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Shmuel B 15

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1 ויהי מאחרי כן ויעש לו אבשלום מרכבה וססים וחמשים איש רצים לפניו׃

2 והשכים אבשלום ועמד על־יד דרך השער ויהי כל־האיש אשר־יהיה־לו־ריב לבוא אל־המלך למשפט ויקרא אבשלום אליו ויאמר אי־מזה עיר אתה ויאמר מאחד שבטי־ישראל עבדך׃

3 ויאמר אליו אבשלום ראה דברך טובים ונכחים ושמע אין־לך מאת המלך׃

4 ויאמר אבשלום מי־ישמני שפט בארץ ועלי יבוא כל־איש אשר־יהיה־לו־ריב ומשפט והצדקתיו׃

5 והיה בקרב־איש להשתחות לו ושלח את־ידו והחזיק לו ונשק לו׃

6 ויעש אבשלום כדבר הזה לכל־ישראל אשר־יבאו למשפט אל־המלך ויגנב אבשלום את־לב אנשי ישראל׃ ף

7 ויהי מקץ ארבעים שנה ויאמר אבשלום אל־המלך אלכה נא ואשלם את־נדרי אשר־נדרתי ליהוה בחברון׃

8 כי־נדר נדר עבדך בשבתי בגשור בארם לאמר אם־[כ= ישיב] [ק= ישוב] ישיבני יהוה ירושלם ועבדתי את־יהוה׃

9 ויאמר־לו המלך לך בשלום ויקם וילך חברונה׃ ף

10 וישלח אבשלום מרגלים בכל־שבטי ישראל לאמר כשמעכם את־קול השפר ואמרתם מלך אבשלום בחברון׃

11 ואת־אבשלום הלכו מאתים איש מירושלם קראים והלכים לתםם ולא ידעו כל־דבר׃

12 וישלח אבשלום את־אחיתפל הגילני יועץ דוד מעירו מגלה בזבחו את־הזבחים ויהי הקשר אמץ והעם הולך ורב את־אבשלום׃

13 ויבא המגיד אל־דוד לאמר היה לב־איש ישראל אחרי אבשלום׃

14 ויאמר דוד לכל־עבדיו אשר־אתו בירושלם קומו ונברחה כי לא־תהיה־לנו פליטה מפני אבשלום מהרו ללכת פן־ימהר והשגנו והדיח עלינו את־הרעה והכה העיר לפי־חרב׃

15 ויאמרו עבדי־המלך אל־המלך ככל אשר־יבחר אדני המלך הנה עבדיך׃

16 ויצא המלך וכל־ביתו ברגליו ויעזב המלך את עשר נשים פלגשים לשמר הבית׃

17 ויצא המלך וכל־העם ברגליו ויעמדו בית המרחק׃

18 וכל־עבדיו עברים על־ידו וכל־הכרתי וכל־הפלתי וכל־הגתים שש־מאות איש אשר־באו ברגלו מגת עברים על־פני המלך׃

19 ויאמר המלך אל־אתי הגתי למה תלך גם־אתה אתנו שוב ושב עם־המלך כי־נכרי אתה וגם־גלה אתה למקומך׃

20 תמול בואך והיום [כ= אנועך] [ק= אניעך] עמנו ללכת ואני הולך על אשר־אני הולך שוב והשב את־אחיך עמך חסד ואמת׃

21 ויען אתי את־המלך ויאמר חי־יהוה וחי אדני המלך כי אם־במקום אשר יהיה־שם אדני המלך אם־למות אם־לחיים כי־שם יהיה עבדך׃

22 ויאמר דוד אל־אתי לך ועבר ויעבר אתי הגתי וכל־אנשיו וכל־הטף אשר אתו׃

23 וכל־הארץ בוכים קול גדול וכל־העם עברים והמלך עבר בנחל קדרון וכל־העם עברים על־פני־דרך את־המדבר׃

