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3 Mose 4

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1 Und der HERR redete mit Mose und sprach:

2 Rede mit den Kindern Israel und sprich: Wenn eine Seele sündigen würde aus Versehen an irgend einem Gebot des HERRN und täte, was sie nicht tun sollte:

3 nämlich so der Priester, der gesalbt ist, sündigen würde, daß er eine Schuld auf das Volk brächte, der soll für seine Sünde, die er getan hat, einen jungen Farren bringen, der ohne Fehl sei, dem HERRN zum Sündopfer.

4 Und soll den Farren vor die Tür der Hütte des Stifts bringen vor den HERRN und seine Hand auf desselben Haupt legen und ihn schlachten vor dem HERRN.

5 Und der Priester, der gesalbt ist, soll von des Farren Blut nehmen und es in die Hütte des Stifts bringen

6 und soll seinen Finger in das Blut tauchen und damit siebenmal sprengen vor dem HERRN, vor dem Vorhang im Heiligen.

7 Und soll von dem Blut tun auf die Hörner des Räucheraltars, der vor dem HERRN in der Hütte des Stifts steht, und alles übrige Blut gießen an den Boden des Brandopferaltars, der vor der Tür der Hütte des Stifts steht.

8 Und alles Fett des Sündopfers soll er abheben, nämlich das Fett, welches das Eingeweide bedeckt, und alles Fett am Eingeweide,

9 die zwei Nieren mit dem Fett, das daran ist, an den Lenden, und das Netz über der Leber, an den Nieren abgerissen,

10 gleichwie er's abhebt vom Ochsen im Dankopfer; und soll es anzünden auf dem Brandopferaltar.

11 Aber das Fell des Farren mit allem Fleisch samt Kopf und Schenkeln und das Eingeweide und den Mist,

12 das soll er alles hinausführen aus dem Lager an eine reine Stätte, da man die Asche hin schüttet, und soll's verbrennen auf dem Holz mit Feuer.

13 Wenn die ganze Gemeinde Israel etwas versehen würde und die Tat vor ihren Augen verborgen wäre, daß sie wider irgend ein Gebot des HERRN getan hätten, was sie nicht tun sollten, und also sich verschuldeten,

14 und darnach ihrer Sünde innewürden, die sie getan hätten, sollen sie einen jungen Farren darbringen zum Sündopfer und vor die Tür der Hütte des Stifts stellen.

15 Und die Ältesten von der Gemeinde sollen ihre Hände auf sein Haupt legen vor dem HERRN und den Farren schlachten vor dem HERRN.

16 Und der Priester, der gesalbt ist, soll Blut vom Farren in die Hütte des Stifts bringen

17 und mit seinem Finger siebenmal sprengen vor dem HERRN vor dem Vorhang.

18 Und soll von dem Blut auf die Hörner des Altars tun, der vor dem HERRN steht in der Hütte des Stifts, und alles andere Blut an den Boden des Brandopferaltars gießen, der vor der Tür der Hütte des Stifts steht.

19 Alles sein Fett aber soll er abheben und auf dem Altar anzünden.

20 Und soll mit dem Farren tun, wie er mit dem Farren des Sündopfers getan hat. Und soll also der Priester sie versöhnen, so wird's ihnen vergeben.

21 Und soll den Farren hinaus vor das Lager tragen und verbrennen, wie er den vorigen Farren verbrannt hat. Das soll das Sündopfer der Gemeinde sein.

22 Wenn aber ein Fürst sündigt und irgend etwas wider des HERRN, seines Gottes, Gebote tut, was er nicht tun sollte, und versieht etwas, daß er verschuldet,

23 und er wird seiner Sünde inne, die er getan hat, der soll zum Opfer bringen einen Ziegenbock ohne Fehl,

24 und seine Hand auf des Bockes Haupt legen und ihn schlachten an der Stätte, da man die Brandopfer schlachtet vor dem HERRN. Das sei sein Sündopfer.

25 Da soll denn der Priester von dem Blut des Sündopfers nehmen mit seinem Finger und es auf die Hörner des Brandopferaltars tun und das andere Blut an den Boden des Brandopferaltars gießen.

26 Aber alles sein Fett soll er auf dem Altar anzünden gleich wie das Fett des Dankopfers. Und soll also der Priester seine Sünde versöhnen, so wird's ihm vergeben.

