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ヨシュア記 15

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1 ユダの人々の部族が、その家族にしたがって、くじで獲た地は、の方では、エドムの境に達し、のはてにあるチンの荒野に及んでいた。

2 そのの境は、の端の、入から起り、

3 アクラビムの坂のに出てチンに進み、カデシ・バルネアのから上って、ヘヅロンに進み、アダルに上っていって、カルカに回り、

4 アヅモンに進んで、エジプトに達し、その境はに至って尽きる。これが彼らのの境である。

5 東の境はであって、ヨルダンの川口に達する。の方の境は、ヨルダンの川口の、入から起り、

6 上ってベテホグラに行き、ベテアラバのを過ぎ、上ってルベンびとボハンのに達し、

7 またアコルのからデビルに上って、におもむき、にあるアドミムの坂に対するギルガルに向かって進み、エンシメシの水に達し、エンロゲルに至って尽きる。

8 またその境はベンヒンノムのに沿って、エブスびとの地、すなわちエルサレムのわきに上り、ヒンノムのの西にあるの頂に上る。これはレパイムのの果にあるものである。

9 その境は、このの頂からネフトアのの源に至り、その所からエフロン々に及び、その境は曲ってバアラに達する。これは、すなわちキリアテ・ヤリムである。

10 その境は、バアラから西に回って、セイルに及び、ヤリム、すなわちケサロンののわきを経て、ベテシメシに下り、テムナに進み、

11 エクロンののわきに出て、シッケロンに曲り、バアラに進み、ヤブネルに達し、に至って尽きる。

12 また西の境は大であって、海岸を境とした。これがユダの人々の、その家族にしたがって獲た地の四方の境である。

13 ヨシュアは、に命じられたように、エフンネのカレブに、ユダの人々のうちで、キリアテ・アルバ、すなわちヘブロンを与えて、その分とさせた。アルバはアナクの父であった。

14 カレブはその所から、アナクの人を追い払った。すなわち、セシャイ、アヒマン、およびタルマイであって、アナクから出たものである。

15 そして彼はこの所からデビルに住む民の所に攻め上った。デビルの名は、もとはキリアテ・セペルといった。

16 カレブは言った、「キリアテ・セペルを撃って、これを取る者には、わたしの娘アクサをとして与えるであろう」。

17 ケナズので、カレブの弟オテニエルがそれを取ったので、カレブは娘アクサを、として彼に与えた。

18 彼女がとつぐ時、を父に求めるようにと、オテニエルに勧められた。そして彼女が、ろばから降りたので、カレブは彼女に、何を望むのかとたずねた。

19 彼女は答えて言った、「わたしに贈り物をください。あなたはネゲブの地に、わたしをやられるのですから、泉をもください」。カレブは彼女に上の泉と下の泉とを与えた。