24 והנה גם־צדוק וכל־הלוים אתו נשאים את־ארון ברית האלהים ויצקו את־ארון האלהים ויעל אביתר עד־תם כל־העם לעבור מן־העיר׃

25 ויאמר המלך לצדוק השב את־ארון האלהים העיר אם־אמצא חן בעיני יהוה והשבני והראני אתו ואת־נוהו׃

26 ואם כה יאמר לא חפצתי בך הנני יעשה־לי כאשר טוב בעיניו׃ ס

27 ויאמר המלך אל־צדוק הכהן הרואה אתה שבה העיר בשלום ואחימעץ בנך ויהונתן בן־אביתר שני בניכם אתכם׃

28 ראו אנכי מתמהמה [כ= בעברות] [ק= בערבות] המדבר עד בוא דבר מעםכם להגיד לי׃

29 וישב צדוק ואביתר את־ארון האלהים ירושלם וישבו שם׃

30 ודוד עלה במעלה הזיתים עלה ובוכה וראש לו חפוי והוא הלך יחף וכל־העם אשר־אתו חפו איש ראשו ועלו עלה ובכה׃

31 ודוד הגיד לאמר אחיתפל בקשרים עם־אבשלום ויאמר דוד סכל־נא את־עצת אחיתפל יהוה׃

32 ויהי דוד בא עד־הראש אשר־ישתחוה שם לאלהים והנה לקראתו חושי הארכי קרוע כתנתו ואדמה על־ראשו׃

33 ויאמר לו דוד אם עברת אתי והית עלי למשא׃

34 ואם־העיר תשוב ואמרת לאבשלום עבדך אני המלך אהיה עבד אביך ואני מאז ועתה ואני עבדך והפרתה לי את עצת אחיתפל׃

35 והלוא עמך שם צדוק ואביתר הכהנים והיה כל־הדבר אשר תשמע מבית המלך תגיד לצדוק ולאביתר הכהנים׃

36 הנה־שם עםם שני בניהם אחימעץ לצדוק ויהונתן לאביתר ושלחתם בידם אלי כל־דבר אשר תשמעו׃

37 ויבא חושי רעה דוד העיר ואבשלם יבא ירושלם׃

   

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Arcana Coelestia # 4763

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4763. 'And he rent his clothes' means mourning. This is clear from the meaning of 'rending clothes' as mourning, that is to say, mourning on account of the loss of truth, or the fact that no faith exists. In the Word, especially the historical part, one often reads about people rending their clothes, but the origin of that practice is not known at the present day. Nor is it known that it was representative of grief on account of the loss of truth. This practice became representative from the fact that 'clothes' meant truths, as has been shown and may be seen in 4545. Further on in this chapter it is also said that when Jacob recognized his son's tunic he rent his clothes, verse 34, by which mourning for lost truth is meant. Similar instances of this practice occur elsewhere in the Word, where it is stated that when the Rabshakeh was sent by Sennacherib king of Asshur and uttered insults against Jerusalem, Eliakim who was over the king's house, and Shebna the secretary, and Joash the recorder 1 rent their clothes and reported these things to king Hezekiah; and when he heard them the king too rent his clothes and covered himself with sackcloth, Isaiah 36:22; 37:1; 2 Kings 18:37; 19:1. The insults he uttered were directed against God, the king, and Jerusalem, and so against Divine Truth, as is even more evident from the internal sense of this narrative. It was to express mourning therefore that their clothes were rent.

