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Joshua 10

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1 And it was, when Adoni-zedek king of Jerusalem heard that Joshua had captured Ai, and had doomed it, as he had done to Jericho and her king, so he had done to Ai and her king; and that they who dwelt·​·in Gibeon had made·​·peace with Israel, and were among them;

2 that they feared exceedingly, because Gibeon was a great city, as one of the cities of the kingdom, and because it was greater than Ai, and all the men thereof were mighty;

3 and Adoni-zedek king of Jerusalem sent unto Hoham king of Hebron, and unto Piram king of Jarmuth, and unto Japhia king of Lachish, and unto Debir king of Eglon, saying,

4 Come·​·up unto me and help me, and let us smite Gibeon; for it has made·​·peace with Joshua, and with the sons of Israel.

5 And the five kings of the Amorite, the king of Jerusalem, the king of Hebron, the king of Jarmuth, the king of Lachish, the king of Eglon, gathered· themselves ·together and went up, they and all their camps, and encamped against Gibeon, and fought against it.

6 And the men of Gibeon sent unto Joshua, to the camp to Gilgal, saying, Slack not thy hands from upon thy servants; come·​·up to us in haste and save us and help us; for all the kings of the Amorite that dwell in the mountain are come·​·together against us.

7 And Joshua went·​·up from Gilgal, he and all the people of war with him, and all the mighty men of valor.

8 And Jehovah said unto Joshua, Fear them not, for I have given them into thy hands; there shall not a man of them stand before thee.

9 And Joshua came upon them suddenly; all the night he went·​·up from Gilgal.

10 And Jehovah routed them before Israel, and He smote them with a great smiting at Gibeon, and pursued them by the way going·​·up to Beth-choron, and smote them unto Azekah, and unto Makkedah.

11 And it was, when they fled from before Israel, they were in the descent of Beth-choron, and Jehovah cast upon them great stones from the heavens until Azekah, and they died; there were many more who died with the stones of the hail, than they whom the sons of Israel killed with the sword.

12 Then spoke Joshua to Jehovah, in the day Jehovah put the Amorite before the sons of Israel, and he said before the eyes of the sons of Israel, Sun, be·​·still in Gibeon; and moon in the valley of Ajalon!

13 And the sun kept·​·still and the moon stood, until the nation had avenged itself of its enemies. Is it not written in the Book of Jashar? And the sun stood halfway in the heavens, neither did it hurry to go down as it were an entire day.*

14 And there was not a day as this before it and after it, that Jehovah obeyed the voice of a man; for Jehovah fought for Israel.

15 And Joshua returned, and all Israel with him, unto the camp to Gilgal.

16 And these five kings fled, and hid·​·themselves in the cave at Makkedah.

17 And it was·​·told Joshua, saying, The five kings are found hidden·​·away in the cave at Makkedah.

18 And Joshua said, Roll great stones unto the mouth of the cave, and appoint men by it to keep them.

19 And you, stand not still, pursue after your enemies, and smite the hindmost* of them; allow them not to come into their cities, for Jehovah your God has given them into your hand.

20 And it was, as Joshua and the sons of Israel had completed smiting them with a very great smiting until they were entirely consumed, that the survivors who survived of them came into their fortified cities.

21 And all the people returned to the camp to Joshua, at Makkedah, in peace; no·​·one pointed his tongue at a man of the sons of Israel.

22 And Joshua said, Open the mouth of the cave, and bring·​·out unto me those five kings from the cave.

23 And they did so, and brought·​·out to him those five kings from the cave, the king of Jerusalem, the king of Hebron, the king of Jarmuth, the king of Lachish, the king of Eglon.

24 And it was, when they brought·​·out those kings unto Joshua, that Joshua called unto every man of Israel, and said unto the captains of the men of war that went with him, Come·​·near, set your feet on the necks of these kings; and they came·​·near and set their feet on their necks.

25 And Joshua said unto them, Fear not, and be· not ·dismayed; be·​·firm and have·​·courage, for thus shall Jehovah do to all your enemies against whom you fight.

26 And after this Joshua smote them, and put· them ·to·​·death, and hanged them on five trees, and they were hanging on the trees until the evening.

27 And it was, at the time of the setting* of the sun, that Joshua commanded, and they took· them ·down from the trees, and cast them down into the cave in which they had hidden·​·themselves, and they set great stones upon the mouth of the cave, unto this same day.

