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3 Mose 16

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1 Und der HERR redete mit Mose, nachdem die zwei Söhne Aarons gestorben waren, da sie vor dem HERRN opferten,

2 und sprach: Sage deinem Bruder Aaron, daß er nicht zu aller Zeit in das inwendige Heiligtum gehe hinter den Vorhang vor den Gnadenstuhl, der auf der Lade ist, daß er nicht sterbe; denn ich will in einer Wolke erscheinen auf dem Gnadenstuhl;

3 sondern damit soll er hineingehen: mit einem jungen Farren zum Sündopfer und mit einem Widder zum Brandopfer,

4 und soll den heiligen leinenen Rock anlegen und leinene Beinkleider an seinem Fleisch haben und sich mit einem leinenen Gürtel gürten und den leinenen Hut aufhaben, denn das sind die heiligen Kleider, und soll sein Fleisch mit Wasser baden und sie anlegen.

5 Und soll von der Gemeinde der Kinder Israel zwei Ziegenböcke nehmen zum Sündopfer und einen Widder zum Brandopfer.

6 Und Aaron soll den Farren, sein Sündopfer, herzubringen, daß er sich und sein Haus versöhne,

7 und darnach die zwei Böcke nehmen und vor den HERRN stellen vor der Tür der Hütte des Stifts,

8 und soll das Los werfen über die zwei Böcke: ein Los dem HERRN, das andere dem Asasel.

9 Und soll den Bock, auf welchen das Los des HERRN fällt, opfern zum Sündopfer.

10 Aber den Bock, auf welchen das Los für Asasel fällt, soll er lebendig vor den HERRN stellen, daß er über ihm versöhne, und lasse den Bock für Asasel in die Wüste.

11 Und also soll er denn den Farren seines Sündopfers herzubringen und sich und sein Haus versöhnen und soll ihn schlachten

12 und soll einen Napf voll Glut vom Altar nehmen, der vor dem HERRN steht, und die Hand voll zerstoßenen Räuchwerks und es hinein hinter den Vorhang bringen

13 und das Räuchwerk aufs Feuer tun vor dem HERRN, daß der Nebel vom Räuchwerk den Gnadenstuhl bedecke, der auf dem Zeugnis ist, daß er nicht sterbe.

14 Und soll von dem Blut des Farren nehmen und es mit seinem Finger auf den Gnadenstuhl sprengen vornean; vor den Gnadenstuhl aber soll er siebenmal mit seinem Finger vom Blut sprengen.

15 Darnach soll er den Bock, des Volkes Sündopfer, schlachten und sein Blut hineinbringen hinter den Vorhang und soll mit seinem Blut tun, wie er mit des Farren Blut getan hat, und damit auch sprengen auf den Gnadenstuhl und vor den Gnadenstuhl;

16 und soll also versöhnen das Heiligtum von der Unreinigkeit der Kinder Israel und von ihrer Übertretung in allen ihren Sünden. Also soll er auch tun der Hütte des Stifts; denn sie sind unrein, die umher lagern.

17 Kein Mensch soll in der Hütte des Stifts sein, wenn er hineingeht, zu versöhnen im Heiligtum, bis er herausgehe; und soll also versöhnen sich und sein Haus und die ganze Gemeinde Israel.

18 Und wenn er herausgeht zum Altar, der vor dem HERRN steht, soll er ihn versöhnen und soll vom Blut des Farren und vom Blut des Bocks nehmen und es auf des Altars Hörner umher tun;

19 und soll mit seinem Finger vom Blut darauf sprengen siebenmal und ihn reinigen und heiligen von der Unreinigkeit der Kinder Israel.

20 Und wenn er vollbracht hat das Versöhnen des Heiligtums und der Hütte des Stifts und des Altars, so soll er den lebendigen Bock herzubringen.

21 Da soll Aaron seine beiden Hände auf sein Haupt legen und bekennen auf ihn alle Missetat der Kinder Israel und alle ihre Übertretung in allen ihren Sünden, und soll sie dem Bock auf das Haupt legen und ihn durch einen Mann, der bereit ist, in die Wüste laufen lassen,

22 daß also der Bock alle ihre Missetat auf sich in eine Wildnis trage; und er lasse ihn in die Wüste.

