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Matthaeus 13

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1 An demselben Tage ging Jesus aus dem Hause und setzte sich an das Meer.

2 Und es versammelte sich viel Volks zu ihm, also daß er in das Schiff trat und saß, und alles Volk stand am Ufer.

3 Und er redete zu ihnen mancherlei durch Gleichnisse und sprach: Siehe, es ging ein Säemann aus, zu säen.

4 Und indem er säte, fiel etliches an den Weg; da kamen die Vögel und fraßen's auf.

5 Etliches fiel in das Steinige, wo es nicht viel Erde hatte; und ging bald auf, darum daß es nicht tiefe Erde hatte.

6 Als aber die Sonne aufging, verwelkte es, und dieweil es nicht Wurzel hatte, ward es dürre.

7 Etliches fiel unter die Dornen; und die Dornen wuchsen auf und erstickten's.

8 Etliches fiel auf gutes Land und trug Frucht, etliches hundertfältig, etliches sechzigfältig, etliches dreißigfältig.

9 Wer Ohren hat zu hören, der höre!

10 Und die Jünger traten zu ihm und sprachen: Warum redest du zu ihnen durch Gleichnisse?

11 Er antwortete und sprach: Euch ist es gegeben, daß ihr das Geheimnis des Himmelreichs verstehet; diesen aber ist es nicht gegeben.

12 Denn wer da hat, dem wird gegeben, daß er die Fülle habe; wer aber nicht hat, von dem wird auch das genommen was er hat.

13 Darum rede ich zu ihnen durch Gleichnisse. Denn mit sehenden Augen sehen sie nicht, und mit hörenden Ohren hören sie nicht; denn sie verstehen es nicht.

14 Und über ihnen wird die Weissagung Jesaja's erfüllt, die da sagt: "Mit den Ohren werdet ihr hören, und werdet es nicht verstehen; und mit sehenden Augen werdet ihr sehen, und werdet es nicht verstehen.

15 Denn dieses Volkes Herz ist verstockt, und ihre Ohren hören übel, und ihre Augen schlummern, auf daß sie nicht dermaleinst mit den Augen sehen und mit den Ohren hören und mit dem Herzen verstehen und sich bekehren, daß ich ihnen hülfe."

16 Aber selig sind eure Augen, daß sie sehen, und eure Ohren, daß sie hören.

17 Wahrlich ich sage euch: Viele Propheten und Gerechte haben begehrt zu sehen, was ihr sehet, und haben's nicht gesehen, und zu hören, was ihr höret, und haben's nicht gehört.

18 So hört nun ihr dieses Gleichnis von dem Säemann:

19 Wenn jemand das Wort von dem Reich hört und nicht versteht, so kommt der Arge und reißt hinweg, was da gesät ist in sein Herz; und das ist der, bei welchem an dem Wege gesät ist.

20 Das aber auf das Steinige gesät ist, das ist, wenn jemand das Wort hört und es alsbald aufnimmt mit Freuden;

21 aber er hat nicht Wurzel in sich, sondern ist wetterwendisch; wenn sich Trübsal und Verfolgung erhebt um des Wortes willen, so ärgert er sich alsbald.

22 Das aber unter die Dornen gesät ist, das ist, wenn jemand das Wort hört, und die Sorge dieser Welt und der Betrug des Reichtums erstickt das Wort, und er bringt nicht Frucht.

23 Das aber in das gute Land gesät ist, das ist, wenn jemand das Wort hört und versteht es und dann auch Frucht bringt; und etlicher trägt hundertfältig, etlicher aber sechzigfältig, etlicher dreißigfältig.

24 Er legte ihnen ein anderes Gleichnis vor und sprach: Das Himmelreich ist gleich einem Menschen, der guten Samen auf seinen Acker säte.

25 Da aber die Leute schliefen, kam sein Feind und säte Unkraut zwischen den Weizen und ging davon.

26 Da nun das Kraut wuchs und Frucht brachte, da fand sich auch das Unkraut.

27 Da traten die Knechte zu dem Hausvater und sprachen: Herr, hast du nicht guten Samen auf deinen Acker gesät? Woher hat er denn das Unkraut?

