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Matthew 4

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1 τοτε G5119 ADV ο G3588 T-NSM ιησους G2424 N-NSM ανηχθη G321 G5681 V-API-3S εις G1519 P EP την G3588 T-ASF ερημον G2048 A-ASF υπο G5259 P EP του G3588 T-GSN πνευματος G4151 N-GSN πειρασθηναι G3985 G5683 V-APN υπο G5259 P EP του G3588 T-GSM διαβολου G1228 A-GSM

2 και G2532 CONJ νηστευσας G3522 G5660 V-AAP-NSM ημερας G2250 N-APF τεσσαρακοντα G5062 A-NUI και G2532 CONJ νυκτας G3571 N-APF τεσσαρακοντα G5062 A-NUI υστερον G5305 ADV επεινασεν G3983 G5656 V-AAI-3S

3 και G2532 CONJ προσελθων G4334 G5631 V-2AAP-NSM αυτω G846 P-DSM ο G3588 T-NSM πειραζων G3985 G5723 V-PAP-NSM ειπεν G2036 G5627 V-2AAI-3S ει G1487 COND υιος G5207 N-NSM ει G1488 G5748 V-PXI-2S του G3588 T-GSM θεου G2316 N-GSM ειπε G2036 G5628 V-2AAM-2S ινα G2443 CONJ οι G3588 T-NPM λιθοι G3037 N-NPM ουτοι G3778 D-NPM αρτοι G740 N-NPM γενωνται G1096 G5638 V-2ADS-3P

4 ο G3588 T-NSM δε G1161 CONJ αποκριθεις G611 G5679 V-AOP-NSM ειπεν G2036 G5627 V-2AAI-3S γεγραπται G1125 G5769 V- PI-3S ουκ G3756 P T-N επ G1909 P EP αρτω G740 N-DSM μονω G3441 A-DSM ζησεται G2198 G5695 V-FDI-3S ανθρωπος G444 N-NSM αλλ G235 CONJ επι G1909 P EP παντι G3956 A-DSN ρηματι G4487 N-DSN εκπορευομενω G1607 G5740 V-PNP-DSN δια G1223 P EP στοματος G4750 N-GSN θεου G2316 N-GSM

5 τοτε G5119 ADV παραλαμβανει G3880 G5719 V-PAI-3S αυτον G846 P-ASM ο G3588 T-NSM διαβολος G1228 A-NSM εις G1519 P EP την G3588 T-ASF αγιαν G40 A-ASF πολιν G4172 N-ASF και G2532 CONJ ιστησιν G2476 G5719 V-PAI-3S αυτον G846 P-ASM επι G1909 P EP το G3588 T-ASN πτερυγιον G4419 N-ASN του G3588 T-GSN ιερου G2411 N-GSN

6 και G2532 CONJ λεγει G3004 G5719 V-PAI-3S αυτω G846 P-DSM ει G1487 COND υιος G5207 N-NSM ει G1488 G5748 V-PXI-2S του G3588 T-GSM θεου G2316 N-GSM βαλε G906 G5628 V-2AAM-2S σεαυτον G4572 F-2ASM κατω G2736 P EP γεγραπται G1125 G5769 V- PI-3S γαρ G1063 CONJ οτι G3754 CONJ τοις G3588 T-DPM αγγελοις G32 N-DPM αυτου G846 P-GSM εντελειται G1781 G5699 V-FNI-3S περι G4012 P EP σου G4675 P-2GS και G2532 CONJ επι G1909 P EP χειρων G5495 N-GPF αρουσιν G142 G5692 V-FAI-3P σε G4571 P-2AS μηποτε G3379 ADV προσκοψης G4350 G5661 V-AAS-2S προς G4314 P EP λιθον G3037 N-ASM τον G3588 T-ASM ποδα G4228 N-ASM σου G4675 P-2GS

7 εφη G5346 G5713 V-IXI-3S αυτω G846 P-DSM ο G3588 T-NSM ιησους G2424 N-NSM παλιν G3825 ADV γεγραπται G1125 G5769 V- PI-3S ουκ G3756 P T-N εκπειρασεις G1598 G5692 V-FAI-2S κυριον G2962 N-ASM τον G3588 T-ASM θεον G2316 N-ASM σου G4675 P-2GS

