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2 Mose 34

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1 Und der HERR sprach zu Mose: Haue dir zwei steinerne Tafeln, wie die ersten waren, daß ich die Worte darauf schreibe, die auf den ersten Tafeln waren, welche du zerbrochen hast.

2 Und sei morgen bereit, daß du früh auf den Berg Sinai steigest und daselbst zu mir tretest auf des Berges Spitze.

3 Und laß niemand mit dir hinaufsteigen, daß niemand gesehen werde um den ganzen Berg her; auch kein Schaf noch Rind laß weiden gegen diesen Berg hin.

4 Und Mose hieb zwei steinerne Tafeln, wie die ersten waren, und stand des Morgens früh auf und stieg auf den Berg Sinai, wie ihm der HERR geboten hatte, und nahm die zwei steinernen Tafeln in seine Hand.

5 Da kam der HERR hernieder in einer Wolke und trat daselbst zu ihm und rief aus des HERRN Namen.

6 Und der HERR ging vor seinem Angesicht vorüber und rief: HERR, HERR, GOTT, barmherzig und gnädig und geduldig und von großer Gnade und Treue!

7 der da bewahrt Gnade in tausend Glieder und vergibt Missetat, Übertretung und Sünde, und vor welchem niemand unschuldig ist; der die Missetat der Väter heimsucht auf Kinder und Kindeskinder bis ins dritte und vierte Glied.

8 Und Mose neigte sich eilend zu der Erde und betete an

9 und sprach: Habe ich, HERR, Gnade vor deinen Augen gefunden, so gehe der HERR mit uns; denn es ist ein halstarriges Volk, daß du unsrer Missetat und Sünde gnädig seist und lassest uns dein Erbe sein.

10 Und er sprach: Siehe, ich will einen Bund machen vor allem deinem Volk und will Wunder tun, dergleichen nicht geschaffen sind in allen Landen und unter allen Völkern, und alles Volk, darunter du bist, soll sehen des HERRN Werk; denn wunderbar soll sein, was ich bei dir tun werde.

11 Halte, was ich dir heute gebiete. Siehe, ich will vor dir her ausstoßen die Amoriter, Kanaaniter, Hethiter, Pheresiter, Heviter und Jebusiter.

12 Hüte dich, daß du nicht einen Bund machest mit den Einwohnern des Landes, da du hineinkommst, daß sie dir nicht ein Fallstrick unter dir werden;

13 sondern ihre Altäre sollst du umstürzen und ihre Götzen zerbrechen und ihre Haine ausrotten;

14 denn du sollst keinen andern Gott anbeten. Denn der HERR heißt ein Eiferer; ein eifriger Gott ist er.

15 Daß du nicht einen Bund mit des Landes Einwohnern machest, und wenn sie ihren Göttern nachlaufen und opfern ihren Göttern, sie dich nicht laden und du von ihrem Opfer essest,

16 und daß du nehmest deinen Söhnen ihre Töchter zu Weibern und dieselben dann ihren Göttern nachlaufen und machen deine Söhne auch ihren Göttern nachlaufen.

17 Du sollst dir keine gegossenen Götter machen.

18 Das Fest der ungesäuerten Brote sollst du halten. Sieben Tage sollst du ungesäuertes Brot essen, wie ich dir geboten habe, um die Zeit des Monats Abib; denn im Monat Abib bist du aus Ägypten gezogen.

19 Alles, was die Mutter bricht, ist mein; was männlich sein wird in deinem Vieh, das seine Mutter bricht, es sei Ochse oder Schaf.

20 Aber den Erstling des Esels sollst du mit einem Schaf lösen. Wo du es aber nicht lösest, so brich ihm das Genick. Alle Erstgeburt unter deinen Söhnen sollst du lösen. Und daß niemand vor mir leer erscheine!

21 Sechs Tage sollst du arbeiten; am siebenten Tage sollst du feiern, mit Pflügen und mit Ernten.

22 Das Fest der Wochen sollst du halten mit den Erstlingen der Weizenernte, und das Fest der Einsammlung, wenn das Jahr um ist.

23 Dreimal im Jahr soll alles, was männlich ist, erscheinen vor dem Herrscher, dem HERRN und Gott Israels.

24 Wenn ich die Heiden vor dir ausstoßen und deine Grenze erweitern werde, soll niemand deines Landes begehren, die weil du hinaufgehst dreimal im Jahr, zu erscheinen vor dem HERRN, deinem Gott.

25 Du sollst das Blut meines Opfers nicht opfern neben gesäuertem Brot, und das Opfer des Osterfestes soll nicht über Nacht bleiben bis an den Morgen.

26 Die Erstlinge von den Früchten deines Ackers sollst du in das Haus des HERRN, deines Gottes, bringen. Du sollst das Böcklein nicht kochen in seiner Mutter Milch.

