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Geremia 50

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1 LA parola che il Signore pronunziò contro a Babilonia, contro al paese de’ Caldei, per lo profeta Geremia.

2 Annunziate fra le genti, e bandite, ed alzate la bandiera; banditelo, nol celate; dite: Babilonia è stata presa, Bel è confuso, Merodac è rotto in pezzi; le sue immagini sono confuse, i suoi idoli son rotti in pezzi.

3 Perciocchè una nazione è salita contro a lei dal Settentrione, la quale metterà il paese di quella in desolazione, e non vi sarà più alcuno che abiti in lei; uomini, e bestie si son dileguati, se ne sono andati via.

4 In que’ giorni, ed in quel tempo, dice il Signore, i figliuoli d’Israele, ed i figliuoli di Giuda verranno, tutti insieme, e andranno piangendo, e ricercheranno il Signore Iddio loro.

5 Domanderanno di Sion; per la via avranno volte là le facce; diranno: Venite, e congiungetevi al Signore per un patto eterno, che giammai non si dimentichi.

6 Il mio popolo è stato a guisa di pecore smarrite; i lor pastori le hanno fatte andare errando, le han traviate su per li monti; sono andate di monte in colle, hanno dimenticata la lor mandra.

7 Tutti coloro che le hanno trovate le han divorate; e i lor nemici hanno detto: Noi non saremo colpevoli di misfatto; conciossiachè abbiano peccato contro al Signore, abitacolo di giustizia, e contro al Signore, speranza de’ lor padri.

8 Fuggite del mezzo di Babilonia, ed uscite del paese de’ Caldei; e siate come becchi dinanzi alla greggia.

9 Perciocchè, ecco, io eccito, e fo levare contro a Babilonia una raunanza di grandi nazioni del paese di Settentrione; ed esse ordineranno la battaglia contro a lei, e sarà presa; le lor saette saranno come d’un valente, ed intendente saettatore che non ritorna a vuoto.

10 E la Caldea sarà in preda; tutti quelli che la prederanno saranno saziati, dice il Signore.

11 Perciocchè voi vi siete rallegrati; perciocchè voi avete trionfato, rubando la mia eredità; perciocchè voi avete ruzzato a guisa di vitella che pastura fra l’erbetta tenera, e avete annitrito come destrieri.

12 La madre vostra è grandemente confusa; quella che vi ha partoriti è svergognata; ecco, è l’ultima delle nazioni, un deserto, un luogo arido, ed una solitudine.

13 Per l’indegnazione del Signore, ella non sarà più abitata, anzi sarà tutta desolata; chiunque passerà presso di Babilonia sarà attonito, e zufolerà, per tutte le sue piaghe.

14 Ordinate l’assalto contro a Babilonia d’ogni intorno, o voi arcieri tutti; saettate contro a lei, non risparmiate le saette; perciocchè ella ha peccato contro al Signore.

15 Date di gran gridi contro a lei d’ogn’intorno; ella porge le mani; i suoi fondamenti caggiono, e le sue mura son diroccate; perciocchè questa è la vendetta del Signore; prendete vendetta di lei; fatele siccome ella ha fatto.

16 Sterminate di Babilonia il seminatore, e colui che tratta la falce nel tempo della mietitura; ritorni ciascuno al suo popolo, e fuggasene ciascuno al suo paese, d’innanzi alla spada dello sforzatore.

17 Israele è stato una pecorella smarrita, i leoni l’hanno cacciata; il primo che la divorò fu il re d’Assiria; ma quest’ultimo, cioè, Nebucadnesar, re di Babilonia, le ha tritate le ossa.

18 Perciò, il Signor degli eserciti, l’Iddio d’Israele, ha detto così: Ecco, io farò punizione del re di Babilonia, e del suo paese, siccome ho fatta punizione del re di Assiria.

19 E ricondurrò Israele alla sua mandra, ed egli pasturerà in Carmel, ed in Basan; e l’anima sua sarà saziata nel monte di Efraim, e di Galaad.

