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5 Mose 4

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1 Und nun höre, Israel, die Gebote und Rechte, die ich euch lehre, daß ihr sie tun sollt, auf daß ihr lebt und hineinkommet und das Land einnehmet, das euch der HERR, eurer Väter Gott, gibt.

2 Ihr sollt nichts dazutun zu dem, was ich euch gebiete, und sollt auch nichts davontun, auf daß ihr bewahren möget die Gebote des HERRN, eures Gottes, die ich euch gebiete.

3 Eure Augen haben gesehen, was der HERR getan hat wider den Baal-Peor; denn alle, die dem Baal-Peor folgten, hat der HERR, dein Gott, vertilgt unter euch.

4 Aber ihr, die ihr dem HERRN, eurem Gott, anhinget, lebt alle heutigestages.

5 Siehe, ich habe euch gelehrt Gebote und Rechte, wie mir der HERR, mein Gott, geboten hat, daß ihr also tun sollt in dem Lande, darein ihr kommen werdet, daß ihr's einnehmet.

6 So behaltet's nun und tut es. Denn das wird eure Weisheit und Verstand sein bei allen Völkern, wenn sie hören werden alle diese Gebote, daß sie müssen sagen: Ei, welch weise und verständige Leute sind das und ein herrlich Volk!

7 Denn wo ist so ein herrlich Volk, zu dem Götter also nahe sich tun als der HERR, unser Gott, so oft wir ihn anrufen?

8 Und wo ist so ein herrlich Volk, das so gerechte Sitten und Gebote habe wie all dies Gesetz, daß ich euch heutigestages vorlege?

9 Hüte dich nur und bewahre deine Seele wohl, daß du nicht vergessest der Geschichten, die deine Augen gesehen haben, und daß sie nicht aus deinem Herzen kommen all dein Leben lang. Und sollst deinen Kindern und Kindeskindern kundtun

10 den Tag, da du vor dem HERRN, deinem Gott, standest am Berge Horeb, da der HERR zu mir sagte: Versammle mir das Volk, daß sie meine Worte hören und lernen mich fürchten alle ihre Lebtage auf Erden und lehren ihre Kinder.

11 Und ihr tratet herzu und standet unten an dem Berge; der Berg brannte aber bis mitten an den Himmel, und war da Finsternis, Wolken und Dunkel.

12 Und der HERR redete mit euch mitten aus dem Feuer. Die Stimme seiner Worte hörtet ihr; aber keine Gestalt saht ihr außer der Stimme.

13 Und er verkündigte euch seinen Bund, den er euch gebot zu tun, nämlich die Zehn Worte, und schrieb sie auf zwei steinerne Tafeln.

14 Und der HERR gebot mir zur selben Zeit, daß ich euch lehren sollte Gebote und Rechte, daß ihr darnach tätet in dem Lande, darein ihr ziehet, daß ihr's einnehmet.

15 So bewahret nun eure Seelen wohl, denn ihr habt keine Gestalt gesehen des Tages, da der HERR mit euch redete aus dem Feuer auf dem Berge Horeb,

16 auf daß ihr nicht verderbet und machet euch irgend ein Bild, das gleich sei einem Mann oder Weib

17 oder Vieh auf Erden oder Vogel unter dem Himmel

18 oder Gewürm auf dem Lande oder Fisch im Wasser unter der Erde,

19 daß du auch nicht deine Augen aufhebest gen Himmel und sehest die Sonne und den Mond und die Sterne, das ganze Heer des Himmels, und fallest ab und betest sie an und dienest ihnen, welche der HERR, dein Gott, verordnet hat allen Völkern unter dem ganzen Himmel.

20 Euch aber hat der HERR angenommen und aus dem eisernen Ofen, nämlich aus Ägypten, geführt, daß ihr sein Erbvolk sollt sein, wie es ist an diesem Tag.

21 Und der HERR war so erzürnt über mich um eures Tuns willen, daß er schwur, ich sollte nicht über den Jordan gehen noch in das gute Land kommen, das dir der HERR, dein Gott, zum Erbteil geben wird,

22 sondern ich muß in diesem Lande sterben und werde nicht über den Jordan gehen; ihr aber werdet hinübergehen und solch gutes Land einnehmen.

23 So hütet euch nun, daß ihr des Bundes des HERRN, eures Gottes, nicht vergesset, den er mit euch gemacht hat, und nicht Bilder machet irgend einer Gestalt, wie der HERR, dein Gott, geboten hat.