28 Er sprach zu ihnen: Das hat der Feind getan. Da sagten die Knechte: Willst du das wir hingehen und es ausjäten?

29 Er sprach: Nein! auf daß ihr nicht zugleich den Weizen mit ausraufet, so ihr das Unkraut ausjätet.

30 Lasset beides miteinander wachsen bis zur Ernte; und um der Ernte Zeit will ich zu den Schnittern sagen: Sammelt zuvor das Unkraut und bindet es in Bündlein, daß man es verbrenne; aber den Weizen sammelt mir in meine Scheuer.

31 Ein anderes Gleichnis legte er ihnen vor und sprach: Das Himmelreich ist gleich einem Senfkorn, das ein Mensch nahm und säte es auf seinen Acker;

32 welches ist das kleinste unter allem Samen; wenn er erwächst, so ist es das größte unter dem Kohl und wird ein Baum, daß die Vögel unter dem Himmel kommen und wohnen unter seinen Zweigen.

33 Ein anderes Gleichnis redete er zu ihnen: Das Himmelreich ist gleich einem Sauerteig, den ein Weib nahm und unter drei Scheffel Mehl vermengte, bis es ganz durchsäuert ward.

34 Solches alles redete Jesus durch Gleichnisse zu dem Volk, und ohne Gleichnis redete er nicht zu ihnen,

35 auf das erfüllet würde, was gesagt ist durch den Propheten, der da spricht: Ich will meinen Mund auftun in Gleichnissen und will aussprechen die Heimlichkeiten von Anfang der Welt.

36 Da ließ Jesus das Volk von sich und kam heim. Und seine Jünger traten zu ihm und sprachen: Deute uns das Geheimnis vom Unkraut auf dem Acker.

37 Er antwortete und sprach zu ihnen: Des Menschen Sohn ist's, der da Guten Samen sät.

38 Der Acker ist die Welt. Der gute Same sind die Kinder des Reiches. Das Unkraut sind die Kinder der Bosheit.

39 Der Feind, der sie sät, ist der Teufel. Die Ernte ist das Ende der Welt. Die Schnitter sind die Engel.

40 Gleichwie man nun das Unkraut ausjätet und mit Feuer verbrennt, so wird's auch am Ende dieser Welt gehen:

41 des Menschen Sohn wird seine Engel senden; und sie werden sammeln aus seinem Reich alle Ärgernisse und die da unrecht tun,

42 und werden sie in den Feuerofen werfen; da wird sein Heulen und Zähneklappen.

43 Dann werden die Gerechten leuchten wie die Sonne in ihres Vaters Reich. Wer Ohren hat zu hören, der höre!

44 Abermals ist gleich das Himmelreich einem verborgenem Schatz im Acker, welchen ein Mensch fand und verbarg ihn und ging hin vor Freuden über denselben und verkaufte alles, was er hatte, und kaufte den Acker.

45 Abermals ist gleich das Himmelreich einem Kaufmann, der gute Perlen suchte.

46 Und da er eine köstliche Perle fand, ging er hin und verkaufte alles, was er hatte, und kaufte sie.

47 Abermals ist gleich das Himmelreich einem Netze, das ins Meer geworfen ist, womit man allerlei Gattung fängt.

48 Wenn es aber voll ist, so ziehen sie es heraus an das Ufer, sitzen und lesen die guten in ein Gefäß zusammen; aber die faulen werfen sie weg.

49 Also wird es auch am Ende der Welt gehen: die Engel werden ausgehen und die Bösen von den Gerechten scheiden

50 und werden sie in den Feuerofen werfen; da wird Heulen und Zähneklappen sein.

51 Und Jesus sprach zu ihnen: Habt ihr das alles verstanden? Sie sprachen: Ja, HERR.

52 Da sprach er: Darum ein jeglicher Schriftgelehrter, zum Himmelreich gelehrt, ist gleich einem Hausvater, der aus seinem Schatz Neues und Altes hervorträgt.