[2] When Jehudi had read before the king the scroll which Jeremiah wrote, it is said that he threw it into the fire, but the king and his servants who were listening to all those words did not tear their clothes apart, Jeremiah 36:23-24. 'They did not tear their clothes apart' meant that they did not mourn on account of the non-acceptance of Divine Truth. Something similar is implied by Joshua the son of Nun and Caleb the son of Jephunneh rending their clothes, when the spies spoke in opposition to them, by speaking unfavourably about the land of Canaan, Numbers 14:6; for 'the land of Canaan' means the Lord's kingdom, and 'to speak in opposition to this' describes falsity in opposition to Divine Truth. Mourning over the loss of Divine Truth and Divine Good is meant where it is said, in 1 Samuel 4:11-12, that when the ark of God was captured by the Philistines and both of Eli's sons died, a man ran from the line of battle to Shiloh, with rent clothes and dust on his head. Because 'the ark' represented the Lord's kingdom, and in the highest sense the Lord Himself, and consequently represented everything holy in the Church, 'rent clothes' meant grief over the loss of Divine Truth, while 'dust on his head' meant grief over the loss of Divine Good.

[3] In the narrative about Samuel and Saul one reads,

When Samuel turned to go away Saul took hold of the skirt of his tunic, and it was torn away. Therefore Samuel said to him, Jehovah has torn the kingdom of Israel from upon you this day and has given it to your companion. I will not return with you, for you have rejected the word of Jehovah, and Jehovah has rejected you from being king over Israel. 1 Samuel 15:26-28.

The tearing away by Saul of the skirt of Samuel's tunic represented that which Samuel then stated - that the kingdom would be torn from him and that he would not be the king of Israel any longer. For 'the kingdom' in the internal sense means Divine Truth, 1672, 2547, 4691, as also does 'king' and 'kingship', 1672, 1728, 2015, 2069, 3009, 3670, 4575, 4581, especially the king and the kingdom of Israel, since 'Israel' represented the Lord's kingship. The meaning is similar in what is recorded concerning Jeroboam and Ahijah the prophet,

When Jeroboam went out of Jerusalem, and Ahijah the prophet found him on the road, when he was covered with a new garment and both were alone in the field, Ahijah took hold of the new garment that was on him and rent it into twelve pieces; and he said to Jeroboam, Take for yourself ten pieces; for thus said Jehovah, the God of Israel, behold, I am rending [the kingdom] from the hand of Solomon and I will give you ten tribes. 1 Kings 11:29-31.

[4] The second Book of Samuel likewise records that when Saul was killed in battle they tore their clothes apart,

When Saul was killed in battle, on the third day a man came from the camp, whose clothes had been rent. And when David heard about the death of Saul, David took hold of his garments and tore them apart; and so did all his servants who were with him. 2 Samuel 1:2, 10-12.

This too represented mourning because of Divine Truth, lost and cast away by those who adhered to faith separated from charity. For as stated above, 'kingship' meant Divine Truth, while 'the Philistines' by whom Saul was slain represented adherents to faith separated from charity, 1197, 1198, 3412, 3413. The same is also evident from David's lament over him, in verses 18-27 of the same chapter.

[5] When Absalom had slain Amnon his brother and the news reached David that Absalom had slain all the king's sons, David tore his clothes apart and lay on the ground; and all his servants standing by tore their clothes apart, 2 Samuel 13:28, 30-31. This too was done for the sake of the representation that truths from the Divine were lost, those truths being meant in the internal sense by 'the king's sons'. A similar meaning exists in the reference to Hushai the Archite who with his tunic torn apart came to meet David when he fled from Absalom, 2 Samuel 15:32; for in the Word 'a king', and in particular David, represents Divine Truth. The meaning is also very similar in the reference to Ahab, who tore his clothes apart and put sackcloth over his flesh when Elijah told Ahab the king of Israel the words of Jehovah, to the effect that he would be completely wiped out for the evil he had done, 1 Kings 21:27-29.

[6] The fact that tearing apart or rending clothes represented mourning the loss of Truth is additionally clear from the following: Hilkiah the priest found the Book of the law in the house of Jehovah. When Shaphan read it before king Josiah and the king heard the words of the Book of the law, he tore his clothes apart, 2 Kings 22:11. Plainly the king did so because the Word, that is, Divine truth, had been lost for so long and in their hearts and life had been blotted out.

