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Deuteronomio 7

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1 QUANDO il Signore Iddio tuo ti avrà introdotto nel paese, al quale tu vai per possederlo, e avrà stirpate d’innanzi a te molte nazioni, gli Hittei, e i Ghirgasei, e gli Amorrei, e i Cananei, e i Ferezei, e gli Hivvei, e i Gebusei, sette nazioni maggiori e più potenti di te;

2 e il Signore le avrà messe in tuo potere, e tu le avrai sconfitte; del tutto distruggile al modo dell’interdetto; non far patto con loro, e non far loro grazia.

3 E non imparentarti con loro; non dar le tue figliuole a’ lor figliuoli, e non prender le lor figliuole per li tuoi figliuoli.

4 Perciocchè rivolgerebbero i tuoi figliuoli di dietro a me; onde essi servirebbero a dii stranieri; e l’ira del Signore si accenderebbe contro a voi, ed egli vi distruggerebbe subitamente.

5 Anzi fate loro così: Disfate i loro altari, e spezzate le loro statue, e tagliate i lor boschi, e bruciate col fuoco le loro sculture.

6 Perciocchè tu sei un popol santo al Signore Iddio tuo; il Signore Iddio tuo ti ha scelto, acciocchè tu gli sii un popolo peculiare d’infra tutti i popoli che son sopra la faccia della terra.

7 Il Signore non vi ha posta affezione, e non vi ha eletti, perchè foste più grandi che tutti gli altri popoli; conciossiachè eravate in minor numero che alcun di tutti gli altri popoli.

8 Anzi, perchè il Signore vi ha amati, e perchè egli attiene il giuramento fatto a’ vostri padri, egli vi ha tratti fuori con potente mano, e vi ha riscossi della casa di servitù, della man di Faraone, re di Egitto.

9 Conosci adunque che il Signore Iddio tuo è Iddio, l’Iddio verace che osserva il patto e la benignità in mille generazioni, inverso quelli che l’amano, e osservano i suoi comandamenti;

10 e che fa la retribuzione in faccia a quelli che l’odiano, per distruggerli; egli non la prolunga a quelli che l’odiano, anzi la rende loro in faccia.

11 Osserva adunque i comandamenti, e gli statuti, e le leggi, le quali oggi ti do, acciocchè tu le metta in opera.

12 E avverrà, perciocchè voi avrete udite queste leggi, e le avrete osservate, e messe in opera, che il Signore Iddio vostro vi osserverà il patto e la benignità ch’egli ha giurata a’ vostri padri.

13 Ed egli ti amerà, e ti benedirà, e ti accrescerà, e benedirà il frutto del tuo seno, e il frutto della tua terra; il tuo frumento, e il tuo mosto, e il tuo olio; i parti delle tue vacche, e le gregge delle tue pecore; nel paese del quale egli giurò a’ tuoi padri, ch’egli te lo darebbe.

14 Tu sarai benedetto sopra tutti i popoli; ei non vi sarà nel mezzo di te, e del tuo bestiame, nè maschio, nè femmina sterile.

15 E il Signore rimoverà da te ogni malattia; e non ti metterà addosso alcuna di quelle malvage infermità di Egitto, delle quali tu hai avuto conoscenza; anzi le metterà addosso a tutti i tuoi nemici.

16 Distruggi adunque tutti i popoli che il Signore Iddio tuo ti ; l’occhio tuo non li risparmi, e non servire agl’iddii loro; perciocchè ciò ti sarebbe un laccio.

17 Se pur tu dici nel tuo cuore: Queste nazioni sono più grandi di me, come le potrò io scacciare?

18 Non temer di loro; ricordati pur delle cose che il Signore Iddio tuo ha fatte a Faraone, e a tutti gli Egizj;

19 delle gran prove che gli occhi tuoi hanno vedute, e de’ miracoli, e de’ prodigi, e della potente mano, e del braccio steso, col quale il Signore Iddio tuo ti ha tratto fuori; e così farà il Signore Iddio tuo a tutti i popoli, dei quali tu temi.

20 Il Signore Iddio tuo manderà eziandio de’ calabroni contro a loro, finchè quelli che saran rimasti, e quelli che si saran nascosti dal tuo cospetto, sieno periti.

