Bible

 

ヨシュア記 8

Studie

   

1 はヨシュアに言われた、「恐れてはならない、おののいてはならない。いくさびとを皆、率い、立って、アイに攻め上りなさい。わたしはアイの王とその民、その、その地をあなたのに授ける。

2 あなたは、さきにエリコとその王にしたとおり、アイとその王とにしなければならない。ただし、ぶんどり物と家畜とは戦利品としてあなたがたのものとすることができるであろう。あなたはまず、のうしろに伏兵を置きなさい」。

3 ヨシュアは立って、すべてのいくさびとと共に、アイに攻め上ろうとして、まず大勇士三万人を選び、それをのうちにつかわした。

4 ヨシュアは彼らに命じて言った、「あなたがたはに向かって、のうしろに伏せていなければならない。を遠く離れないで、みな備えをしていなければならない。

5 わたしとわたしに従う民とは皆共に、に攻め寄せよう。そして彼らがのようにわれわれにむかって出てくるとき、われわれは彼らのから逃げるであろう。

6 そうすれば彼らはわれわれを追って出てくるであろうから、われわれはついに彼らをからおびき出すことができる。彼らは言うであろう、『この人々はまたのように、われわれのから逃げていく』。こうしてわれわれは彼らのから逃げるであろう。

7 その時、あなたがたは伏せている所から立ち上がって、を取らなければならない。あなたがたのがそれをあなたがたのに与えられるからである。

8 あなたがたが、を取ったならば、を放ち、命じられたようにしなければならない。わたしはこう、あなたがたに命じるのである」。

9 そうしてヨシュアが彼らをつかわしたので、彼らはアイの西方、ベテルとアイの間の待ち伏せする場所に行って身を伏せた。ヨシュアはその、民の中に宿った。

10 ヨシュアは明くる、早く起きて、民を集め、イスラエルの長老たちと共に、民に先立って、アイに上っていった。

11 彼と共にいたいくさびとたちもみな上っていって、の前に近づき、アイのに陣を取った。彼らとアイの間には、一つの谷があった。

12 ヨシュアはおおよそ五人をとって、の西方、ベテルとアイの間に、伏せておいた。

13 こうして民の主力をにおき、しんがりをの西においた。ヨシュアはそのの中で宿った。

14 アイの王はこれを見て、すべての民と共に、急いで早く起き、アラバに行く下り坂に進み出て、イスラエルと戦った。しかし、王はのうしろに、すきをうかがう伏兵のおることを知らなかった。

15 ヨシュアはイスラエルのすべての人々と共に、彼らに打ち破られたふりをして、荒野の方向へ逃げだしたので、

16 そのの民はみな呼ばわり集まって彼らのあとを追い、ヨシュアのあとを追ってからおびき出され、

17 アイにもベテルにも残っているものはひとりもなく、みな出てイスラエルのあとを追い、を開け放して、イスラエルのあとを追った。

18 その時、はヨシュアに言われた、「あなたのにあるなげやりを、アイの方にさし伸べなさい。わたしはそのをあなたの与えるであろう」。そこでヨシュアがにしていたなげやりを、アイの方にさし伸べると、

19 伏兵はたちまちその場所から立ち上がり、ヨシュアがをのべると同時に、走ってに入り、それを取って、ただちにをかけた。

20 それでアイの人々が、うしろをふり返って見ると、の焼けるが天に立ちのぼっていたので、こちらへもあちらへも逃げるすべがなかった。荒野へ逃げていった民も身をかえして、追ってきた者に迫った。

21 ヨシュアとすべてのイスラエルびとは、伏兵がを取り、の焼けるが立ち上るのを見て、身をかえしてアイの人々を撃った。

22 またを取ったものはを出て彼らに向かったので、彼らは、こちらとあちらとからイスラエルの中にはさまれた。こうしてイスラエルびとが彼らを撃ったので、生き残ったもの、逃げおおせたものは、ひとりもなかった。

23 そしてアイの王を生けどりにして、ヨシュアのもとへ連れてきた。

24 イスラエルびとは、荒野に追撃してきたアイの住民をことごとく野で殺し、つるぎをもってひとりも残さず撃ち倒してのち、皆アイに帰り、つるぎをもってその町を撃ち滅ぼした。