20 In quei giorni, e in quel tempo, dice il Signore, si cercherà l’iniquità d’Israele, ma non sarà più; e i peccati di Giuda, ma non si ritroveranno più: perciocchè io perdonerò a quelli che avrò lasciati di resto.

21 Sali contro al paese di Merataim, e contro agli abitanti di Pecod; deserta, e distruggi ogni cosa dietro a loro, dice il Signore; e fa’ secondo tutto ciò che io ti ho comandato.

22 Vi è un grido di guerra nel paese, ed una gran rotta.

23 Come è stato mozzato, e rotto il martello di tutta la terra? come è stata Babilonia ridotta in desolazione fra le genti?

24 Io ti ho incapestrata, o Babilonia, e tu sei stata presa, senza che tu l’abbia saputo; tu sei stata trovata, ed anche colta; perciocchè tu hai combattuto col Signore.

25 Il Signore ha aperta la sua armeria, ed ha tratte fuori l’armi della sua indegnazione; perciocchè questa è un’opera, che il Signore Iddio degli eserciti vuole eseguire nel paese dei Caldei.

26 Venite contro a lei dall’estremità del mondo, aprite le sue aie; calcatela come delle manelle di biade, e distruggetela; non restine alcun rimanente.

27 Ammazzate con la spada tutti i suoi giovenchi, scendano al macello; guai a loro! perciocchè il giorno loro è venuto, il tempo della lor visitazione.

28 Vi è una voce di genti che fuggono, e scampano dal paese di Babilonia, per annunziare in Sion la vendetta del Signore Iddio nostro, la vendetta del suo Tempio.

29 Radunate a grida gran numero di genti contro a Babilonia; voi tutti che tirate dell’arco, accampatevi contro a lei d’ogn’intorno; niuno ne scampi; rendetele la retribuzione delle sue opere; secondo tutto ciò ch’ella ha fatto, fatele altresì; perciocchè ella è superbita contro al Signore, contro al Santo d’Israele.

30 Perciò i suoi giovani caderanno nelle sue piazze, e tutti i suoi guerrieri saranno distrutti in quel giorno, dice il Signore.

31 Eccomiti, o superba, dice il Signore Iddio degli eserciti; perciocchè il tuo giorno è venuto, il tempo che io ti visiterò.

32 E la superbia traboccherà, e caderà, e non vi sarà alcuno che la rilevi; ed io accenderò un fuoco nelle sue città, che consumerà tutti i suoi luoghi circonvicini.

33 Così ha detto il Signor degli eserciti: I figluioli d’Israele, e i figliuoli di Giuda, sono tutti quanti oppressati; tutti quelli che li hanno menati prigioni li ritengono, hanno ricusato di lasciarli andare.

34 Il lor Redentore è forte, il suo Nome è: Il Signor degli eserciti; egli di certo dibatterà la lor querela, per commuovere la terra, e per mettere in turbamento gli abitatori di Babilonia.

35 La spada soprasta a’ Caldei, dice il Signore, ed agli abitatori di Babilonia, ed a’ suoi principi, ed a’ suoi savi.

36 La spada soprasta a’ bugiardi indovini d’essa, e ne smanieranno; la spada soprasta agli uomini prodi di essa, e ne saranno spaventati.

37 La spada, soprasta a’ suoi cavalli, ed a’ suoi carri, ed a tutto il popolo mischiato, che è in mezzo di essa, e diverranno come donne; la spada soprasta a’ suoi tesori, e saranno predati.

38 Disseccamento soprasta alle sue acque, e saranno asciutte, perciocchè ella è un paese di sculture, ed essi sono insensati intorno agl’idoli.

39 Perciò, le fiere, de’ deserti avranno in essa la loro stanza, insieme co’ gufi; e l’ulule vi dimoreranno; e non sarà giammai più abitata; e giammai, per niuna età, non vi si dimorerà più.

40 Siccome Iddio sovvertì Sodoma, Gomorra, e le città lor vicine, dice il Signore; così non abiterà più quivi uomo alcuno, e niun figliuol d’uomo vi dimorerà più.