27 Und der HERR sprach zu Mose: Schreib diese Worte: denn nach diesen Worten habe ich mit dir und mit Israel einen Bund gemacht.

28 Und er war allda bei dem HERRN vierzig Tage und vierzig Nächte und kein Brot und trank kein Wasser. Und er schrieb auf die Tafeln die Worte des Bundes, die Zehn Worte.

29 Da nun Mose vom Berge Sinai ging, hatte er die zwei Tafeln des Zeugnisses in seiner Hand und wußte nicht, daß die Haut seines Angesichts glänzte davon, daß er mit ihm geredet hatte.

30 Und da Aaron und alle Kinder Israel sahen, daß die Haut seines Angesichts glänzte, fürchteten sie sich, zu ihm zu nahen.

31 Da rief sie Mose; und sie wandten sich zu ihm, Aaron und alle Obersten der Gemeinde; und er redete mit ihnen.

32 Darnach nahten alle Kinder Israel zu ihm. Und er gebot ihnen alles, was der HERR mit ihm geredet hatte auf dem Berge Sinai.

33 Und da er solches alles mit ihnen geredet hatte, legte er eine Decke auf sein Angesicht.

34 Und wenn er hineinging vor den HERRN, mit ihm zu reden, tat er die Decke ab, bis er wieder herausging. Und wenn er herauskam und redete mit den Kindern Israel, was ihm geboten war,

35 so sahen dann die Kinder Israel sein Angesicht an, daß die Haut seines Angesichts glänzte; so tat er wieder die Decke auf sein Angesicht, bis er wieder hineinging, mit ihm zu reden.

   

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Apocalypse Explained # 633

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633. Forty and two months.- That this signifies even to the end of the old church, and the beginning of the new, is evident from the signification of months as denoting states, in this case the states of the church; for times, whether hours, days, months, years, or ages, signify states, and such states are designated by the numbers by which those times are determined, as in this case by the number forty-two (concerning this see above, n. 571, 610); and from the signification of forty-two as denoting the end of the former and the beginning of a new church. The reason this number has such a signification is, that it means six weeks, and by six weeks is signified the same as by six days of one week, that is, a state of combat and labour, consequently the end, when the church is altogether vastated, or when evil is consummated; and by the seventh week, which then follows, is signified the beginning of a new church. For the number forty-two results from the multiplication of six into seven, six times seven being forty-two, therefore it signifies the same as six weeks, and six weeks the same as six days of one week, that is, a state of combat and labour, as stated, and also a full state, in the present case, a full consummation of good and truth, or a complete vastation of the church.

[2] In the Word mention is frequently made of forty days, months, and years, and that number there signifies either a complete vastation of the church, or also a full state of temptation. That this state is signified by the numbers forty and forty-two, is evident from the following passages.

In Ezekiel:

Egypt "shall not be inhabited forty years; I will make Egypt a solitude in the midst of the lands that are desolate, and her cities in the midst of the cities that are devastated shall be a solitude forty years; and I will disperse Egypt among the nations, and I will scatter them in the lands; at the end of forty years I will gather Egypt together from the peoples, whither they were dispersed, and I will bring back the captivity of Egypt" (29:11-14)

Egypt signifies the church as to truths scientific (vera scientifica) upon which doctrine is founded. Truths scientific at that time were the knowledges (scientiae) of correspondences and representations, upon which the doctrine of their church was founded. But because the Egyptians turned those knowledges into magic, and by that means perverted the church, therefore its vastation, meant by forty years, is described. This, then, is the signification of Egypt not being inhabited forty years, and its cities being a solitude forty years. By Egypt being dispersed among the nations, and scattered in the lands, is signified that evils and falsities would completely take possession of that church and pervert all its scientifics. It is therefore evident that by forty years is signified the state of its complete vastation, or even to its end, when there would be no longer any truth and good remaining. But the beginning of a new church, signified by the end of forty years, is meant by these words, "at the end of forty years I will gather Egypt together from the peoples whither they were dispersed, and I will bring back the captivity of Egypt."

[3] In the same prophet there is a similar signification in the command

"that he should lie on his right side forty days, and lay siege to Jerusalem," which "shall want bread and water, and shall be desolate a man and a brother and waste away for their iniquity" (4:6, 7, 17).

The complete vastation of the church is also signified by that number; by Jerusalem is signified the church; by laying siege to it is signified to bring it into distress by evils and falses; by wanting bread and water is signified to be vastated as to the good of love and as to the truth of doctrine; by a man and a brother being desolate, and wasting away for their iniquity, things of a similar kind are signified, for a man and a brother denote truth and charity, and to waste away denotes to die.