25 そのアイの人々はことごとく倒れた。その数は男女あわせて一万人であった。

26 ヨシュアはアイの住民をことごとく滅ぼしつくすまでは、なげやりをさし伸べたを引っこめなかった。

27 ただし、そのの家畜および、ぶんどり品はイスラエルびとが自分たちの戦利品として取った。がヨシュアに命じられた言葉にしたがったのである。

28 こうしてヨシュアはアイを焼いて、永久に荒塚としたが、それは今日まで荒れ地となっている。

29 ヨシュアはまた、アイの王を夕方までに掛けてさらし、入るころ、命じて、その死体から取りおろし、の入口に投げすて、その上に石の大塚を積み上げさせたが、それは今日まで残っている。

30 そしてヨシュアはエバルイスラエルの主のために一つの祭壇を築いた。

31 これは主のしもべモーセイスラエルの人々に命じたことにもとづき、モーセの律法の書にしるされているように、の道具を当てない自然のままの石の祭壇であって、人々はその上で、に燔祭をささげ、酬恩祭を供えた。

32 その所で、ヨシュアはまたモーセの書きしるした律法を、イスラエルの人々ので、書き写した。

33 こうしてすべてのイスラエルびとは、本国人も、寄留の他国人も、長老、つかさびと、さばきびとと共に、主の契約の箱をかくレビびとである祭司たちの前で、箱のこなたとかなたに分れて、半ばはゲリジムの前に、半ばはエバルの前に立った。これは主のしもべモーセがさきに命じたように、イスラエルの民を祝福するためであった。

34 そして、ヨシュアはすべての律法の書にしるされている所にしたがって、祝福と、のろいとに関する律法の言葉をことごとく読んだ。

35 モーセが命じたすべての言葉のうち、ヨシュアがイスラエルの会衆および女と子どもたち、ならびにイスラエルのうちに住む寄留の他国人の前で、読まなかったものは一つもなかった。

   

Komentář

 

Exploring the Meaning of Joshua 8

Napsal(a) New Christian Bible Study Staff, Julian Duckworth

Joshua 8: The fall of Ai and the renewal of the covenant.

The events of this chapter - and their spiritual meaning for us - follow on from the previous chapter. After their first setback at Ai, the Children of Israel take the city of Ai by using a clever ruse. Joshua chose thirty thousand men for the battle. The plan was for five thousand of them to hide near the city, while he led the main army to attack the city. Then, Joshua and his forces would pretend to run away, pursued by the men of Ai. Those who had hidden were then to come out, go into the city, and set it on fire. The men of Ai would see this and run back, get ambushed, and be caught between Joshua’s two armies.

It all happened as planned, and Israel took Ai. (See Arcana Caelestia 1557). As with Jericho, everything in Ai was commanded to be destroyed, except that in this case the livestock and the city’s spoils were to be kept. The whole city was burned and its king was hanged on a tree until sunset and then his body was thrown down at the city entrance with a great heap of stones put over it.

The basic spiritual meaning of any battle in the Bible such as this, is to show how a heavenly principle can and will overcome a hellish or evil attack, especially for us, during some temptation - when we seek to resist and fight back.

Evil is only strong in illusion and fear-mongering; when the light of what is true shines on evil it gets shown for what it is. (Heaven and Hell 49)

The city’s name “Ai” means “a heap”. The word gets used several times in the text of the chapter. A heap implies rubble and rubbish. Cities sometimes look noble and well-planned; in Ai’s case it was the very opposite - a heap, a ruin. (Heaven and Hell 586[2])

While Jericho generally represents our wrong thinking, which first stands in the way of our regeneration and spiritual will, Ai represents our evil emotions and our selfish passions. Both of them must fall before we can make further progress.

Joshua chooses a large number to go against a relatively few in Ai, who nevertheless all rush out to fight Israel. “There was not a man left in Ai or Bethel who did not go out after Israel. Thus they left the city open.” (Joshua 8:17)

Joshua’s tactic of drawing out the men of Ai means our challenge to evil - by confronting it with the truths and commandments we know and obey. Joshua’s pretence of fleeing away draws Ai out in glee, interpreting the flight as a real retreat. Then everything turns, and Joshua’s men go forward representing the power of the truth, the Word and our persuasion of their effectiveness in winning. (Arcana Caelestia 6344[4])

Ai’s men see their city on fire, for other Israelites entered Ai and set it ablaze. This represents the self-condemnation of evil, of hell, when it is exposed to what is true, heavenly and of God. But Joshua’s men, lying in ambush and waiting for the moment, represent our keen observation of how our selfish desires work to cause havoc in us. They are 5,000. Symbolically, in the Bible, five or its multiples always stand for a small amount - but enough to use.