41 Ecco, un popolo viene di Settentrione, ed una gran nazione; e re possenti si muovono dal fondo della terra.

42 Impugneranno l’arco e la lancia; sono crudeli, senza pietà; la voce loro romoreggerà come il mare, e cavalcheranno sopra cavalli; saranno in ordine, a guisa d’uomini prodi, per la battaglia, contro a te, o figliuola di Babilonia.

43 Il re di Babilonia ne ha udito il grido, e le sue mani ne son divenute fiacche; angoscia l’ha occupato; dolore, come di donna che partorisce.

44 Ecco, colui salirà a guisa di leone, più violentemente che la piena del Giordano, contro all’abitacolo forte; perciocchè io lo farò correre sopra essa; e chi è valent’uomo scelto? ed io lo rassegnerò contro ad essa. Perciocchè, chi è pari a me? e chi mi sfiderà? e chi è il pastore che possa star fermo davanti a me?

45 Perciò, ascoltate il consiglio del Signore, ch’egli ha preso contro a Babilonia; e i pensieri ch’egli ha divisati contro al paese de’ Caldei: Se i più piccoli della greggia non li trascinano; se la lor mandra non è deserta insieme con loro.

46 La terra ha tremato per lo romore della presa di Babilonia, e il grido se n’è udito fra le genti.

   


To many Protestant and Evangelical Italians, the Bibles translated by Giovanni Diodati are an important part of their history. Diodati’s first Italian Bible edition was printed in 1607, and his second in 1641. He died in 1649. Throughout the 1800s two editions of Diodati’s text were printed by the British Foreign Bible Society. This is the more recent 1894 edition, translated by Claudiana.

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Apocalypse Explained # 919

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919. Verse 19. And the angel cast his sickle into the earth and gathered the vineyard of the earth, signifies that this was done. This is evident from what has been just said in the preceding article. That a "vineyard" signifies the spiritual church is evident from the passages in the Word where "vineyard" is mentioned (as in Isaiah 1:8, 3:14; 5:1-10; 16:10; 36:17; 37:30; 65:21; Jeremiah 12:10; 32:15; 35:7, 9; 39:10; Ezekiel 28:26; Hosea 2:15; Amos 4:9; 5:11, 17; 9:14; Micah 1:6; Zephaniah 1:13; 1 Samuel 8:14, 15; Psalms 107:37; Matthew 20:1-8; 21:28, 38-41; Mark 12:1-9; Luke 13:6, 7; 20:9-16).

And concerning a "vine" see John 15:1-12; as well as in the historical parts of the Word.

From these passages it is clearly evident that a "vineyard" means the church (See also above, n. 376, 403, 638, 918, where many passages in which "vineyard" occurs are explained). From the signification of "vineyard" it can be seen that "to gather the vintage" signifies to collect for uses those things that will be serviceable to the understanding, and which will give intelligence and wisdom; and in the contrary sense it signifies to lay waste the church as to spiritual good, and thus as to the affection of truth and the understanding of truth. In this contrary sense "vintage" and "to gather the vintage" are used in the sense that there are no longer any clusters or grapes remaining; and this signifies in the spiritual sense that all spiritual good, and thus all truth that is truth in itself, is destroyed; and this is especially effected in the church by falsifications of the Word, likewise when evil of life corrupts all good, and falsity of doctrine perverts all truth; this is described also by "spoilers" and by "thieves."

[2] That "gathering the vintage" signifies, for this reason, laying waste, can be seen from the following passages. In Isaiah:

A cry over the wine in the streets; every joy shall be mixed; the gladness of the earth shall be banished. The remnant in the city is a waste, and the gate shall be beaten down even to devastation. For so shall it be in the midst of the land as the beating of an olive-tree, as the gleanings when the vintage is finished (Isaiah 24:11-13).