24 Denn der HERR, dein Gott, ist ein verzehrendes Feuer und ein eifriger Gott.

25 Wenn ihr nun aber Kinder zeuget und Kindeskinder und im Lande wohnet und verderbt euch und machet euch Bilder irgend einer Gestalt, daß ihr übel tut vor dem HERRN, eurem Gott, und ihr ihn erzürnet:

26 so rufe ich heutigestages über euch zu Zeugen Himmel und Erde, daß ihr werdet bald umkommen von dem Lande, in welches ihr gehet über den Jordan, daß ihr's einnehmet; ihr werdet nicht lange darin bleiben, sondern werdet vertilgt werden.

27 Und der HERR wird euch zerstreuen unter die Völker, und wird euer ein geringer Haufe übrig sein unter den Heiden, dahin euch der HERR treiben wird.

28 Daselbst wirst du dienen den Göttern, die Menschenhände Werk sind, Holz und Stein, die weder sehen noch hören noch essen noch riechen.

29 Wenn du aber daselbst den HERRN, deinen Gott, suchen wirst, so wirst du ihn finden, wenn du ihn wirst von ganzem Herzen und von ganzer Seele suchen.

30 Wenn du geängstet sein wirst und dich treffen werden alle diese Dinge in den letzten Tage, so wirst du dich bekehren zu dem HERRN, deinem Gott, und seiner Stimme gehorchen.

31 Denn der HERR, dein Gott, ist ein barmherziger Gott; er wird dich nicht lassen noch verderben, wird auch nicht vergessen des Bundes, den er deinen Vätern geschworen hat.

32 Denn frage nach den vorigen Zeiten, die vor dir gewesen sind, von dem Tage an, da Gott den Menschen auf Erden geschaffen hat, von einem Ende des Himmels zum andern, ob je solch großes Ding geschehen oder desgleichen je gehört sei,

33 daß ein Volk Gottes Stimme gehört habe aus dem Feuer reden, wie du gehört hast, und dennoch lebest?

34 oder ob Gott versucht habe hineinzugehen und sich ein Volk mitten aus einem Volk zu nehmen durch Versuchungen, durch Zeichen, durch Wunder, durch Streit und durch eine mächtige Hand und durch einen ausgestreckten Arm und durch sehr schreckliche Taten, wie das alles der HERR, euer Gott, für euch getan hat in Ägypten vor deinen Augen?

35 Du hast's gesehen, auf daß du wissest, daß der HERR allein Gott ist und keiner mehr.

36 Vom Himmel hat er dich seine Stimme hören lassen, daß er dich züchtigte; und auf Erden hat er dir gezeigt sein großes Feuer, und seine Worte hast du aus dem Feuer gehört.

37 Darum daß er deine Väter geliebt und ihren Samen nach ihnen erwählt hat, hat er dich ausgeführt mit seinem Angesicht durch sein große Kraft aus Ägypten,

38 daß er vertriebe vor dir her große Völker und stärkere, denn du bist, und dich hineinbrächte, daß er dir ihr Land gäbe zum Erbteil, wie es heutigestages steht.

39 So sollst du nun heutigestages wissen und zu Herzen nehmen, daß der HERR Gott ist oben im Himmel und unten auf Erden und keiner mehr;

40 daß du haltest seine Rechte und Gebote, die ich dir heute gebiete: so wird dir's und deinen Kindern nach dir wohl gehen, daß dein Leben lange währe in dem Lande, das dir der HERR, dein Gott, gibt ewiglich.

41 Da sonderte Mose drei Städte aus jenseit des Jordans, gegen der Sonne Aufgang,

42 daß dahin flöhe, wer seinen Nächsten totschlägt unversehens und ihm zuvor nicht Feind gewesen ist; der soll in der Städte eine fliehen, daß er lebendig bleibe:

43 Bezer in der Wüste im ebnen Lande unter den Rubenitern und Ramoth in Gilead unter den Gaditern und Golan in Basan unter den Manassitern.