23 Und Aaron soll in die Hütte des Stifts gehen und ausziehen die leinenen Kleider, die er anzog, da er in das Heiligtum ging, und soll sie daselbst lassen.

24 Und soll sein Fleisch mit Wasser baden an heiliger Stätte und seine eigenen Kleider antun und herausgehen und sein Brandopfer und des Volkes Brandopfer machen und beide, sich und das Volk, versöhnen,

25 und das Fett vom Sündopfer auf dem Altar anzünden.

26 Der aber den Bock für Asasel hat ausgeführt, soll seine Kleider waschen und sein Fleisch mit Wasser baden und darnach ins Lager kommen.

27 Den Farren des Sündopfers und den Bock des Sündopfers, deren Blut in das Heiligtum zu versöhnen gebracht ward, soll man hinausschaffen vor das Lager und mit Feuer verbrennen, Haut, Fleisch und Mist.

28 Und der sie verbrennt, soll seine Kleider waschen und sein Fleisch mit Wasser baden und darnach ins Lager kommen.

29 Auch soll euch das ein ewiges Recht sein: am zehnten Tage des siebenten Monats sollt ihr euren Leib kasteien und kein Werk tun, weder ein Einheimischer noch ein Fremder unter euch.

30 Denn an diesem Tage geschieht eure Versöhnung, daß ihr gereinigt werdet; von allen euren Sünden werdet ihr gereinigt vor dem HERRN.

31 Darum soll's euch ein großer Sabbat sein, und ihr sollt euren Leib kasteien. Ein ewiges Recht sei das.

32 Es soll aber solche Versöhnung tun ein Priester, den man geweiht und des Hand man gefüllt hat zum Priester an seines Vaters Statt; und er soll die leinenen Kleider antun, die heiligen Kleider,

33 und soll also versöhnen das heiligste Heiligtum und die Hütte des Stifts und den Altar und die Priester und alles Volk der Gemeinde.

34 Das soll euch ein ewiges Recht sein, daß ihr die Kinder Israel versöhnt von allen ihren Sünden, im Jahr einmal. Und Aaron tat, wie der HERR dem Mose geboten hatte.

   

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Arcana Coelestia # 4197

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4197. And Laban said, This heap is a witness between me and thee this day; therefore he called the name of it Galeed. That this signifies that it will be so to eternity, hence its quality again, is evident from the signification of a “heap,” as being good (see n. 4192); and from the signification of a “witness,” as being the confirmation of good by truth (concerning which below); from the signification of “this day,” as being eternity (n. 2838, 3998); and from the signification of “calling a name,” as being the quality (n. 144, 145, 1754, 2009, 2724, 3421). The quality itself is contained in the name “Galeed;” for in ancient times the names imposed contained the quality (n. 340, 1946, 2643, 3422). From this it is manifest what is signified by, “Laban said, This heap is a witness between me and thee this day; therefore he called the name of it Galeed,” namely, a testification of the conjunction of the good here signified by “Laban” with the good Divine of the Lord’s natural, consequently the conjunction of the Lord with the Gentiles by good; for this good is what is now represented by Laban (n. 4189). The truths of this good are what testify of the conjunction; and yet so long as they live in the world their good is aside, because they have not truths Divine. But they who live in this good (that is, in mutual charity), although they have no truths Divine direct from the Divine fountain (that is, from the Word), they nevertheless have not their good closed up, but such that it can be opened; and it also is opened in the other life, when they are there instructed in the truths of faith, and concerning the Lord. It is otherwise with Christians, of whom those who are in mutual charity, and still more those who are in love to the Lord, are in direct good while living in the world, because they are in truths Divine; and therefore they enter into heaven without such instruction, provided there have not been in their truths falsities, which must first be dispelled. But those Christians who have not lived in charity have closed heaven against themselves, and very many of them to such a degree that it cannot be opened; for they know truths, and deny them, and also harden themselves against them, if not with the mouth, yet in the heart.

