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Genesi 38

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1 Or avvenne che, in quel tempo, Giuda discese di presso ai suoi fratelli, e andò a stare da un uomo di Adullam, che avea nome Hira.

2 E Giuda vide quivi la figliuola di un Cananeo, chiamato Shua; e se la prese, e convisse con lei.

3 Ed ella concepì e partorì un figliuolo, al quale egli pose nome Er.

4 Poi ella concepì di nuovo, e partorì un figliuolo, al quale pose nome Onan.

5 E partorì ancora un figliuolo, al quale pose nome Scela. Or Giuda era a Kezib, quand’ella lo partorì.

6 E Giuda prese per Er, suo primogenito, una moglie che avea nome Tamar.

7 Ma Er, primogenito di Giuda, era perverso agli occhi dell’Eterno, e l’Eterno lo fece morire.

8 Allora Giuda disse a Onan: "Va’ dalla moglie del tuo fratello, prenditela come cognato, e suscita una progenie al tuo fratello".

9 E Onan, sapendo che quella progenie non sarebbe sua, quando s’accostava alla moglie del suo fratello, faceva in modo d’impedire il concepimento, per non dar progenie al fratello.

10 Ciò ch’egli faceva dispiacque all’Eterno, il quale fece morire anche lui.

11 Allora Giuda disse a Tamar sua nuora: "Rimani vedova in casa di tuo padre, finché Scela, mio figliuolo, sia cresciuto". Perché diceva: "Badiamo che anch’egli non muoia come i suoi fratelli". E Tamar se ne andò, e dimorò in casa di suo padre.

12 Passaron molti giorni, e morì la figliuola di Shua, moglie di Giuda; e dopo che Giuda si fu consolato, salì da quelli che tosavan le sue pecore a Timna; egli col suo amico Hira, l’Adullamita.

13 Di questo fu informata Tamar, e le fu detto: "Ecco, il tuo suocero sale a Timna a tosare le sue pecore".

14 Allora ella si tolse le vesti da vedova, si coprì d’un velo, se ne avvolse tutta, e si pose a sedere alla porta di Enaim, ch’è sulla via di Timna; poiché vedeva che Scela era cresciuto, e nondimeno, lei non gli era stata data per moglie.

15 Come Giuda la vide, la prese per una meretrice, perch’essa aveva il viso coperto.

16 E accostatosi a lei sulla via, le disse: "Lasciami venire da te!" Poiché non sapeva ch’ella fosse sua nuora. Ed ella rispose: "Che mi darai per venire da me?"

17 Ed egli le disse: "Ti manderò un capretto del mio gregge". Ed ella: "Mi darai tu un pegno finché tu me l’abbia mandato?"

18 Ed egli: "Che pegno ti darò?" E l’altra rispose: "Il tuo sigillo, il tuo cordone e il bastone che hai in mano". Egli glieli dette, andò da lei, ed ella rimase incinta di lui.

19 Poi ella si levò, e se ne andò; si tolse il velo, e si rimise le vesti da vedova.

20 E Giuda mandò il capretto per mezzo del suo amico, l’Adullamita, affin di ritirare il pegno di man di quella donna; ma egli non la trovò.

21 Interrogò la gente del luogo, dicendo: "Dov’è quella meretrice che stava a Enaim, sulla via?" E quelli risposero: "Qui non c’è stata alcuna meretrice".

22 Ed egli se ne tornò a Giuda, e gli disse: "Non l’ho trovata; e, per di più, la gente del luogo m’ha detto: Qui non c’è stata alcuna meretrice".

23 E Giuda disse: "Si tenga pure il pegno, che non abbiamo a incorrere nel disprezzo. Ecco, io ho mandato questo capretto, e tu non l’hai trovata".

24 Or circa tre mesi dopo, vennero a dire a Giuda: "Tamar, tua nuora, si è prostituita; e, per di più, eccola incinta in seguito alla sua prostituzione". E Giuda disse: "Menatela fuori, e sia arsa!"

25 Come la menavano fuori, ella mandò a dire al suocero: "Sono incinta dell’uomo al quale appartengono queste cose". E disse: "Riconosci, ti prego, di chi siano questo sigillo, questi cordoni e questo bastone".

26 Giuda li riconobbe, e disse: "Ella è più giusta di me, giacché io non l’ho data a Scela, mio figliuolo". Ed egli non ebbe più relazioni con lei.

27 Or quando venne il tempo in cui doveva partorire, ecco ch’essa aveva in seno due gemelli.

28 E mentre partoriva, l’un d’essi mise fuori una mano; e la levatrice la prese, e vi legò un filo di scarlatto, dicendo: "Questo qui esce il primo".

29 Ma egli ritirò la mano, ed ecco uscir fuori il suo fratello. Allora la levatrice disse: "Perché ti sei fatta questa breccia?" Per questo motivo gli fu messo nome Perets.

30 Poi uscì il suo fratello, che aveva alla mano il filo di scarlatto; e fu chiamato Zerach.

   

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Arcana Coelestia # 4843

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4843. 'To Tamar his daughter-in-law' means a Church representative of spiritual and celestial things, which is called 'a daughter-in-law' from truth. This is clear from the representation of 'Tamar' as a Church representative of spiritual and celestial things, dealt with above in 4831, and from the meaning of 'a daughter-in-law' as the spiritual element of the Church, which is truth. The reason 'a daughter-in-law' has this meaning in the internal sense is that everything connected with a marriage, and all persons who were the offspring of a marriage, represented the kinds of things that belong to the heavenly marriage, see above in 4837, and consequently the kinds of things that belong to good and truth since these are the two partners in the heavenly marriage. This is why in the Word 'husband' means good and 'wife' truth, and also why 'sons and daughters' means the forms of truth and good which are the offspring of these. Consequently, being the wife of a son who has now become a husband, 'a daughter-in-law' means the truth of the Church which has been joined to good, and so on. But the meaning is different in the case of those who belong to the celestial Church from that of those who belong to the spiritual Church; for in the spiritual Church the husband is called 'the men' and means truth, while the wife is called 'the woman' and means good, see above in 4823.