21 Non isgomentarti per cagion di loro; conciossiachè il Signore Iddio tuo, Dio grande e tremendo, sia nel mezzo di te.

22 Or il Signore Iddio tuo stirperà quelle nazioni d’innanzi a te, a poco a poco; tu non le potrai distruggere subitamente; che talora le fiere della campagna non moltiplichino contro a te.

23 E il Signore Iddio tuo le metterà in tuo potere, e le romperà d’una gran rotta, finchè sieno distrutte.

24 E ti darà i re loro nelle mani, e tu farai perire il lor nome di sotto al cielo; niuno potrà starti a fronte, finchè tu le abbia distrutte.

25 Brucia col fuoco le sculture de’ loro dii; non appetir l’argento, nè l’oro che sarà sopra esse, e non prenderlo per te; che talora tu non ne sii allacciato; perciocchè è cosa abbominevole al Signore Iddio tuo.

26 E non recare in casa tua cosa abbominevole, onde tu sii interdetto, come è quella cosa; abbilo del tutto in detestazione, e abbominalo; conciossiachè sia interdetto.

   


To many Protestant and Evangelical Italians, the Bibles translated by Giovanni Diodati are an important part of their history. Diodati’s first Italian Bible edition was printed in 1607, and his second in 1641. He died in 1649. Throughout the 1800s two editions of Diodati’s text were printed by the British Foreign Bible Society. This is the more recent 1894 edition, translated by Claudiana.

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Arcana Coelestia # 2959

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2959. 'The land [is worth] four hundred shekels of silver' means the price of redemption by means of truth. This is clear from the meaning of 'four hundred shekels', dealt with below, and from the meaning of 'silver' as truth, dealt with in 1551, 2048, 2937. The reason 'four hundred shekels' means the price of redemption is that 'four hundred' means vastation and 'a shekel' price. What vastation is, see 2455 (end), 2682, 2694, 2699, 2702, 2704, where it is shown that there are two types of vastation. The first takes place when the Church altogether ceases to exist, that is, when there is no longer any charity or faith. At that point the Church is said to be vastated or laid waste. The second takes place when those who belong to the Church are reduced to a state of ignorance and also of temptation, for the reason that the evils and falsities residing with them are to be set apart and so to speak dissipated. Those who emerge from this vastation are those who are specifically called the redeemed, for at that point they are taught the goods and truths of faith, and are reformed and regenerated by the Lord, as shown in the paragraphs quoted. Now since the number four hundred, when used to specify a period of time - such as four hundred years - means the duration and also the state of vastation, so that same number, when used to specify the number of shekels, means the price of redemption; and when the word 'silver' is mentioned together with this number, the price of redemption by means of truth is meant.

[2] That 'four hundred years' means the duration and the state of vastation becomes clear also from what Abraham was told,

Jehovah said to Abraham, 1 Know for sure that your seed will be strangers in a land not theirs. And they will serve them, and these will afflict them for four hundred years. Genesis 15:13.

There it may be seen that 'four hundred years' is used to mean the duration of the stay of the children of Israel in Egypt. Yet it is not the duration of their stay in Egypt that is meant but something that is not evident to anyone except from the internal sense. This becomes clear from the fact that the duration of the stay of the children of Israel in Egypt was no more than half the stated period, as becomes quite clear from the descendants of Jacob down to Moses. For the facts are that Levi was descended from Jacob, Kohath from Levi, Amram from Kohath, and Aaron and Moses from Amram, Exodus 6:16-20; Levi and his son Kohath went down to Egypt together with Jacob, Genesis 46:11; and Moses came two generations later, and was eighty years old when he spoke to Pharaoh, Exodus 7:7. These facts show that the period of time from Jacob's entry into Egypt until his sons' departure from that land was approximately two hundred and fifteen years.

[3] That 'four hundred' is used in the Word to mean something other than its numerical value in the historical sense is clearer still from its being said that

The length of time that the children of Israel dwelt in Egypt was four hundred and thirty years, and at the end of the four hundred and thirty years, it happened on that same day, that all the armies of Jehovah went out of the land of Egypt. Exodus 12:40-41.

The duration of the stay of the children of Israel in that land was in fact only half that number of years; but it was from Abraham's entry into Egypt that the four hundred and thirty years were measured. Consequently what is said at this point in Exodus is for the sake of the internal sense Lying within those words. In the internal sense the sojourn of the sons of Jacob in Egypt represents and means the vastation of the Church, the state and duration of which are described by the number four hundred and thirty years. Thirty describes the state of vastation of the sons of Jacob as being no vastation at all, for they were such as could not be reformed through any state of vastation (for the meaning of the number thirty, see 2276); and 'four hundred years' represents the general state of vastation of those who belonged to the Church.