8 παλιν G3825 ADV παραλαμβανει G3880 G5719 V-PAI-3S αυτον G846 P-ASM ο G3588 T-NSM διαβολος G1228 A-NSM εις G1519 P EP ορος G3735 N-ASN υψηλον G5308 A-ASN λιαν G3029 ADV και G2532 CONJ δεικνυσιν G1166 G5719 V-PAI-3S αυτω G846 P-DSM πασας G3956 A-APF τας G3588 T-APF βασιλειας G932 N-APF του G3588 T-GSM κοσμου G2889 N-GSM και G2532 CONJ την G3588 T-ASF δοξαν G1391 N-ASF αυτων G846 P-GPF

9 και G2532 CONJ λεγει G3004 G5719 V-PAI-3S αυτω G846 P-DSM ταυτα G5023 D-APN παντα G3956 A-APN σοι G4671 P-2DS δωσω G1325 G5692 V-FAI-1S εαν G1437 COND πεσων G4098 G5631 V-2AAP-NSM προσκυνησης G4352 G5661 V-AAS-2S μοι G3427 P-1DS

10 τοτε G5119 ADV λεγει G3004 G5719 V-PAI-3S αυτω G846 P-DSM ο G3588 T-NSM ιησους G2424 N-NSM υπαγε G5217 G5720 V-PAM-2S οπισω G3694 ADV μου G3450 P-1GS σατανα G4567 N-VSM γεγραπται G1125 G5769 V- PI-3S γαρ G1063 CONJ κυριον G2962 N-ASM τον G3588 T-ASM θεον G2316 N-ASM σου G4675 P-2GS προσκυνησεις G4352 G5692 V-FAI-2S και G2532 CONJ αυτω G846 P-DSM μονω G3441 A-DSM λατρευσεις G3000 G5692 V-FAI-2S

11 τοτε G5119 ADV αφιησιν G863 G5719 V-PAI-3S αυτον G846 P-ASM ο G3588 T-NSM διαβολος G1228 A-NSM και G2532 CONJ ιδου G2400 G5628 V-2AAM-2S αγγελοι G32 N-NPM προσηλθον G4334 G5656 V-AAI-3P και G2532 CONJ διηκονουν G1247 G5707 V-IAI-3P αυτω G846 P-DSM

12 ακουσας G191 G5660 V-AAP-NSM δε G1161 CONJ ο G3588 T-NSM ιησους G2424 N-NSM οτι G3754 CONJ ιωαννης G2491 N-NSM παρεδοθη G3860 G5681 V-API-3S ανεχωρησεν G402 G5656 V-AAI-3S εις G1519 P EP την G3588 T-ASF γαλιλαιαν G1056 N-ASF

13 και G2532 CONJ καταλιπων G2641 G5631 V-2AAP-NSM την G3588 T-ASF ναζαρετ G3478 N-P I ελθων G2064 G5631 V-2AAP-NSM κατωκησεν G2730 G5656 V-AAI-3S εις G1519 P EP καπερναουμ G2584 N-P I την G3588 T-ASF παραθαλασσιαν G3864 A-ASF εν G1722 P EP οριοις G3725 N-DPN ζαβουλων G2194 N-P I και G2532 CONJ νεφθαλειμ G3508 N-P I

14 ινα G2443 CONJ πληρωθη G4137 G5686 V-APS-3S το G3588 T-NSN ρηθεν G4483 G5685 V-APP-NSN δια G1223 P EP ησαιου G2268 N-GSM του G3588 T-GSM προφητου G4396 N-GSM λεγοντος G3004 G5723 V-PAP-GSN

15 γη G1093 N-VSF ζαβουλων G2194 N-P I και G2532 CONJ γη G1093 N-VSF νεφθαλειμ G3508 N-P I οδον G3598 N-ASF θαλασσης G2281 N-GSF περαν G4008 ADV του G3588 T-GSM ιορδανου G2446 N-GSM γαλιλαια G1056 N-VSF των G3588 T-GPN εθνων G1484 N-GPN