[7] The tearing apart of his own clothes by the high priest, when the Lord confessed He was the Christ the Son of God, and his declaration that He had spoken utter blasphemy, Matthew 26:63-65; Mark 14:63-64, meant that the high priest was absolutely convinced that the Lord had spoken against the Word and so against Divine truth. When Elijah went up in the whirlwind, and Elisha saw it, it is said,

He took hold of his own clothes and tore them into two pieces. And he took up Elijah's tunic that had fallen from upon him, and he struck the waters and they were divided this way and that, and Elisha went over. 2 Kings 2:11-14.

Elisha tore his own clothes apart at that time to express mourning the loss of the Word, that is, of Divine Truth; for 'Elijah' represents the Lord as regards the Word, that is, Divine Truth, 2762. When the tunic fell from Elijah and was picked up by Elisha, the continuation of Elijah's representation by Elisha was represented, 'the tunic' meaning Divine Truth, see 4677. This also explains why the garment torn apart when such mourning took place was the tunic, as is evident from some of the places that have been quoted. Because 'a garment' meant the truth possessed by the Church, and in the highest sense Divine Truth, it was therefore shameful, except when one was mourning, to go about with clothes that were torn. This is evident from what was done to David's servants by Hanun king of the children of Ammon, when he cut off half the beard of each one, and their garments at the middle even to their buttocks, for which reason they were not allowed to come to David, 2 Samuel 10:4-5.

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1 Kings 20

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1 Ben Hadad the king of Syria gathered all his army together; and there were thirty-two kings with him, and horses and chariots: and he went up and besieged Samaria, and fought against it.

2 He sent messengers to Ahab king of Israel, into the city, and said to him, "Thus says Ben Hadad,

3 'Your silver and your gold is mine. Your wives also and your children, even the best, are mine.'"

4 The king of Israel answered, "It is according to your saying, my lord, O king. I am yours, and all that I have."

5 The messengers came again, and said, "Ben Hadad says, 'I sent indeed to you, saying, "You shall deliver me your silver, and your gold, and your wives, and your children;

6 but I will send my servants to you tomorrow about this time, and they shall search your house, and the houses of your servants; and it shall be, that whatever is pleasant in your eyes, they shall put it in their hand, and take it away."'"

7 Then the king of Israel called all the elders of the land, and said, "Please notice how this man seeks mischief; for he sent to me for my wives, and for my children, and for my silver, and for my gold; and I didn't deny him."

8 All the elders and all the people said to him, "Don't listen, neither consent."

9 Therefore he said to the messengers of Ben Hadad, "Tell my lord the king, 'All that you sent for to your servant at the first I will do; but this thing I cannot do.'" The messengers departed, and brought him back the message.

10 Ben Hadad sent to him, and said, "The gods do so to me, and more also, if the dust of Samaria shall suffice for handfuls for all the people who follow me."

11 The king of Israel answered, "Tell him, 'Don't let him who puts on his armor brag like he who takes it off.'"

12 It happened, when Ben Hadad heard this message, as he was drinking, he and the kings, in the pavilions, that he said to his servants, "Prepare to attack!" They prepared to attack the city.

13 Behold, a prophet came near to Ahab king of Israel, and said, "Thus says Yahweh, 'Have you seen all this great multitude? Behold, I will deliver it into your hand this day; and you shall know that I am Yahweh.'"

14 Ahab said, "By whom?" He said, "Thus says Yahweh, 'By the young men of the princes of the provinces.'" Then he said, "Who shall begin the battle?" He answered, "You."

15 Then he mustered the young men of the princes of the provinces, and they were two hundred and thirty-two. After them, he mustered all the people, even all the children of Israel, being seven thousand.

16 They went out at noon. But Ben Hadad was drinking himself drunk in the pavilions, he and the kings, the thirty-two kings who helped him.

17 The young men of the princes of the provinces went out first; and Ben Hadad sent out, and they told him, saying, "Men are coming out from Samaria."