28 And Joshua captured Makkedah on that day, and smote it with the mouth of the sword, and her king; and he doomed them and every soul that was therein; he left no survivor: and he did to the king of Makkedah as he had done to the king of Jericho.

29 And Joshua and all Israel with him crossed·​·over from Makkedah unto Libnah, and fought·​·against Libnah.

30 And Jehovah gave it also and the king thereof into the hand of Israel; and he smote it with the mouth of the sword, and every soul who was therein; he left in it no survivor; and he did unto the king thereof as he had done unto the king of Jericho.

31 And Joshua and all Israel with him crossed·​·over from Libnah unto Lachish, and encamped against it and fought·​·against it.

32 And Jehovah gave Lachish into the hand of Israel, and he captured it on the second day, and smote it with the mouth of the sword and every soul that was therein; according to all that he had done to Libnah.

33 Then Horam king of Gezer came·​·up to help Lachish; and Joshua smote him and his people, until he left him none surviving.

34 And Joshua and all Israel with him crossed·​·over from Lachish unto Eglon; and they encamped against it and fought against it.

35 And they captured it on that day, and they smote it with the mouth of the sword, and every soul that was therein he doomed that day according to all that he had done to Lachish.

36 And Joshua went·​·up and all Israel with him from Eglon unto Hebron; and he fought against it:

37 and he captured it, and smote it with the mouth of the sword, and the king thereof, and all the cities thereof, and every soul that was therein; he left no survivor; according to all that he had done to Eglon; and he doomed it and every soul that was therein.

38 And Joshua returned and all Israel with him to Debir, and fought against it.

39 And he captured it and the king thereof, and all the cities thereof; and he smote them with the mouth of the sword; and he doomed every soul who was therein; he left no survivor; as he had done to Hebron, so he did to Debir, and to the king thereof; and as he had done to Libnah and her king.

40 And Joshua smote all the land, the mountain, and the south, and the lowland, and the watercourses, and all their kings; he left not a survivor, and all who had breath he doomed, as Jehovah the God of Israel commanded.

41 And Joshua smote them from Kadesh-barnea even·​·to Gaza, and all the land of Goshen, even·​·to Gibeon.

42 And all these kings and their land did Joshua capture at one time, because Jehovah, the God of Israel, fought for Israel.

43 And Joshua returned and all Israel with him unto the camp, toward Gilgal.

   


Thanks to the Kempton Project for the permission to use this New Church translation of the Word.

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Apocalypse Explained # 655

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655. Where also our Lord was crucified, signifies by which, namely, by the evils and the falsities therefrom springing from infernal love, He was rejected and condemned. This is evident from this, that evils themselves and their falsities springing from infernal love are what reject and condemn the Lord. These evils and the falsities thence are signified by "Sodom and Egypt," therefore it is said of the city Jerusalem that it is thus "called spiritually," for "to be called spiritually Sodom and Egypt" signifies evil itself, and the falsity therefrom.

[2] The hells are divided into two kingdoms, over against the two kingdoms in the heavens; the kingdom over against the celestial kingdom is at the back, and those who are in it are called genii; this kingdom is what is meant in the Word by "devil;" but the kingdom that is over against the spiritual kingdom is in front, and those who are in it are called evil spirits; this kingdom is what is meant in the Word by "Satan." These hells, or these two kingdoms into which the hells are divided, are meant by "Sodom and Egypt." Whether it is said evils and the falsities therefrom, or these hells, it is the same, since from these all evils and all falsities therefrom ascend.

[3] That the Jews who were at Jerusalem crucified the Lord means that He was crucified by the evils and falsities therefrom which they loved; for all things recorded in the Word respecting the Lord's passion represented the perverted state of the church with that nation. For although they accounted the Word holy, yet by their traditions they perverted all things therein until there was no longer any Divine good or truth remaining with them, and when Divine good and Divine truth, which are in the Word, no longer remain, evils and falsities from infernal love succeed in their place, and these are what crucify the Lord. (That such things are signified by the Lord's passion may be seen above, n. 83, 195, 627. That the Lord is said "to be slain" signifies that he was rejected and denied, see above, n. 328; and that the Jews were such, see above, n. 122, 433, 619; and in The Doctrine of the New Jerusalem, n.248.)