Hanging the king of Ai stands for our need to put down the controlling power of any evil which stirs us. And all Ai is destroyed, because all evil must be turned against and refused.

Then, and only then, Joshua remakes the covenant with the Lord God; he builds an altar, he writes a copy on stones of the Law of Moses in the presence of all Israel, the priests stand in two groups in front of two mountains, then Joshua reads the words of blessing and cursing and all the Law of Moses.

After we resist any evil and its temptation, we must re-hear and re-affirm the truth that this was the Lord’s victory, not ours, and re-dedicate ourselves to the life the Lord gives us. (True Christian Religion 13[2])

Ze Swedenborgových děl

 

Arcana Coelestia # 6344

Prostudujte si tuto pasáž

  
/ 10837  
  

6344. 'And the beginning of my strength' means that through that faith comes the initial power which truth possesses. This is clear from the meaning of 'the beginning of strength' as initial power; and since 'strength' is used with reference to truth, the initial power that truth possesses is what is meant. A similar usage occurs in Isaiah,

Jehovah imparts might to the weary, and to him who has no strength He gives greater power. Isaiah 40:29.

Here 'might' is used with reference to good and 'strength' to truth, 'power' with reference to both.

A brief statement will be made about how one should understand the explanation that through faith comes the power which good possesses, and the initial power which truth possesses, meant by 'Reuben my firstborn, you are my might and the beginning of my strength'. In the spiritual world all power comes from good through truth; without good truth has no power at all. For truth is so to speak the body, and good so to speak the soul of that body, and to accomplish anything the soul must act through the body. From this it is evident that truth without good has no power at all, even as the body without the soul has none at all. A body without its soul is a corpse; so too is truth without good.

[2] As soon as good effects the birth of faith that is composed of truth, power reveals itself in truth. This power is what is called the initial power that truth possesses through faith and is what is meant by 'the beginning of strength', as in other places in the Word where the condition of the firstborn is referred to, for example in David,

He smote all the firstborn in Egypt, the beginning of strength in the tents of Ham. Psalms 78:51.

And in another place,

He smote all the firstborn in their land, the beginning of all their strength. Psalms 105:36.

Also in Deuteronomy,

He must acknowledge the firstborn son of her that is hated, to give him two parts of all that will be found for him, in that he is the beginning of his strength; the right of the first born is his. Deuteronomy 21:17.

[3] The genuine meaning of 'the firstborn' is the good of charity, though the apparent meaning is the truth of faith, 3325, 4925, 4926, 4928, 4930. And because both that good and this truth are the fundamental qualities of the Church, the ancients spoke of the firstborn as his 'father's might and the beginning of his strength'. The fact that those fundamental qualities were meant by 'the firstborn' is quite evident from the considerations that everything which was a firstborn was Jehovah's or the Lord's and that the tribe of Levi was taken instead of all the firstborn and became the priesthood.

[4] Scarcely anyone in the world can know what the power possessed by truth coming from good is; but it is known to those in the next life, and so can be known through revelation from there. People in possession of truth that comes from good, that is, of faith derived from charity, possess power that comes through truth from good. All angels possess that power, which also is why in the Word angels are called 'powers'. For they have the power to restrain evil spirits; even one angel can restrain a thousand together. Their power they use most especially among men; sometimes they protect a person from numerous hells, in thousands of ways.

[5] This power that angels possess comes to them through the truth of faith derived from the good of charity. But because the faith they have comes from the Lord, the Lord alone is the power that resides with them. This power which comes from the Lord through faith is meant by the Lord's words to Peter,

On this rock I will build My Church, and the gates of hell will not prevail against it. And I will give you the keys of the kingdom of heaven; and whatever you bind on earth will be bound in heaven, and whatever you loose on earth will be loosed in heaven. Matthew 16:18-19.

These words were addressed to Peter because he represented faith, see Preface to Genesis 22, as well as 3750, 4738, 6000, 6073 (end). Also wherever 'rock', 1 as Peter is called here, occurs in the Word, faith is meant in its internal sense, and the Lord in respect of faith in its highest sense.

Poznámky pod čarou:

1. Reading petram (rock), which Swedenborg has in his rough draft, for Petrum (Peter).

  
/ 10837  
  

Thanks to the Swedenborg Society for the permission to use this translation.