27 Wenn aber eine Seele vom gemeinen Volk etwas versieht und sündigt, daß sie wider irgend eines der Gebote des HERRN tut, was sie nicht tun sollte, und sich also verschuldet,

28 und ihrer Sünde innewird, die sie getan hat, die soll zum Opfer eine Ziege bringen ohne Fehl für die Sünde, die sie getan hat,

29 und soll ihre Hand auf des Sündopfers Haupt legen und es schlachten an der Stätte des Brandopfers.

30 Und der Priester soll von dem Blut mit seinem Finger nehmen und auf die Hörner des Altars des Brandopfers tun und alles andere Blut an des Altars Boden gießen.

31 All sein Fett aber soll er abreißen, wie er das Fett des Dankopfers abgerissen hat, und soll's anzünden auf dem Altar zum süßen Geruch dem HERRN. Und soll also der Priester sie versöhnen, so wird's ihr vergeben.

32 Wird er aber ein Schaf zum Sündopfer bringen, so bringe er ein weibliches, das ohne Fehl ist,

33 und lege seine Hand auf des Sündopfers Haupt und schlachte es zum Sündopfer an der Stätte, da man die Brandopfer schlachtet.

34 Und der Priester soll von dem Blut mit seinem Finger nehmen und auf die Hörner des Brandopferaltars tun und alles andere Blut an den Boden des Altars gießen.

35 Aber all sein Fett soll er abreißen, wie er das Fett vom Schaf des Dankopfers abgerissen hat, und soll's auf dem Altar anzünden zum Feuer dem HERRN. Und soll also der Priester versöhnen seine Sünde, die er getan hat, so wird's ihm vergeben.

   

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Arcana Coelestia # 10044

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10044. 'On the ram's head' means, to the whole of it. This is clear from the meaning of 'the head' as the whole person, thus the whole [of the good of innocence in the internal man], dealt with in 10011. The reason why 'the head' means the whole is that it is highest and holds the inmost part of a person within it; and what is highest is the fountainhead of everything below it, just as what is inmost is the hub of everything outside it. For what lies outside or below is dependent on that which is inmost or highest. What is inmost in the human being is his will and understanding; these have their beginnings in the head. What flows from these inner powers is activity, that is, effects which they generate in the body. When therefore will and understanding are mentioned the whole person should be understood, for it is by virtue of these that a person is a person. The actions performed by the body also owe their entire nature to the will; and this is why a person is not regarded from the point of view of bodily actions or deeds but from that of the will within them. This being so, soul is used in the Word to mean the whole person, and a person is called a soul, as in Leviticus 4:27; 5:1, 4, 17; 6:2; 17:10, 15, and elsewhere.

[2] There are two things that mean the whole, namely the highest and the lowest. The reason why the lowest or last also has this meaning is that all interior things, beginning with the first or highest, terminate in those that are lowest and exist together there, see 9828, 9836. So it is that the highest by means of the lowest holds all the interior or intermediate things in connection and form, in order that they may all have the same end in view, 9828. The fact that the lowest also means the whole is clear from very many places in the Word, such as those which speak of the whole person as 'flesh', for example, Genesis 6:12; Numbers 16:22; 27:16; Isaiah 40:5; Zechariah 2:13, and elsewhere.

[3] Since the last things also mean all or the whole, the hair on the head, hair on the body, and the beard, which are last or outermost things growing out of a person's body, are used to mean those things, as also are the feet, or rather the toes on them, and the fingers on the hands. The fact that the hair on the head, hair on the body, and the beard have this meaning is clear in Isaiah,

On that day the Lord will shave with a razor - by means of the king of Asshur - the head, the hair of the feet, and also the beard. Isaiah 7:20.

'The king of Asshur' means reasoning, the kind that is used by people to destroy Divine things, 1186. 'Shaving the head, the hair of the feet, and the beard' means taking lowest things away, for when these have been taken away those within fall apart and perish. This also was why a priest was forbidden to shave his head, Leviticus 21:10, as was a Nazirite, whose hair according to Numbers 6:7 was called the Naziriteship of God, 6437, 9407, and is what 'the crown of the head of the Nazirite among [his] brothers', Genesis 49:25-26; Deuteronomy 33:16, should be taken to mean. Therefore also it says in Matthew 10:30 that the hairs of one's head are all numbered, meaning that every single thing in a person is so 'numbered', and in Luke 21:18 that not a hair on one's head will perish.

[4] The fact that the feet, the toes on them, and the fingers on the hands mean all things and so the whole is clear in John,

Peter said, Lord, You shall not wash my feet only, but also my hands and head. Jesus said to him, He who has been washed has no need except to wash his feet, and the whole person is clean. John 13:9-10.