[2] As regards 'a daughter-in-law' in the internal sense of the Word meaning the truth of the Church linked to its good, and consequently in the contrary sense meaning the falsity of the Church linked to its evil, this may also be seen from places in the Word where the expression 'daughter-in-law' is used, as in Hosea,

They offer sacrifice on mountain-tops and burn incense on hills, under oak. and poplar, and hard oak, because its shade is good. Therefore your daughters commit whoredom, and your daughters-in-law commit adultery. Shall I not punish 1 your daughters, in that they commit whoredom and your daughters-in-law in that they commit adultery? Hosea 4:13-14.

This refers to the worship of evil and falsity, the worship of evil being meant by 'offering sacrifices on mountain-tops' and the worship of falsity by 'burning incense on hills'. A life of evil is meant by 'daughters committing whoredom', and the teaching of what is false from which a life of evil results is meant by 'daughters-in-law committing adultery'. As regards acts of adultery and whoredom in the Word meaning adulterations of what is good and falsifications of what is true, see 2466, 2727, 3399. 'Daughters-in-law' therefore stands here for affections for falsity.

[3] In Micah,

The great man utters the perversity of his soul. and he twists it out of shape. The best of them is like a brier, the upright like a thorn-bush. The son treats the father with contempt, the daughter rises up against her mother, the daughter-in-law against her mother-in-law; a man's enemies are those of his own household. Micah 7:3-4, 6.

This refers to falsity that is the offspring of evil and which exists with the Church in the last times when it has been laid waste, in the proximate sense as it existed with the Jewish Church. 'The daughter rises up against her mother' means that the affection for evil stands opposed to truth, and 'the daughter-in-law against her mother-in-law' that the affection for falsity stands opposed to good.

[4] Because the experience of a person undergoing temptations is of a similar nature to this - for in temptations a conflict takes place between evil and truth and between falsity and good, spiritual temptations being nothing else than experiences when the falsity and evil present in a person are laid waste - temptations or spiritual conflicts are described by the Lord in practically the same words,

Jesus said, Do not think that I have come to bring peace on earth; I have not come to bring peace, but a sword. For I have come to set a man against his father, and a daughter against her mother, and a daughter-in-law against her mother-in-law; and a man's enemies will be these of his own household. Matthew 10:34-36, 38.

The words from the Prophet that are similar to these, quoted a little above them, meant the laying waste of the Church. But here the temptations of those who belong to the Church are meant, for, as has been stated, temptations are nothing else than experiences in which falsity and evil are laid waste or taken away. For this reason also temptations as well as vastations are meant and described by deluges and floods of waters, 705, 739, 756, 790. Here also therefore 'daughter against mother' means the affection for evil standing opposed to truth, and 'daughter-in-law against mother-in-law' the affection for falsity standing opposed to good. Now because the evils and falsities present with a person undergoing temptation exist inwardly, or are his own, they are called members of his own household in the words 'a man's enemies will be those of his own household'. The fact that temptations are described in this passage is evident from the Lord's saying that He had not come to bring peace on earth but a sword; for 'a sword' means truth engaged in conflict, and in the contrary sense falsity engaged in conflict, 2799, 4499. (Yet He did come to bring peace, John 14:27; 16:33.) The description of temptations in this passage is also clear from what the Lord goes on to say - 'He who does not take up his cross and follow after Me is not worthy of Me'.

[5] Similarly in Luke,

Do you think that I have come to give peace on earth? No, I tell you, but division; for from now on there will be in one house five divided, three against two, and two against three. Father will be divided against son and son against father, mother against daughter and daughter against mother, mother-in-law against her daughter-in-law and daughter-in-law against her mother-in-law. Luke 12:51-53.

From these words too it is evident that 'father', 'mother', 'son', 'daughter', 'daughter-in-law', and 'mother-in-law' mean the kinds of things that originate in the heavenly marriage, namely goods and truths in their own order, and also their opposites; as also in Mark,

Jesus said, There is no one who has forsaken house, or brothers, or sisters, or father, or mother, or wife, or children, or fields, for the sake of Me and of the Gospel, who will not receive a hundredfold, now in this time, houses and brothers and sisters and mothers and children and fields, with persecutions, and in the age to come eternal life. Mark 10:29-30.

Anyone unacquainted with the internal sense of the Word will think that 'house', 'brothers', 'sisters', 'father', 'mother', 'wife', 'children', and 'fields' mean house, brothers, sisters, father, mother, wife, children, and fields. But the meaning here is this: The kinds of things present in a person which are properly his own must be forsaken by him, and instead of these, spiritual and celestial things which are the Lord's must be received by him. This change is effected by means of temptations, which are meant here by 'persecutions'. Anyone can see that if he forsakes his mother he is not going to receive mothers, nor likewise to receive brothers and sisters by forsaking these.

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Thanks to the Swedenborg Society for the permission to use this translation.