20 ユダの人々の部族が、その家族にしたがって獲た嗣業は、次のとおりである。

21 ユダの人々の部族が、エドムの境の方にもっていた遠くの々は、カブジエル、エデル、ヤグル、

22 キナ、デモナ、アダダ、

23 ケデシ、ハゾル、イテナン、

24 ジフ、テレム、ベアロテ、

25 ハゾル・ハダッタ、ケリオテ・ヘヅロンすなわちハゾル、

26 アマム、シマ、モラダ、

27 ハザルガダ、ヘシモン、ベテペレテ、

28 ハザル・シュアル、ベエルシバ、ビジョテヤ、

29 バアラ、イイム、エゼム、

30 エルトラデ、ケシル、ホルマ、

31 チクラグ、マデマンナ、サンサンナ、

32 レバオテ、シルヒム、アイン、リンモン。これらのは合わせて二十、ならびにそれに属する々。

33 平地では、エシタオル、ゾラ、アシナ、

34 ザノア、エンガンニム、タップア、エナム、

35 ヤルムテ、アドラム、ソコ、アゼカ、

36 シャアライム、アデタイム、ゲデラ、ゲデロタイム。すなわち十四々と、それに属する々。

37 ゼナン、ハダシャ、ミグダルガデ、

38 デラン、ミヅパ、ヨクテル、

39 ラキシ、ボヅカテ、エグロン、

40 カボン、ラマム、キテリシ、

41 ゲデロテ、ベテダゴン、ナアマ、マッケダ。すなわち十六の々と、それに属する々。

42 またリブナ、エテル、アシャン、

43 イフタ、アシナ、ネジブ、

44 ケイラ、アクジブ、マレシャ。すなわちつの々と、それに属する々。

45 エクロンと、その町々、および々。

46 エクロンからまで、すべてアシドドのほとりにある町々、およびそれに属する々。

47 アシドドとその町々および々。ガザとその町々および々。エジプトと大海岸までが、その境であった。

48 地では、シャミル、ヤッテル、ソコ、

49 ダンナ、キリアテ・サンナすなわちデビル、

50 アナブ、エシテモ、アニム、

51 ゴセン、ホロン、ギロ。すなわち十一の々と、それに属する々。

52 アラブ、ドマ、エシャン、

53 ヤニム、ベテタップア、アペカ、

54 ホムタ、キリアテ・アルバすなわちヘブロン、ヂオル。すなわちつの々と、それに属する々。

55 マオン、カルメル、ジフ、ユッタ、

56 エズレル、ヨクデアム、ザノア、

57 カインギベア、テムナ。すなわち十の々と、それに属する々。

58 ハルホル、ベテズル、ゲドル、

59 マアラテ、ベテアノテ、エルテコン。すなわちつの々と、それに属する々。

60 キリアテ・バアルすなわちキリアテ・ヤリム、ラバ。これらのつのとそれに属する々。

61 荒野では、ベテアラバ、ミデン、セカカ、

62 ニブシャン、、エンゲデ。すなわちつの々と、それに属する々。

63 しかし、ユダの人々は、エルサレム住民エブスびとを追い払うことができなかった。それでエブスびとは今日まで、ユダの人々と共にエルサレムに住んでいる。

   

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Exploring the Meaning of Joshua 15

Napsal(a) New Christian Bible Study Staff, Julian Duckworth

Joshua 15: Judah’s territory and more about Caleb.

This chapter describes the territory given to the tribe of Judah, and lists many of its cities and borders. Judah received a major portion of the land of Canaan; its eastern border was the Salt Sea (the Dead Sea), and the western border was the Great Sea (the Mediterranean).

Although Judah was the fourth son of Jacob, he played a more significant role in many of the Old Testament stories than his older brothers did. So, it is not surprising that the tribe of Judah received extensive territory in the south of Canaan, which in later time became the nation of Judah, along with the tribe of Benjamin’s small territory. The name ‘Judah’ also eventually led to the name ‘Jewish’, coming from the Roman province of Judaea. The name ‘Judah’ also means “praise”, specifically praise of God (see Swedenborg’s work, Arcana Caelestia 456).

Praise itself is a commendation of a person’s good qualities. To give praise is part of our love for our neighbour; to receive praise underscores our sense of our own value. To praise the Lord is to give thanks to Him, and to affirm the difference that the Lord makes in our life. Ultimately, praise is part of our faith in the Lord to lead us through this life and for eternity.

This uplifting, positive spiritual meaning of Judah does not mean that Judah (the man in the Old Testament) was without faults. He had his flaws, as everyone does, but at times Judah changed the course of events for a better outcome. It was Judah who persuaded his brothers to sell Joseph rather than kill him, and he also offered himself as a hostage for the sake of his brothers (Arcana Caelestia 4815[2]).

Chapter 15 lists very many locations in Judah’s territory. Here are just a few of the places listed, along with their meaning and spiritual significance:

Judah = “praise”

Spiritually = our worship of God

Which includes these, and many more aspects…

Zin = “flat, level ground”

Spiritually = life under God’s guidance

Kadesh Barnea = “holy wanderings”

Spiritually = becoming purified

Beth Hoglah = “house of the partridge”

Spiritually = bringing to birth

En Rogel = “water spring of the foot”

Spiritually = life in everyday activities

Jerusalem = “dwelling place of peace; wholeness”

Spiritually = our highest spiritual state

Nephtoah = “to be open”

Spiritually = to be part of all life

Timnah = “allotted portion”

Spiritually = what the Lord has created me for

Mount Hebron, which was in the territory of Judah, was given to Caleb as an inheritance because of his faithfulness to God. We read in this chapter that he conquers the giants living there, and drives them away from Mount Hebron. Caleb makes a promise that whoever takes the nearby city of Kirjath-sepher will have his daughter, Achsah, for a wife. Caleb’s brother’s son, Othniel, captures the city and marries Achsah. Caleb blesses Achsah and gives her springs of water upon her request, and he also gives Othniel a field.