This describes the mourning over the devastation of the church as to celestial good and as to spiritual good, which in its essence is truth from celestial good. This devastation is compared to "the beating of an olive-tree," and to "the gleanings when the vintage is finished." (But this may be seen explained above, n. 313, 638).

[3] In the same:

Ye confident daughters, perceive My word in your ears; year 1 upon year shall ye be troubled, ye confident ones, for the vintage is finished, the ingathering shall not come (Isaiah 32:9, 10).

"Confident daughters" signify those in the church who love falsities more than truths. That with such, truths are gradually diminished in every state, is signified by "year 1 upon year shall ye be troubled." The devastation of all truth until there is nothing left is signified by "the vintage is finished, and the ingathering shall not come."

[4] In Jeremiah:

Upon thy fruits of autumn and upon thy vintage hath the spoiler fallen, therefore gladness and joy are gathered out of Carmel (Jeremiah 48:32, 33).

"Fruits of autumn" signify the goods of the church; "the vintage" signifies its truths; for "bread," which is here meant by the "fruits of autumn," signifies the good of the church, and "wine," which is from the vintage, signifies its truth. "The spoiler" who fell upon them signifies evil and falsity therefrom. That the delight of spiritual and celestial love, which is the very joy of the heart, will perish, is signified by "gladness and joy shall be gathered out of Carmel."

[5] In Micah:

Woe is me, I am become as the gatherings of the summer, as the gleanings of the vintage; there is no cluster to eat; my soul desireth the first ripe fruit (Micah 7:1).

"As the gleanings of the vintage, there is no cluster to eat," signifies such devastation of the church that there is no longer any good or truth. (The rest may be seen explained in the preceding article.) In Jeremiah:

If the grape-gatherers came to thee they would leave no gleanings; if thieves in the night they would destroy sufficiency (Jeremiah 49:9).

In Obadiah:

If thieves came to thee, if destroyers by night, how wouldst thou be cut off? Would they not steal till they had enough? If the grape-gatherers came to thee would they leave any clusters? (Obadiah 1:5).

"Grape-gatherers" signify falsities, and "thieves" evils, which lay waste the truths and goods of the church; but "destroyers" signify both falsities and evils; that "they would leave no clusters" signifies that there are no goods because there are no truths. But "to gather the vintage" signifies to gather for uses such things especially as will be serviceable to the understanding, see in Jeremiah 6:9; Leviticus 19:10, 26:5; Deuteronomy 20:6, 7, 24:21.

Poznámky pod čarou:

1. The Hebrew has "days upon a year," Schmidius has "year upon year."

  
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Thanks to the Swedenborg Foundation for their permission to use this translation.

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Apocalypse Explained # 637

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637. Clothed in sackcloth, signifies in mourning because of the non-reception of Divine good and Divine truth. This is evident from the signification of "clothed in sackcloth," as being mourning because of the vastation and desolation of Divine good and Divine truth, here because of their non-reception; for the witnesses were seen clothed in sackcloth, and they signify the Divine good, from which is every good of love and charity, and the Divine truth, from which is every truth of doctrine and faith; these appear to be in mourning when they are not received, but in joy when they are received.

[2] Likewise it is said of the sun and moon, which also signify the good of love and the truth of faith, that:

The sun became black as sackcloth of hair, and the moon became as blood (Revelation 6:12),

which signifies that every good of love was separated, and every truth of faith falsified (See above, n. 401); not that the sun in the angelic heaven, which is the Lord, ever becomes black, but that it so appears to those who receive no light from it.

[3] In ancient times, when the externals of the church consisted of mere correspondences and thence of representatives of things spiritual, mourning was represented by many things that are significative; as by sitting and lying on the ground, rolling themselves in the dust, by putting ashes on the head, rending the garments, and putting on sackcloth. "Rending the garments and putting on sackcloth" signified mourning because of the desolation of truth and good in the church, and because of the nonreception of them; for "garments" in general signified the truths of the church (See above, n. 64, 65, 195, 271, 395, 475, 476); therefore "rending the garments" signified grief because the truths of the church are hurt and as it were rent asunder by falsities; and "to be clothed in sackcloth" signifies mourning because of the deprivation of good and truth, and the consequent vastation of the church.