18 He said, "If they have come out for peace, take them alive; or if they have come out for war, take them alive."

19 So these went out of the city, the young men of the princes of the provinces, and the army which followed them.

20 They each killed his man. The Syrians fled, and Israel pursued them. Ben Hadad the king of Syria escaped on a horse with horsemen.

21 The king of Israel went out, and struck the horses and chariots, and killed the Syrians with a great slaughter.

22 The prophet came near to the king of Israel, and said to him, "Go, strengthen yourself, and mark, and see what you do; for at the return of the year the king of Syria will come up against you."

23 The servants of the king of Syria said to him, "Their god is a god of the hills; therefore they were stronger than we. But let us fight against them in the plain, and surely we shall be stronger than they.

24 Do this thing: take the kings away, every man out of his place, and put captains in their place.

25 Muster an army, like the army that you have lost, horse for horse, and chariot for chariot. We will fight against them in the plain, and surely we will be stronger than them." He listened to their voice, and did so.

26 It happened at the return of the year, that Ben Hadad mustered the Syrians, and went up to Aphek, to fight against Israel.

27 The children of Israel were mustered, and were provisioned, and went against them. The children of Israel encamped before them like two little flocks of young goats; but the Syrians filled the country.

28 A man of God came near and spoke to the king of Israel, and said, "Thus says Yahweh, 'Because the Syrians have said, "Yahweh is a God of the hills, but he is not a God of the valleys;" therefore I will deliver all this great multitude into your hand, and you shall know that I am Yahweh.'"

29 They encamped one over against the other seven days. So it was, that in the seventh day the battle was joined; and the children of Israel killed one hundred thousand footmen of the Syrians in one day.

30 But the rest fled to Aphek, into the city; and the wall fell on twenty-seven thousand men who were left. Ben Hadad fled, and came into the city, into an inner room.

31 His servants said to him, "See now, we have heard that the kings of the house of Israel are merciful kings. Please let us put sackcloth on our bodies, and ropes on our heads, and go out to the king of Israel. Maybe he will save your life."

32 So they put sackcloth on their bodies and ropes on their heads, and came to the king of Israel, and said, "Your servant Ben Hadad says, 'Please let me live.'" He said, "Is he still alive? He is my brother."

33 Now the men observed diligently, and hurried to take this phrase; and they said, "Your brother Ben Hadad." Then he said, "Go, bring him." Then Ben Hadad came out to him; and he caused him to come up into the chariot.

34 Ben Hadad said to him, "The cities which my father took from your father I will restore. You shall make streets for yourself in Damascus, as my father made in Samaria." "I," said Ahab, "will let you go with this covenant." So he made a covenant with him, and let him go.

35 A certain man of the sons of the prophets said to his fellow by the word of Yahweh, "Please strike me!" The man refused to strike him.

36 Then he said to him, "Because you have not obeyed the voice of Yahweh, behold, as soon as you are departed from me, a lion shall kill you." As soon as he was departed from him, a lion found him, and killed him.

37 Then he found another man, and said, "Please strike me." The man struck him, smiting and wounding him.

38 So the prophet departed, and waited for the king by the way, and disguised himself with his headband over his eyes.

39 As the king passed by, he cried to the king; and he said, "Your servant went out into the midst of the battle; and behold, a man turned aside, and brought a man to me, and said, 'Guard this man! If by any means he be missing, then your life shall be for his life, or else you shall pay a talent of silver.'

40 As your servant was busy here and there, he was gone." The king of Israel said to him, "So your judgment shall be; yourself have decided it."

41 He hurried, and took the headband away from his eyes; and the king of Israel recognized that he was of the prophets.

42 He said to him, "Thus says Yahweh, 'Because you have let go out of your hand the man whom I had devoted to destruction, therefore your life shall go for his life, and your people for his people.'"

43 The king of Israel went to his house sullen and angry, and came to Samaria.