[4] As it is here said "where our Lord was crucified," it shall be told what "crucifixion" (or hanging upon wood) signified with the Jews. They had two modes of capital punishment, crucifixion and stoning; and "crucifixion" signified a condemnation and curse because of the destruction of good in the church, and "stoning" signified a condemnation and curse because of the destruction of truth in the church. "Crucifixion" signified a condemnation and curse because of the destruction of good in the church, for the reason that "wood," upon which they were hung, signified good, and in the contrary sense evil, both pertaining to the will; and "stoning" signified a condemnation and curse because of the destruction of truth in the church, for the reason that "the stone," with which they were stoned, signified truth, and in the contrary sense falsity, both pertaining to the understanding; for all things instituted with the Israelitish and Jewish nation were representative, and thence significative. (That "wood" signifies good, and in the contrary sense evil, and that a "stone" signifies truth, and in the contrary sense falsity, may be seen in the Arcana Coelestia 643[1-4], 3720, 8354.) But as it has not been known heretofore why the Jews and Israelites had the punishment of the cross and the punishment of stoning, and it is important that it should be known, I will cite some confirmations from the Word to show that these two punishments were representative.

[5] That "hanging upon wood" or "crucifixion" was inflicted because of the destruction of good in the church, and that it thus represented the evil of infernal love, whence arises a condemnation and curse, can be seen from the following passages. In Moses:

If there be a stubborn and rebellious son, obeying not the voice of his father or mother, all the men of the city shall stone him with stones that he may die. And if there be in a man a crime and judgment of death, and he be put to death, thou shalt hang him upon wood; his carcass shall not remain overnight upon the wood, but burying thou shalt bury him the same day; for he that is hanged is a curse of God, and thou shalt not defile thy land (Deuteronomy 21:18, 20-23).

"Not obeying the voice of father or mother" signifies in the spiritual sense to live contrary to the precepts and truths of the church, therefore the penalty for it was stoning; "the men of the city who were to stone him" signify those who are in the doctrine of the church, "city" signifying doctrine. "If there be in a man a crime, a judgment of death, thou shalt hang him upon wood" signifies if one has done evil against the good of the Word and of the church; because this was a capital crime he was to be hung upon wood, for in the Word "wood" signifies good, and in the contrary sense evil; "his carcass shall not remain overnight upon the wood, but thou shalt bury him the same day," signifies lest there be a representative of eternal damnation; "thou shalt not defile thy land" signifies that this would be a cause of offense to the church.

[6] In Lamentations:

Our skins are become black like an oven because of the tempests of famine; they ravished the women in Zion, the virgins in the cities of Judah; their princes were hanged up by the hand, the faces of the elders are not honored, the young men they have led away to grind, and the boys stumble under the wood (Lamentations 5:10-13).

"Zion" means the celestial church, which is in the good of love to the Lord, which church the Jewish nation represented; "the virgins in the cities of Judah" signify the affections of truth from the good of love; "their princes were hanged up by the hand" signifies that truths from good were destroyed by falsities from evil; "the faces of the elders that were not honored" signify the goods of wisdom; "the young men who were led away to grind" signify the truths from good, "to grind" signifying to acquire falsities and to confirm them from the Word; "the boys stumble under the wood" signifies newborn goods perishing through evils.

[7] A "baker" as also "bread" signifies the good of love, and a "butler" as also "wine," the truth of doctrine, therefore:

The baker was hanged on account of his crime against king Pharaoh (Genesis 40:19-22; 41:13).

This may be seen explained in the Arcana Coelestia 5139-5169). Because "Moab" means those who adulterate the goods of the church, and "Baal-peor" signifies the adulteration of good, it came to pass that:

All the chiefs of the people were hung up before the sun, because the people committed whoredom with the daughters of Moab and bowed themselves down to their gods, and joined themselves to Baal-peor (Numbers 25:1-4).

"To commit whoredom with the daughters of Moab" signifies to adulterate the goods of the church; and "to be hung up before the sun" signifies a condemnation and curse because of the destruction of the good of the church.

[8] Because "Ai" signifies the knowledges of good, and in the contrary sense the confirmations of evil:

The king of Ai was hanged on wood, and afterwards thrown down at the entrance of the gate of the city, and the city itself was burned (Joshua 8:26-29).

And because "the five kings of the Amorites" signified evils and falsities therefrom destroying the goods and truths of the church,

Those kings were hanged by Joshua, and afterwards cast into the cave of Makkedah (Joshua 10:26, 27);

"the cave of Makkedah" signifying direful falsity from evil.