[4] For this reason:

When Hezekiah the king heard the words of Tartan the captain of the king of Assyria, he rent his clothes and covered himself with sackcloth, and came to the house of Jehovah; and he sent Eliakim who was over the house, and Shebna the scribe, and the elders of the priests, covered with sackcloth, to Isaiah (2 Kings 19:1, 2; Isaiah 37:1, 2).

This was done because the "king of Assyria" here signifies the perverted rational, or the rational that perverts the truths and goods of the church and destroys them by falsities; all the words of Tartan the captain of the king of Assyria, involve such things; and because the desolation and vastation of the church was seen to be imminent, to exhibit mourning and grief on this account they rent their garments and covered themselves with sackcloth.

[5] Likewise:

When Benhadad the king of Syria besieged Samaria, and there came a great famine, the king rent his clothes, and as he passed by upon the wall the people saw that, behold, sackcloth was upon his flesh within (2 Kings 6:30).

This has a similar signification as above, namely, the imminent desolation and devastation of the church; for this reason the king rent his garments and had sackcloth upon his flesh, which was a representative sign of mourning and grief.

[6] Mourning for like reasons is signified also by the following:

Jacob, when he believed that Joseph was torn to pieces, rent his clothes, and put sackcloth upon his loins, and mourned for his son many days (Genesis 37:34).

So when Ahab, by the advice of Jezebel his wife, had taken away the vineyard of Naboth, and had heard the hard words of the prophet respecting that matter, he rent his clothes and put sackcloth upon his flesh, and fasted, yea, he lay in sackcloth, and went softly (1 Kings 21:27).

The king of Nineveh also, when he heard the words of Jonah, arose up from his throne, and laid his robe from him and covered him with sackcloth, and sat upon ashes, and proclaimed a fast, and that man and beast should be covered with sackcloth (Jonah 3:5, 6, 8).

So also Daniel set his face to the Lord God, to seek by supplication and prayer in fasting, sackcloth, and ashes (Daniel 9:3).

When Abner was slain, David said to Joab and to all the people that were with him, that they should rend their clothes and gird them with sackcloth, and mourn before Abner; and David himself walked behind the bier (2 Samuel 3:31).

This makes clear that in the Jewish and Israelitish church mourning was represented by "rending the clothes and being clothed in sackcloth;" and this because grief of mind and mourning of heart, which were interior things, were represented at that time by external things, which because of their correspondences with spiritual things were significative.

[7] That the representation of mourning by sackcloth signified especially mourning because of the desolation of truth and vastation of good in the church, and also, in particular, repentance, with mourning of heart on account of evils, can be seen further from the following passages. In Isaiah:

In that day will the Lord Jehovih of hosts call to weeping and to lamenting, and to baldness, and to girding on sackcloth (Isaiah 22:12).

This chapter treats of the vastation of the church in respect to Divine truth; its mourning is described by "baldness" and by "putting on sackcloth."

[8] In Jeremiah:

The lion is gone up from the thicket, and the destroyer of nations journeyeth; he hath gone forth out of his place to make the land a waste; thy cities shall be destroyed, that there shall be no inhabitant; for this gird ye with sackcloth, lament, howl (Jeremiah 4:7, 8).

"The lion from the thicket" signifies the falsity of evil destroying the truths of the church; and "the destroyer of nations" signifies the evil of falsity destroying the good of the church; the "land that they will make a waste" signifies the church, and the "cities that shall be destroyed" signify the truths of doctrine; "to gird with sackcloth" signifies mourning on this account, therefore it is added "lament and howl."

[9] In the same:

O daughter of My people, gird thee with sackcloth and roll thee in ashes; make thee mourning for an only one, a lamentation of bitterness, for the waster shall suddenly come upon us (Jeremiah 6:26).