44 Das ist das Gesetz, das Mose den Kindern Israel vorlegte.

45 Das sind die Zeugnisse und Gebote und Rechte, die Mose den Kindern Israel sagte, da sie aus Ägypten gezogen waren,

46 jenseit des Jordans, im Tal gegenüber Beth-Peor, im Lande Sihons, des Königs der Amoriter, der zu Hesbon saß, den Mose und die Kinder Israel schlugen, da sie aus Ägypten gezogen waren,

47 und nahmen sein Land ein, dazu das Land Ogs, des Königs von Basan, der zwei Könige der Amoriter, die jenseit des Jordans waren, gegen der Sonne Aufgang,

48 von Aroer an, welches am Ufer liegt des Baches Arnon, bis an den Berg Sion, das ist der Hermon,

49 und alles Blachfeld jenseit des Jordans, gegen Aufgang der Sonne, bis an das Meer im Blachfelde, unten am Berge Pisga.

   

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Apocalypse Explained # 540

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540. Since it is said that "there went up a smoke out of the pit as the smoke of a great furnace," and it has so far been shown that "smoke" signifies dense falsity, it is important also to show that a "furnace" signifies the evils of earthly and corporeal loves, and thus that "smoke as the smoke of a great furnace" signifies dense falsities from those loves. It is also from appearances in the spiritual world that a "furnace" signifies such loves; for when the hells in which those loves prevail are looked into, they appear like furnaces glowing with fire; and over them smoke appears, such as goes up from furnaces and is seen in conflagrations. From this it is that "furnaces" signify in the Word either the hells, or a company of men, or the man himself, in whom such loves and cupidities reign, or what is the same, where the evils that flow forth from these prevail.

[2] Such is the signification of "furnaces" [fornaces et camini] and "ovens" [furni et clibani] in the following passages. In Matthew:

The Son of man shall send forth His angels, and they shall gather out of His kingdom all things that cause stumbling, and them that do iniquity; and shall send them into the furnace of fire. In the consummation of the age the angels shall come forth, and shall sever the wicked from the midst of the righteous, and shall cast them into the furnace of fire; there shall be wailing and gnashing of teeth (Matthew 13:41, 42, 49, 50).

Evidently here "a furnace (caminus seu fornax) of fire," means the hells; "the consummation of the age" is the last time of the church, when judgment takes place. That the evil must then be separated from the good and be cast into hell is signified by "the angels shall gather all things that cause stumbling, and them that do iniquity," and "they shall sever the wicked from the midst of the righteous, and shall cast them into the furnace of fire." Hell is called "the furnace of fire," because it appears to be on fire from the loves of self and of the world. That "infernal fire" signifies torment from these loves may be seen in the work on Heaven and Hell 566-575.

[3] In Malachi:

Behold, the day cometh burning as an oven, in which all that sin presumptiously, and every worker of wickedness shall be stubble, and the day that cometh shall set them on fire (Malachi 4:1).

This, too, was said of the last time of the church, and the Last Judgment at that time; both these are signified by "the day that cometh." The "oven" means the hell where those are who confirm themselves in falsities by doctrine, and confirm themselves in evils from earthly and corporeal loves by their life; that such on account of their own loves will perish is meant by "all who sin presumptiously, and every worker of wickedness shall be stubble, and the oven shall set them on fire," "all who sin presumptiously" meaning those who by doctrine confirm themselves in falsities, and "the worker of wickedness" those who by life confirm themselves in evil.

[4] In Hosea:

By their evil they make glad the king, and by their lies the princes. They are all adulterers, like an oven kindled by the baker; the raiser ceaseth from kneading the dough until it be fermented. For they have turned their mind like an oven while they lie in wait; their baker sleepeth all the night, in the morning he burneth as a fire of flame. They are all hot as an oven, and they will devour their judges; all their kings will fall; not one among them calleth unto Me. Ephraim is a cake not turned (Hosea 7:3-8).