53 Und es begab sich, da Jesus diese Gleichnisse vollendet hatte, ging er von dannen

54 und kam in seine Vaterstadt und lehrte sie in ihrer Schule, also auch, daß sie sich entsetzten und sprachen: Woher kommt diesem solche Weisheit und Taten?

55 Ist er nicht eines Zimmermann's Sohn? Heißt nicht seine Mutter Maria? und seine Brüder Jakob und Joses und Simon und Judas?

56 Und seine Schwestern, sind sie nicht alle bei uns? Woher kommt ihm denn das alles?

57 Und sie ärgerten sich an ihm. Jesus aber sprach zu ihnen: Ein Prophet gilt nirgend weniger denn in seinem Vaterland und in seinem Hause.

58 Und er tat daselbst nicht viel Zeichen um ihres Unglaubens willen.

   

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Apocalypse Explained # 725

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725. "A son, a male" signifies the doctrine of truth for the church which is called "the New Jerusalem," because "son" signifies truth (as has been shown just above), and "a son, a male" signifies the truth of doctrine from the Word, consequently the doctrine of genuine truth which is for the church. It means the doctrine for the church which is called the New Jerusalem, because "the woman that brought forth a son, a male" means that church (as has also been shown above). The doctrine of truth which is for the church is also signified by "male" in the following passages. In Moses:

God created man into His image, into the image of God created He him. Male and female created He them (Genesis 1:27).

Male and female created He them, and blessed them, and called their name Man, in the day when they were created (Genesis 5:2).

What is involved in the things that are related in the first chapters of Genesis respecting the creation of heaven and earth, paradise, and eating from the tree of knowledge, no one can know except from the spiritual sense, for these historical things are made-up historicals, and yet they are holy, because every least particular is inwardly or in its bosom spiritual.

[2] It describes the establishment of the Most Ancient Church, which surpassed all the churches on this earth; its establishment is meant by the creation of heaven and earth, its intelligence and wisdom by the garden in Eden, and its decline and fall by eating from the tree of knowledge. From this it is clear that "Man," who is called "Adam and Eve," means that church, for it is said "male and female created He them, and called their name Man;" and as that church is meant by the two, it follows that "the male" means its truth, and "the female" its good, so too, "male" means doctrine, and "female," the life, since the doctrine of truth is also the doctrine of love and charity, thus the doctrine of life; and the life of good is also the life of love and charity, thus the life of doctrine, that is, life according to doctrine. These two are meant by "male [and female]," and these taken together and conjoined in marriage are called "Man" [Homo], and also constitute the church, which is meant by "Man," as has been said above. So, again, Adam is from a word that means ground, and ground from its reception of seeds signifies the church in respect to the truths of doctrine, for in the Word seeds signify truths; while Eve is from a word that means life, as it is said:

Because she was to be the mother of all living (Genesis 3:20).

These two, doctrine and life, when taken together and joined as it were in marriage, are called "Man," and also constitute the church, because man is man from the understanding of truth and from the will of good, consequently from the doctrine of life, since this is of the understanding, and from the life of doctrine, because this is of the will. It is similar with the church, for the church is in man, and is the man himself.

[3] That these two, which are signified by "male and female," are not to be two but one, the Lord teaches in the Gospels:

Jesus said, Have ye not read that He who made them from the beginning of creation made them male and female, and they twain shall be one flesh? Therefore they are no more twain, but one flesh (Matthew 19:4-6; Mark 10:6, 8).

This, like every particular of the Word, must be understood not only naturally, but also spiritually, and unless it is also understood spiritually no one can know what is signified by "male and female [or husband and wife] shall be no more twain but one flesh" (as it is also said in Genesis 2:24). Here, as above, "male and female" signify in the spiritual sense truth and good, consequently the doctrine of truth, which is the doctrine of life, and the life of truth, which is the life of doctrine; these must be not two but one, since truth does not become truth with man without the good of life, nor does good become good with anyone without the truth of doctrine, for good becomes spiritual good only by means of truths, and spiritual good is good, but natural good without it is not good. When these are one, then truth is of good and good is of truth, and this one is meant by "one flesh." It is similar with doctrine and life; these also constitute one man of the church when the doctrine of life and the life of doctrine are conjoined with him, for doctrine teaches how one must live and do, and life lives the doctrine and does it. From this it can also be seen that "a son, a male" signifies the doctrine of love and charity, consequently the doctrine of life.