[4] The forty days of the flood have a similar signification in Genesis:

"For yet seven days I will cause it to rain upon the earth forty days and forty nights, and I will destroy all substance, which I have made, from upon the faces of the earth; and there was rain upon the earth forty days and forty nights"; then "after seven days, he sent out a dove, which did not return unto him" (7:4, 12; 8:6, 13).

The flood signifies the devastation of the old, or Most Ancient church, also a last judgment upon those who were of that church. By the rain of forty days is signified its destruction by the falsities of evil; but the beginning of a new church is signified by the drying up of the earth after those forty days, and by its germinating anew. The dove which he sent out signifies the good of charity, which was the essential of that church. Concerning these things see the Arcana Coelestia, where they are explained.

[5] From this signification of the number forty originated this law in Moses, That the wicked man shall be smitten with forty stripes, and not more, "lest thy brother seem vile in thine eyes" (Deuteronomy 25:3). Full punishment as well as vastation is described by forty, for punishment is equally the consummation of evil. And because after punishment reformation succeeds, therefore it is said that he shall not be smitten with more stripes, "lest thy brother seem vile in thine eyes"; for forty signifies the end of evil and also the beginning of good, therefore if more than forty stripes were given, the beginning of good, or reformation, would not be signified.

[6] The vastation of the church with the sons of Jacob by the servitude of four hundred years in Egypt is signified by the words of Jehovah to Abraham,

"Know thou that thy seed shall be a sojourner in a land not theirs, where they shall make them serve four hundred years" (Genesis 15:13).

The signification of four hundred is similar to that of forty, also the signification of a thousand is similar to that of a hundred, of a hundred to that of ten.

[7] The vastation of the church, and also full temptation, are also signified by the sons of Israel remaining forty years in the wilderness, of which it is thus written in the following passages:

"Your sons shall be feeding in the wilderness forty years, and shall bear your whoredoms, even until your carcases are consumed in the wilderness" (Numbers 14:33, 34):

"He made them wander in the wilderness forty years, until all the generation that did evil in the eyes of Jehovah was consumed" (Numbers 32:13):

"Jehovah hath known thy walking through this great wilderness these forty years, Jehovah thy God was with thee, that thou lackedst nothing" (Deuteronomy 2:7):

"Thou shalt remember all the way which Jehovah thy God led thee these forty years in the wilderness, to afflict thee, and to tempt thee; he fed thee with manna to afflict thee, to tempt thee, and that he might do thee good at the last" (Deuteronomy 8:2, 3, 16):

"Your fathers tempted me, they proved me; forty years I loathed in this generation, and I said, they are a people that do err in their heart, and they have not known my ways" (Psalm 95:9, 10):

"I made you to ascend out of the land of Egypt, and I led you forty years in the wilderness to possess the land of the Amorite" (Amos 2:10).

It is evident from what has been stated that by forty years is not only signified the vastation of the church with the sons of Israel, but also a full state of temptation; also that by the end of those years the beginning of a new church is signified. The vastation of the church is described by these words, that they should feed in the wilderness forty years, and bear their whoredoms, until their bodies should be consumed; also by these, until all this generation, which hath done evil in the eyes of Jehovah, be consumed; also by these, I loathed in this generation, and I said, they are a people that do err in their heart, and they have not known my ways. But the temptation which is also signified by forty years is described by these words: Jehovah thy God was with thee through the forty years, that thou lackedst not any thing; also by these, Jehovah hath led thee these forty years in the wilderness, to afflict thee, and to tempt thee, and he fed thee with manna; also by these, He led thee in the wilderness to tempt thee, and to do thee good at the last. The beginning of the new church, at the end of the forty years, is described by their introduction into the land of Canaan, which took place after those forty years; and is also meant by the words, to do thee good at the last; also by these, I led you in the wilderness forty years to possess the land of the Amorite.

Full temptation is also signified by Moses being upon Mount Sinai forty days and forty nights, during which he neither ate bread nor drank water (Exodus 24:18; 34:28; Deuteronomy 9:9, 11, 18, 25); similarly, also, by "Jesus being in the wilderness tempted by the devil, where He fasted forty days" (Matthew 4:1, 2; Mark 1:13; Luke 4:1).

[8] From this it is evident that the number forty in the Word signifies complete vastation and consummation, that is, when all the good of the church is vastated, and evil consummated. The same number also signifies full temptation, and at the same time the establishment of the church anew, or reformation. From this the signification of the holy city being trodden under foot by the nations forty and two months is evident. And also in the following in the Apocalypse - that to the beast coming up out of the sea "was given a mouth speaking great things and blasphemies, and power was given to him forty and two months" (Revelation 13:15). Let no one therefore suppose that by forty and two months are meant months, or that any special time is designated by the numbers mentioned here and in the words that follow.

  
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Translation by Isaiah Tansley. Many thanks to the Swedenborg Society for the permission to use this translation.