"Daughter of the people" means the church; "to gird herself with sackcloth and roll herself in ashes" signifies mourning because of the destruction of the good and truth of the church; the destruction of these or the vastation of the church is meant by "the waster shall suddenly come." Evidently grievous mourning and grief because of the destruction of good and truth is signified by "gird thee with sackcloth and roll thee in ashes," for it is added "make thee mourning for an only one, a lamentation of bitterness."

[10] In the same:

Howl, O Heshbon, for Ai is devastated; cry out, ye daughters of Rabbah; gird ye with sackcloth, lament, and wander among the walls; for their king is gone into exile, his priests and princes together (Jeremiah 49:3).

This is said of the sons of Ammon, who signify such as are in natural good and falsify the truths of the church; those who are such in the church are meant by "the daughters of Rabbah;" mourning because of the destruction of truth by falsifications is signified by "Gird ye with sackcloth, lament, wander among the walls," "walls" signifying truths falsified; that the truth of the church perished in consequence is signified by "their king is gone into exile," "king" signifying the truth of the church, and "to go into exile" signifying to be destroyed. That the goods of the church and all truths therefrom likewise perished, is signified by "priests and princes together," "priests" signifying the goods of the church, and "princes" the truths therefrom.

[11] In Lamentations:

The elders of the daughter of Zion sit upon the earth, they keep silence, they have cast up dust upon their head, they have girded themselves with sackcloth; the virgins of Jerusalem bend their head down to the earth (Lamentations 2:10).

"To sit upon the earth," "to keep silence," "to cast up dust upon the head," and "to make the head to bend down to the earth," were all signs representative of mourning and grief because of the vastation of the church by evils and falsities. "The elders of the daughter of Zion" signify those that are wise and intelligent in the church, and in an abstract sense wisdom and intelligence; "daughters of Zion and the virgins of Jerusalem" signify those in the church who are in the affection of good and truth, and in an abstract sense these affections themselves.

[12] In Ezekiel:

The shipmasters shall make themselves bald for thee, and gird them with sackcloth, and they shall weep over thee in bitterness of soul, with bitter lamentation (Ezekiel 27:31).

This is said of Tyre, which signifies the church in respect to the knowledges of truth and good, and therefore also the knowledges of truth and good which belong to the church; here mourning on account of the destruction of these is described. "Shipmasters" signify all who bring and communicate these knowledges; "to make bald" signifies mourning on account of the destruction of all things of intelligence; "to gird with sackcloth" signifies mourning because the ability to know truth is also destroyed. Because mourning is what is described, it is added, "they shall weep over thee in bitterness of soul, with bitter lamentation. "

[13] In the Gospels:

Woe unto thee Chorazin, woe unto thee Bethsaida, for if the mighty works had been done in Tyre and Sidon which have been done in you, they would have repented long ago in sackcloth and ashes (Matthew 11:21; Luke 10:13).

"To repent in sackcloth and ashes" means to grieve and mourn because of the nonreception of Divine truth, and because of the falsities and evils that obstruct.

[14] In Joel:

Howl as a virgin girded with sackcloth for the bridegroom of her youth; gird ye and lament, ye priests; howl, ye ministers of the altar; come, pass the night in sackcloth, ye ministers of my God, for the meal offering and the drink offering are withholden from the house of your God (Joel 1:8, 13).

Here "to be girded with sackcloth" and "to pass the night in sackcloth" signify mourning because the good and truth of the church are destroyed, for the "meal offering" signifies the good of the church, and the "drink offering" its truth.

[15] In Amos:

I will bring up sackcloth upon all loins, and baldness upon every head, and I will make it as a mourning for an only one, and its latter end as a bitter day (Amos 8:10).

"Sackcloth upon the loins" signifies mourning because the good of love is destroyed, for this is signified by the "loins;" and "baldness upon the head" signifies mourning because the understanding of truth is destroyed.

[16] In Isaiah:

Upon all the heads of Moab is baldness, every beard shaven; in its streets they have girded themselves with sackcloth; upon its roofs and in its streets he shall howl, flowing down in weeping (Isaiah 15:2, 3).