[4] Since the truth of doctrine or the doctrine of truth is signified by the "male," the law was given:

That every male opening the womb should be holy to Jehovah (Exodus 13:12, 15; Deuteronomy 15:19; Luke 2:23).

For from the marriage of truth and good, which, as has been said above, is meant in the spiritual sense by the marriage of man and woman, truths and goods are born, consequently these are signified in that sense by "sons and daughters," truths by "sons," and goods by "daughters;" and as every man is reformed and regenerated by means of truths, for without truths man does not know what is good, or what is the nature of good, thus does not know the way to heaven, so truth, which is what is first born from the marriage of truth and good, was sanctified to Jehovah. This truth first born is also the doctrine of truth, for that which is first is the all in what follows, thus is in all truth, and all truth is doctrine. But it must be carefully noted that "the firstborn" signifies the truth that is of the good of charity, consequently it signifies the good of charity in its form and in its quality, and therefore truth. For truth is the form of good and the quality of good. This is signified by "the firstborn," because from the good of love, which is signified by the womb and the infant in it, nothing else can be born but the good of charity; and this good does not become good until it has been formed and qualified, that is, until it is in the form in which it has its quality, and its form is called truth, and yet it is good in form.

[5] From what has now been said it can be seen why it was commanded:

That every male should appear three times in the year before the face of the Lord Jehovah (Exodus 23:17; 34:23; Deuteronomy 16:16);

namely, at the three feasts, which signified everything of regeneration, from its first to its last; and as everything of regeneration is effected by the truths of doctrine that are made by the Lord to be of the life, so all males, by whom truths were signified, were to present themselves before the Lord that they might be made clean by Him and afterwards be led by Him. Moreover, "three times in the year" signifies continually, and "the face of Jehovah" the Divine love, by which man is led. And this was done because "Jerusalem" signified the church in respect to doctrine, and thence also the doctrine of the church.

[6] Because "burnt-offerings and sacrifices" signified celestial and spiritual things, "burnt-offerings" celestial things, and "sacrifices" spiritual things, the law was given:

That burnt-offerings should be of males without blemish, either from the flock or from the herd; but sacrifices might be either of males or females (Leviticus 1:2, 3; 3:1, 6).

The reasons were that celestial things are such as are of the love to the Lord, thus of the marriage of good and truth, but spiritual things are such as are of charity towards the neighbor, thus not of marriage but of the blood relationship of truth with good; and truths and goods in blood relationship are like sisters and brothers, but in marriage truths and goods are like husband and wife. This is why the burnt-offerings were "of males without blemish," which signify genuine truths from the Word, or from doctrine out of the Word, which have been conjoined to the good of love to the Lord, which good was signified by "the altar and its fire." The sacrifices were "either of males or females," because "males" signified truths, and "females" goods, conjoined not by marriage but by blood relationship; and as both of these, like brothers and sisters, are of one parent, worship was equally well pleasing from truths and from goods, that is, from males and from females.

[7] As all spiritual nourishment is from truths that are from good, the law was also given:

That the male among the priests might eat the holy things (Leviticus 6:18, 29; 7:6).

This was the law because "males" signify the truths of doctrine, which are doctrinals, as above, and "priests" the goods of love, which are the goods of life, and "their eating of the holy things" that belonged to Aaron and his sons signified spiritual nourishment.

[8] In Moses:

When thou draw near unto a city to fight against it, thou shalt invite it to peace; if it does not accept, thou shalt smite every male thereof with the edge of the sword, but the women, the little ones, the beasts, and the prey thou shalt take (Deuteronomy 20:10-14).