16 ο G3588 T-NSM λαος G2992 N-NSM ο G3588 T-NSM καθημενος G2521 G5740 V-PNP-NSM εν G1722 P EP σκοτει G4655 N-DSN ειδεν G3708 G5627 V-2AAI-3S φως G5457 N-ASN μεγα G3173 A-ASN και G2532 CONJ τοις G3588 T-DPM καθημενοις G2521 G5740 V-PNP-DPM εν G1722 P EP χωρα G5561 N-DSF και G2532 CONJ σκια G4639 N-DSF θανατου G2288 N-GSM φως G5457 N-NSN ανετειλεν G393 G5656 V-AAI-3S αυτοις G846 P-DPM

17 απο G575 P EP τοτε G5119 ADV ηρξατο G756 G5662 V-ADI-3S ο G3588 T-NSM ιησους G2424 N-NSM κηρυσσειν G2784 G5721 V-PAN και G2532 CONJ λεγειν G3004 G5721 V-PAN μετανοειτε G3340 G5720 V-PAM-2P ηγγικεν G1448 G5758 V- AI-3S γαρ G1063 CONJ η G3588 T-NSF βασιλεια G932 N-NSF των G3588 T-GPM ουρανων G3772 N-GPM

18 περιπατων G4043 G5723 V-PAP-NSM δε G1161 CONJ παρα G3844 P EP την G3588 T-ASF θαλασσαν G2281 N-ASF της G3588 T-GSF γαλιλαιας G1056 N-GSF ειδεν G1492 G5627 V-2AAI-3S δυο G1417 A-NUI αδελφους G80 N-APM σιμωνα G4613 N-ASM τον G3588 T-ASM λεγομενον G3004 G5746 V-PPP-ASM πετρον G4074 N-ASM και G2532 CONJ ανδρεαν G406 N-ASM τον G3588 T-ASM αδελφον G80 N-ASM αυτου G846 P-GSM βαλλοντας G906 G5723 V-PAP-APM αμφιβληστρον G293 N-ASN εις G1519 P EP την G3588 T-ASF θαλασσαν G2281 N-ASF ησαν G2258 G5713 V-IXI-3P γαρ G1063 CONJ αλιεις G231 N-NPM

19 και G2532 CONJ λεγει G3004 G5719 V-PAI-3S αυτοις G846 P-DPM δευτε G1205 G5773 V-XXM-2P οπισω G3694 ADV μου G3450 P-1GS και G2532 CONJ ποιησω G4160 G5692 V-FAI-1S υμας G5209 P-2AP αλιεις G231 N-APM ανθρωπων G444 N-GPM

20 οι G3588 T-NPM δε G1161 CONJ ευθεως G2112 ADV αφεντες G863 G5631 V-2AAP-NPM τα G3588 T-APN δικτυα G1350 N-APN ηκολουθησαν G190 G5656 V-AAI-3P αυτω G846 P-DSM

21 και G2532 CONJ προβας G4260 G5631 V-2AAP-NSM εκειθεν G1564 ADV ειδεν G1492 G5627 V-2AAI-3S αλλους G243 A-APM δυο G1417 A-NUI αδελφους G80 N-APM ιακωβον G2385 N-ASM τον G3588 T-ASM του G3588 T-GSM ζεβεδαιου G2199 N-GSM και G2532 CONJ ιωαννην G2491 N-ASM τον G3588 T-ASM αδελφον G80 N-ASM αυτου G846 P-GSM εν G1722 P EP τω G3588 T-DSN πλοιω G4143 N-DSN μετα G3326 P EP ζεβεδαιου G2199 N-GSM του G3588 T-GSM πατρος G3962 N-GSM αυτων G846 P-GPM καταρτιζοντας G2675 G5723 V-PAP-APM τα G3588 T-APN δικτυα G1350 N-APN αυτων G846 P-GPM και G2532 CONJ εκαλεσεν G2564 G5656 V-AAI-3S αυτους G846 P-APM

22 οι G3588 T-NPM δε G1161 CONJ ευθεως G2112 ADV αφεντες G863 G5631 V-2AAP-NPM το G3588 T-ASN πλοιον G4143 N-ASN και G2532 CONJ τον G3588 T-ASM πατερα G3962 N-ASM αυτων G846 P-GPM ηκολουθησαν G190 G5656 V-AAI-3P αυτω G846 P-DSM