[4] Those therefore who come out of that vastation are referred to as the redeemed, as is also evident from the words addressed to Moses,

Therefore say to the children of Israel, I am Jehovah, and I will bring you out from beneath the burdens of Egypt, and I will rescue you from their slavery, and I will redeem you with an outstretched arm, and with great judgements. Exodus 6:6.

And elsewhere,

Jehovah has brought you out by means of a mighty hand, and redeemed you from the house of slaves, from the hand of Pharaoh king of Egypt. Deuteronomy 7:8; 13:5.

And elsewhere,

You shall remember that you were a slave in the land of Egypt, but Jehovah your God redeemed you. Deuteronomy 15:15; 24:18.

In Samuel,

Your people whom You redeemed for Yourself from Egypt. 2 Samuel 7:23.

Since those who emerge from the state of vastation are referred to as the redeemed, 'four hundred shekels' therefore means the price of redemption.

[5] As regards 'a shekel' meaning the price or valuation, this is clear from the following places in the Word: In Moses,

All your valuations shall be according to the shekel of holiness. Leviticus 27:25.

And elsewhere,

If a soul commits a trespass and has sinned inadvertently in the holy things of Jehovah, he shall bring his guilt offering to Jehovah, a ram without blemish out of the flock, according to your valuation in silver shekels, according to the shekel of holiness. Leviticus 5:15.

From this it is evident that 'a shekel' means the price or valuation. It is called 'the shekel of holiness' because the price or valuation has regard to truth and good from the Lord - truth and good from the Lord being, within the Church, holiness itself. Consequently it is called 'the shekel of holiness' many times elsewhere, as in Exodus 30:24; Leviticus 27:3; Numbers 3:47, 50; 7:13, 19, 25, 31, 37, 43, 49, 55, 61, 67, 73; 18:16.

[6] That 'a shekel' is the price of what is holy is quite evident in Ezekiel when the holy land and the holy city are the subject. There the shekel is referred to as follows,

The shekel there shall be twenty gerahs; twenty shekels, twenty-five shekels, fifteen shekels, shall be your maneh (pound). Ezekiel 45:12.

Anyone may see that here 'shekel', 'pound', and the numbers mentioned mean holy things, that is, good and truth, for the holy land and the holy city or new Jerusalem, which are the subject there, mean nothing else than the Lord's kingdom where neither shekel, nor gerahs, nor pound, nor the numbering of them occurs. But the number itself, from the meaning it has in the internal sense, determines the valuation or price of good and truth.

[7] In Moses it is said that every man (vir) should give a ransom for his soul, so that there would be no plague. He had to give half a shekel, according to the shekel of holiness, a shekel being twenty gerahs. Half a shekel was to be the thruma (offering) to Jehovah, Exodus 30:12-13. Here ten gerahs, which make half a shekel, are remnants which are received from the Lord. Remnants are goods and truths stored away with a person - such remnants, being meant by 'ten', see 576, 1738, 1906, 2284. That remnants are goods and truths from the Lord that are stored away with a person, see 1906, 2284. Consequently they are also called 'the thruma (or offering) to Jehovah', and it is said that by means of this a soul will be redeemed. The reason it is stated several times that a shekel was twenty gerahs, as in these verses from Exodus, and also in Leviticus 27:25; Numbers 3:47; 18:16; and elsewhere, is that the shekel of twenty gerahs means the valuation of the good preserved in remnants - twenty meaning the good preserved in remnants, see 2280. Also therefore a shekel was a weight according to which the price of both gold and silver was determined, Genesis 24:22; Exodus 38:24; Ezekiel 4:10; 45:12 - the price of gold because 'gold' means good, 113, 1551, 1552, and the price of silver because 'silver' means truth, 1551, 2048. From this it is now evident that 'the land [is worth] four hundred shekels of silver' means the price of redemption by means of truth. The reason it is called 'the land' is that the spiritual Church is the subject, which is reformed and regenerated by means of truth received from the Lord, 2954. That 'the land' means the Church, see 662, 1066, 1068, 1262, 1733, 1850, 2117, 2118 (end).

Poznámky pod čarou:

1. In Genesis 15 the patriarch's name is still Abram.

  
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Thanks to the Swedenborg Society for the permission to use this translation.