In Jeremiah:

Every head baldness, and every beard shaven; upon all hands gashes, and upon the loins sackcloth; upon all the roofs of Moab and in its streets mourning everywhere (Jeremiah 48:37, 38).

"Moab" signifies those who are in natural good and who adulterate the goods of the church; that such have no understanding of truth or knowledge [scientia] of truth is signified by "upon all the heads of Moab baldness, and every beard shaven," also by "upon its roofs and in its streets he shall howl" and "there shall be mourning;" "upon all hands gashes" signifies things falsified; mourning because of these things is signified by "to gird with sackcloth," and "to howl," and "to flow down in weeping."

[17] In Isaiah:

It shall come to pass in place of spices there shall be rottenness, and in place of a girdle tatters, and in place of braided work baldness, and in place of a robe a girding of sackcloth, in place of beauty burning; thy men shall fall by the sword, and thy might in the war (Isaiah 3:24, 25).

This is said of "the daughters of Zion," by whom the church in respect to the affections of celestial good is signified, therefore "the daughters of Zion" signify the affections of good that belong to the celestial church. The loss and dissipation of these through the pride of self-intelligence is here described by the various things with which these daughters adorn themselves; the change of these affections into opposite and unbeautiful affections is signified by "in place of spices there shall be rottenness, in place of a girdle tatters, in place of braided work baldness, in place of a robe a girding of sackcloth, and in place of beauty burning;" "rottenness" signifies the vital perishing; "in place of a girdle tatters" signifies the dissipation of perceptions of truth instead of their union; "in place of braided work baldness" signifies imbecility instead of knowledge [scientia]; "in place of beauty burning" signifies foolishness instead of intelligence, "burning" signifying insanity from the pride of self-intelligence, which is foolishness, and "beauty" signifying intelligence. That the truths of the understanding will perish by falsities, even till there is no resistance against evils, is signified by "thy men shall fall by the sword and thy might in the war," "sword" meaning falsity destroying the truth.

[18] "Sackcloth" has a similar meaning in the following passages. In Ezekiel:

All hands are relaxed, all knees go into waters, whence they shall gird themselves with sackcloth, and terror shall cover them, and upon all faces shall be shame, and upon all heads baldness (Ezekiel 7:17, 18).

In David:

I, when they were sick, made sackcloth my vesture, I afflicted my soul with hunger (Psalms 35:13).

When I wept in the fast of my soul it became to me a reproach; when I made sackcloth my garment I became a byword to them (Psalms 69:10, 11).

In Job:

I have sewed sackcloth upon my skin, and have put my horn in the dust; my face has been soiled by weeping (Job 16:15, 16).

In Isaiah:

I clothe the heavens with blackness, and I make sackcloth their covering (Isaiah 50:3).

And in David:

Thou hast turned for me my mourning into dancing, thou hast loosed my sackcloth and hast girded me with joy (Psalms 30:11).

In these passages, too, "sackcloth" signifies mourning; and "to gird sackcloth over the body instead of the vesture" signifies mourning because of the destruction of the truth of the church; and "to gird sackcloth upon the loins and upon the flesh" signifies mourning because of the destruction of the good of the church; for "the vesture" signifies the truth of the church, and "loins and flesh" signify the good of the church.

[19] That "girding with sackcloth" was merely representative and thus significative of mourning and repentance, but was not in itself mourning and repentance, is evident in Isaiah:

Is such the fast that I shall choose, the day for a man to afflict his soul, to bow down his head as a rush, and to lie down in sackcloth and ashes; wilt thou call this a fast, and the day of Jehovah's good pleasure? Is not this the fast that I choose, to loose the bonds of wickedness, to break thy bread to the hungry, and to bring the afflicted exiles to the home, and when thou seest the naked that thou cover him? (Isaiah 58:5-7)

And in Joel:

Turn ye back unto me with your whole heart, and in fasting and in weeping and in lamentation, and rend your heart and not your garments (Joel 2:12, 13).

  
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Thanks to the Swedenborg Foundation for their permission to use this translation.