23 και G2532 CONJ περιηγεν G4013 G5707 V-IAI-3S ολην G3650 A-ASF την G3588 T-ASF γαλιλαιαν G1056 N-ASF ο G3588 T-NSM ιησους G2424 N-NSM διδασκων G1321 G5723 V-PAP-NSM εν G1722 P EP ταις G3588 T-DPF συναγωγαις G4864 N-DPF αυτων G846 P-GPM και G2532 CONJ κηρυσσων G2784 G5723 V-PAP-NSM το G3588 T-ASN ευαγγελιον G2098 N-ASN της G3588 T-GSF βασιλειας G932 N-GSF και G2532 CONJ θεραπευων G2323 G5723 V-PAP-NSM πασαν G3956 A-ASF νοσον G3554 N-ASF και G2532 CONJ πασαν G3956 A-ASF μαλακιαν G3119 N-ASF εν G1722 P EP τω G3588 T-DSM λαω G2992 N-DSM

24 και G2532 CONJ απηλθεν G565 G5627 V-2AAI-3S η G3588 T-NSF ακοη G189 N-NSF αυτου G846 P-GSM εις G1519 P EP ολην G3650 A-ASF την G3588 T-ASF συριαν G4947 N-ASF και G2532 CONJ προσηνεγκαν G4374 G5656 V-AAI-3P αυτω G846 P-DSM παντας G3956 A-APM τους G3588 T-APM κακως G2560 ADV εχοντας G2192 G5723 V-PAP-APM ποικιλαις G4164 A-DPF νοσοις G3554 N-DPF και G2532 CONJ βασανοις G931 N-DPF συνεχομενους G4912 G5746 V-PPP-APM και G2532 CONJ δαιμονιζομενους G1139 G5740 V-PNP-APM και G2532 CONJ σεληνιαζομενους G4583 G5740 V-PNP-APM και G2532 CONJ παραλυτικους G3885 A-APM και G2532 CONJ εθεραπευσεν G2323 G5656 V-AAI-3S αυτους G846 P-APM

25 και G2532 CONJ ηκολουθησαν G190 G5656 V-AAI-3P αυτω G846 P-DSM οχλοι G3793 N-NPM πολλοι G4183 A-NPM απο G575 P EP της G3588 T-GSF γαλιλαιας G1056 N-GSF και G2532 CONJ δεκαπολεως G1179 N-GSF και G2532 CONJ ιεροσολυμων G2414 N-GPN και G2532 CONJ ιουδαιας G2449 N-GSF και G2532 CONJ περαν G4008 ADV του G3588 T-GSM ιορδανου G2446 N-GSM

   

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Apocalypse Explained # 740

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740. Called the devil and Satan, signifies because interiorly they were in evils and in falsities that are from hell. This is evident from the signification of "the devil and as being hell in respect to evils and falsities (of which presently). It means those who were interiorly in evils and the falsities thence, since those who are here meant by "the dragon" and are called "the devil and Satan," are not exteriorly such, but interiorly; for exteriorly 1 they speak like men of the church, and some like angels of heaven, about God, the Lord, faith in Him and love to Him, and about heaven and hell, and they gather many things from the Word by which they confirm their dogmas; thus by these exteriors they are conjoined to heaven; and yet interiorly they are not affected by them, much less delighted with them, but are affected and delighted only with bodily and worldly things, even so that they regard heavenly things as comparatively of no account. In a word, they love above all things the things of the body and of the world, and heavenly things only as things serviceable; thus they make the things of the body and of the world the head, and heavenly things the feet. They are such because they make the life to be of no account, saying that faith alone saves, and not any good of life. Therefore they are devils and satans, for man is such as he is interiorly, and not such as he is merely exteriorly, except when he speaks and acts outwardly from the interior. Moreover, a man continues such after death; for such as a man is interiorly, such he is in respect to the spirit, and the spirit of man is the affection from which is the will and the life therefrom. From this it follows that those who make no account of the life are interiorly devils and satans, and they also become devils and satans when their life in the world is ended and they become spirits.