[2] Laban’s first calling the heap “Jegar-sahadutha” in his own idiom, and then “Galeed” in the idiom of Canaan, when both have nearly the same meaning, is for the sake of the application, and of the conjunction thereby. To speak in the idiom of Canaan, or “with the lip of Canaan,” is to apply one’s self to the Divine; for by “Canaan” is signified the Lord’s kingdom, and in the supreme sense the the Lord, (n. 1607, 3038, 3705); as is manifest in Isaiah:

In that day there shall be five cities in the land of Egypt that speak with the lips of Canaan, and that swear to Jehovah Zebaoth. In that day shall there be an altar to Jehovah in the midst of the land of Egypt, and a pillar at the border thereof to Jehovah. And it shall be for a sign and for a witness to Jehovah Zebaoth in the land of Egypt (Isaiah 19:18-20).

[3] That a “witness” denotes the confirmation of good by truth, and of truth by good, and that hence a “testimony” denotes the good from which is truth, and the truth which is from good, may be seen from the Word in other passages. That a “witness” denotes the confirmation of good by truth and of truth by good, is evident from the following passages.

In Joshua:

Joshua said unto the people, Ye are witnesses against yourselves, that ye have chosen Jehovah to serve Him. And they said, We are witnesses. Now therefore put away the strange gods which are in the midst of you, and incline your heart unto Jehovah the God of Israel. And the people said unto Joshua, Jehovah our God will we serve, and unto His voice will we be obedient. And Joshua made a covenant with the people that day, and set them a statute and a judgment in Shechem. And Joshua wrote these words in the book of the law of God; and he took a great stone, and set it up there under an oak that was in the sanctuary of Jehovah. And Joshua said unto all the people, Behold, this stone shall be for a witness to us, for it hath heard all the words of Jehovah which He spake unto us; and it shall be to you for a witness, lest ye deny your God (Josh. 24:22-27).

That a “witness” here is confirmation, is manifest, and indeed the confirmation of a covenant, and accordingly of conjunction; for a “covenant” signifies conjunction (n. 665, 666, 1023, 1038, 1864, 1996, 2003, 2021). And as conjunction with Jehovah or the Lord is not possible except by good; nor the good which conjoins except that which has its quality from truth; it follows that a “witness” denotes the confirmation of good by truth. The good here meant is conjunction with Jehovah or the Lord by their choosing Him to serve Him; the truth by which the confirmation was made being the “stone.” (That a “stone” denotes truth may be seen above, n. 643, 1298, 3720) In the supreme sense, the “stone” is the Lord Himself, because all truth is from Him, and therefore He is called the “Stone of Israel” (Genesis 49:24); and it is also said, “Behold, this stone shall be for a witness to us, for it hath heard all the words of Jehovah which He spake unto us.”

[4] In John:

I will give unto my two witnesses, that they shall prophesy a thousand two hundred and sixty days, clothed in sackcloth. These are the two olive-trees and the two lampstands that stand before the God of the earth. And if any man desire to hurt them, fire proceedeth out of their mouth, and devoureth their enemies; these have power to shut heaven. And when they shall have finished their testimony, the beast that cometh up out of the abyss shall make war with them, and shall overcome them, and shall kill them. And after three days and a half, the breath of life from God entered into them, so that they stood upon their feet (Revelation 11:3-7, 11).

That the “two witnesses” here mentioned are good and truth (that is, the good in which is truth, and the truth which is from good), both confirmed in hearts, is manifest from its being said that the two witnesses are the two olive-trees and the two lampstands. (That an “olive-tree” is such good, may be seen above, n. 886.) The “two olive-trees” denote celestial good and spiritual good. Celestial good is that of love to the Lord, and spiritual good is that of charity toward the neighbor. The “lampstands” are the truths of these goods, as will appear when of the Lord’s Divine mercy the subject of lampstands is treated of. That these goods and truths have power to shut heaven and to open heaven may be seen in the preface to the twenty-second chapter. That “the beast out of the abyss (that is, out of hell) will kill them,” signifies the vastation of good and truth within the church; and that “the spirit of life from God entered into them, so that they stood upon their feet,” signifies a new church.