[9] Again, "to be hung upon wood or to be crucified" signifies the punishment of evil that destroys the good of the church, in Matthew:

Jesus said, I send unto you prophets, wise men, and scribes; and some of them shall ye kill, crucify, and scourge in your synagogues, and persecute them from city to city (Matthew 23:34).

All things the Lord spoke He spoke from the Divine, but the Divine things from which he spoke fell into the ideas of natural thought and consequent expressions according to correspondences, like these here and elsewhere in the Gospels; and as all the words have a spiritual sense, so in that sense prophets, wise men, and scribes, are not here meant, but instead of them the truth and good of doctrine and of the Word; for spiritual thought and speech therefrom, like that of angels, is without the idea of person; so a "prophet" signifies the truth of doctrine, "wise men" the good of doctrine, and "scribes" the Word from which is doctrine; from this it follows that "to kill" has reference to the truth of the doctrine of the church, which is meant by a "prophet;" "to crucify" has reference to the good of doctrine, which is meant by "a wise man," and "to scourge" has reference to the Word, which is meant by a "scribe;" thus "to kill" signifies to extinguish, "to crucify" to destroy, and "to scourge" to pervert. That they will wander from one falsity of doctrine into another is signified by "persecuting them from city to city," "city" signifying doctrine. This is the spiritual sense of these words.

[10] In the same:

Jesus said to the disciples that He must suffer at Jerusalem, and that the Son of man shall be delivered to the chief priests and scribes, and they shall condemn Him, and deliver Him up to the Gentiles to be mocked, to be scourged, and to be crucified; and the third day He shall rise again (Matthew 20:18, 19; Mark 10:32-34).

The spiritual sense of these words is that Divine truth, in the church where mere falsities of doctrine and evils of life reign, shall be blasphemed, its truth shall be perverted, and its good destroyed. "The Son of man" signifies Divine truth, which is the Word, and "Jerusalem" signifies the church where mere falsities and evils reign; "the chief priests and scribes" signify the adulterations of good and the falsifications of truth, both from infernal love; "to condemn Him and deliver Him to the Gentiles" signifies to assign Divine truth and Divine good to hell and to deliver them to the evils and falsities that are from hell, the "Gentiles" signifying the evils that are from hell and that destroy the goods of the church; "to be mocked, to be scourged, and to be crucified," signifies to blaspheme, falsify and pervert the truth, and to adulterate and destroy the good of the church and of the Word (as above); "and the third day He shall rise again" signifies the complete glorification of the Lord's Human.

[11] From this it can be seen what is signified in the spiritual sense by the Lord's crucifixion, also what is signified by the various mockings then connected with it, as that "they put a crown of thorns on His head," that "they smote Him with a reed," and also that "they spat in His face," with many other things related in the Gospels, this signifying that the Jewish nation treated Divine truth and good itself, which was the Lord, in a like heinous manner; for the Lord suffered the heinous state of that church to be represented in Himself; and this was also signified by:

His bearing their iniquities (Isaiah 53:11).

For it was a common thing for a prophet to take upon himself a representation of the heinous things of the church; thus the prophet Isaiah was commanded to go naked and barefoot three years, to represent the church as destitute of good and truth (Isaiah 20:3, 4); the prophet Ezekiel, bound in cords, laid siege to a tile on which Jerusalem was depicted, and ate a cake of barley made with the dung of an ox, to represent that the truth and good of the church was thus besieged by falsities and polluted by evils (Ezekiel 4:1-13); the prophet Hosea was commanded to take a harlot to himself for a woman, and children of whoredoms, to represent what the quality of the church was at that time (Hosea 1:1-11); with other like things. That this was "bearing the iniquities of the house of Israel" or the church is plainly declared in Ezekiel 4:5, 6. From this it can be seen that all things recorded concerning the passion of the Lord were representative of the state of the church at that time with the Jewish nation.

[12] Thus much respecting the punishment of "hanging upon wood or crucifixion." This is not the place to confirm from the Word that the other punishment, which was "stoning," signified a condemnation and curse because of the destroyed truth of the church, but it can be seen from the passages where "stoning" is mentioned (as in Exodus 21:28-33; Leviticus 24:10-17, 23; Numbers 15:32-37; Deuteronomy 13:10; 17:5-7; 22:20, 21, 24; Ezekiel 16:39-41; 23:45-47; Matthew 23:37; Luke 13:34; 20:6; John 8:7; 10:31, 32; and elsewhere).

  
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Thanks to the Swedenborg Foundation for their permission to use this translation.