[2] They are called "the devil and Satan" because both "the devil" and "Satan" signify hell; "the devil" signifying the hell from which are evils, and "Satan" the hell from which are falsities; this hell is called "Satan" because all who are in it are called satans, and the other hell is called "the devil" because all who are in it are called devils. Before the creation of the world there was no devil or Satan who had been an angel of light and was afterwards cast down with his crew into hell, as can be seen from what has been said in the work on Heaven and Hell 311-316, under the head, "Heaven and Hell are from the Human Race").

[3] It is to be known that there are two kingdoms into which the heavens are divided, namely, a celestial kingdom and a spiritual kingdom (on which see in the work on Heaven and Hell 20-28). To these two kingdoms correspond by opposition the two kingdoms into which the hells are divided; to the celestial kingdom corresponds by opposition the infernal kingdom that consists of devils and is therefore called "the devil," and to the spiritual kingdom corresponds by opposition the infernal kingdom that consists of satans and is therefore called "Satan." And as the celestial kingdom consists of angels who are in love to the Lord, so the infernal kingdom corresponding by opposition to the celestial kingdom consists of devils, who are in the love of self; consequently from that hell evils of every kind flow forth. And as the spiritual kingdom consists of the angels who are in charity towards the neighbor, so the infernal kingdom that corresponds by opposition to the spiritual kingdom consists of satans, who are in falsities from love of the world, consequently from that hell falsities of every kind flow forth.

[4] From this it is clear what "the devil" and "Satan" signify in the following passages. In the Gospels:

Jesus was led into the wilderness to be tempted by the devil (Matthew 4:1, seq.; Luke 4:1-13).

What is signified by the "wilderness," and by the Lord's "temptations" for forty days and forty nights, has been shown above n. 730. He is said to have been tempted "by the devil" to signify that He was tempted by the hells from which are evils, thus by the worst of the hells, for these were the hells that chiefly fought against the Lord's Divine love, since the love that reigned in those hells was the love of self, and this love is the opposite of the Lord's love, thus of the love that is from the Lord.

[5] In Matthew:

The tares are the sons of the evil one; the enemy that soweth is the devil (Matthew 13:38, 39).

"Tares" signify the falsities of doctrine, of religion, and of worship, which are from evil, therefore they are also called "the sons of the evil one;" and as evil brings them forth it is said that it is "the devil that soweth them."

[6] In Luke:

Those upon the way are they that hear; then cometh the devil and taketh away the word from their heart, that they may not believe and be saved (Luke 8:12).

And in Mark:

These are they upon the way, where the word is sown; and when they have heard, straightway cometh Satan and taketh away the word which hath been sown in their hearts (Mark 4:15).

Respecting this the term "devil" is used in Luke, and "Satan" in Mark, for the reason that "the seed that fell upon the way" signifies truth from the Word that is received in the memory only and not in the life, and as this is taken away both by evil and by falsity, therefore both "the devil" and "Satan" are mentioned; and therefore in Luke it is said that "the devil cometh and taketh away the word from their heart, that they may not believe and be saved;" and in Mark that "Satan cometh and taketh away the word which hath been sown in their hearts."

[7] In Matthew:

The king shall say to them on the left hand, Depart from Me, ye cursed, into the eternal fire prepared for the devil 2 and his angels (Matthew 25:41).

Here the term "devil" is used because this was said of those who did not do good works, and therefore did evil works; for those who do not do good works do evil works; for the works they did not do are recounted in the preceding verses, and when goods are lightly esteemed evils are loved.

[8] The Lord calls Judas Iscariot:

A devil (John 6:70);

And it is said that the devil put into his heart (John 13:2);

And that after he had taken the sop satan entered into him (John 13:27; Luke 22:3).

It is so said because Judas Iscariot represented the Jews, who were in falsities from evil, and therefore from evil he is called a "devil," and from falsities a "Satan." Wherefore it is said that "the devil put into his heart," "to put into the heart" meaning into the love that is of his will. Also it is said that "after he had taken the sop Satan entered into him;" "to enter into him with the sop" meaning into the belly, which signifies into the thought, and falsities from evil belong to the thought.