The spiritual meaning of this touching story is that our spiritual life is intended to come together to be like a family (Arcana Caelestia 3020), just as Caleb, Achsah and Othniel are all close members of a family. Spiritual life is about bringing together our beliefs, our loves and affections, our intentions, and our actions. These different aspects of spiritual life become like one family where everyone – or everything – is interwoven together.

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Arcana Coelestia # 4815

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4815. 'That Judah went down from his brothers' means the descendants of Jacob, in particular the tribe of Judah which was separated from the rest. This is clear from the representation of 'Judah' in the universal sense as the descendants of Jacob, and in a particular sense as the tribe called the tribe of Judah; and from the meaning of 'going down from his brothers' as being separated from the rest of the tribes, here as a departure into evil worse than theirs. 'Going down' implies a decline into evil, since 'going up' implies a lifting up to what is good, 3084, 4539. The reason for this is, as also stated already, that the land of Canaan represented the Lord's kingdom, and Jerusalem and Zion in that land the inmost part of this kingdom. But the regions outside the boundaries of that land represented things outside the Lord's kingdom, namely falsity and evil. Consequently the expression 'to go down' was used when going from Zion and Jerusalem towards the boundaries of the land, but 'to go up' when going from the boundaries towards Jerusalem and Zion. This is why 'going up' implies a lifting up to truth and goodness, and 'going down' a decline into falsity and evil. As the reference here is to the falsity and evil into which the tribe of Judah declined, the expression 'Judah went down' is used, and after that 'he turned aside to a man, an Adullamite', 'turning aside' meaning that it declined into falsity and then into evil.

[2] It is well known that the tribe of Judah was separated from the rest of the tribes. The reason for the separation was so that the tribe might represent the Lord's celestial kingdom, and the rest of the tribes His spiritual kingdom. This being so, Judah also describes, in the representative sense, the celestial man, and in the universal sense the Lord's celestial kingdom, 3654, 3881. The rest of the tribes however were referred to by the single term 'the Israelites', for in the representative sense Israel describes the spiritual man, and in the universal sense the Lord's spiritual kingdom, 3654, 4286.

[3] The decline of the tribe of Judah into evil worse than that of the rest is the particular meaning of these words - 'and Judah went down from his brothers, and turned aside'. The departure of the tribe of Judah into evil worse than that of the rest is clear from many places in the Word, in particular in the Prophets, as in Jeremiah,

Her treacherous sister Judah saw when, because of all the ways in which estranged Israel committed adultery, I sent her away and gave her a decree of divorce; yet her treacherous sister Judah did not fear, but she also went and committed whoredom, so much so that with the voice of her whoredom she profaned the land; she committed adultery with stone and wood. Yet for all this treacherous Judah has not returned to Me. Estranged Israel has justified her soul more than treacherous Judah. Jeremiah 3:7-11.

And in Ezekiel,

Her sister did indeed see, yet she corrupted her own love more than she, and her own acts of whoredom beyond her sister's acts of whoredom. Ezekiel 23:11-end.

These, in addition to many others elsewhere, are references to Jerusalem and Samaria, that is, to the tribe of Judah and the tribes of Israel.

[4] Described in the internal sense of this chapter is the way in which that tribe sank into falsity, and from this into evil, and at length into that which was wholly idolatrous. This, it is true, is described in the internal sense even before that tribe was separated from the rest and before it came to be as mentioned above. But that which is contained in the internal sense is Divine, and to the Divine future things are also present ones. See what was foretold about that nation in Deuteronomy 31:16-21; 32:15-43.

  
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Thanks to the Swedenborg Society for the permission to use this translation.