'Feet' are the natural, which is last, 2162, 3147, 4938-4952, 9406. And in the following words of the present chapter,

You shall put some of the ram's blood on the tip of Aaron's ear, and on the thumb of the right hand, and on the big toe of the right foot. Verse 20.

That is, it was to be put on every single thing, meant by 'ear', 'hand', and 'foot'.

[5] Since highest and lowest, or what amounts to the same thing, first and last, equally mean every single thing, or the whole with all its parts, the Lord's Omnipotence and Omniscience is described by the words stating that He is the First and the Last, the Beginning and the End, the Alpha and the Omega, Revelation 1:8; 21:6; 22:13; Isaiah 41:4.

[6] The situation in which all things are held in connection and stand together, from that which is first or highest through to those that are last or lowest, is described in the following words in Isaiah,

I am the First and I am the Last, indeed My hand laid the foundation of the earth, and My right hand measured out heaven. I am summoning them; they stand together. Isaiah 48:12-13.

Jehovah's or the Lord's 'hand' and 'right hand' mean His almighty power, 'the earth' which He laid the foundation of is that which is last, 'heaven' which He stretched out is that which is between the first and the last, 'summoning them, that they may stand together' is holding all the interior things in connection and in form by means of what is last, that they may have a single end in view. This single end to be held in view is He who is the First and the Last. That this is the Lord is clear in Isaiah,

Thus said Jehovah, the King of Israel and his Redeemer, I am the First and I am the Last. Isaiah 44:6.

'The King of Israel' is the Lord, John 18:37, and so, as is self-evident, is 'his Redeemer'. And in the Book of Revelation,

These things says the First and the Last, who was dead and came to life. Revelation 2:8.

[7] The truth that what is first holds all things in connection by means of what is last may be recognized from the Word and from humanness. In the case of the Word its last and lowest things are its literal sense; that which is first and highest is the Lord; and the interior things within it are its internal sense, which the heavens perceive and which causes those who are there to have the same end in view, namely the Lord. Regarding this arcanum, see 9360, 9824.

[8] As to humanness, this as it exists in the things that are last is the Church on earth; as it exists in that which is first it is the Lord; and as it exists in the interior things it is heaven. For in the Lord's sight the Church and heaven are like one human being; therefore heaven is called the Grand Man, which has been the subject at the ends of a number of chapters, see the places referred to in 10030 (end). There is an unbroken connection, and an influx in keeping with that connection, of all things from the Lord through the heavens to the Church on earth. By the heavens the angels who are there should be understood; by the Church people who are true members of the Church; and by humanness as it exists in that which is first the Lord in respect of His Divine Human. The truth that what is first by means of what is last holds all things in connection and makes them stand as one is meant by the Lord's words in Isaiah quoted above,

I am the First and I am the Last, indeed My hand laid the foundation of the earth, and My right hand measured out heaven. I summoning them, they stand together. Isaiah 48:12-13.

The fact that 'the earth' is used in the Word to mean the Church has also been shown on many occasions, see the places referred to in 9325.

[9] An idea of this matter may be had from what is last or outermost with a person and what is inmost. His outermost is the skin, his inmost the heart, while the things in between or his interiors are the organs of the body. From the heart all the way to the skin by way of the organs there is an unbroken connection through blood vessels; for these emanate from the heart and end in the skin. The skin is self-evidently the last or outermost part holding the interior things in connection, for when the skin has been taken away the interiors fall apart.

[10] From all this it may be seen why it is that just as what is highest or inmost means every single thing, so too does what is lowest or last. Also evident from it all is the arcanum of why the Lord also glorified His Human right down to its last and lowest levels, called the bones and flesh, which explains why the Lord told His disciples, who thought that they were seeing a spirit,

See My hands and My feet, that it is I; handle Me and see; for a spirit does not have flesh and bones as you see Me having. Luke 24:37, 39.

It is well recognized that Divinity itself was the First in Him, for He was conceived from Jehovah, and what is conceived from the father is pre-eminently first in a person. The truth that the Lord also glorified the last and lowest levels of His Human in which they co-exist is evident from His words recorded in those verses, and also from the fact that He left nothing of His Human in the tomb. It is true of spiritual things as well that interior things terminate and come to rest in last and lowest ones in which they co-exist, and that the last hold the interior ones in connection, see 9216, 9828. Therefore the lowest things have might and power within them, 9836, and for the same reason have holiness within them, 9824; and revelations are made and answers are given in them, 9905.

  
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Thanks to the Swedenborg Society for the permission to use this translation.