[9] In John:

Jesus said to the Jews, Ye are of your father the devil, and the desires of your father ye will to do; he was a murderer from the beginning, and stood not in the truth because there is no truth in him; when he speaketh a lie he speaketh from his own (John 8:44).

This describes the Jewish nation, such as it had been from the beginning, namely, that it was in evil and in falsities therefrom. "Their father the devil" means evil from hell, in which their fathers were in Egypt and afterwards in the desert; that they willed to remain in the evils of their cupidities is signified by "the desires of your father ye will to do;" that they destroyed every truth of the understanding is signified by "he was a murderer from the beginning, and stood not in the truth because there was no truth in him;" as "man" signifies the truth of intelligence, so "murderer" signifies its destroyer. Their falsities from evil are signified by "when he speaketh a lie he speaketh from his own;" "his own" signifying the evil of the will, and "lie" the falsity therefrom.

[10] In Matthew:

The Pharisees said of Jesus, He doth not cast out demons but by Beelzebub the prince of the demons. Jesus, knowing their thoughts, said unto them, If Satan casteth out satan he is divided against himself; how then shall his kingdom stand? But if I in the spirit of God cast out demons, then is the kingdom of God come unto you (Matthew 12:24-26, 28).

Here the term "Satan," and not devil is used, because "Beelzebub," who was the god of Ekron, means the god of all falsities, for "Beelzebub" by derivation means the god of flies, and "flies" signify the falsities of the sensual man, thus falsities of every kind. This is why Beelzebub is called Satan. So, too, the Lord said, "If I in the spirit of God cast out demons, then is the kingdom of God come unto you;" "the spirit of God" meaning Divine truth proceeding from the Lord, and "the kingdom of God" thence signifying heaven and the church that are in Divine truths.

[11] In the Gospels:

Peter rebuking Jesus because He was willing to suffer, Jesus turned and said unto Peter, Get thee behind Me, Satan, thou art a stumbling-block, because thou savorest not the things which are of God, but the things which are of men (Matthew 16:22, 23; Mark 8:32, 33).

The Lord said this to Peter because in a representative sense "Peter" signified faith; and as faith is of truth, and also, as here, of falsity, Peter is called Satan, for as has been said "Satan" means the hell that is the source of falsities. "Peter" represented faith in both senses, namely, faith from charity, and faith without charity; and faith without charity is the faith of falsity.

Moreover, those who are in faith without charity find a stumbling-block in the Lord's suffering Himself to be crucified; therefore this is called a "stumbling-block." As the passion of the cross was the Lord's last temptation and complete victory over all the hells, and also the complete union of His Divine with the Divine Human, and this is unknown to those who are in the faith of falsity, the Lord said "thou savorest not the things which are of God, but the things which are of men. "

[12] In Luke:

Jesus said to Simon, Behold Satan demanded you that he might sift you as wheat. But I prayed for thee that thy faith fail not; when, therefore, thou shalt be converted, strengthen thou thy brethren (Luke 22:31, 32).

Here, too, "Peter" represents faith without charity, which faith is the faith of falsity, for this was said to him by the Lord just before he thrice denied Him. Because he represented faith therefore the Lord says, "I prayed for thee that thy faith fail not;" that he represented the faith of falsity is evident from the Lord's saying to him, "when, therefore, thou shalt be converted, strengthen thou thy brethren." As the faith of falsity is like chaff before the wind, it is said that "Satan demanded them that he might sift them as wheat," "wheat" meaning the good of charity separated from chaff. From this it is clear why the name "Satan" is here used.

[13] In the same:

I beheld Satan as lightning falling from heaven (Luke 10:18).

Here "Satan" has a similar signification as "the dragon" who was also seen in heaven and was cast out of heaven; but properly it is the "dragon" that is meant by the "devil," and "his angels" that are meant by "Satan." That "the angels of the dragon" mean the falsities of evil will be seen in a subsequent paragraph. "Satan falling down from heaven" signifies that the Lord by Divine truth, which He then was, thrust all falsities out of heaven and subjugated those hells that are called "Satan," like as Michael cast down "the dragon and his angels" (of which above, n. 737).