In the spiritual sense this describes the sons of Jacob, that from the love of self and of the world they turned every good into evil, and thence every truth into falsity; "the king whom they make glad by wickedness," signifies all falsity from evil, for a "king" signifies truth from good, and in the contrary sense falsity from evil; and the "princes whom they make glad by lies" signify the chief falsities. That from their loves they perverted goods and truths is signified by "they are all adulterers, like an oven kindled by the baker," "to adulterate" signifying to pervert good and thence truth; this is compared to "an oven kindled by the baker," because they bring together falsities favoring their loves as into a mass of dough; and because evils and falsities are not separated from the goods and truths which are from the sense of the letter of the Word, but they cling together, it is said, "the raiser ceaseth from kneading the dough until it be fermented," "fermentation" signifying separation, here that they are not separated, since it is said, "he ceaseth from kneading the dough until it be fermented." The like is signified by "Ephraim is a cake not turned," "Ephraim" meaning the understanding of truth. That consequently there will be nothing but the evils of those loves that falsities favor is signified by, "the baker sleepeth all the night; in the morning he burneth as a fire of flame, they are all hot as an oven." Such are compared to a "baker" and an "oven," because they form doctrine out of falsities as a baker makes loaves and cakes in an oven. That they thus destroy all goods and truths that they have from the Word is signified by, "they will devour their judges, and all their kings will fall," "judges" signifying the goods of truth, and "kings" the truths themselves; that such is the result because they wish to be wise of themselves and not from the Lord, is signified by "not one among them that called unto Me." That these words have some such meaning can be seen merely from common intuition, but that the particulars signify and describe such things, that is, that "kings," "princes," "judges," and "adulterers," also an "oven" and a "baker" mean what has just been said, can be seen only from the internal sense. Moreover, those who bring together truths or falsities so that they cohere appear in the spiritual world as bakers kneading dough, with an oven also near them.

[5] In Lamentations:

Our skins are black like an oven because of the tempests of famine (Lamentations 5:10).

This is a lamentation over the loss of truth and inundation of falsity; "famine" signifies a loss and lack of truth (See above, n. 386); and "a tempest of famine," complete lack, and also an inundation of falsities, for where there are no truths there will be falsities; "tempests" have a similar signification in the Word as inundation. "Our skins are black like an oven" signifies that the natural man is without the light of truth, and thence in the darkness of falsity; here, too, an "oven" signifies the framing of doctrine out of falsities and not out of truths (but see above, n. 386, where this is more fully explained).

[6] In Ezekiel:

The house of Israel has become as dross unto Me; all of them are brass and tin and iron and lead in the midst of a furnace; they have become the dross of silver. Behold, I gather you into the midst of Jerusalem, a gathering of silver and brass and iron and lead and tin will I gather you, into the midst of the furnace, to blow fire upon it to melt it; so will I bring you together in Mine anger and in My wrath, and I will leave you there and melt you. Like a casting of silver in the midst of the furnace, so shall ye be melted in the midst thereof (Ezekiel 22:18-22).

This describes the false doctrinals which the Jews and Israelites brought together from the sense of the letter of the Word, which they adapted merely to themselves and to their loves; these are called the "dross of silver," because "silver" signifies the truth of the Word, and "dross" nothing of truth, or what is abstracted from truth, which is rejected. The things of the sense of the letter of the Word are signified by "brass, tin, iron, and lead," because these signify the goods and truths of the natural man; and the things of the Word that are contained in the sense of its letter are for the natural man. And because from this sense they framed their false doctrinals, which were traditions, it is said "they shall be melted together;" and because they were adapted to their loves, which were loves of self and of the world, it is said that "He would gather them into the midst of the furnace, to blow fire upon it to melt it," "fire" signifying those loves. And because their doctrinals are meant, it is said that "He would gather them into the midst of Jerusalem," "Jerusalem" signifying the church in respect to doctrine, thus also the doctrine of the church.

[7] In Moses:

The sun went down and it was dense darkness, and behold an oven of smoke and a torch of fire that passed through between the pieces (Genesis 15:17).

Falsities of evil and evils of falsity, swarming out of the filthy loves of the Jewish and Israelitish nation, are here meant by "an oven of smoke," and "a torch of fire that passed through between the pieces," as can be seen in the article above. For Abraham was eager that his posterity should rule over the whole land of Canaan, and because the Lord foresaw that the church would be instituted in that nation, He made a covenant with Abraham. Nevertheless what they were to be is predicted in this that was seen.

[8] In Nahum:

Draw thee waters for the siege, strengthen thy fortresses; go into the mire, and tread the pitch, repair the brick-kiln [fornax]. There shall the fire devour thee, the sword shall cut thee off (Nahum 3:14, 15).

This describes the destruction of truth by the falsities of evil; the "waters for the siege" mean the falsities by which they endeavor to destroy truths; "to strengthen the fortresses" signifies to fortify falsities by such things as appear like truths; "to go into the mire and tread the pitch" signifies to make them appear to cling together, "pitch" meaning falsity from evil conjoining; "to repair the brick-kiln" signifies to repair the doctrine framed out of falsified truths and fictions, "bricks" signifying the falsities that are fabricated and do not cohere with truths; "fire shall devour thee" signifies that they will be destroyed by the evils of their loves, and "the sword shall cut thee off" signifies that they will be destroyed by falsities.