Every male in a city that did not accept peace should be smitten with the edge of the sword, but not the women, little ones, and beasts, because "city" signifies doctrine, and "a city of the nations in the land of Canaan" the doctrine of falsity, likewise the males of that city; and "not to accept peace" signifies not to agree with the truths and goods of the church, which were signified by "the sons of Israel;" "the edge of the sword," with which the males should be smitten, signifies truth destroying falsity. And because falsities alone fight against truths and goods and destroy them, but not evils without falsities, "the women, little ones, and beasts," which, with the nations, signified evils, were not smitten, since evils can be subdued, amended, and reformed by means of truths.

[9] In Jeremiah:

Cursed be the man who brought glad tidings to his father, saying, A son, a male is born to thee, in gladdening he hath made him glad; let that man be as the cities that Jehovah overthrew (Jeremiah 20:15, 16).

This is said of those who are in the devastated church, in which nothing but falsities rule and are accepted; therefore "cursed be the man who brought glad tidings to his father, saying, A male is born to thee," signifies one who acknowledges falsity and proclaims it as truth, thus the doctrine of falsity in place of the doctrine of truth; "in gladdening he hath made him glad" signifies the accepting from affection of falsity; "let that man be as the cities that Jehovah overthrew" signifies that it shall be with the doctrines that are from mere falsities, which the Lord exterminated from the church, and as with the cities of the Canaanitish nation that He destroyed; the comparison is with cities because "cities" signify doctrines.

[10] In Ezekiel:

Thou didst take the vessels of thine adorning, of My gold and of My silver which I had given to thee, and madest for thee images of a male with which thou didst commit whoredom (Ezekiel 16:17).

This is said of "the abominations of Jerusalem," which signify the falsifications and adulterations of the Word, which are made by applications to the cupidities of corporeal and earthly loves; "vessels of adorning from the gold and silver of the Lord" signify the knowledges of good and truth, which are the goods and truths of the sense of the letter of the Word; these are called "vessels" because they contain in them spiritual truths and goods, and are called "vessels of adorning" because they are the appearances and thus forms of things interior; the things that are of "gold" signify those that are from good, and those of "silver" those that are from truth; "thou madest for thee images of a male, with which thou didst commit whoredom," signifies falsities appearing as truths of doctrine, but which are falsified; "the images of a male" meaning the appearances of truth, which nevertheless are falsities, and "to commit whoredom" meaning to falsify.

[11] In Malachi:

Cursed be the defrauder in whose flock is a male and he voweth and sacrificeth to the Lord a corrupted thing (Malachi 1:14).

"A male in the flock" signifies the genuine truth of doctrine from the Word; "a corrupted thing" signifies what is falsified; and "to vow and sacrifice" signifies to worship, thus from things falsified when truth is known; that this worship being fraudulent is infernal is signified by "cursed be the defrauder." From what has now been shown from the Word respecting the signification of "male" and of "sons," it can be seen that "the son, a male that was brought forth by the woman arrayed with the sun, and upon whose head was a crown of twelve stars," signifies the doctrine of truth, thus the doctrine of love and charity for the church which is called the New Jerusalem (which is treated of in the twenty-first chapter of this book).

  
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Thanks to the Swedenborg Foundation for their permission to use this translation.

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Arcana Coelestia # 8315

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8315. 'The powerful ones of Moab' means those leading a life of falsity resulting from that love. This is clear from the meaning of 'the powerful ones' as ruling and predominant elements; and from the representation of 'Moab' as people who are governed by natural good yet easily allow themselves to be led into error, dealt with in 2468, thus who lead a life of falsity as a result. For people governed by natural good and not by good that springs from the truth of faith, thus who are not governed by spiritual good, allow themselves to be carried away into believing any falsities whatever, and so into living in accordance with them. They are carried away from truths to falsities, in particular by ones that accord with the kinds of love they have. These are the people that 'Moab' serves to mean. Those governed by natural and not by spiritual good cannot at all be led by any influx from heaven, see 3470, 3471, 3518, 4988, 4992, 5032, 6208, 7197, 8002. The word used in the original language to express 'powerful ones' refers to those strong in truth that is grounded in good, and in the contrary sense to those strong in falsity that is rooted in evil. The word is used in the latter sense in Ezekiel 31:11; 2 Kings 24:15.

  
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Thanks to the Swedenborg Society for the permission to use this translation.