belongs to the external or natural man is meant by a kid and a she-goat is clear from the following places in the Word: In Isaiah,

The wolf will dwell with the lamb, and the leopard will lie down with the kid, the calf also and the young lion and the sheep together; and a little child will lead them. Isaiah 11:6.

This refers to the Lord's kingdom and to the state there in which people have no fear of evil, that is, no dread of hell, because they are with the Lord. 'The lamb' and 'the kid' stand for people who have innocence within them, and who, being the most secure of all, are mentioned first.

[5] When all the firstborn of Egypt were smitten the people were commanded to kill from among the lambs or among the kids a male without blemish, and to put some of the blood on the doorposts and on the lintel of their houses; and so the destroyer would not strike them with the plague, Exodus 12:5, 7, 13. 'The firstborn of Egypt' means the good of love and charity that was wiped out, 3325. 'The lambs' and 'the kids' are states of innocence, in which those with whom these exist are secure from evil. Indeed all in heaven are kept secure by the Lord through states of innocence. That security was represented by the killing of the lamb or kid, and putting the blood on the doorposts and on the lintel of the houses. .

[6] To avert his own death when a person saw Jehovah manifested as an angel he would sacrifice 'a kid of the she-goats', as Gideon did when he saw Him, Judges 6:19, and also Manoah, Judges 13:15-16, 19. The reason they offered a kid was that Jehovah or the Lord cannot appear to anybody, not even to an angel, unless the one to whom He appears is in a state of innocence. Therefore as soon as the Lord is present people are brought into a state of innocence, for the Lord enters in by way of innocence, even with angels in heaven. Consequently no one is able to enter heaven unless he has a measure of innocence, according to the Lord's words recorded in Matthew 18:3; Mark 10:15; Luke 18:17. Regarding people's belief that they would die when Jehovah appeared to them if they did not offer such a burnt offering, see Judges 13:22-23.

[7] Since genuine conjugial love is innocence itself, 2736, it was customary in the representative Church for a man to go to his wife with the gift of a kid of the she-goats, as one reads of Samson in Judges 15:1, and also of Judah when he visited Tamar, Genesis 38:17, 20, 23. The fact that 'a kid' and 'a she-goat' meant innocence is also evident from the sacrifices made as guilt offerings that a person would offer if he had sinned through error, Leviticus 1:10; 4:28; 5:6. Sinning through error is sinning through ignorance that has innocence within it. The same is evident from the following Divine command in Moses,

You shall bring the first of the firstfruits of your land to the house of Jehovah your God. You shall not boil a kid in its mother's milk. Exodus 23:19; 34:26.

Here the requirement 'to bring the firstfruits of the land to the house of Jehovah' means the state of innocence which exists in early childhood; and 'not boiling a kid in its mother's milk' means that they were not to destroy the innocence of early childhood. This being their meaning, the one command, in both places referred to, follows directly after the other. In the literal sense there seems to be no connection at all between them as there is in the internal sense.

[8] Because kids and she-goats, as has been stated, meant innocence it was also required that the curtains over the tabernacle should be made from she-goat hair, Exodus 25:4; 26:7; 35:5-6, 23, 26; 36:14, as a sign that all the holy things represented in it depended for their very being on innocence. 'She-goat hair' means the last or outermost degree of innocence present in ignorance, such as exists with gentiles who in the internal sense are meant by the curtains of the tabernacle. These considerations now show what truths born of good are, and what the nature of these is, meant by the two good kids of the she-goats which Rebekah his mother spoke about to Jacob. That is to say, they are truths belonging to innocence or early childhood, meant also by the things which Esau was to bring to Isaac his father, dealt with in 3501, 3508. They were not in fact such truths, but initially they appeared to be. Thus it was that Jacob pretended by means of them to be Esau.

  
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Thanks to the Swedenborg Society for the permission to use this translation.