[9] In Jeremiah:

Take great stones in thy hand, and hide them in the brick-kiln which is near the entrance of Pharaoh's house. I will take the king of Babylon, and I will set his throne upon these stones that thou hast hid, 1 and he shall come and smite the land of Egypt; and I will kindle a fire in the houses [of the gods] of Egypt; and finally he shall array himself with the land of Egypt, as a shepherd arrayeth himself in his garment (Jeremiah 43:9-12).

This represented the profanation of truth by reasonings from knowledges [scientifica] falsely applied. "The great stones hidden in the brick-kiln" signify the truths of the Word falsified by fictions that are from self-intelligence, "stones" meaning the truths of the Word, and "brick-kiln" the doctrine framed out of fictions; "the house of Pharaoh" signifies the natural man in respect to knowledges [scientifica] there; "entrance" means sensual knowledge, through which there is entrance into the natural man; it is by this that falsifications are made; "the king of Babylon" signifies the profanation of truth; "He will set his throne upon these stones, and will smite Egypt, and kindle a fire in the houses thereof," signifies that through the knowledges [scientifica] of the natural man all the truths of doctrine will be perverted and profaned. That he will subject to himself the natural man in respect to all things therein, which is done by confirmations of falsities from knowledges [scientifica], is signified by "he will array himself with the land of Egypt, as a shepherd arrayeth himself in his garment." That thus all things of the natural man will be destroyed by the evils of earthly and corporeal loves is signified by "I will kindle a fire in the houses of Egypt."

[10] Because "Egypt" signifies the natural man in respect to knowledge there, and a "furnace of iron" has a similar signification, therefore Egypt in the Word is called "a furnace of iron." As in Jeremiah:

In the day that I brought you 2 forth out of Egypt, out of the furnace of iron (Jeremiah 11:4).

In Moses:

He hath brought them 3 forth out of the furnace of iron, out of Egypt (Deuteronomy 4:20).

In the first book of Kings:

Which He brought forth 4 out of Egypt, from the midst of the furnace of iron (1 Kings 8:51).

In David:

I removed the shoulder of Israel from the burden of Egypt; his hands have passed away from the furnace (Psalms 81:6).

The natural man in respect to knowledge [scientifica] is signified by the "furnace of iron," "furnace" meaning the natural man, and "iron" knowledge, here false knowledge, because it is said that "they were brought out;" for the natural man, unless he is led by the spiritual man, is in falsities and evils, because he has no light from heaven, for light from heaven flows in through the spiritual man into the natural, and enlightens, teaches, and leads; it is the direct opposite when the natural man does not think and act under the auspices of the spiritual man; then also he is in bondage, for he thinks and acts from falsities and evils that are from hell; this is what is signified when it is said that "they were brought out of the house of bondage" when they were brought out of Egypt. For all freedom of thinking and acting is from the spiritual man, because the spiritual man thinks and wills out of heaven from the Lord, and to be led of the Lord is freedom. From this it can be seen why Egypt is called "a furnace of iron," and "a house of bondage;" this bondage is signified also by "I removed the shoulder of Israel from the burden of Egypt." (That "iron" signifies knowledge [scientificum] belonging to the natural man, may be seen above, n.176.)

[11] As most things in the Word have also a contrary sense, so does "oven." As in Isaiah:

Saith Jehovah, who has His hearth in Zion, and His oven in Jerusalem (Isaiah 31:9).

"Hearth" signifies the good of love, and "oven" truth from that good, thus the truth of doctrine; "Zion and Jerusalem" have a like signification, "Zion" signifying the church in respect to the good of love, and "Jerusalem" the church in respect to truth of doctrine. "Oven" has a similar meaning in Moses, where it is said:

That the meal-offering must be prepared either in an oven, or in a plate, or in a frying pan (Leviticus 2:4, 5, 7).

(This is explained in the Arcana Coelestia.) "Furnace" has a similar meaning above in Revelation:

The feet of the Son of man were like unto burnished brass, as if glowing in a furnace (Revelation 1:15).

Of which above, n. 69.

Poznámky pod čarou:

1. Latin has "thou hast hid," Hebrew "I have hid," so also in AC 751 .

2. Latin has "you," Hebrew "them."

3. Latin "them," Hebrew "you."

4. Latin "He brought forth," Hebrew "Thou hast brought forth."

  
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Thanks to the Swedenborg Foundation for their permission to use this translation.