[14] In Job:

There was a day when the sons of God came to stand by Jehovah, and Satan came in the midst of them. And Jehovah said unto Satan, Whence comest thou? And Satan answered Jehovah and said, From going to and fro in the earth, and from walking through it. And Jehovah gave into the hand of Satan all things belonging to Job, but he was not to put forth his hand upon Job; also afterwards that he might touch his bone and his flesh (Job 1:6-12; 2:1-7).

That this is a composed history is evident from many things in this book. The book of Job is a book of the Ancient Church, full of correspondences, according to the mode of writing at that time, but yet it is an excellent and useful book. The angels at that time were called "sons of God," because "sons of God," the same as "angels," mean Divine truths, and "Satan" infernal falsities. And as the hells tempt men by falsities, as Job was afterwards tempted, and as infernal falsities are dispersed by Divine truths, it is said that "Satan stood in the midst of the sons of God." What the rest signifies will not be explained here, since it must be made clear in its series.

[15] In David:

They put upon me evil for good, and hatred for my love; appoint Thou a wicked one over him, and let Satan stand at his right hand (Psalms 109:5-6).

This, like most things in the Psalms of David, is a prophecy respecting the Lord and His temptations; for He above all others endured the most frightful temptations; and as He in His temptations fought from Divine love against the hells, which were most hostile to Him, it is said "they put upon me evil for good, and hatred for my love;" and as infernal evil and falsity prevail with them it is said "appoint thou a wicked one over him, and let Satan stand at his right hand;" "to stand at the right hand" signifying to be wholly possessed, and "Satan" signifying infernal falsity with which he was possessed.

[16] In Zechariah:

Afterwards he showed me Joshua the great priest standing before the angel of Jehovah, and Satan standing at his right hand to be his adversary; and Jehovah said unto Satan, Jehovah rebuke thee, even He who chooseth Jerusalem; is not this a brand delivered out of the fire? And Joshua was clothed in filthy garments, and thus stood before the angel (Zechariah 3:1-3).

What this involves can be seen only from the series of things that precede and follow; from these it can be seen that this represented how the Word was falsified. "Joshua the great priest" signifies here the law or the Word; and "he stood before the angel clothed in filthy garments" signifies its falsification. This shows that "Satan" here means the falsity of doctrine from the Word when it is falsified; and as this began to prevail at that time, Zechariah saw "Satan standing at his right hand;" "to stand at the right hand" signifying to fight against Divine truth. Because it is the sense of the letter of the Word only that can be falsified, for the reason that the things in that sense are truths in appearance only, and those who interpret the Word according to the letter cannot easily be convinced of falsities, so Joshua 3 said, "Jehovah rebuke thee," as above n. 735, where is explained what is signified by "Michael disputed with the devil about the body of Moses, and Michael said to the devil, The Lord rebuke thee" (Jude 1:9). Because the truth of doctrine from the Word which has been falsified is here meant, it is said, "Jehovah who chooseth Jerusalem; is not this a brand delivered out of the fire?" "Jerusalem" signifying the doctrine of the church, and "a brand delivered out of the fire" that there was but little of truth left.

[17] In these passages in the Old Testament "Satan" only is mentioned, and in no place the devil, but instead of the devil the terms "foe," "enemy," "hater," "adversary," "accuser," "demon," also "death" and "hell," are made use of. From this it may be clear that "the devil" signifies the hell from which are evils, and "Satan" the hell from which are falsities; as also in the following passages in Revelation:

Afterwards I saw an angel coming down out of heaven having the key of the abyss and a great chain upon his hand, and he laid hold on the dragon, the old serpent, which is the devil and Satan, and bound him a thousand years. And when the thousand years are finished, Satan shall be loosed out of his prison, and shall lead the nations astray. And the devil that led them astray was cast into the lake of fire and brimstone (Revelation 20:1, 2, 7, 8, 10).

But what "demon" and "spirit of a demon" signify may be seen above n. 586.

Poznámky pod čarou:

1. The Latin has "interiorly."

2. The Greek has "devil," as is also found in 504.

3. The Latin here has "Jehovah," but cf. The text as given above.

  
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Thanks to the Swedenborg Foundation for their permission to use this translation.

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