[5] That as in ancient times heaps were placed as witnesses, so afterwards were altars, is evident in Joshua:

The Reubenites and the Gadites said, Behold the pattern of the altar of Jehovah which our fathers made, not for burnt-offering, and not for sacrifice; but it is a witness between us and you. And the sons of Reuben and the sons of Gad called the altar, A witness between us that Jehovah is God (Josh. 22:28, 34).

(An “altar” is the good of love, and in the supreme sense the Lord Himself, n. 921, 2777, 2811.) In the internal sense a “witness” denotes the confirmation of good by truth.

[6] As by a “witness” is signified the confirmation of good by truth and of truth by good, therefore in the supreme sense by a “witness” is signified the Lord, because He is the Divine truth that confirms; as in Isaiah:

I will make an everlasting covenant with you, even the true mercies of David; behold I have given Him for a Witness to the peoples, a prince and commander to the peoples (Isaiah 55:4).

In John:

And from Jesus Christ, who is the faithful Witness, the firstborn from the dead, and the prince of the kings of the earth (Revelation 1:5).

In the same:

These things saith the faithful and true Witness, the beginning of the creation of God (Revelation 3:14).

[7] The command given in the representative church, that all truth shall stand on the word of two or three witnesses, and not on that of one (Numbers 35:30; Deuteronomy 17:6-7; 19:15; Matthew 18:16), is founded on the Divine law that one truth does not confirm good, but a number of truths; for one truth without connection with others is not confirmatory, but a number together, because from one may be seen another. One does not produce any form, and thus not any quality, but only a number that are connected in a series. For as one tone does not produce any melody, still less harmony, so neither does one truth. These are the things on which the law in question is founded, although in the outward form it appears to be founded in the civic state; the one however is not contrary to the other, as is also the case with the precepts of the Decalogue, concerning which see above (n. 2609).

[8] That a “testimony” denotes the good from which is truth, and the truth which is from good, follows from what has been said; and also from the fact that the ten precepts of the Decalogue written upon the tables of stone are called in one word the “testimony,” as in Moses:

Jehovah gave unto Moses, when He had made an end of speaking with him upon Mount Sinai, the two tables of the testimony, tables of stone, written with the finger of God (Exodus 31:18).

In the same:

Moses went down from the mount, and the two tables of the testimony were in his hand, tables that were written on their two sides (Exodus 32:15).

And as the tables were placed in the ark, the ark is called the “ark of the testimony,” as in Moses:

Jehovah said to Moses, Thou shalt put into the ark the testimony which I shall give thee (Exodus 25:16, 21).

Moses took and put the testimony into the ark (Exodus 40:20).

In the same:

I will meet with thee, and I will speak with thee from above the mercy-seat from between the two cherubim which are upon the ark of the testimony (Exodus 25:22).

In the same:

That the cloud of incense may cover the mercy-seat, that is upon the testimony (Leviticus 16:13).

In the same:

The rods of the twelve tribes were left in the tent of meeting before the testimony (Numbers 17:4).

(That from this the ark was also called the “ark of the testimony,” see, besides the passage cited, Exodus 25:22; 31:7; Revelation 15:5)

[9] The precepts of the Decalogue were therefore called the “testimony,” because they were of the covenant, thus of the conjunction between the Lord and man; which conjunction cannot come into existence unless man keeps the precepts, not only in external form, but also in internal. What the internal form of these precepts is, may be seen above (n. 2609); and therefore it is good confirmed by truth, and truth derived from good, which is signified by the “testimony.” Because this is so, the tables were also called the “tables of the covenant;” and the ark, the “ark of the covenant.” From all this it is manifest what in the genuine sense is signified in the Word by the “testimony” (as in Deuteronomy 4:45; 6:17, 20; Isaiah 8:16; 2 Kings 17:15; Psalms 19:7; 25:10; 78:5; 93:5; 119:2, 22, 24, 59, 79, 88, 138, 167; 122:3-4; Revelation 6:9; 12:17; 19:10).

  
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Thanks to the Swedenborg Foundation for the permission to use this translation.

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